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1、 4 Natural DisastersVocabulary Learning Vocabulary Learning natural disastersnature n. 自然;性质;本性;the nature of.的本质in nature 在本质上by nature 天性,本性上natural adj. 自然的;物质的;天生的;天然的; naturally adv. 自然地;自然而然地;The nature of the issue is economic. 这个事情的本质是经济上的。The most amazing thing about nature is its infinite

2、variety. 大自然最让人惊叹的地方在于它的无限多样性。The _(nature) disaster has killed several thousand monkeys. 这场自然灾害已造成几千只猴子死亡。When things go wrong, all of us _(nature) feel disappointed and frustrated.出问题时,我们自然而然都会觉得失望和沮丧。Its an economic issue _. 在本质上,这是一个经济事件。naturalnaturallyin nature damage/destroy/ruindamage n.&

3、; v. 损害;损毁;赔偿金;损害;损毁 vt. cause it to become less good, pleasant, or successful(使功能受损,)damaging adj. 具有破坏性的destroy vt. 破坏;消灭;毁坏 cause so much damage to it that it is completely ruined ()destruction n. n. 破坏,毁灭;摧毁 destroyed adj. 被毁的,遭破坏的ruin n. 毁坏;毁灭,废墟;vt.v. 破坏,糟蹋;毁灭,对有灾难性的影响()fall into ruin 衰落,衰败 fi

4、nancial ruin 破产 the ruins废墟in ruins 成为废墟 ruined 坍塌的; 荒废的 Adj. + n in the ruins在废墟中1.If the tree falls that way, it _ the house. 这棵树向那边倒下就会把那所房子压坏。2.It will cause pollution and the _of our seas and oceans. 这会造成对我们的海洋和江河的污染和破坏。3.Drinking and smoking can _ your health. 饮酒和吸烟会损害你的健康。will destroydestruct

5、iondamage 4.One dead child was found _ almost two hours after the explosion.一名遇难儿童在爆炸发生近两小时后在废墟中被找到。5.After the earthquake,the school has been _ in the ruinsin ruinsVocabulary Learning deathdie v. 死亡;凋零;熄灭;死于.die for.渴望,切望;为了而死die of.死于.(由于自身疾病,衰老等)die from.死于.,因.而死(由于外部原因如事故,die out 灭绝;消失dead adj.

6、死了的,死亡的death n. 死亡,死去的人 a matter of life and death 生死攸关的事be frightened/starving/bored/.to death 极度地害怕/饥饿/无聊.In a severe winter, wild animals can _ lack of food. 在寒冷的冬天, 野兽可能因为缺乏食物而饿死.Around fifty people _ hunger every day in the camp. 集中营里每天大约有五十人饿死。The storm is responsible for as many as four _(dea

7、th). 这场暴风雨造成多达4人死亡。die fromdied ofdeathsVocabulary Learning affect/affection/effectaffect v. vt. 影响;感染;感动;假装affection n. 喜爱,感情;影响 family affection 亲情affection film 爱情电影 show affection 示爱1.effect作讲时,侧重于指身体上的影响;affection侧重于思想上的影响。 2.affection 更多的是作“喜爱,真挚的感情”,此时是不可数名词,后面可接for或者towards;用于复数时,意思是“爱情、感情”。

8、气候和天气影响我们生活的每个方面。 七百多万多人受到了干旱的影响。 I have a great _affection for New York. 我很喜欢纽约。He is hungry for _. 他渴望得到爱。Climate and weather affect every aspect of our lives.More than seven million people have been affected by drought.affectionaffectionVocabulary Learning floodflood n.&v. 洪水;涨潮;淹没,泛滥;大量涌入a f

9、lood of complaints 大量投诉in flood 在泛滥under flood 遭受洪灾flood into/in 涌进a flood of.大量.fight the flood 抗洪flood a place with.使.充斥.Large numbers of immigrants _the area. 大批移民涌入了这个地区。Manufacturers are destroying American jobs by_ .制造商们在以廉价进口货充斥市场,破坏了美国人的就业机会。When the Nile is _ , it leaves a layer of mud on t

10、he fields. 尼罗河泛滥时,在田野上留下一层泥。flooded into flooding the market with cheap importsin floodVocabulary Learningbreathe/breathbreath n. 呼吸,气息;一口气 breathe vi. 呼吸;低语;松口气breathless adj. 喘不过气来的;停止呼吸的 breathlessly adv. 气喘地;屏息地out of breath 喘不过气来,上气不接下气地breathe in/out 吸气/呼气breathe into 注入breathe regularly 均匀呼吸b

11、reathe hard 呼吸困难breathe a sigh of relief 舒了一口She was slightly _ from running. 她跑过后有点上气不接下气。He _ watched the spider attempt to spin its web for the third time. 他凝神屏息地观看那蜘蛛试图第三次结网。Watching him climb up the cliff, everybody was _ with anxiety. 看着他往悬崖上爬,大家都紧张得不能呼吸。The air was so cold we could hardly_ .

12、空气非常寒冷,我们难以呼吸。out of breathbreathlesslybreathlessbreatheVocabulary Learningefforteffort n. 努力;成就; 复数 efforts effortless adj. 不费力的,容易的;make an effort to do something 努力去做某事in an effort to do 企图(努力想);试图要with (an) effort 吃力地,努力地spare no effort to do. 不遗余力be worth the effort 值得努力with effort 努力地without e

13、ffort 毫不费力地The new students adapted _ to his new surroundings. 新生们不费力地就适应了新环境。You should make an effort _(figure) it out. 你应该努力去弄明白这件事。They are _ to decrease the production costs. 他们正尽力减少生产成本。We should _our environment. 我们应该不遗余力保护环境。effortlesslyto figure making an effortspare no effort to protect Vo

14、cabulary Learningas ifas if 好像,仿佛,似乎在look, seem 等系动词后引导表语从句;如:She looks as if she were ten years younger她看起来好像年轻了十岁。(虚拟语气)It seems as if our team is going to win看来我们队要胜了。 还可以引导方式状语从句,如:She loves the boy as if she were his mother 她爱这男孩,就好像她是他的母亲一样。(虚拟语气)The child talked to us as if he were a grown-up

15、那孩子跟我们谈起话来,像个成年人似的。(虚拟语气)Vocabulary LearningHomework!Vocabulary Learning5 Read the sentences describing what happened after a huge earthquake. Complete the sentences with the correct forms of the new words and phrases from the text.1. The huge earthquake let nearly the whole city _.2. Everyone was_,

16、 thinikng the world must be coming to an end.3. Millions of people were left without water, food, or _. 4. Soldiers and volunteers worked as hard as they could to pull away _ and rocks, and rescue those who were_ under the ruins. 5. Some were found alive, though they were suffering from terible inju

17、ris, but others had already stopped _when they were discovered.6. A few buldings were stil standing, but people were afraid to use them as shelters, worrying they would be _ if the buildings fell. destroyedbricks shelters trapped breathing buried shocked Vocabulary LearningComplete the passage with

18、the correct forms of the words below. death destroy survive crash shelter disasterEarthquakes are a form of natural _. They are so powerful that they can cause tall buildings to_ to the ground in just a few seconds. In fact, most of the _ in an earthquake are caused by falling houses or buildings. New research data from

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