七年级上册英语语法归纳

1、七年级上册英语语法一. Be动词（am, is, are）的用法口诀：I用am , you用are ,is跟着他（he）她（she）它（it）。单数is,复数are.变疑问， 往前提，句末问号莫丢弃，变否定，更容易，be后not莫忘记，疑问否定任你变，句首大写莫迟疑。注意：be动词通常会和其他词连写在一起，如： I ' m , what ' s ,name ' /they ' re I a student.You Janpanese.He my brother.She very nice.My name Harry.They 10 years old.The b

2、ooks new.Mary, this Tom.There a desk in the room.What these二.冠词的用法冠词分为不定冠词（a ,an）、定冠词（the）和零冠词（不用冠词的情况）三种。不定冠词a （an）与数词one同源，是 一个”的意思。a用于辅音音素前，而 an则用于 元音音素前。定冠词the的用法：巧计定冠词 the用法歌诀：特指双方熟悉，上文已经提起。世上独一无二，方位名词乐器。某些专有名词，还有复数姓氏。序数词最高级，习惯用语要牢记。零冠词的用法：1 .专有名词前一般不加冠词China 中国 Europe 欧洲 Lei Feng 雷锋 William Sh

3、akespeare 威廉莎士比亚2 .月份、星期、节日前一般不加冠词January 一月份 Sunday 星期日 Christmas Day 圣诞节 Thanksgiving 感恩节 National Day 国庆节 May Day 劳动节注：民族节日前要加the如:the Spring Festival3 .三餐、四季前一般不加冠词I have lunch at school. 我在学校吃午餐。Summer is the best season for swimming. 夏天是游泳的好季节。比较： I had a big lunch yesterday.昨天我吃了 一顿丰盛的午餐。（表示某

4、一个）比较： I will never forget the summer we spent in Hawaii.我永远不会忘记我们一起在夏威夷度过的那个夏天。（表示特指）4 .进行球类运动play basketball 打篮球 play volleyball 打排球 play football踢足球5 .by+交通工具by bus乘公交车 by bike骑自行车6 .固定词组go to school 去上学 go to bed 上床睡觉 go by train 乘火车去 go by boat 乘船 去在下列句中空白处填入适当冠词，不需用冠词处划/。I.What ' s this It

5、 ' s clock.2 .first lesson is easy.3 .What is it It ' s "w” .4 .What color is your coat It' s orange. It ' s orange coat.5 .woman is Mrs.Green. She is teacher.6 .Those pens are in pencil-case.7.I like playing soccer.8.When does Lily go to bed in evening. h , o and w in the word

6、how10 I paly guitar every day.三名词和代词的数1 .写出下列词的复数形式。baby case knife photoChinese hamburgerpotato key watch name strawberrytomatodollar orange people documentaryboypiano child man this that Isheyou bus wish Japanese am2 .翻译短语五门学科三部电影一些动作片许多手表一点食品 一点蔬菜许多冰激凌三块鸡肉一些工作许多作业四辆公共汽车 3 .选择填空1、There on the wall

7、 .They are very beautiful.A. are photoesB. are photosC. is a photoD. isphotos2. This kind of car made in Shanghai.A. isB .areC .wereD .has3. There are four and two in the group.A. Japanese, Germen B Japaneses, Germen C. Japanese,German D.Japanese, Germans4. That art book.A. anB. aC. theD are5. The b

8、oys have got already.A. two breadB. two breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieceof bread6. The old man wants.A. six boxes of apples B. six boxes of apple C. six box of apples D. six boxs of apples7. There some in the river.A. is ,fishB. are, fishsC. is, fishsD. are ,fish8. There two in the box.A. i

9、s watchB. are watchesC. are watchD. iswatches9. We should clean twice a day.A .our toothB. our toothsC.teethD.our teeth10. The meeting room is near the reading room.A.teacherB.teacher ' s C.teachers 'D.teachers四.句子单数变复数，注意以下五要素(1)主格人称代词要变成相应的复数主格人称代词，即I 一 we, you you , she,he,it 一they 。如： Sh

