被动语态易错题荟萃

1、被动语态易错题荟萃一、单项选择被动语态1 In no timeby a string of measures backing Hainan s efforts to deepen reform andopening-up.A the landmark decision was followedB was the landmark decision followed C did the landmark decision follow ； D the landmark decision had been followed; 【答案】A【解析】【详解】考察句子语序。句意：在这重大决议之后会出台一系

2、列的办法来支持海南深化改革和扩大开放。In no time （立刻，马上）位于句首，句子用陈述语序，不用部分倒装。另外，该句陈述的过去的事情，因而用一般过去时，综述选A。【点睛】关于部分倒装。部分倒装，也叫不完全倒装，指的是谓语部分的be 动词，情态动词或助动词放在主语之前的结构。常见的部分倒装分以下几类：第一，否定性副词或者赋词短语，比如seldom， hardly， at no time, in no case, on no occasion 等位于句首时，比如，Hardlydoes he get late. 第二， only 修饰副词性短语谓语句首时，比如only in this way

3、 can wesucceed而本题中in no time （立刻，马上）,不是否定意义的短语，故不用部分倒装。2 At the awarding ceremony held in Tokyo, the scientists were surprised by what inscience and technology.A has discovered B has been discoveredC had discovered D had been discovered【答案】D【解析】句意：在东京举行的颁奖仪式上，科学家们惊讶于科学技术的发现。科学家们感到惊讶是过去式，故科学技术发现用过去完成

4、时，what 于动词 discover 是被动关系，故选D。3 The new library ; it will be open next year.A had been built B was builtC was being built D is being built【答案】D【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：图书馆正在建设中；明年开放。根据后面一句可推知，图书馆是正在建设中，所以要用进行时，图书馆是被建的，要用被动。所以本句要用现在进行时的被动语态。故选D。4 Later Mrs Smith decided to buy that kind of cloth because shetha

5、t the clothvery well.A has been told; washesB had been told; washedC was told; was washedD had been told; was washed【答案】B【解析】考查时态与感官动词。主句时态为过去时，而从句时态发生在主句之前，即过去的过去，故用过去完成时。像feel, smell, look, wash 等表示感官的动词不用被动语态，直接用主动语态，结合前面时态可知，应选 washed。句意：随后史密斯夫人决定买那种布，因为有人告诉她那种布很好洗。故选B。5 Many artifacts for the f

6、irst time in the National Museum at present.A were exhibited B were being exhibitedC are being exhibited D are exhibited【答案】C【解析】考查动词时态与语态。句意：许多史前古器物目前正在国家博物馆首次展出。根据时间状语 "at present可知，句子描述现在正在进行的动作，主语 artifacts与谓语exhibit之间是被动关系，故用现在进行时的被动语态。故选C。6 Did he decide to take part in the competition? Y

7、es, of course. He to.A has been encouraging B had been encouragedC has been encouraged D was to be encouraged【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意： 他决定参加比赛吗？ 是的，当然。他已经被鼓励参加比赛。根据he 和动词 encourage 之间的逻辑关系分析，此处应该使用被动形式，故先排除A项。再和第一句话的一般过去时态结合起来分析，此处应该使用过去完成时态的被动语态。故选B。7 Please wear your best clothes on Monday, as your cla

8、ss photos then.A will take B will be taken C have taken D have been taken【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：请在星期一穿上你最好的衣服，因为那时你们班将拍照。根据语境可知，动作发生在将来，并且是被动，故用一般将来时态的被动语态。故选88 When I got to his house, I found that the walls .A are being painted B are paintingC were being painted D were painting【答案】C【解析】考查过去进行时态的被动语态。

9、句意：当我到达他家的时候，我发现墙正在被粉刷。根据句意可知用过去进行时态的被动语态，故选Co9 103. When you visit our town next August, a modern sports center, for the National Games are to be held then.A. will be constructing B. will have been constructedC. has been constructing D . is being constructed【答案】B【解析】考查将来完成时态的被动语态。句意：明年八月当你访问我们城镇的时候

10、，一个 现代化的体育中心将已经被建成，因为那时全国运动会将被举行。根据时间状语nextAugust,排除C, D两项，再根据 a modern sports center和construct是被动关系，排除 A 项，用将来完成时态的被动语态。故选 B项。10 It ' s reported that China will not buy the Euro debt until some thorough research.A. has been doneB. will have been doneC. will be doneD. had been done【答案】A【解析】试题分析：

