新高考英语二轮提分教程语篇部分：阅读七选五第3讲

1、第3讲段尾类段尾设空的类型多为总结本段内容，偶有起承上启下的作用。1总结概括句解题指导做题时一要注意设空的前一句或前两三句；二要注意在选项中查找thus,therefore,hence,so,asaresult,inaword,inshort,toconclude,tosumUp表示结果、结论、总结的词语；三要注意与前文的逻辑关系，找到关键的线索词句，如表示转折、并列、排比等关系。如果在文章第一段的段尾设空，要认真阅读看此处是细节还是主题。通常文章的第一段要提出主题，如果在段尾提出主题，常用一些信号词（如转折词）引出来，正确答案中应有这样的信号词。典例（2019北京高考）Ifabasketba

2、llstaris,forexample,tryingtogainahighpersonalpointtotal,hemaytakeashothimselfwhenitwouldbebettertopasstheballtoateammate,affectingtheteam'sperformance.Youngchildrenlearningtoplayteamsportsareoftentold,“ThereisnoIinTEAM49”_D.Starsapparentlydonotfollowthisbasicprincipleofsportsmanship.解析D根据上文描述篮球明

3、星的做法和空格前的“学习参加团队运动的小孩子经常被告知团队里没有个人”形成的对比可推断出，选项D“明星们很明显不遵守体育精神这一基本原则”对全段作了总结概括，故答案为Do2承上启下句解题指导做题时如果在选项中找不出与前文之间的关联，此时要考虑与下一段开头是否有衔接，要认真阅读下一段的开头几句，看是否能紧密联系起来。典例1（2018浙江高考）Movingintoanewhomeinanewneighborhoodisanexcitingexperience.Ofcourse,youwanttomakesurethatyoubecomeanacceptedandvaluablepartofyour

4、newneighborhood.Theeasiestwaytoaccomplishthisistomakesureyouconductyourselfasagoodneighborshould._31一G.Hereareafewtipstohelpyouwinovereveryoneintheneighborhoodquickly.解析G根据下文叙述的几条建议可知，空格处承上启下；上文提到，被邻居接受的最容易的方法就是你要使自己表现出是一个好邻居。G项（以下是几条帮助你快速赢取社区所有人的心的建议）符合语境。典例2（2017全国卷I）Ifanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsago

5、thatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily.Campers,inmyeyes,werepeoplewhoenjoyedinsectbites,ill-cookedmeals,anduncomfortablesleepingbags.Theyhadnothingincommonwithme._36_40Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyl

6、e.A. Thistimetherewasnotent.B. Thingsaregoingtobeimproved.C. Thetriptheytookmeonwasaroughone.D. Iwastolearnalotaboutcampingsincethen,however.E. ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometoenjoycamping.F. Afterthetrip,myfamilybecamequiteinterestedincamping.G. Therewasnoshadeasthetreeswerenomorethan3feettall.解析36

7、.D空格处位于首段段末，由位置可判断出考查的有可能是带有转折性或启发性的承上启下的总起句。分析上下文，找关键词句：由空格前IfanyonehadtoldmethreeyearsagothatIwouldbespendingmostofmyweekendscamping,Iwouldhavelaughedheartily:可知，作者开始是不喜欢camping（露营）的，但从下文几段的叙述却发现作者逐渐爱上露营，暗示此处作者对待露营的情感态度应该出现转变。由此判断此处应是一个转折性的总起句。对照选项匹配：D项中however”表转折，与上一步的判断对应，再D项中sincethen"承上，

8、I'wastolearnalotaboutcamping”启下，是下文的总起，故D符合题意。40. E空格处位于末段段首，本文又是夹叙夹议的文章，很大可能是文章的总结概括句。分析上下文，找关键词句：根据下文Itmustbetruethatsoonerorlater,everyonefindshisorherwaybacktonature.Irecommendthatyoufindyourwayinstyle.”可知，作者希望每个人能找到适合自己的回归自然的方法，而根据上文可知作者回归自然的方式就是露营。对照选项匹配：E项“ImustsaythatIhavecertainlycometo

9、enjoycamping.（我必须得承认我真的开始享受露营）”既是对文章第一段中作者态度转变的一个总结，也很好地衔接了下文。过关检测（限时：20分钟）（2019湖南株洲质检一）Riseandshine!Morningtimejustbecameyournewbestfriend.Loveitorhateit,usingthemornjnghoursbeforeworkmaybethekeytoasuccessfulandhealthylifestyle._1_Inaddition,thehealthbenefitsforthosewithalifebeforeworkgoonandon.Let