10、e is a girl. f They are girls.(2)am , is 要变为 are。如:I'm a student.fWe are students. 不定冠词a, an要去掉。如：He is a boy. fThey are boys.(4)普通单数名词要变为复数形式。如：It is an apple.They are apples.(5)指示代词 this , that 要变为 these , those。如：This is a box.fThese are boxes.把下列句子变成复数句。1. This is a bike.2. That is an eraser

11、.3. It is a red orange.4. He is a teacher.5. What ' s this6. He is a Chinese boy.7. A photo is on the wall.5.改错。1 .He has many ice cream for breakfast.2 .The girl has two broccoli forlunch.3 .The student does a few homework everyday.1.1 want to go tomovie.5 .Wecanseemuchclothesinthestore.6 .Does

12、 she have threecousin7 .They areJapaneses.8.I have someapple.9.1 want to see a BeijingOpera.五.时态复习-一般现在时1) 一般现在时表示王在的状态。She is at home.2) 一般现在时表示经常性或习惯性的动作，常与表示频度的时间状语every day, usually,always, often, sometimes, on Sunday 等连用,3) 一般现在时表示客观 (事实)存在及普遍真理The earth goes around the sun.1 .含be动词的一般现在时Be动词要根

13、据句中的主语的人称和数而变化。它有三种形式：am, is ,are.如： I am a teacher. My brother is at school. Lucy and Lily are friends.2 .实义动词的一般现在时一个动作经常或反复地发生，就用一般现在时。第三人称单数(he, she, it,Tom 和单数名词等)作主语时，谓语动词要加"s或"es；这种动词形式简称为动词的单三形式。记住：单三人称单三动，其他人称用原形。如：They get up at six o ' clock. He goes to school at seven thirt

14、y.3动词第三人称单数的构成规则：a.一般情况下在动词词尾加s 如：get-getslike-likes playplays,wantwants, work works , know knows, helphelps, getgetsb. 以字母 s、x、ch 或。结尾的动词力口 -es;如：guess guesses, fix fixes, teachteaches, brushbrushes,gogoes, dodoes, watchwatches, catchcatchesc.以辅音字母+ y结尾的动词，先变 y为i,再加-es。如：studystudies, carrycarries,

15、 fly flies , worry worries 特殊词：have-has用动词的适当形式填空。1 .We often?(play) in the playground.2 . He?(get) up at six o' clock.3 .?you?(brush) your teeth every morning.4 . What(do) he usually?(do) after school5 .they(like) the World Cup6 .Mike sometimes(go) to the park with his sister.7 .? At night, she

16、(watch) TV with his parents.8?Mike?(read) English every day9. How many lessonsyour classmate(have) on Monday10. What time?his mother(do) the housework11. He usually (get)up at six in the morning.1 2. She(have) blues eyes.1 3. We(go ) to school every day1 4. The boy(like) playing? football.1 5. We(ha

17、ve)no classes on Sundays.1 6. She(write) to her mother once a week.1 7. It(rain)quite often during the month of July every year.1 8. She often(watch)TV on Saturdays.1 9. Mike usually(ride) a bike with his friends in the? park.20 Peter and Mary often(play) badminton together.一按要求写出下列各词的相应形式.1. child

18、(孩子)(复数形式)_2. are not (缩写)3. those (单数形式) 4. I (宾格形式) 5 box (复数形式) 6 hour (同音词) 7. come (反义词)8.watch(复数)9.five( 序数词 )10.twelve( 序数词 )二、根据句意补全句子。1 、 English is my favorite in school.2 、 The twelfth month of a year is .3 、 He loves to listen music.4 、 you dance Yes,I can.5 、 I like milk( 牛奶 )and eggs

19、breakfast.6 、 I like baseball I don t like football.7 、 your brother want to go to a movie8 、 Today is Thursday.It is tomorrow( 明天 ).9 、 They are from China,but they can English.10 .My pen pal from Canada.三、用所给单词的适当形式填空 .1. February is the_(two)month of a year.2. How many_(child)do you have3. He is

