选修六-unit1-知识点上课讲义

1、选修六-unit1-知识点4. technique n. 技术技术, 技巧技巧, 方法方法,n. 技术员技术员, 技师技师n. 工艺工艺, 科技科技, 技术技术5.aggressive adj. 敢作敢为的敢作敢为的, 侵侵略性的略性的v. 攻击攻击, 侵犯侵犯 n. 进攻进攻, 侵略侵略6.prdict v. 预知预知, 预言预言, 预报预报n. 预言预言, 预预报报adj. 预言性的预言性的, 成为前兆的成为前兆的techniciantechnologyaggressaggressionpredictionpredictive 1.Sometimes we are _ by the des

2、ire to be rich and do everything we could to make the dream come true, but finally we will find out that the _ of wealth may not necessarily bring happiness. (possess) 2.The bad weather and the _ confusion of traffic made it impossible for schools to operate as usual. _, most of the students were ta

3、ken back home by their parents. (consequence) 3.The man rushed into the managers office _ and asked for a refund. (aggress)possessed possessionconsequentConsequentlyaggressively4.An automotive _ coming from U.S.A is ready to help us in science and _ .(technique)5.A _ employee would not like to leave

4、 his boss though the company had been bankrupted. (faith)6.With the development of meteorology (气象学), people make it _to know the weather in advance. (predict)techniciantechnologyfaithfulpredictive possess较为正式，强调对目前拥有或占有的东西可以控制或支配。也用于表示具有某种才能，品质特点或性能等。own强调所属关系have常用词，可指任何情况下的具有，包括物质的或精神的。用possess/o

5、wn或have 适当的形式填空1) We_ a dinner party on for tomorrow evening. 2) She _ herself of the unclaimed goods. 3) Daisy _ a chain of restaurants though still young. (拥有连锁餐厅)4) we all like to attend Professor Zhangs lecture because he _ great tact. 1). possess/own/have vt.占有占有, 拥有拥有 havepossessedownspossesse

6、stechnique常指针对方法，技巧而言的“技术”尤其指音乐，艺术，写作的技能。technology常指工业或科学技术，是较为广泛的概念 用technique或technology适当的形式填空1) Science and _ can strengthen a nation.2) The actor has the _ of amusing the audience.3) The use of _ of metals brought a great fortune to the local people.technique/technology technologytechniquetech

7、nologyshadow C 指人或东西在阳光或灯光下形成的影子。shade U 指任何遮住阳光得到的阴凉的地方。 用shadow或shade适当的形式填空1) Sometimes people will get frightened by his own _ especially at night. 2) After a long walk, they needed to find some _ and have a rest. shadow/shade shadowshade shadow n 阴影、影子 阴暗处、昏暗处 （坏）影响They were eager to show how l

8、ight and shadow fell on objects at different times of day.（回归课本）cast a shadow on/over 投影于;影子映在 in shadow/the shadows阴暗处;背光处under/in the shadow of 在的阴影中The ships sail_（倒映在水面上）.I thought I saw a figure _（站在阴暗处）. Those people have been living for years_ (在恐怖的阴影中).cast a shadow on the waterstanding in t

9、he shadowsunder the shadow of fear(1)attempt(1)attempt正式用语正式用语( (尤指较难的事尤指较难的事) )，常指一次的而不是继，常指一次的而不是继续的尝试，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，常包含续的尝试，往往暗示这种尝试达不到目的，常包含“冒险冒险”之意。之意。(2)try(2)try通俗用语，指为成功做某事而付出努力或花通俗用语，指为成功做某事而付出努力或花费一定代价，后接不定式表示费一定代价，后接不定式表示“试图做某事试图做某事”，后，后接动名词表接动名词表“试着做某事试着做某事”。(3)manage(3)manage成功地做成某事，强调结

10、果。成功地做成某事，强调结果。attempt, try, manage1. You must_ and control your temper.2.Every time I ve_ to convince her, Ive failed completely.3.I m going to_ cooking dinner this evening.4.Jenny_ to pass her driving test on the fifth_.attemptedtrytry managedattemptIt occurred to her that she might _a homeless ch

11、ild.A adopt B adapt C accept D acquireadopt, adapt这两个单词仅有一个字母之差，要注意他们含这两个单词仅有一个字母之差，要注意他们含义的区别。义的区别。(1)adapt改编；使适应。后可跟改编；使适应。后可跟sth. ,若跟若跟sb.时常用反身代词时常用反身代词.adapt the old storyWe adapted ourselves to the climate.His mother was adopted when she was four.The council is expected to adopt the new policy

12、at its next meeting. (通过这项新政策)adopt收养、领养 采用、采取 正式通过、认可 People began to concentrate less on religious themes and adopt a more humanistic attitude to life.（回归课本） adopted different approaches toadopted adj 领养的，收养的All three teams _(采用不同方法解决)the problem. (approach)重点词汇重点词汇：1.faith信任；信心；信念Art is influence

