2014年长安大学大地测量与测量学工程复 试

1、2014年长安大学大地测量与测量学工程复试（笔试题目）一、专业术语释义（每小题3分，共10题）1、天经2、地纬3、平面子午线收敛角4、大地水准面差距5、弧度测量6高程基准面7重力位函数8、球面角超9、卯酉圈10、岁差二、简答题（每小题7分，共8题）1、水准面为何不平行？2、何为大地线？大地线有什么性质？地球椭球面上的两点间的大地线与相应的法截弧有何关系？3、正高、正常高、力高有何不同？4、如何进行椭球定位定向？5、确定地球形状的方法？6、如何选择工程测量的投影面和投影带？7、何为勒让德定理？8、如何进行高斯平面坐标系的换带计算？三、推证题（每小题15分，共2题）1、绘图并推导（X、y、z）到（

2、L,B,H）的转换关系2、白塞尔基本思想和计算步骤四、论述题（每小题17分，共2题）1、如何将地面控制网的元素（天文经度、天文纬度、天文方位角、斜距、水平方向值）归算为高斯平面上平面控制网的元素？2、测量工作工作者在新世纪面临的机遇和挑战是什么？自我介绍（一）Goodmorning,mydearteachers,mydearprofessors.Iamverygladtobehereforyourinterview.mynameisSongYonghao,Iam22yearsold.IcomefromLuoyang,averybeautifulaicentcity.myundergratuad

3、eperiodwillbeaccomplishedinChang'anUniversityinJuly,2004.Andnow,IamtryingmybestforobtainingakeytoTongjiUniversity.Generallyspeaking,IamahardworkingstudentespeciallydothethingIaminterestedin.Iwilltrymybesttofinishitnomatterhowdifficultitis.Wheniwassophomore,Ifoundwebdesignveryinteresting,soIlearn

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5、ncentrateonmystudyandsucceededintheend.Well,inmysparetime,Ilikebasketball,tennisandchinesechess.Alsoenglishismyfavorate.Ioftengotoenglishcornertopractisemyoralenglishoneverythursday,andwritecompositionstoimprovemywittenability.ButIknowmyenglishisnotgoodenough,Iwillcontinuestudying.Ok,thatisall,thank

6、youforyourattention.（二）Goodmorning,everyone!Iamgladtobehereforthisinterview.First,letmeintroducemyselftoyou.MynameisQinJiayin.IwasbornonApril23,1981.Iamalocalperson.IamgraduatingfromxxUniversitythisJune.ImajorinChineseliterature.IhopeIcouldgettheopportunitytofinishmypostgraduatecoursesinJilinUnivers

7、itywhichIhavedesiredforalongtime.IhavetheconfidencebecauseIhavesuchability!Iamagirlwhoisfervent,outgoingandcreative.Atthesametime,IthinkIamquickinmindandcarefulineverything.Iamlookingforwardtomypostgraduatestudiesandlife.Iwillsoonprovethatyourdecisionofchoosingmeisthewisest.Thankyouforgivingmesuchav

8、aluableopportunity!（三）Goodmorning.Iamgladtobehereforthisinterview.Firstletmeintroducemyself.MynameisXX,24.IcomefromXX,thecapitalofXXProvince.IgraduatedfromtheXXXdepartmentofXXUniversityinJuly,2001.InthepasttwoyearsIhavebeenprepareingforthepostgraduateexaminationwhileIhavebeenteachingxxinNO.1middleSc

9、hoolandIwasahead-teacherofaclassinjuniorgradetwo.NowallmyhardworkhasgotaresultsinceIhaveachancetobeinterviewbyyou.Iamopen-minded,quickinthoughtandveryfondofhistory.Inmysparetime,Ihavebroadinterestslikemanyotheryoungers.Ilikereadingbooks,especiallythoseaboutxxx.FrequentlyIexchangewithotherpeoplebymak

10、ingcommentsintheforumonline.Inaddition,duringmycollegeyears,IwasonceaNet-bartechnician.So,Ihaveacomparativegoodcommandofnetworkapplication.Iamabletooperatethecomputerwell.IamskillfulinsearchingforinformationinInternet.Iamafootballfanforyears.Italianteamismyfavorite.Anyway,Ifeelgreatpityforourcountry

11、'steam.Ialwaysbelievethatonewilleasilylagbehindunlesshekeepsonlearning.Ofcourse,ifIamgivenachancetostudyxxxinthisfamousUniversity,Iwillstarenoefforttomasteragoodcommandofadvancexxx四、Goodmorning/afternoon，mydearteachers(mydearprofessors)。Iamverygladtobehereforyourinterview.Mynameis_.Iam_yearsold.

12、Icomefrom，averybeautifulcity.MyundergraduateperiodwillbeaccomplishedinuniversityinJuly，2009.Andnow，IamtryingmybestforobtainingakeytoUniversity.Generallyspeaking，Iamahard-workingstudent.Iwilltrymybesttofinishitnomatterhowdifficultitis.WhenIwassophomore，Ifoundwebdesignveryinteresting，soIlearneditveryh

13、ard.Toweaveahomepageformyself，Istayedwithmypersonalcomputerforhalfamonth，andIamthefirstoneinmyclasswhoownhishomepage.Furthermore，Iamapersonwithgreatperseverance.Duringthedayspreparingforthefirstexamination，Iinsistonrunningeveryday，nomatterwhattheweatherwaslike.Andjustowningtothis，Icouldconcentrateonmystudyandsucceededintheend.Well，inmysparetime，Ilikebasketball，tennisandChinesechess.Also，Englishism