新人教版新目标初二下英语同步知识梳理及习题含答案unit10

1、Iehadthisbikeforthreeyears.、同步知识梳理1. -Howlonghaveyouhadthatbikethere?-Ihavehaditforthreeyears.归纳拓展：(1) howlong,howsoon,howoften,howfarHowlong多久，多长(时间)。对时间段提问，如：for+时间段；since+过去的时间点。e.g.-HowlonghaveyouworkedinBeijing?-Forfiveyears.Howsoon多久以后。对“in时间段提问，常用于一般将来时”，其答语常用“in时间段”。e.g.-HowsoonwillMr.Libeba

2、ck?-Inaweek.Howoften多久一次，对频率提问，其答语为：once(twice/)+时间段，always,usually等。e.g.-Howoftendoyouexercise?-Onceaday.Howfar多远，对距离提问，其答语是表距离的内容。e.g.-Howfarisitfromheretoyourschool?-Threekilometers.(2) 辨析：for与sincefor其后只能接表示一段时间”的名词性短语，可用于多种时态，表示动作或状态持续时间段长短。e.g.Ihavelivedinthiscityforfiveyears.我在这座城市居住了5年了。Heus

3、uallysleepsfortwelvehourseveryday.他通常每天睡12个小时。since其后接表示时间点的短语或从句（过去时），也可以接一段时间+ago”，常用于完成时态；还用于句型：“Itis+寸间段+since+般过去时的句子”。表示过去某个时间发生并持续到说话时的动作或状态。e.g.ItistwoyearssinceIcametoChina.自从我到中国以来已经两年了。Shehasworkedhereforfiveyears.=Shehasworkedheresincefiveyearsago.她在这儿工作5年了。即学即用：1. haveyoubeenlearnEnglis

4、h.IhavebeenlearnEnglishforsixyears.A.HowlongB.HowoftenC.Howfar2. _canyoubeready,Andy?Intenminutes.AHowmuchBHowoftenCHowlongDHowsoon3. yogurtdoyouneed?j?g?t酸乳酪Threecups.A.HowlongB.HowfarC.HowlongD.Howmuch4. XiaoWang,willittaketoflytoGuangzhou?Sorry,Idonotknow.A.howfarB.howsoonC.howmanyD.howlong5. 用fo

5、r/since填空1) HehaslivedinNanjingtheyearbeforelast.2) .Ivkenownhimwewerechildren.3) OurteacherhasstudiedJapanesethreeyears.4) Shehasbeenawayfromthecityabouttenyears.5) Itasbouttenyearssheleftthecity.参考答案：ADDDsince/since/for/for/since2. Jeffsfamilhyaivsingayardsale.归纳拓展：(1)sale用作名词，意为“出售，销售”，onsale意为“出

6、售，上市”；forsale意为“待售，供出售”，尤指从主人手里出售。e.g.Chickensareonsaleinthemarket.小鸡在市场上出售。Imsorry,itsnotforsale.抱歉，它不出售。即学即用：Wesellsthepenagoodprice.Theyareonfor5yuan.Aat,sellBin,saleCwith,sellDat,sale参考答案：D3. Amythinksitshardtosellheroldthings.艾米认为卖掉她的旧东西很难。归纳拓展：(1)itis+adj.+forsb.todosth.意为对某人来说做某事是”;itis+adj.+

7、ofsb.todosth.意为“某人做某事，”。注：forsb.与ofsb.的辨别方法：forsb.句型中的形容词一般用表示客观形式的形容词，如easy,hard,difficult,interesting,impossible等。ofsb.句型中的形容词一般用表示人物的性格，品德，或表示主观感情或态度的形容词，如good,kind,nice,clever,foolish,right等。(3)ofsb.句型中sb.为此句的逻辑主语，且此句可转换为动词不定式作状语的句子，女口Itisniceofyoutoinvitemetoyourparty.=Youarenicetoinvitemetoyou