13、d by the customs and faith of apeople.（回归课本）have /lose faith in sb. 对有/失去信心；restore/destroy ones faith in 恢复/毁掉某人对的信心keep/break faith with sb 信守/不守信in bad/good faith 存心不良/诚心诚意I_(对她很有信心)， she wont let me down.Her friends kindness _(恢复了我的信心)human nature.The woman who sold me the car claimed she had ac

14、ted_ (诚心诚意地 have great faith in herrestored my faith inin good faithadj: faithful 忠诚的、忠实的 a faithful servant/friend/dog be/remain faithful to 忠贞的、忠诚的可信任的; 可信赖的; 可信任的工人He _（始终忠诚于党） until his death. remained faithful to the party2.2.attemptattempt .the painter does not .the painter does not _ _ to pai

15、nt to paint objects as we see them with our eyes. objects as we see them with our eyes. ( (回归课本回归课本P P3 3) ) 观察思考观察思考 They They attempted toattempted to finish the work within a finish the work within a month. month. 他们试图在一个月内完成这项工作。他们试图在一个月内完成这项工作。 He He made an attemptmade an attempt to pass the e

16、xam,but it to pass the exam,but it was too difficult. was too difficult. 他试图通过考试，但考试太难了。他试图通过考试，但考试太难了。 This is This is my first attemptmy first attempt at English at English composition. composition. 这是我第一次尝试写英语作文。这是我第一次尝试写英语作文。attemptattempt归纳归纳： in an attempt to do sth 为了 make an / no attempt to

17、do sth 企图/没有企图做 at the first attempt初次尝试 make an attempt on ones life企图谋杀某人Exx: Two factories were closed _ (为削减费用). They _ (没有企图逃跑).I passed my driving test _ (初次尝试).Someone_ (企图刺杀总统)recently.in an attempt to cut costsmade no attempt to escapeat the first attempthas made an attempt on the President

18、s lifev努力、尝试、试图 ;试图做某事 attempt to do sth attempt sth每次我试图说服她, 但全然不起作用 adj attempted 未遂的 谋杀/抢劫未遂 Every time Ive attempted to convince her, Ive failed completely. He aimed his gun at the target,fired and missed it.他用枪瞄准目标开火，却未打中。他用枪瞄准目标开火，却未打中。Shes aiming at a scholarship.她争取获得奖学金。她争取获得奖学金。观察思考观察思考 He

19、r aim was good and hit the lion with her first shot.她瞄得准，第一枪就打中了狮子。她瞄得准，第一枪就打中了狮子。 3. aim n. 目标目标; 目的目的 瞄准瞄准During the Middle Ages, the main aim of painters was to represent religious themes.(回归课本)归纳： with the aim of 以为目标；旨在 achieve ones aim 实现某人的目标 take aim at 向瞄准Exx:She went to London_ (为了找工作)（aim

20、. n）. Alan_ (瞄准了那只老虎).with the aim of finding a jobtook aim at the tigerv. 瞄准，对准 致力于、打算 旨在，目的是 aim (sth) at /for 瞄准 aim at (doing) sth 力求达到，力争做到 aim to do sth 打算、致力于 Sth be aimed at (doing sth)目的是、旨在 we_ (力争到那里) around six. These measures_ (旨在防止)violent crime.He_ _(把枪瞄准狮子). are aiming at arriving th

21、ereare aimed at preventingaimed his gun at the lion4typical 典型的，有代表性的 一向如此的，特有的 A typical picture at this time was full of religious symbols, which created a feeling of respect and love for God. (回归课本)典例：1) Xianglin shao is a typical character in the novel.2) grasp typical cases 抓典型3) Its typical of

22、 her to be late. 她这个人就是爱迟到。4)The trains late again-typical一贯如此归纳： be typical of是代表; 象征 It is typical of sb to do sth是某人所特有的Exx: 抢挑重担是他的特点。 It_ _（就是爱忘事）.was typical of her to forgetIt is typical of him to take hard jobsn. possession 具有、拥有具有、拥有 sth be in ones possession 由由拥有拥有 sb be in possession of s

23、th 拥有拥有;持有（某物）持有（某物） take possession of 拥有（占有）拥有（占有） come into ones possession 为某人所得，落入某人手中为某人所得，落入某人手中 （pl.）个人财产）个人财产 私人物品私人物品 个人财产个人财产 5. possess v 拥有拥有 具有（特质）具有（特质） 支配、控制支配、控制 Rich people wanted to possess their own paintings, so they could decorate their superb palaces and great houses.(回归课本回归课本

24、)典例：Im afraid this is the only suitcase I possess.He doesnt possess a sense of humour.A terrible fear possessed her.The house_ (一直归这个家庭所有)since the 1500s.She was found _ _(犯拥有海洛因罪）You cant _（合法拥有）the property until three weeks after the contract is signed.On her fathers death, a vast fortune_ (落入她手中

25、) .guilty of possessing heroinhas been in the familys possessioncame into her possessionlegally take possession of 6. predict v. 预言、预告、预测 Who can predict what painting styles there will be in the future?(回归课本)典例典例：Nobody could predict the outcome.It is impossible to predict what will happen.She pred