11、考查时态及语态。句意：据报道，直到一些彻底的调查研究被做出以后，中国 才会买进欧盟债务，含有not .until的状语从句，主句一般将来，从句表示已经做过研究之后，所以用完成时表示，研究与做之间又是被动关系，由此综合两者，A正确。考点：考查时态及语态11 Chinese kites in ancient times in the shape of birds.A. design B. had designedC. were designed D. have been designed【答案】C【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：在古代中国的风筝被设计成鸟的形状。根据in ancienttimes可知

12、，句子用一般过去时态，根据动词与主语是被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故选Co12 Oral English exams in China twice a year to give more chances to the students.A. has held B. will be heldC. will hold D . has been held【答案】B【解析】考查时态和语态。句意：英语口语考试将在中国每年举行两次，为的是给学生更多的机会。句中主语 Oral English exams和动词hold是被动关系，表示动作将要进行不是完 成，排除D,故选Bo13 一 Are the r

13、epairs finished yet?-Yes, they when I came back home.A would be completed B would completeC had completed D had been completed【答案】D【解析】考查被动语态。上句：修理被完成了吗？下句：是的，当我回到家的时候它们已经被完成。根据句意可知句子用过去完成时态的被动语态，故选D。14 Have you heard about that school bus accident? Yes, fortunately all on board including the driver

14、 .A were savedB was savedC have savedD has been saved【答案】A【解析】考查动词时态和语态。句意为： 你有没有听说那起校车事故？ 嗯，幸运的是，车all上所有的人包括司机都获救了。由题干中的Have you heard.可知，事故发生在过去，且为主语，和save 逻辑上构成被动关系，故用一般过去时的被动语态，故答案A 符合语境。15 A rescue worker risked his life saving two tourists who in the mountains for twodays.A are trapping B have

15、 been trappedC were trapping D had been trapped【答案】D【解析】考查语态和时态。句意：一个救援人员冒着生命危险挽救了两个被困在山里两天的旅游者。 “ who _ in the mountains for two days 是定语从句，修饰 ”two tourists ， two tourists 和trap 之间是被动关系，该空应用被动语态。由risked 可知，营救人员救游客是过去的事情，被困两天发生在营救人员救了他们之前，即“过去的过去”，该空应用过去完成时态。综上， D 选项正确。点睛：过去完成时表示过去某一时间或动作以前已经发生或完成了的

16、动作，即“过去的过去”，其表达形式为 had done,被动语态的表达形式为had been done。16 People believe that the China Dream is not very difficult so long as the wholenation works hard for it.A realizingB to be realizedC realizedD to realize【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查固定句型和语态。句意：人们相信只要全国人民一起努力中国梦不难实现。be difficultto do 结构中，若主语与其后的不定式为动宾关系，那么该不定式习

17、惯上要用主动形式表示被动意义。如：She was difficult to understand at times. 有时候她很不容易理解。能用于此结构的形容词主要有convenient, dangerous, difficult, easy, hard, impossible, interesting, nice,pleasant, safe, unpleasant 等。这类结构的特点是句子主语必须是其后不定式的逻辑宾语。故选 D。17 Many subway stations, including the one near our school, at present for a bett

18、ertransport in the city.A are constructing B are being constructed C is constructing D is being constructed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：许多地铁站，包括我们学校附近的地铁站，目前正在建设中，以便有更便利的交通。此处表示动作正在进行，句中主语Many subway stations 和动词construct 是被动关系，所以此处用现在进行时的被动，与主语一致，故选B.【点睛】现在进行时的被动结构：be + being+过去分词A number of Dongfeng t

19、rucks are being shipped abroad. 一批东风卡车正被运往国外。1) "be being done中的动词be应随主语作相应的变化。2)将现在进行时的主动语态变为现在进行时的被动语态的关键是：把be doing 变为 bebeing done.例 1. The students are cleaning the classroo m now. fThe classroom is being cleaned now.现在学生们正在打扫教室。(are cleaning 变为 is being cleaned)例 2. The boy is counting so

20、me sheep.fSome sheep are being counted.那男孩正在数羊。(is counting 变为 are being counted)18 Louis Cha (金庸) passed away. As for his achievement, there is such a comment, “ He the Nobel Prize for Literature with his written works translated into English.”A could have been rewardedB must have been rewardedC sh

21、ould be rewardedD need have been rewarded【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查情态动词+have done 用法。句意：金庸去世了，至于他的成就，有这样的评论：他本能获得诺贝尔文学奖用他的被翻译成了英语的著作。A. could have been rewarded 本可以被授予； B. must have been rewarded 一定被授予；C. should be rewarded 应该被授予；D. needhave been rewarded本必要被授予。根据语境，A选项正确。【点睛】could have done可用于肯定句、疑问句和否定句。用于肯定

