外研高中英语省略讲与练

1、高考英语中省略常见考点讲解1一、并列复合句中某些相同成分的省略。1. This beeper works well，but that one doesn't (work well). 2. All uranium atoms do not have the same atomic weight. Some of them weigh 234 units，some (of them) (weigh) 235 units，and some (of them) (weigh) 238 units.所有的铀原子并非都有相同的原子量。其中有的重234，有的重235，而有的重238。二、在when

2、，while，if，as if，though(或although)，as，until once whether，unless，where等连词连接的状语从句中，常省略跟主句相同的主语和be动词。1. When (water is) pure，water is a colorless liquid. 水纯净时，是无色的液体。2. When (I am) in trouble I always turn to her for help. 我困难时总是找她帮助。3. Errors，if any，should be corrected.如果有什么错误，就应当改正。(if后省略了there are)4.

3、 Wood gives much smoke while (wood is) burning. 木头燃烧时，它放出很多烟。5. The letter is to be left here until (it is) called for. 这封信留在这里待领。6. Henry looked about as if (he were) in search of something. 亨利向四周环视，似乎在寻找什么。7. She studies very hard though (she is) still rather weak. 她尽管体弱，但学习仍十分努力。三、当见到“when (或if，w

4、here，wherever，whenever，as soon as，as fast a s，than等)+possible/necessary等”时，可理解中间省略了it is(或was)。1. Answer these questions，if (it is) possible without referring to the book.如果有可能，请不看书回答这些问题。2. When (it is) necessary you can help us to do something. 必要时你可以帮助我们做些事。四、有形式主语it的主语从句可省略that。1. It seems (或app

5、ears) (that) Joe is out，not Jack. 外出不在的似乎是乔，不是杰克。2. It is an honor (that) I was invited to your birthday party. 我很荣幸被邀请参加你的生日聚会。3. It's a pity (that) you can't operate a computer.很遗憾，你不会操作计算机。4. It is the third time (that) I have come to China.这是我第三次来中国。五、在限制性定语从句中可省略作宾语的关系代词whom，which，that。

6、1. That is the naughty boy (whom/that) we talked about last week. 那就是我们上周议论的淘气男孩。六、在direction(方向)，way(方式)，distance(距离)，time(时间)，times(倍数)等后面所接的定语从句中常省略that，which，in which。1. The direction (in which) we move a body can be changed.我们移动物体的方向是可以改变的。2. The distance (which或that) light travels in one secon

7、d is 300，000 kilometers. 光每秒走的距离是30万公里。七、以there be开头的句子，其主语的定语从句常可省略关联词，而there be结构作定语从句时，省略作主语的关系代词。1. There is a chance Dr. Li will be able to be back for May Day. 李博士也许有机会能回来过五一节。2. We have to make a list of all the books there are on the subject. 我们必须把所有关于这个题目的书列出一个单子。八、命令句、惊叹句、部分第一人称的陈述句、部分问句和答

8、句中省略最为常见。 1. Open the door!开门! 2. Why not?为什么不? 3. Why so?为什么这样?4. Anybody wishing to go?谁愿意去啊?九、用so，not或其它手段来省略上文或问句中的一部分或整个句义，是NMET的常考项目。1.Can Emily do this work? 埃米莉能做这件工作吗? I think so.我想她行。 I think not (或I don't think so).我想她不行。2.Did you know anything about it?这件事你以前知道吗? Not until you told m

9、e.你告诉了我，才知道。3. He has gone. No one knows where(he has gone).他走了，谁也不知道他去什么地方了。4. Jenny knows what (is to be done)!詹妮有办法!十、当用强调句型强调疑问词时，常省略强调句型中的that。1. When was it (that) you received his e-mail? 你收到他的电子邮件是什么时候?2. We don't know who it was (that) called the doctor?我们不知道是谁请了医生?十一、某些形容词要求后面接一固定的介词短语

10、，若接一从句，则只用that或疑问词直接引出从句，从而省略原有的介词。1. We are certain(省去of)that air is a mixture.我们可以肯定，空气是混合物。2. She is doubtful (省去about) whether she can complete it in time.她怀疑她能否按时完成。 十二、用to表示前述动词(包括谓语或非谓语动词)及其短语。1. You may go online if you like (to) (go online).你如果想上网就可以上网。2. Nothing can stop the boy from playi

11、ng video games when he wants to (play). 当这男孩想玩电子游戏时，没有东西可阻碍他玩。十三、在某些动词后含有宾语补语或主语补语的复合结构中省略to be或being的情况。1. They found the answer (to be) correct.他们发现答案正确。2. This conclusion proved (to be) correct.这个结论原来是正确的。十四、新闻标题要求简练醒目，需根据上下文的语 境推敲其省略部分。1. Boy 14，rescued from cliff face. 从峭壁上救下14岁的男孩(A boy of 14

12、has been rescued from cliff face.)。2. American President to fly to London.美国总统将飞往伦敦(American President is to fly to London.)。十五、注意在一些固定短语中某些介词的省略。have trouble (in) sleeping难于入睡。spend one's evenings (in) reading novels把晚上的时间花费在看小说上。be busy (in) doing sth. (他)忙于做某事。They are (of) the same age. 他们年龄

