chapter5凝练翻译法

1、第五单元 凝练翻译法5.1 翻译理论介绍 凝练翻译法：凝练翻译法： “凝练”即紧凑简练，“紧凑”即“密切连接，中间没有多余的东西或空隙”。“简练”的意思是“（措辞）简要；精练”。简而言之，就是做到“文约而意丰”。凝练译法又叫减词译法：凝练译法又叫减词译法： 减词是指将原文中需要、而译文中又不需要的词语省去。 减省的词语应是那些在译文中保留下来反而使行文累赘噜嗦、且不合汉语语言表达习惯的词语。 凝练或减词一般用于以下两种情况：一是从语法角度进行减省；二是从修饰角度进行减省。一、从语法角度进行减省 英汉两种语言在语法上差异较大，例如： 英语有冠词，而汉语却没有； 英语重形合、连接词较多，汉语重意合

2、、连接词较少； 英语中介词丰富，汉语中介词则较少； 英语中经常使用代词，尤其是经常使用人称代词、关系代词等，而汉语中代词则用得较少； 5.2 翻译方法讲解 因此，英译汉时可根据具体情况将冠词、连接词、介词、代词略去，使译文练达晓畅。例如：1. We are a state-operated corporation handling light industrial products. 译文：我们是经营轻工业产品的国营公司。（省略冠词）2. Smoking is not allowed in the store-house. 译文：仓库重地，严禁吸烟。（省略介词） 3. As this item

3、 is handled by our Shanghai Office, please get in touch with them directly. 译文：此项商品是上海公司经营，请与他们直接联系。 （省略连词） 4. If winter comes, can spring be far behind? 译文：冬天来了，春天还会远吗？ （省略连词） 5. When we made delivery to the buyers, they refused it on seeing the damaged condition. 译文：我们向买方交货时，他们见到残损情况拒绝收货。 6. We be

4、lieve we can persuade users to divert their purchases to Chinese products. 译文：我们相信能说服用户转而购买中国产品。7. He shrugged his shoulders, shook his head, cast up his eyes, but said nothing. 译文：他耸耸肩，摇摇头，两眼看天，一句话不说。8. It is time for lunch. 译文：该到吃饭的时间了。 9. It was he who telephoned me yesterday. 译文：是他昨天给我来的电话。（省略代词

5、） 10. When the pressure gets low, the boiling point becomes low. 译文：气压低，沸点就低。（省略动词） 11. If you write to him, the response would be absolute silence and void. 译文：你写信给他，永远是石沉大海。（省略连词） 13. Use your head, and youll find a way. 译文：动动脑子，你就有办法了。（省略连词） 14. Stainless steel possesses good hardness and high st

6、rength. 译文：不锈钢硬度大，强度高。 15. He deserves not the sweet that will not taste the sour. 译文：不吃苦中苦，难得甜上甜。 16. He sat down and began talking incessantly. 译文：他坐下滔滔不绝地讲个没完。 17. The Chinese government has always attached great importance to environment protection. 译文：中国政府历来重视环境保护工作。 二、从修饰角度进行减省 有些词语在英语里是必不可少的，

7、但在汉语中却并非如此，如直译成汉语则往往显得累赘噜嗦。为了使译文简洁晓畅、“文约而意丰”，这样的词语必须省去或是精简。 例如： 1. I felt a trifle shy at the thought of presenting myself to a total stranger with the announcement that I was going to sleep under his roof, eat his food and drink his whisky, till another boat came in to take me to the port for which

8、 I was bound. 译文：我要去见一个素不相识的陌生人，向他宣布我得住在他家、吃他的、喝他的，一直等到下一班船到来，把我带到我要去的港口为止想到这儿，我真有点不好意思了。 2. To learn is not an easy matter and to apply what one has learned is even harder. 译文：学习不容易，使用更加不容易。 5.3 翻译练习:1. There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead.2. You are reques

9、ted to inform us which one of the three types is of interest to you.3. He who has never reached the Great Wall is not a true man.4. The above information is given confidentially and without responsibility on our part.5. We are well acquainted with the market condition in Japan.6. The quality does no

10、t suit the purpose.7. We hope you will bid for this article if you have interest in it.8. Will you kindly reconsider your previous decision and mail us a check to cover the gap in our profit margin which resulted from your late delivery.9. The price of the products should be fixed by the two parties

11、 at a level that will bring profit to both. 10. Their respective destinies are becoming increasingly interdependent.11. The purpose of insurance is to provide protection against financial loss at a reasonable cost.12. No man can be brave who considers pain the greatest evil of life; or temperate, wh

12、o regards pleasure as the highest good.参考译文： There was no snow, the leaves were gone from the trees, and the grass was dead. 天未下雪，但叶落草枯。2. You are requested to inform us which one of the three types is of interest to you. 三种类型中你对哪种有兴趣、请告知。3. He who has never reached the Great Wall is not a true man.

13、不到长城非好汉。4. The above information is given confidentially and without responsibility on our part.对以上情况请保守秘密，我方对此不负责任。 5. 这种饮料男女老少皆宜。This drink is suitable for men and women, old and young.6. Speed and reliability are the chief advantages of the electronic computers.速度快，可靠性高是电子计算机的主要优点。7. We hope you

14、will bid for this article if you have interest in it.贵方若对此货有兴趣，望出盘。 8. Will you kindly reconsider your previous decision and mail us a check to cover the gap in our profit margin which resulted from your late delivery.请重新考虑你们的决定，并寄来支票，以弥补你方晚到货而造成的损失。9. The price of the products should be fixed by the two parties at a level that will bring profit to both.产品价格应由双方共同商定，需照顾到双方的利益。 10. Their respective destinies are becoming increasingly interdependent.他们的命运日益休戚相关。11. The purpose of insurance is to provide protection against financial loss at a rea