20、a famous(music)in the city.4. This is a(Japan)car(小汽车).5. _(she)science teacheris Mr Baldwin.6. Miss Gao is a(success)doctor.7. Thanks for(sing) for us.8. Let s(play)soccer ball today.9. What language you (speak)10. Your sister(not dance)in the morning.六指示代词1. This (这个)和that (那个)用法this和that是指示代词，it是

21、人称代词。(2)距离说话人近的人或物用this,距离说话人远的人或物用that。如：This is a flower.这是一朵花。(近处)That is a tree.那是一棵树。(远处)放在一起的两样东西，先说 this,后说that。如：This is a pen. That is a pencil. 这是一支钢笔。那是一支铅笔。(4)向别人介绍某个人时，要说"This is，而不说"That is,也不能说"He is或"She is -6.介绍两个人时，先用 "This is介绍一个人，然后用 "That is 介绍另一个人。

22、如：This is Helen. Helen, this is Tom. 这是海伦，海伦，这是汤姆。This is my brother and that is my sister. 这是我哥哥，那是我妹妹。(5)This is 不能缩写，而That is可以缩写。如：This is a bike. That ' s aic&r辆自行车。那是一辆轿车。(6)打电话过程中，介绍自己时通常用this指代我"，不用代词I;询问对方时用that指代你”，不用代词you。例如：-Hello. This is Mary. Who ' s that 我是玛丽。你是谁？-Th

23、is is Tom.我是汤姆。注意：虽然汉语中使用我"和你”,但英语中打电话时绝不可以说：I am，Areyou ? /Who are you在回答this或that作主语的疑问句时，要用it代替this或that。如：一Is this a notebook 这是笔记本吗?-Yes, it is.是的，它是。一What' s that那是什么？ It ' s a kitel只风筝。2. these (这些)和those (那些)用法this, that, these 和those是指示代词，these是this的复数形式，指时间，距离较 近的或下面要提到的人或事;th

24、ose是that的复数形式，指时间、距离较远或前面已经提到过的人或事物。This is my bed. That is Lily ' sfeed我的床。那是莉莉的床。 These pictures are good.那些画彳艮好。 Are those apple trees 那些是苹果树吗？在回答主语是these或those的疑问句时，通常用they代替these或those以避 免重复。如：Are these/those your apples这些(那些)是你的苹果吗？Yes, they are. 是的，他们是。()1.pen is red.pencil is green.A. th

25、is, that B. These, Those C. That, Those D. This, That()2. Is a panda over thereA. this B. that C. those D. these()3.two boys are Mr. Green ' s sons.A. This B. These C. That D. those()4.two girls are Mary and Linda.A. This B. They C. That D. Those()5.is Mr. White and is my father.A. This,those B.

26、 That,these C. These,these D. This,this()6 Is that your sisterA Yes, she is B Yes, it is C No, it is D No, she isn ' t()7 Are those your booksA Yes, those are. BNo,they aren CYes, these are七.名词所有格英语名词所有格有两种：'s属格和of属格。1 's所有格的用法：a主要用于有生命的名词，例如： my brother's books, Mary's friendb用于

27、地理、国家机关、城市等名词，例如： Beijing's future, the government's the city ' s look.c用于时间、价值、距离、重量等名词， 例如：today's newspaper, ten dollars' wort h, five miles' distance, twenty pounds' weight.d表示理发店、商店等名词或一些习惯用法，例如： at the butcher's2 of 所有格的用法：主要用于表示无生命的名词，例如： the door of the house,

28、 a map of China, photos of my family.3 特殊所有格：若一样东西为两人共有，后一个人名用所有格；如果不是两人共有，而是各有各的，则两个名词都用所有格，且其后名词应为复数。Lucy and Lily ' s mother茜和莉莉的妈妈(共同的妈妈，一个妈妈)Lucy' s and Kate ' s room瑞和凯特的房间(各自的房间，两间房子)1 . - How's Mary's skirt-Her skirt is more beautiful than. A.her sister's and KateB.he