10、'sexplore4ofthethingssuccessfulpeopledobefore8am.Exercise.Mostpeoplethatworkoutdaily,workoutinthemorning.Exercisingbeforeworkgivesyouanincreaseofenergyforthedayandasenseofaccomplishment.Evenifyouaren'tbrighteyedandbushytailedatthethoughtofa5amjog,trywakingup15minutesearlyforaquickbedsideseto

11、fpushupsorstretching._2_MapOutYourDay.Maximizeyourpotentialbymappingoutyourschedulefortheday,aswellasyourgoalsandtodos.Themorningisagoodtimeforthisasitisoftenoneoftheonlyquiettimesapersongetsthroughouttheday.Theearlyhoursfostereasierreflectionthathelpswhenprioritizing（优先）youractivities.3Visualizeyou

12、rday.4Themorningistheperfecttimetospendsomequiettimeinsideyourmindplanningorvisualizing.Takeamomenttovisualizeyourdayaheadofyou,focusingonthesuccessesyouwillhave.Evenjustaminuteofvisualizationandpositivethinkingcanhelpimproveyourmoodandoutlookonyourworkloadfortheday.5Weallhavethatoneitemonourtodolis

13、tthatwefear.Ittroublesyouallday（orweek）untilyoufinallydoitaftermuchprocrastination（拖延）.Insteadofanticipatingtheunpleasantnessofitfromfirstcoffeethroughyourlunchbreak,dothatleastdesirabletaskonyourlistfirst.Themorningisthetimewhenyouaregenerallymorewellrestedandyourenergylevelisup.Therefore,youaremor

14、ewellequippedtohandlemoredifficultprojects.Lookatitthisway,andyourdaywillgetprogressivelyeasier,nottheotherwayaround.Bythetimeyourworkdayisending,you'rewindingdownwitheasiertodosandheadingintoyourfreetimemorerelaxed.Success!A. ConnectSocially.B. MakeYourDayTopHeavy.C. It'llhelpwakeupyourbody

15、,andprepareyouforyourday.D. Whilescheduling,don'tforgetaboutyourphysicalhealth.E. Morningpeoplehavebeenfoundtobemoreactiveandmoreproductive.F. Theyalsoallowforuninterruptedproblemsolvingwhentryingtofiteverythingintoyourtimetable.G. Thesedayswetalkaboutourphysicalhealthendlessly,butsometimesourme

16、ntalhealthgetsoverlooked.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，作者讲述了早上时间的重要性和成功人士在早上8点之前做的4件事。1. .E上文讲早晨时间的重要性，下文探索成功人士在早上8点之前做的4件事。E项：人们发现早起的人更活跃、更有效率。承上启下且与前后句之间形成递进关系，故选Eo2. C本段讲早起锻炼的重要性和好处。设空处为细节题，呈上，指出这样做的好处。C项：它会唤醒你的身体，为你的一天做好准备。是早起锻炼的好处，符合本段内容。故选Co3. F本段讲早上合理安排你的日程和目标计划的好处，F项：当你试图把所有事情都安排在你的时间表上时，它们也有助于不间断地解决问题，符合本段

17、内容，另外此处有代词线索，They指代的是上文的Theearlyhours故选F。4. G本段小标题为：设想你的一天。下文提到仅仅是1分钟的设想和积极的思考也可以帮助改善你的心情。G项提醒我们在重视身体健康的同时注重心理健康，符合本段内容，故选Go5. B本空为段落小标题。根据本段的1.dothatleastdesirabletaskonyourlistfirst.Themorningisthetimewhenyouaregenerallymorewellrestedandyourenergylevelisup.”可知，在早上精力充沛时把最不想做的事完成。B项表达了此意，故选Bo（2019辽宁

18、葫产岛高三上期末）USCityBansTextingWhileWalkingParentsusuallyteachtheirchildrenhowtocrossthestreetsafely,bylookingbothwaysforcars.Butdotheyalsoteachthemtoputawaytheircellphones?ThecityofHonolulu,Hawaiiwantseveryonetolearnthatlesson._1_BeginningonOctober24,youcouldbefinedfrom$15to$99ifyoustepintoaHonolulustre

19、etwhilelookingatyourphone.HonoluluisthefirstmajorUScitytobanwhatiscalled“distracted（分散注意”.Itrecentlypassedalawinaseventotwovote.Thelawsays:"Nopedestrianshallcrossastreetorhighwaywhileviewingamobileelectronicdevice."_2_Thelaw'screatorshopeitwilllowerthenumberofpeoplehitandkilledbycarsin

