工商管理专业英语

1、工商管理专业英语重点一.名词解释：isamanager答：Amanagerisapersonwhoplans,organizes,directs,andcontrolstheallocationofhuman,material,financial,andinformationresourcesinpursuitoftheorganization'sgoals.isthedifferencebetweenmiddlemanagersandfirst-linemanagers答：Theheavieremphasisonmanaginggroupperformanceandallocatin

2、gresourcesrepresentthemostimportantdifferencesbetweenfirst-lineangmiddlemanagers.canyoucharacterizetop-managers'work答：Topmanagersspendmostoftheirday(over75percent)planningandanddemandsontopmanagerscanbeintense.istheoneofnaturaloutcomesofoutsourcing答：Modularcorporationscomeintobeing.二.选词填空wasinch

3、argeoftheallocationofavailablefunds.firmisorientedtowardstheexportsideofthebusiness.on-timedeliveryofgoodsisrequiredinthecontract.graphicdisplayswillbehelofultoillustratetheincreaseoftheoutput.cannotsurvivefiercecompetitionwithoutinnovativepersonnels.theaccountsispartandparcelofmyjob.CEOandotherhigh

4、-levelexecutivesareoftenreferredtoastopmanagement.tasksthatmanagersdoincludeplanning,organizing,leading,andcontrollingtheworkofanorganization.managerssuperviseemployeeshavingexpertiseinonearea,suchasaccounting,humanresources,sales,finance,marketing,orproduction.managersareresponsiblefortheoperations

5、ofamorecomplexunit,suchasacompanyoradivision.carriedoutanumberoffraudsontrustingpeoplewholenthimmoney.wouldnothavesucceededinsuchariskybusinessifhehadnotbeensuchacleverentrepreneur.couldnottellthecommcndingofficerfromhissubordinates.twooldrivalsvieforthefristplace.peoplecannotbetrustedtoworkwihoutsu

6、pany

7、istryingtodiversifyitsrangeofproductssothattheycangetmoremarketshares.Blackrealizedthathiscompanywasindirestraitsanditwentbeyondhimtodealwiththewholesituation.,mynextdoorneighbor,isexemptformmilitaryservicebecauseofhispoorhealth.theeconomicenvironmentimproved,hiscompany'ssaleinthatareaisgettingl

8、esssusceptibletothecrisis.declaredthathewasnotliableforhispartnersdebts.employeessuedtheirmanagerforbreachofcontract.wecannotkeeponholdingtheedgeintheservices,wellloseourshareinmarket.,themanufacturingindustrycannotmakedowithoutservices.mergeornottomergethat'sthequestion.Theboardofthecompanyhasd

9、eferredthedecisiontodoit.country'sinfrastructureservicesmustdevelopwithitseconomicgrowthbecausenoadvancedsocietycanbewithouttheseservices.31.三.翻译英译汉：,though,afirst-linemanagerisarecentcollegegraduatewhoisresponsiblefortheworkofbothhourlyemployeesandprofessionals.Suchafirst-linemanagerislikelytoh

10、avelittlehands-onexperience.LackofexperienceisnXaproblemifthenewmanageriswillingtolearnandhasthecompetencetocommunicatewithdiversetypesofpeople,tocoachandcounselsubordinates,andtoprovideconstructiveconstructivefeedback.答;然而有时一个第一线经理是新来的大学毕业生，负责管理计时雇员和专业人员的工作。这样的第一线经理可能很少有亲身的经验。缺少经验不一定是麻烦，但这要求新经理乐于学习

11、，并且有能力和不同类型的人打交道，培训和指导下属，并提供建设性的反馈。andacquisitions兼并与收购restructuring公司重组缩编decision夕卜包决策corporation组件公司costofproduction单位生产成本alliance战略联盟管理费用advantage竞争优势formoforganization网络型组织（结构）汉译英1 .社团community2.首席执行官chiefexecutiveofficer3.常务董事managingdirector4.流行价格prevailingprice5.监督员supervisor6.市场份额marketshare

12、7.计算机程序员computerprogramme8管理能力managerialcompetency9.保险业务员insuranceagent10.资源配置allocationofresources11.新闻广播员newscaster12.任务小组taskforce13.销售合作人salesassociate14.收入，税收revenue15.管理，管理人员management16.工作框架worksetting17.电话营销中心telemarketingcenter18.顾客投诉customercomplaint19.业绩评价标准evaluationcriteriaforperformanc

