10四大国粹之国画汇总

1、Four Gems of ChinaChinese PaintingA Brief Introduction of Chinese Painting Chinese Painting has got an age of more than 2,000 years old. Three major kinds of subject matter dominate Chinese painting. birds and flowers; figures; landscapes of the countryside, mountains and sea. nChinese painters use

2、black ink to produce different tones and a brush to make many kinds of lines. In judging paintings, the Chinese paid more attention to the brushstrokes than to the subject matter.nStyles of Chinese PaintingnChinese painting, “Dangqing”.also known as the traditional national painting, one of the trad

3、itional fine paintings with a long history, has its unique and independent system in the worlds fine arts field. nA painting is drawn on a special kind of paper (Xuan paper) or silk by ink and color.n Traditional Chinese paintings rely on limited themes and on a preoccupation with details and the mi

4、nute effects of brushstrokes.n Strong contrasting colors depict love and other changing moods and feeling within the changing world. Chinese paintings have been concerned with historical event and the natural landscape. nChinese painting developed and was classified by theme into three genres:n figu

5、res, landscapes, and birds-and-flowers. nBy method into two genres:nFree hand brushwork/ (Xieyi): with vivid expression and bold ,vigorous outlines.nDetailed brushwork/ fine painting(Gongbi)nthe traditional realistic style characterized by fine brushwork and close attention to detail.nFree-hand Brus

6、h: great free-hand paintingn slight free-hand paintingn( ink, brush,water)nFine Brush: line drawingn fine brush with heavy colorn fine brush with light colorn boneless paintingn 山有情山有情 水有意水有意阴阳合德阴阳合德 天人合一天人合一n气势磅礴 草书入笔n细腻严谨 形神兼备n不勾墨线 直接着色n勾描物象 不着颜色 鲜明生动n先画线条 淡彩敷之n工整细密 着色浓重Line-drawing Boneless paint

7、ing History of Chinese PaintingnChinese painting can be traced back to paintings on Neolithic pottery six or seven thousand years ago. Since similar tools and lines were used for the earliest painting and writing, painting is said to have the same origin as calligraphy. History of Chinese Painting T

8、he infancy of Chinese painting predated the appearance of written characters. The techniques used in figure painting had reached maturity during the periods form the later Zhou to the Han, Wei and the Six Dynasties. nThere were many schools of wash and landscape painting artists in the Five Dynastie

9、s and the Northern and Southern Song and landscape painting become a major sector.nLandscape and flower-and-bird paintings had become an independent category in the Sui and Tang dynasties. 隋唐重彩隋唐重彩 明清水墨明清水墨Figure Painting Figure painting has the most cognitive value and instructive significance. It

10、covers various aspects of the feudal society such as morality and human relationships, ethics and rites , historical stories, legends and fairy tales, social customs, religion Buddhist monks and beautiful ladies and portraints, and has an apparent didactic function.nIt reflects to a great degree suc

11、h aesthetic and artistic thinking of traditional Chinese scholars as being refined and cultivated, and being above vulgarism, all of which were propagated in the highly harmonious form of art so as to rectify ones mind and make people abstain from their desires.Flower and Bird Painting In the flower

12、-and-bird painting , both expressing the external life and expressing the inner sentiments are stressed (expressing the vitality and characteristics of the animal or the plant and expressing the sentiments of the painter)nAlthough the painter depicts mainly the natural objects, yet his work has a su

13、btle relation with society and life. This is an important Characteristic of the Chinese Landscape painting and flower-and-bird painting.Landscape Painting Beginning in the Tang Dynasty, the landscape painting came to the fore. The purpose was not to reproduce exactly the appearance of nature, but to

14、 grasp an emotion or atmosphere in such a way as to catch the “ rhythm ”of nature. In the Song Dynasty, landscapes of more subtle expression appeared.nProcessed Brush: Detailed brushworknUnprocessed Brush: free hand brushwork The Features of Chinese PaintingLines in Chinese Painting ,lines play a de

15、cisive role in the formation of images; and variations in lines are determined, by the method of using brushed. Ink occupies an exceedingly important position in traditional Chinese painting, with black being the main color. nIn Chinese paintings, the ink is the dominant feature while colours are pe

16、ripheral. Chinese painters classify the black ink into five colours: concentrated, thick, heavy, thin and light. Black is considered a colour and more colours can be represented by varying the intensity. Unlike Western Landscape paintings, traditional Chinese landscape paintings go beyond the passiv

17、e copying of nature. It is a unique tradition of Chinese landscape painting to create artistic conception, to seek a unity of form and spirit, of human feelings and natural settings with an emphasis on the expression of the painters own thoughts and feelings. nIn comparison with Western painting, Ch

18、inese painting has a distinguished national form and artistic characteristics. A painter can discover the rules of its structure, and then produce it by the minds eye. It combines the object with the artistic concept of the producer, turning a natural image into an “ artistic image.” The object can

19、become endowed with feelings, and instilled with the artists essence and personality to achieve the effect of “being alike not only in spirit, but also in appearance.”n nThe special features of literati paintings were that likeness in spirit is better than likeness in form, pen and ink work excels m

20、ouding, and the chief thing is concept, with the pictures only for self amusement.n NiZan even put likeness in form at a place of no importance at all, which mirrored the attitude of literati paintings as something to suitn their dispositions and to enjoy themselves with True, the influence of calli

21、graphy on painting had long been at work, but those who clearly pointed out and self-consciously utilized it were the scholar painters of the Yuan Dynasty. nThey introduced calligraphy into pictures, causing painting to become more equipped with the nature of script writing, the inking and the strok

22、es to roam inside and outside the images.nIn fact, the Yuan Dynasty paintings lay stress on conception. Besides the conception on the face of the pictures, they also contained the conception in between the inking and the strokes, which, when becoming the objects of aesthetic appreciation themselves,

23、 would endow paintings and independent nature in the true sense of the word. Appreciation of Chinese PaintingnThe appreciation of the traditional Chinese painting is influenced by the traditional Chinese philosophy, which advocates observing the micro by way of the macro, and vice versa, not to be l

24、imited by a definite space and time, and not laying emphasis on the light and shadow of or the changes in color, or the detail of the external feature.nThe painters perspective is mobile and many sided, and is not limited by a definite standpoint. The painters effort is directed to observing the imp

25、licit essence and spirit of the object rather than the exact external apperance.nTraditional Chinese painting, poetry, calligraphy, painting and seal engraving （书画四绝）（书画四绝）are necessary components that supplement and enrich one another. Painting in poetry and poetry in painting has been a criterion for excellent works. Inscriptions and seal impressions help explain the painters ideas and sentiments and also add beauty to the painting. n 倪瓒 渔庄秋霁图n 胸中逸气，空旷浩渺n 竹竹 石石 清清郑板桥郑板桥 咬定青山不放松，立根原在破岩中；咬定青山不放松，立根原在破岩中； 千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风。千磨万击还坚劲，任尔东西南北风。 n 题题 画画 （清）郑板桥（清）郑板桥 n一竹一兰一石，一竹一兰一石