13、相同。There is no use (in) explaining it to her any more.这件事再向她解释是无用的。He is carrying out this experiment (in) the same way as I did yesterday.他使用我昨天采用的方法在做他的实验。十六。省略常见考点讲解 为了使讲话和行文简洁，句中某些成分有时可以省略。省略可分为以下几种情况： （一）简单句中的省略 1、省略主语 (1)祈使句中的主语通常被省略。如： (I)Beg your pardon. (请再说一遍。括号内为省略的词语，下同) (2)其它省略主语多限于少数现成

14、的说法。如： （I）Thank you for your help. （I）See you tomorrow. （It）Doesnt matter. 2、省略主谓语或主谓语的一部分。如： （There is）No smoking.(禁止吸烟。) (Is there)Anything else?(还有其它事吗？) (You come)This way, please.(请这边走。) (Will you)Have a smoke?(吸支烟？) What(do you think)about a cup of tea? Why(do you)not say hello to him?(为何不向他问好

15、呢？) 3、省略宾语 （1）省略宾语的全部。如： -Do you know Miss Gao? -I dont know (her). -Which of the two is the better choice?-Well, its hard to tell (it). (2)在一定的语境中，在某些动词（如want, wish, hope, like, love等）之后，可省略作宾语的不定式短语，只保留to。如： -Are you going there?-Id like to (go there). He didnt give me the chance, though he had pr

16、omised to (give me the chance). 如果该宾语是be动词或是动词的完成时态，则须在to之后加be或have。如： -Are you an engineer?-No, but I want to be(an engineer). -He hasnt finished the task yet.-Well, he ought to have(finished the task). 4、省略表语。如： -Are you thirsty?-Yes, I am(thirsty). His brother is not lazy, nor is his sister(lazy)

17、. 5、同时省略几个成分。如： -Are you feeling better now?-(I am feeling )Much better (now). -Have you finished your work?-(I have)Not(finished my work)yet. (二)并列句中的省略 两个并列分句中，后一个分句常省略与前一个分句中相同的部分。如： My father is a doctor and my mother (is) a nurse. I study at college and my sister(studies)at high school. (三)主从复合

18、句中的省略 1、句中有一些成分被省略（多见于句首）。如： (Im)Sorry to hear that you are ill. (It is)Pity we live so far from the sea. 2、省略了从句中与主句相同的部分。如： They dont visit their parents as much as they ought to(visit their parents). My friend cant come to school,but I wonder why(he cant come). 3、省略了一个从句或从句的一部分，用so或not（切不可用it或tha

19、t）代替。如： -She must be busy now.-If so,she cant go with us. -Is he feeling better today?-Im afraid not. 类似的用法还有：How so?/Why so?/Is that so?/Do you think so?/Quite so./He said so./I hope so./I dont think so./I suppose not./I believe not./I hope not，等。 4、句和从句各有一些成分被省略。如： The sooner(you do it),the better

20、(it will be). -Is Mr King in his office?-(Im)Sorry,I dont know(whether he is or not). （四）其它省略 英语省略的情况还有很多，下面归纳几种需要注意的情况： 1、that的省略 (1)宾语从句中常省略连词 that,但并列多个宾语从句中，只能省略第一个that。 (2)在定语从句中，通常当that在从句中作宾语时，才能省略。如： The noodles (that)I cooked were delicious. (3)在主语从句、同位语从句中that很少省略（口语中有省略），在表语从句中偶尔省略。 2、不定式

21、符号to的省略 （1）并列的不定式，前面的不定式带to,后面的不定式可省去to。如：I told him to sit down and wait a while. 但是，如果两个不定式之间有对比关系，则不可省去to。如： Hearing the news, we didnt know whether to laugh or to cry. （2）某些使役动词（如make, let, have）及感官动词（如see, watch, notice, observe, hear, feel, look at, listen to等）后面作宾语补足语的不定式一定要省去to,但在被动语态中须把to复原

22、。比较： I saw the boy fall from the tree./The boy was seen to fall from the tree. He often makes his sister cry, but today he was made to cry by his sister. (3)find当“发现”讲时，后面作宾语补足语不定式的符号to可以省去，也可以不省。如： We found him(to)work hard at the experiment. 但如果不定式是to be则to不能省略。如： She found him to be dishonest. (4

23、)help当“帮助”讲时，后面的宾语或宾语补足语的不定式符号to可省，也可不省。如： I will help(to)do it for you./I will help you(to)do it. (5)介词but, except前若有动词do,后面的动词不定式不带to。如： The boy does nothing but play all daye nothing to do but lie down and sleep in winter. (6)主语从句中有动词do,后面作表语的动词不定式的to可带可不带。如：What we can do now is (to) wait. 3、连词i

24、f在部分虚拟条件句中可省略，但后面的语序要有变化。（见“倒装句”有关部分） 4、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语与主句的主语一致时，可省去“主语+be”部分，如： As(he was)a child, he often asked many interesting questions. Im going with you if(I am)free. He opened his lips as if(he were)to speak. 5、在某些状语从句中，从句的主语是it，其后的动词be及其主语可一起省略。如： Fill in the blanks with articles, if(it is)necessary. Whenever(it was)possible ,they would stop him and ask him the three questions. 6、在than和as引导的比较状语从句中，在意义明确的情况下，可省略than和as后的任何部分。如： I know you than he(knows you). I know you than(I know)him. In wi