22、句既可以表示过去能够做而实际未做，有惋惜、遗憾或委婉批评之意，通常译为本来可以“本来能”，也可以表示对过去动作的推测，常可译为可能（已经）”。本句表达金庸本能获得诺贝尔文学奖，但却没有获得的惋惜。故A选项正确。19 I want to buy that kind of cloth because I the cloth well.A. have told； washesB. have been told； washesC. was told； washedD. have been told; is washed【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查语态时态。句意：因为我已经被告知这种布料很好洗，于是我

23、想去买这种布。第一空 中使用现在完成时表示过去发生的事情对现在的影响，且 I与tell是被动关系，所以使用 现在完成时的被动形式。第二空中动词wash与副词well连用，用主动形式表示被动含义。故B项正确。【点睛】小题2中考查了主动表示被动的用法，涉及主语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词使用主动表示被动的用法。具体用法如下：1）系动词没有被动形式，但有些系动词常表示被动意义。常见的有 taste（吃起来）,sound （听 起来），prove（证明是），feel（摸上去感到）等,例如：Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来很合理。Good me

24、dicine tastes bitter to the mouth.良药苦口。2）一些与can't（不能）或won't（不会）连用的动词。常用的有：lock（锁住），shut（关上），open （打开，营业），close （关门）,cut （切割），weigh （重），act （上演），例如：The door won't open.这门打不开。It can't move.它不能动。This shop opens much earlier than it used to. Each stone weighs 2 tons.3）一些与 well（很），easily（

25、容易地），perfectly（十分地）等连用的动词，如：sell, wash, clean, burn, cook, wash, write, last, read, wear等。这种 动词+副词”结构，常表示事物内部特有 的属性。例如：The book sells well.这种书很畅销。These clothes wash well. 这些衣服很耐洗。4）用在生语+不及物动词+主语补语”句型中的一些不及物动词， 例如：This material has worn thin.这料子已磨薄了。The dust has blown into the house.灰尘被风吹进了房子。This ki

26、nd of cloth washes well and lasts long.The pen my father gave me as a birthday gift writes smoothly.Written in simple English, this article reads easily.5）某些不及物动词，如 happen, occur, cost以及短语，如 come out （出版），come up （出现）,come into being （产生）come to one' smind （想起）,turn out （证明是）, come about （发生），br

27、eak out （爆发）,belong to （属于）等，本身表被动含义，所以 它们常用主动形式。The first textbooks written for teaching English as a foreign language came out in the 18th century.Suddenly an idea came to his mind. It never occurred to me to phone you.20 More than one worker dismissed.A have been B areC has been D has【答案】C【解析】【详解

28、】考查主谓一致和语态。句意：不止一个工人被解雇了。如果主语由"many a,more than one+单数名词”构成，尽管从意义上看是复数，但谓语动词仍用单数形式，故排除 A和B, “工人 ”和 “解雇 ”之间是被动关系，用被动语态，故选C。21 Please don t stand up in class until you .A were told toB are toldC are told toD were told【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查省略句。句意：直到有人叫你站起来，你才可以在课堂上站起来。在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留

29、动词不定式的符号to。分析句子可知，本句为一般现在时。故C 选项正确。【点睛】to 代替不定式在一定的上下文中，为了避免重复，动词不定式在句中可以被省略掉，但是要保留动词不定式的符号to 。 to 代替不定式，常同refuse, want, seem, intend, expect, hope, like, be afraid,prefer, care, oblige, forget, wish, try ， tell 等动词连用。注意：如果不定式中含有be, have,或have been , 一般要保留 be, have或have been。本句还原为：Please don t stand

30、 up icnlass until you are told to stand up 。省略句为：Pleasedon ' t stand up in class until you are told to。故 C 选项正确。22 This is one of the best films .A that have been shown this yearB that have shownC that has been shown this yearD that you talked【答案】C【解析】【详解】考查定语从句和时态。句意：这是今年上映的最好的电影之一。此处为定语从句，先行词为

31、the one ,有最高级the best修饰，关系代词应该用 that,在从句中作主语，语境表明使 用现在完成时，而且谓语要用第三人称单数，故C 项正确。23 As is estimated, more than 20 million shared bikes into operation nationwide by2025.A will have been put B will have putC have been putD will be putting【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据估计，到2025 年为止，全国将有2000 多万辆共享单车投入运营。根据by 20