20、thecity.MayorKirkCaldwelltoldReutersnewsagency,“Weholdtheunfortunatedistinction（区另U）ofbeingamajorcitywithmorepedestriansbeinghitinThelawincludesallelectronicdeviceswithscreens:cellphones,tables,gamingdevices,digitalcamerasandlaptopcomputers._3_Pedestriansmayusesuchdevicesinthestreettocallemergencyse

21、rvicesandrescueworkers,suchasfirefightersandpoliceofficers._4_TheGovernorsHighwaySafetyAssociation,orGHSA,sayspedestriandeathsintheUnitedStatesincrease25percentbetween2010and2015.Thattrendcontinuedin2016withthenumberofpedestriandeathsrisingtoalmost6,000,11%higherthanin2015.Ifyoustillwanttotextwhilew

22、alking,youcouldavoidbeingfinedinHonolulu（andbesafer,ingeneral）byusingavoicecontrolleddigital（数字的）assistantsuchasSiriorGoogleAssistant._5_A. Thelawdoespermitanexception.B. Oryoucouldjustwaituntilyouareagain,safely,offthestreet.C. Youwillbesentencedtoprisonwhileusingcellphonesinthestreet.D. Pedestrian

23、deathshavebeenincreasingastheuseofcellphonesrises.E. Textingwhilecrossingthestreetwillsoonbebannedinthecity.F. ThelawpermitspeopletowatchTVwhilecrossingthestreet.G. Inotherwords,donotlookatascreenwhenyoucrossthestreetoryoucouldbefined.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文，讲述了随着手机使用量的增加，行人死亡人数不断增加。为了减少事故，美国城市颁布了禁止走路时发手机信息的法

24、律。1. .E本文主要讲美国城市禁止走路时发手机信息。下旬“BeginningonOctober24,youcouldbefinedfrom$15to$99ifyoustepintoaHonolulustreetwhilelookingatyourphone.是规定的具体内容。E项：过马路时发短信很快就会被禁止，与下旬形成递进关系，故选Eo2. G上旬Nopedestrianshallcrossastreetorhighwaywhileviewingamobileelectronicdevice.”是法律规定，G项：换句话说，当你过马路的时候不要看屏幕，否则你会被罚款，是对上旬的进一步解释，故

25、选Go3. A上旬讲在街上不允许使用的电子设备包括哪些，下句讲但是可以用这些设备呼叫紧急服务。说明有例外的情况。A项：法律允许例外。承上启下连接前后，故选Ao4. D本空为总结概括句。本段主要讲述美国行人死亡率持续上涨的情况，D项：随着手机使用量的增加，行人死亡人数也在不断增加，说明了这一情况，故选D。5. B本段讲如果走路时想用手机，为了避免被罚款可以使用声控设备。B项：或者你可以一直等到安全地离开街道，与上句并列，是另外一种解决办法。故选Bo强化特训7七选五（三）（限时：32分钟）1HowtoagewellGettingolderisinevitable,butyoucanslowthed

26、eclineofagingwithsmartchoicesalongtheway.Fromthefoodsyoueatandhowyouexercisetoyourfriendships,theyallhaveaneffectonhowfastorslowyourbodyages._1_Losejustalittlebitofweight.Smallchangesinbodyweightcanhaveabigimpactonhealthrisks.2Whilewe'dlovetoloseourextrapounds,it'seasiertostartwithafiveperce

27、ntweightlossgoalandkeepon.Avoidprocessedmeats.3Anumberofstudieshavefoundassociationsbetweeneatingalotofprocessedmeatsandpoorhealth.Otherresearchhasimplicatedprocessedmeatsareinahigherriskforcancer.Buttherewasnoincreaseinriskassociatedwitheatingunprocessedredmeat._4_Thebesteatingstrategyforagingwelli

28、stoskipprocessedfoodsanddrinks.Thatwillimmediatelyreduceaddedsugarsfromyourdiet.Onceyoucutoutpackagedfoods,youwillstarteatingalotmorefruitsandvegetables,leanmeatsandfishandwholegrains._5_Meanwhile,investinanewpairofwalkingshoes,agymmembershiporadelicioushealthymealwithyourfamilyandlovedones.Alloftho