13、e2。.具体运作计戈1Jspecificoperationalplans21.分派权力与责任delegateauthorityandresponsibility22.协调进度与资源coordinateschedulesandresources23.商务合作人businessassociate24财务崩溃financialdebacle25.刺激业务增长spurthegrowthofthebusiness26.监督现场工作superviseon-sitework27.生物芯片混合了计算机技术和生物科学，是通过新网络企业创造的最令人兴奋的产品中的一种。利用计算机能力的优越来处理大量的信息，生物芯片

14、被开发用来扫描人的基因构成和分析与各种基因转换疾病相关的风险。Biochips,whichblendcompanytechnologywithbiologicalscience,areamongthemostexcitingproductsbeingcreatedthroughnewnetworkorganizations.Takingadvantageofacomputersabilitytoprocessmassiveamountsofinformation,biochipsarebeingdevelopedtoscanpeoplesgeneticmakeupsandanalyzerisk

15、sassociatedwithvariousgeneticallytransmitteddiseases.28.世界经济aglobaleconomy29.经济模式theeconomicmodel30.工业化经济anindustrializedeconomy31.自给自足self-sufficient32.银行业abankingindustry33.提高生活质量enhancethequalityoflife34.经济活动的核心thehub/heartofeconomicactivity35.商务服务业businessservices36.销售服务业tradeservices37.基础实施服务业i

16、nfrastructureservices38.社会服务业social/personalservices39.公共管理服务业publicservices40.电子零售业electronicretailing41.商店结账终端point-of-saleterminal42。公司总部corporateheadquarters43.财务收益、盈禾Ufinancialrewards44.多种形式服务anassortmentofservices45.分销、销售渠道distributionchannel46.建筑承包商buildingcontractors47.运输成本transportationcost

17、s48.三曰商店零售non-storeretailsales49.商品直销thedirectsalesofthemerchandise50.纵向整合verticalintegration51.目标销售catalogsales52年销售额annualsales53.零售贸易retailtrades54.（备有）现货productsavailablearemoreandmoreknowledgeabledemandingbettervalueandservice.（7肖费者越来越会买东西）isbecomingahigh-techbusiness.（正在变成一种高科技企业）programsanaly

18、zethedataandthenautomaticallytransmitorderstotheretailers.（分析数据并自动把定货指令传给零售商)managersmustmakecomplexdecisionsinselectingtargetmarkets,locatingstores,determiningwhatmerchandiseandservicetooffer.(选择目标市场，确定店址，决定提供何种商品和服务)computerviewsdirect-mailretailingskillsasthekeytoitssuccess.(把直接邮购零售技术视为其成功的关键)四、判

19、断正误1、Amanagerisapersonwhoplans,organizes,directs,andcontrolstheallocationofhuman,material,financial,andinformationresourcesinpursuitofthemanager'sindividualgoals.(F)achievingtheorganizationalgoals,managersmustperformmoretasksbythemselves.(F)managersmustpayattentiontowhatgoesonbothinsideandoutsid

20、etheirorganizations.(T)jobofmanagersistohelptheorganizationsachievespecificgoals,butusuallytheydonotcreateanygoals.(F)asmallorgain,nization,thereisusuallyonlyonelevelofmanagement.Asanorganizationgrows,morelevelsofmanagementareneeded.(T)managersreceivebroad,generalstrategiesandpoliciesfromtopmanagers

21、andtranslatethemintospecificgoalsandplansforfirst-linemanagerstoimplement.(T)managersareresponsiblefordirectingandcooedinatingtheactivitiesoffirst-linemanagersandmiddlemanagers.(F)managersspendmoretimeonplanningandorganizingthanfirst-linemanagers.(F)9,Awholesaleristhefinalbusinessinadistributionchan

22、nelthatlinksmanufactureerswithconsumers.(F)bulkistokeepinventorysothatproductswillbeavailablewhenconsumerswantthem.(F)11,Verticalintegrationmeansthatafirmpreformsonlyonelevelofactivitybutorganizingtheotherfirmsinthedisyributionchannel.(F)isoneofthenationslargestinduetriesintermsofemployment.(T)leade

23、rsaremoreeffectivewhenthesituationishighlyunfavourable.(F)setofformaltasksandformalreportingrelationshipprovidesaframeworkforhorizoncontroloftheorganization.(F)ofcommandmeansthateachemployeeisheldaccountabletonotonlyonesupervisor.(F)authoritymeansthatpeopleinmanagementpositionshaveformalauthoritytod

24、irectandcontrolimmediatesubordinates.(F)meansthatdecisionauthorityitlocatednearthetopoftheorganization.(F)第六章选词1.Astopmanagerofthecompany,ifyoudonotassignline-managers'responsibilitytotheplan,youwillreachnogoal.inspectorwasinterestedinereythingpertainingtoqualityappraisal.ofthemostimportantpoint