32、25 可知应用将来完成时，且主语与谓语动词构成被动关系，故应为将来完成时的被动语态。故选A。24 By the end of last year, another new hospital in our city.A would completeB would be completedC was completedD had been completed【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：去年年底为止，我们这座城市又建了一个新的医院。句中有bythe end of表示 到为止”如果后面接过去的时间，句子要用过去完成时。本句中 by the end of last year， by

33、后是过去的时间状语，句子要用过去完成时，故选D。【点睛】By表示时间，意为 到时为止”；该词经常与完成时连用。如果后接by后面是现在的时间，句中就使用现在完成时；如果by 后面是过去的时间状语，就使用过去完成时；如果后面是将来的时间，就使用将来完成时。By the time he was ten, he had learnt about 1,000 English words.到他十岁时,他已学了约一千个英语By 2012the population of this city will have risen to 20 millon.到 2020 年，这个城市的人口将增至二千万。By the

34、time Jane gets home, her aunt will have left for London to attend a meeting.当简到家时，她的姑妈已经动身去伦敦参加一个会议了25 It is that the financial crisis is disappearing in some countries.A reportedB to reportC reportingD being reported【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查被动语态。句意：据报道，金融危机正在一些国家消退。句中It 为形式主语，that 引导的从句为主语从句，是真正的主句的主语，所缺词为主句

35、谓语动词，主语与动词report是逻辑上的动宾关系，是动作的接受者，所以用被动语态。故选A。26 The coach, together with his players, to the party held last Friday night, aimingto celebrate their win in the match.A was invitedB were invitedC has been invitedD have been invited【答案】A【解析】【详解】考查主谓一致与一般过去时的被动语态。句意：这个教练，和他的队员一起，被邀请去参加上周五晚上举行的聚会，目的是庆祝他

36、们赢得比赛。根据句中的“last Friday night（上周五晚上）”可知，这句话应使用一般过去时。句子主语为The coach,为第三人称单数形式，“together with介词词组作主语的伴随状语，不能算作主语，所以谓语动词应与 The coach 保持一致。故选A。【点睛】主谓一致是指句子的谓语动词与它的主语在人称和数上必须保持一致。简单来讲，即在英语组词成句的过程中，主语的人称、数、格发生了变化，谓语也必须跟着变化，保证主语和谓语之间关系的协调一致。在英语语法中，这属于基本的知识点。主谓一致要遵循三个原则，语法一致原则，意义一致原则和就近一致原则。其中语法一致原则指的是主语是单数

37、形式，谓语动词也用单数形式；主语是复数形式，谓语动词也是复数形式。当than ，with ， as well as， along with ， together with ， like， rather than ， except， not， but， including， plus， besides， in addition to 等加名词或代词结构在主语后面时，谓语不受这些 短语影响，须和其前的主语一致。这属于语法一致原则中的一种情况。例如本题中使用了together with 结构，所以句子的谓语动词与主语the coach 保持一致。27 New energy-sharing proje

38、cts in dozens of cities across the country to fuel Chinasharing economy in the next few years.A are to carry outB are being carried outC were carried outD will have been carried out【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查时态及语态。句意：新的能源共享项目正在全国数十个城市开展，目的是给中国未来几年的经济提供动力。根据语境可知，表示新的能源共享项目正在城市中开展实施，才能给中国的经济提供动力。要用现在进行时。New energ

39、y-sharing projects 与动词 carry out 是被动关系，因此要用现在进行时的被动语态。A. are to carry out 一般将来时的被动，表示将实施，B. are being carried out 一般现在时的被动，表示正在被实施，C. were carried out表示动作发生在过去，一般过去时的被动；动。故选B。D. will have been carried out 将来完成时的被28 As we know, it will still be some years before all the metro lines in Suzhou intooper

40、ation.A will be putB are putC will have been putD are being put【答案】B【解析】【详解】考查动词时态语态。句意：据我们所知，距离苏州所有的地铁线路投入使用还有好几年。all the metro lines 与 o operation 是被动关系，应使用被动语态；在时间状语从句中，主句是一般将来时，遵循“主将从现”的原则，所以从句用一般现在时。故选B。29 The accident which left 15 people on board dead if both the angry femalepassenger and the bus driver had kept calm.A should have avoidedB should be avoidedC could have avoidedD could have been avoided【答案】D【解析】【详解】考查 “情态动词+完成式”。句意：如果愤怒的女乘客和巴士司机保持冷静，这起导致15 人死