29、searelikelytodomuchforyouremotionalandphysicalhealth.A. Skippackagedfoods.B. Savethemoneyyouwouldspendonrichfood.C. Andthegoodnewsisthatit'snevertoolatetogetstarted.D. Thishasbeenshowninnumerousstudiestobegoodforyou.E. There'ssomeevidencethatvitaminB12isgoodfortheagingbrain.F. Losingjustfive

30、percentofyourbodyweighthasbeenshowntoreduceyourriskfordiabetesandheartdisease.G. Processedmeatslikehotdogsandsausageshavebeensalted,curedorsmokedtoimprovepreservation.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。作者针对如何减缓衰老这一问题给出了自己的建议。1. .C根据上文“Fromthefoodsyoueatandhowyouexercisetoyourfriendships,theyallhaveaneffectonhowfastorslo

31、wyourbodyages可知,此句是在讲述影响衰老的因素，故C项（好消息是现在开始还不晚。）可以承接该句。2. F根据下文“Whilewe'dlovetoloseourextrapounds,it'seasiertostartwithafivepercentweightlossgoalandkeepon可知，F项（减少5%的体重，就会降低糖尿病和心脏病的风险。）符合语境。故选F。3. G根据下文“Anumberofstudieshavefoundassociationsbetweeneatingalotofprocessedmeatsandpoorealth.可知，此处G项（

32、加工肉像热狗和香肠等为了便于保存，已经被盐腌或熏过。)符合语境。故选Go4. A根据下文Thebesteatingstrategyforagingwellistoskipprocessedfoodsanddrinks，可知，这一段的标题是“不吃包装食品”。故选A。5. D本段讲述最好的进食策略是不吃加工食品和不喝饮料，多吃水果和蔬菜、瘦肉、鱼和全谷物。这些防止衰老的方法应该是经过研究证实的，是对人的健康有好处的。故选D。2Intheageofthekeyboard,somepeopleseemtothinkhandwritinglessonsareonthewayout.SteveGraham

33、,aliteracyprofessoratVanderbiltUniversityinNashville,Tennessee,hasbeenhearingaboutthedeathofhandwritingforthepastfifteenyears.1 Hesaid,“Iftheresultsofasurveywehavepublishedthisyearareaccurate,itisbeingtaughtbyaboutninetypercentofteachersingradesonetothree.Ninetypercentofteachersalsosaytheyarerequire

34、dtoteachhandwriting._2_ProfessorGrahamsaysonestudypublishedthisyearfoundthataboutthreeoutofeveryfourteacherssaytheyarenotpreparedtoteachhandwriting.3Othersteachitforsixtytoseventyminutesaday.Manyadultsrememberlearningthatwaybycopyinglettersoverandoveragain.4Manyexpertsalsothinkhandwritingshouldnotbe

35、taughtonlywithitself.Instead,theysayitshouldbeusedasawaytogetstudentstoexpressideas.5Teacherscommonlyreportthataboutonefourthoftheirstudentshavepoorhandwriting.Somepeoplemightthinkhandwritingisnotimportantanymorebecauseofcomputersandvoicerecognition俣另U)programs.A. Soisitstillbeingtaught?B. Afterall,

36、thatiswhywewrite.C. Nowadaysteacherspaymoreandmoreattentiontotheirstudents'writing.D. Butwhocaresifpeopleknowhowtowritewell?E. Butstudieshaveyettoanswerthequestionofhowwelltheyareteachingit.F. Today'sthinkingisthatshortperiodsofpracticesarebetter.G. Hesayssometeachersteachhandwritingfortento

37、fifteenminutesaday.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了在电脑时代，学校教授书法的现状研究。1. .A根据下文中的“itisbeingtaughtbyaboutninetypercentofteachersingradesonetothree可知，空处应表示对是否要教学生书法的疑问，故A项符合语境。2. E根据下文第四段第一句话可知，此处表示对研究结果的进一步分析，故E项符合语境。3. G根据下文中的“OthersteachitforsixtytoseventyminutesadaW知,此处表示一些老师教授书法的时间，所以G项符合语境。4. F根据语境可知，空处与上文的

38、“Manyadultsrememberlearningthatwaybycopyinglettersoverandoveragain.”形成对比，并与下文的Manyexpertsalsothinkhandwritingshouldnotbetaughtonlywith让self.“呼应，止匕处讲述的是学书法的方法的今昔差异，故F项符合语境。5. B根据语境可知，空处承接上文中的“Instead,theysayitshouldbeusedasawaytogetstudentstoexpressideasy此处表示表达想法正是我们练习书法的原因，所以B项符合语境。3CowboysintheUSCo