8、rparty.forsb.句型则不能作此转换。即学即用：(1) Itisniceyoutohelpmeoutofthetrouble.(2) Itiseasyyoutolearnhowtoswim.(3) Ioftenhavehamburgersforlunch.-Youdbetternot.Itsbadforyoutoomuchjunkfood.A.eatB.toeatC.eatingD.ate参考答案：of/for/B4. Wehavealreadyclearedoutalotofthingsfromourbedrooms.归纳拓展：(1)clearv.清理；清除clearout清理；丢掉

9、(2)clearadj.晴朗的即学即用:Iftheskyisc,thereisnorainsandnoclouds.翻译：我要替你把那个小衣橱清理出来参考答案：clear/IIIclearoutthatclosetforyou.5. Wehavedecidedtoeachsellfivethingsthatwenolongeruse.归纳拓展：(1) noIonger意为不再；不复”，有时可用notanyIonger如：(2) nomore不再；不复”，强调次数上的不再，可以与notanymore替换即学即用：Henolongerliveshere.=Heher.他不再住这儿了。Idontwa

10、nttoseeyou.我再也不想见到你了。MyunclehasmovedtoBeijing.Hedoesntlivehere.A.atallB.anyIongerC.nomoreD.anytime参考答案：doesntlive/anyIonger/anymoe/B6. Mydaughterwasmoreunderstanding,althoughshealsofeltsadtopartwithcertaintoys.归纳拓展：1) certainadj.意为某种的”。e.g.Hedecidedtosellhiscertainbooks.他决定卖掉他的某些书籍。2) certain形容词，意为确

11、实的，无疑的”。常用结构：becertaintodosth.肯定要做某事becertainof/aboutsth.对某事确定、有把握becertainofdoingsth.有把握做某事becertain+从句一定3) partwith放弃、交出，partv.离开，分开即学即用：翻译：1.他对成功很有把握2. 不要放弃你的梦想tpartiwdtieam.参考答案：Hefeltquitecertainofsuccess./Don7. Asforme,Ididnotwanttogiveupmyfootballshirts,but,tobehonest,Ihavenotplayedforawhilen

12、ow.归纳拓展：1) asfor至于，关于e.g.Andasforus,wearefortunate.可对我们来说，我们是幸运的。2) tobehonest意为说实在的，说实话”，经常单独使用，作插入语，用逗号与句子隔开。类似的表达还有totellthetruth老实说“，说实话”。e.g.Tobehonest,sheisnotanhonestgirl.说实话，她不是一个诚实的女孩。honest为形容词，意为“诚实的；老实的”。反义词为dishonest不诚“实的”。e.g.Anhonestmandoesnottelllies.诚实的人不会说谎。3) whilen.一段时间，一会儿while还

13、可用作连词，引导时间状语从句，意为当的时候”，while引导的时间状语从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。e.g.Theychatteredawayhappilyforawhile.他们高兴地闲扯了一会儿。Hekeptintouchwithuswhilehewasonvacation.他在度假期间仍与我们保持联系。即学即用：1. MybestfriendTomishonestboy.Youcanbelievehim.A.aB.anC.theD./2. 用when或者while填空1) .Margowastalkingonthephone,hersisterwalkedin.2) .wevisited

14、theschool,thechildrenwereplayinggames.3) Jakewaswaitingatthedoor,anoldwomancalledtohim.4) .IsawCarlos,hewaswearingagreenshirt.5) .Allenwascleaninghisroom,thephonerang.参考答案：B/1.while2.when3.while4.when5.while8. Nowadays,millionsofChineseleavethecountrysidetosearchforworkinthecities.归纳拓展：(1)Search用作不及