25、stomakeachievementsinbusinessistoenergizefront-lineworkers.目标管理managementbyobjectives一次性计划asingle-useplan常备计划astandingplan应变计划acontingencyplan企业目标corporategoals计戈U时间范围planningtimehorizon业绩评估系统performanceappraisalsystem应急预算emergencybudget灵活'性与适应'性flexibilityandadaptability安全认定系统systemofsafety

26、recognition基层部门监督者linesupervisor表彰信aletterofcommendation英译developmentanaction制定行动计戈Udevelopsafetytrainingsession开安全生产培训课/办一班developalineofthought展开思路developfront-lineemployees培养一线工人developaninterestinmanagement对管理产生developthenationaleconomy发展国民经济developthecompanySbusiness扩展公司业务developone'sidea（详

27、细）阐述观点developanewdevice研制一个新装置developtheregioninthewestChina开发建设中国西部地区第七章填词Thesubordinatesrefusedtocomplywiththemanager'sdemandbecauseit'snotatallpracticaloAgoodmanagerispersonwhocanharnessindividualtalentstoacommonend。Noonecanmakethebusinessgosmoothonlybyissuingorders。Anunbrokenlineofauthor

28、itythatlinksallindividualsintheorganizationandspecifieswhoreportstowhomisnamedaschainofcommand。Delegationistheprocessmanagersusetotransferauthorityandresponsibilitytopositionsbelowtheminthehierarchy。Tallstructureisakindofmanagementstructercharacterizedbyanoverallnarrowspanofmanagementandarelativelyl

29、argenumberofhierarchicallevels。Flatstructerisamanagementstructurecharacterigedbyanoverallbroadspanofcontrolandrelativelysewhierarchicallevels。Formalizationisthewrittendocumentationusedtodirectandcontrolemployees。英译汉Deployresources有效的使用资源hierarchicallevels层级spanofmanagers'control经理的管理职权范围effectiv

30、ecoordination有效的协调verticalcontroloftheorganization组织机构的纵向管理anautomobileassemblyline汽车组装（流水）线chainofcommand指令链delegateauthority分权meetcustomers'needs满足消费者的需求linedepartment业务部门staffdepartment职能部门issueorders发布命令第八章填词Subordinatesshouldhavesomesayinthemanagementofthebusiness。TheemployeesinJackscompany

31、haveregularaccesstothebosstoairtheiropinions。Participatorydemocracyissomethingthatsubordinatesenjoyinmanagementdecision-making。英译汉Positionpower职位权禾Ulegitimatepower法理权禾Urewardpower奖赏权禾Ucoercivepower惩罚权禾Upersonalpower个性化权禾Uexpertpower专业技能权禾Ureferentpower禀性相关权禾Ucharismaticleadership个人魅力型领导autocraticlea

32、der独断/专断型领导democraticleader民主型领导authoritarianmanagement极权型管理centralizeauthority集权第十四章汉译英1市场营销组合marketingmix市场细分研究segmentationresearch市场导向marketingorientation目标市场targetmarketing描述功能descriptivefunction诊断功能diagnosticfunction预测功能predictivefunction生产导向活动production-orientedexercises前控管理proactivemanagement

33、后控管理reactivemanagement市场信息反馈过程marketingintelligencefeedbackprocess市场营销系统marketingsystem1. Iftheywanttheirbusinesstorunwell,managersshoulddevelopalong-runmarketingstrategy。（带U定长期市场营销策略）2. SomeorganizationhavenXconductedmuchmarketingresearch,whichcausesthemlosethemarketshare。（失去市场份额）3. Heavycouponuser

34、saremostlikelytoredeemthecoupons.（用赠券兑换产品）4. Thecompanieswhoincreasetheirmarketsharearethosewhoarereallyunderstandandmeetconsumers'need.(了解并满足消费者需求)5. Itmakesmuchdifferenceforafirmtoimprovethebottomline.(改善盈禾U状况)填词1. threeyearsago,theboardofdirectorsmadethatdecisiontocomputerizethewholecompanyin

35、cludingallthebranches。Andnowthisispayingdividend2. themarketingresearchenablesthefirmtomaketheirpromotionmoreefficientandtheirconsumersmoreacquaintedwiththebrands,retailoutlets,etc.3. AsCEO,Mr.Smithalwaysignoresthesideissuesandaddresseshimselftothemainproblemsinmanagement。4. Mr.Carteralwaystakesapragmaticapproachtoproblems.That'stheveryreasonwhyhewasappointedtothepostofsalesdirector.判断1. Marketresearchistheprimarytoolforexploringnewopportunitiesinthemarketplace.(T)2. Todescribethehistoricalestrendandconsumers'attitudestowardaproductanditsadvertisingisthediagnosticfunctionof