39、wboysplayedanimportantroleinthesettlingoftheWest.Ranching牧场经营）wasabigindustryandcowboyshelpedtoruntheranches._1_Theround-upEachspringandfallthecowboyswouldworkonthe“round-up”._?_Cattlewouldwalkfreelymuchoftheyearandthenthecowboyswouldneedtobringthemin.Inordertotellwhatcattlebelongedtotheirranch,thec

40、attlewouldhaveaspecialmarkburnedintothemcalleda.“brand”Horseandsaddle（马鞍）Themostimportantitemofanycowboywashishorseandsaddle.Thesaddleswereoftencustom-made侬带U的）and,nexttohishorse,probablythemostvaluableitemacowboyowned.一3ClothingCowboysworespecialclothingthathelpedthemwiththeirjobs.Theyworelarge10ga

41、llonhatstoprotectthemfromthesunandtherain.Theyworespecialcowboybootsthathelpedthemtogetinandoutofthestirrups（马镂）whenridingahorse._4_Manycowboysworechapsontheoutsidesoftheirlegstohelpprotectthemfromsharpbushesthattheirhorsemayrubupagainst.Cowboycode_5_Thecodeincludedsuchrulesasbeingpoliteandrespectfu

42、l,alwayssaying“howdy；notwavingatamanonahorse（youshouldnod）,neverridinganotherman'shorsewithouthispermission,alwayshelpingsomeoneinneed,andneverputtingonanotherman'shat.A. Theyherdedcattle,repairedbuildings,andtookcareofthehorses.B. ThecowboysoftheOldWesthadanunwrittencodethattheylivedby.C. T

43、hiswaswhenthecowboyswouldbringinallthecattlefromtheopenranch.D. Horsesweresoimportantthatanyonecaughtstealingahorsewasusuallyhanged!E. Theirclothinggrewoutofpracticalneedandtheenvironmentinwhichtheyworked.F. Thiswasespeciallyimportantiftheyfell,sotheywouldn'tgetdraggedbytheirhorse.G. Theyhavedee

44、phistoricrootsdatingbacktotheearliestEuropeansettlersofAmerica.篇章导读：本文是一篇说明文。文章介绍了西部牛仔的工作、装束及要遵守的规则。H. .A根据上文“Ranching儆场经营）wasabigindustryandcowboyshelpedtoruntheranches.”可知，牛仔们要负责经营牧场。A项“他们放牧牛群，修缮房屋，照顾马匹。”进一步解释了他们具体的工作内容。I. C根据上文“Eachspringandfallthecowboyswouldworkonthe'roundup'.”可知，每年春秋季节

45、牛仔们都会将牛群聚集到一起。C项Thiswaswhen.”与前面的时间相呼应。J. D根据此段的小标题可知，本段介绍的是牛仔的马及马鞍。前面在介绍马鞍，此处介绍马，故选D。K. F根据上文“Theyworespecialcowboybootsthathelpedthemtogetinandoutofthestirrups吕镂）whenridingahorse.”可知，牛仔骑马时会穿特殊的靴子，以方便他们的脚容易进出马镂。F项“这一点特别重要，因为如果他们摔倒了，他们就不会被他们的马拖拽。”承接上文，符合行文逻辑。S. B根据本段小标题Cowboycode可知，本段主要介绍牛仔们要遵守的规则。B

46、项“古老西部的牛仔有一个他们要遵循的不成文的规则。”符合文意。4WewerehighinthemountainsofXishuangbanna,asfarsouthasyoucangetinYunnan,skirtingthebordersofMyanmarandLaos.Thedrivewastypical,textbookbeauty:mountainsthickwithrubbertreeforests,Pu'erteaplantationsandbananapalmsandtinyDaivillages.Hiddenamongthefieldsofgreen,Ispotteda

47、noddcollectionofwoodenboxesnearatentonthesideoftheroad._1_WehadrunintothecurrenthomeofWeiDajing,a1户yearoldapprentice序徒）beekeeperwhowasmanninghishives.Weiwasfreshtothebeekeepinglife,andhadbeenonthejobforjusttwomonthsandwasheretolearnfromamasterbeekeeper.Theirtentandhivesetuparealwaystemporary.2Thisparticularspotwasstationedatasunnypatchofyellowflowers.“Oncetheseflowersdie,therubbertreeswillbeflowering,sowewillmovetowardsthem,“hetoldSam.Likethievesinthenight,thebeekeeperswillstealthilypackuptheirhivesinthedarkoncethebeesgotosleep.“Theyaremostactivearoundmiddaywhentheyarecollectingth