15、物动词时，意为搜索；搜查”短语searchfor意为搜寻，找寻”e.g.Heissearchingforhissunglasses.他正在找他的太阳镜。作及物动词，意为在搜查”或搜查”e.g.Theysearchedtheforestforthelostchild.他们在森林里寻找那个走失的小孩。即学即用：用searchfor/search的适当形式填空1.Sheisherpen.2.Thepolicearethehousetotheboy.参考答案：searching/searchingfor,search9. AmongtheseisZhangWei,a46-year-oldhusband

16、andfather归纳拓展：（1）among在三者或三者以上之间，between在两者之间（2）a46-year-oldhusbandandfather意为一位46岁的丈夫和父亲”相当于ahusbandandfatherof46yearsold.four-year-old是一个复合形容词，特点一是数词、名词、形容词之间要用连字符连接，二是数词后的名词用单数形式。e.g.Tomisa10-year-oldboy.=Tomisaboyof10yearsold.汤姆是一个10岁的男孩。Lilyisan8-year-oldgirl.莉莉是一个8岁的女孩即学即用：1. Tomsitsthestudent

17、s.汤姆坐在学生之间。2. TomsitsMaryandFrank.汤姆坐在玛丽和弗兰克之间3.1dontbelievethatthisboycanpaintsuchanicepicture.A. fiveyearsoldB.five-years-oldC.five-year-old参考答案：among/between/C10. consider动词，意为考虑”=thinkabout，后跟名词，代词，动名词，宾语从句或疑问词+不定式”。归纳拓展：（1）e.g.Pleaseconsidermysuggestion.请考虑我的建议。Iamconsideringchangingmyjob.我正在考虑

18、换份工作。Hehasneverconsideredhowtosolvetheproblem他从未考虑过如何解决那个问题。(2)在与动词连用时，只能用动名词形式的动词或短语有:consider考虑”enjoy喜爱”practice练习”keep(on)继续(一直)mind介意”finish完成”havefun咼兴feellike想要”lookforwardto盼望”canthelp禁不住”giveup放弃”歌诀：喜欢错过别介意，完成愉快勤练习，禁不住考虑想放弃即学即用：1. -Canyougivemesomeinformationaboutvacationtrips?-Whynotgoingto

19、HainanIsland?A.considerB.mindC.keepD.think参考答案：A现在完成时复习：专题训练单项选择。1、Bothhisparentslooksad.Maybetheys_h_awphpaetnedtohim.A.knewB.haveknownC.mustknowD.willknow2、HehasbeentoShanghai,hashe?A.alreadyB.neverC.everD.still3、HaveyoumetMrLi？_A.justB.agoC.beforeD.Amomentago4、Thefamouswriteronenewbookinthepasttw

20、oyear.A.iswritingB.waswritingC.wroteD.haswritten5、Ourcountryalotsofar.Yes.Ihopeitwillbeeven.A.haschanged;wellB.changed;goodC.haschanged;betterD.changed;better6、ZhaoLanalreadyinthisschoolfortwoyears.A.was;studyingB.will;studyC.has;studiedD.are;studying7、WeXiaoLisinceshewasalittlegirl.A.knowB.hadknown

21、C.haveknownD.knew8、HarryPotterisaverynicefilm.Iittwice.A.willseeB.haveseenC.sawD.see9、ThesefarmershavebeentotheUnitedStates.Really?Whenthere?A.willtheygoB.didtheygoC.dotheygoD.havetheygone10、you_yourhomeworkyet?Yes.Iitamomentago.A.Did;do;finishedB.Have;done;finishedC.Have;done;havefinishedD.will;do;

22、finish11、HisfatherthePartysince1978.A.joinedB.hasjoinedC.wasinD.hasbeenin12、Doyouknowhimwell?Sure.Wefriendssincetenyearsago.A.wereB.havebeenC.havebecomeD.havemade13、HowlonghaveyouhereAbouttwomonths.A.beenB.goneC.comeD.arrived14、Hurryup!Theplayfortenminutes.A.hasbegunB.hadbegunC.hasbeenonD.began15、Ittenyearssinceheleftthearmy.A.isB.hasC.willD.wasD.ha