29、r sister and Kate C.her sister and Kate's D.her sister's and Kate's2 .This is car.is over there.A.visitor's ; My B.visitor's; Mine C.visitor ； Mine D.visitors ; My 3.room is big and bright. They like it very much.A.Tom and Sam B.Tom's and Sam C.Tom and Sam's D.Tom's a

30、nd Sam's 4.fathers are both teachers.A.Jim's and Bob B.Jim's and Bob's C.Jim and Bob's D.Jim and Bob5 .This is a photo of.A.yours B.yourselves C.your D.yourself6 .The old teacher is a friend.A.my brother's B.my brother C.of my brother's D.of a brother's 7.You can enjo

31、y. quiet streets.A the city B a city C the city ' D a city ' s八代词1、人称代词和物主代词人称代 词第一人称第二人称第三人称单数复数单数复数单数复数主格Iweyouyoushe he itthey宾格meusyouyouher him itthem物主代 词形容词 性myouryouryourher his itstheir名词性mineoursyoursyour shershisit stheirs1.通常情况下，人称代词的主格在句子中作主语，放在动词 （be动词，情态动词和行为动词等）的前面。They like

32、English.放在动词或介词的后面,For us, we like action后面要跟它所限定的名词I am a girl.We can sing and dance.2 .通常情况下，称代词的宾格在句子中作宾语或介词宾语, Give them to Tom.Nice to meet you.movies.3 .形容词性的物主代词（相当于形容词）属于限定词,4 .名词性的物主代词(相当于名词) ，后面不能再接名词。用所给词的正确形式填空。1. That is not kite. That kite is very small, but is very big.(I )2. The dres

33、s is. Give it to. ( she )3. Is this watch (you) No, it' s not. ( I )4. is my is Jack. Look! Those photos are (he )5.shirts are red. (we) What color are( you )6. Here are manytoys, which one is ( she )7. I can find my toy, but where' s( you )8. Show yourhands , OK (they)9. I have

34、 a beautiful is Mimi. These cakes are it )10. Are these rulers No,are not. ( they )11.is my aunt. Do you know job a nurse. ( she )12 . That is not camera.is at home. ( he )13 .sister is ill. Please go and get. ( she )14. don ' t know her name. Would you please tell. ( we )15. So many do

35、gs. Let ' s count. ( they )16. I have a lovely brother.is only 3. I like very much.(he )17. Look at that desk. Those book are on. (it)九.数词1 .基数词(表示事物数量的多少)。a. one 至U twelve 需要特殊记b.13 至U 19 结尾力口 -teen,但要注意 thirteen, Rfteen, eighteen.c.整十位数结尾加-ty,注意 twenty , thirty, forty , fifty, eighty.d.表示“几十几”

36、时，在整十和个位之间加连字符号“-” e.百位数：百位和十位、个位之间需加 and.101 one hundred and one320 three hundred and twenty648 six hundred and forty-eightf 千位数以上从数字的右端向左端数起，每三位数加一个逗号“， ” 。从右开始，第一个“， ”前的数字后添加thousand ，第二个 “， ”前面的数字后添加million ，第三个 “， ”前的数字后添加 billion 。然后一节一节分别表示，两个逗号之间最大的数为百位数形式。2,648 two thousand six hundred and

37、forty-eight16,250,064 sixteen million two hundred and fifty thousand sixty-four5,237,166,234 five billion ， two hundred and thirty-seven million ， one hundred and sixty-six thousand ， two hundred and thirty-fourg 基数词在表示确切的数字时，不能使用百、千、百万、十亿的复数形式；但是，当基数词表示不确切数字，如成百、成千上万，三三两两时，基数词则以复数形式出现。There are hundreds of people in the hall 大厅里有数以百计的人。Thousands and thousands of people come to visit Beijing ever