26、icted that the election result would be close.It was predicted that inflation would continue to fall.The trial is predicted to last for months. predict sth / that/whether (what/how)It was predicted that据预测Ex: The report _ (预言将失去更多工作岗位)in the coal industry. 预测地震/结果 n. prediction. 预言;预测 predicted that

27、 more job would be lost predict earthquakes/the outcomemake predictions about7specific. adj具体的;明确的. 特定的 特有的；独特的;是特有的(to) I gave you _（非常明确的指示）Childrens television programmes _ (针对特定年龄段). Ex: It is a disease _ (马特有的).very specific instructionsaimed at a specific age groupspecific to horsesn.（pl.）细节，详

28、情）细节，详情I cant go into/get down to specifics at this time,but I can tell you that we have an agreement.8figure n. 数字 最新的销售数据 人物;重要人物 公众人物 身材;体形（尤指）身段 She always_. （有好的身材）. 画像;塑像 马的铜像 轮廓;人影. v. 认为;认定 figure that. I figured that he was drunk and shouldnt be allowed to drive. 计算 Larry figured his expens

29、es for the past month. the latest sales figures a public figurehad a good figurea bronze figure of a horse a dark figure in the distancefigure out 计算出 Have you figured out how much the trip will cost? 理解；弄清楚；弄明白 I cant figure out how to do this.(08湖北) The present situation is very complex, so I thin

30、k it will take me some time to its reality.A. make up B. figure out C. look through D. put off 9. allergic adj I cant eat shellfish because I am allergic to them.(回归课本)过敏的;变应的 be allergic to I like cats but unfortunately _（我对猫过敏）.过敏性的，变应性的 过敏性反应 be allergic to 对十分反感；厌恶You could see he _ （很讨厌做家务） Im

31、allergic to themwas allergic to housework10preference u喜爱;偏爱 c偏爱的事物;喜爱的东西 Frick had a preference for pre-twentieth century Western paintings, and these are well-represented in this excellent collection.（回归课本） have a preference for sth 偏爱;喜爱 give preference to sb/sth 给予优惠；优待 in preference to sb/sth 优

32、先于；而不是Exx:我必须承认我更喜欢年轻人。Its _（个人喜好的问题）.a matter of personal preferenceI must admit I have a preference for young men.Many people choose the train _ （而不是开车）. _(将优先考虑)graduates of this universityPreference will be given toin preference to drivingprefer. v. 喜爱 prefer sth/doing to sth/doing 比起更喜欢 prefer

33、to do sth rather than do宁愿而不愿 would prefer to do sth.更愿意，更希望做 I would prefer it if我更希望 我更希望你不告诉别人更好。 I would prefer it if you didnt tell anyone.11. reputation. n 名誉；名声The reputation of this museum lies in the variety of its art collection.(回归课本)_赢得/确立/树立声誉 _有好/坏名声 有损/毁坏某人的名声_名副其实Exx: This restaurant

34、 _ (名声很好). The weather in England is _(真是名副其实).has a good reputationliving up to its reputationearn/establish/build a reputationhave a good/bad reputation (for)damage/ruin sbs reputationlive up to its reputation12.contemporary The Whitney holds an excellent collection of contemporary American painti

35、ng and sculpture. (回归课本) contemporary adj 当代的 当代的艺术/ 音乐/舞蹈_ 同时代的；同时期的 contemporary (with sb/ sth)Ex: He _(属于同时代的)the dramatist.n. c 同时代的人；同辈人Ex :She and I_(在大学是同学).were contemporaries at collegewas contemporary withcontemporary art/music/dance13.permanent There are no permanent displays in this muse

36、um and exhibitions change all the time. (回归课本)permanent adj 永久的；固定的 固定工作/职员 _ adv. permanently a permanent job/ permanent stafftemporary adj. 临时的临时的重点词组1.by coincidence 巧合地by pure coincidence纯属巧合 By coincidence, oil paints were also developed at this time, which made the colours used in paintings lo

37、ok richer and deeper.(回归课本)coincidence n. u巧合 c巧事By coincidence, we will take the same bus back home. 真巧合，我们要搭同趟车回家。2) By coincidence, his wife is one of my classmate in college. 巧合的是他的妻子是我大学的一个同学 by accident 碰巧，偶然 by chance碰巧，偶然 on purpose故意Exx: 真巧！ _! _（真巧了），I met the person wed been discussing th

38、e next day.Its _(并非巧合)none of the directors are women.What a coincidencenot a coincidenceBy coincidence2.appeal to (对某人)有吸引力；（使某人）感兴趣;呼吁；上诉 It will appeal to those who loved Impressionist and Post-Impressionist paintings. (回归课本)典例：典例： The design has to appeal to all ages and social groups. 设计得要雅俗共赏，

39、老幼皆宜。设计得要雅俗共赏，老幼皆宜。 Organizers appealed to the crowd not to panic. 组织者呼吁人群不要惊慌。组织者呼吁人群不要惊慌。 They needed to appeal to his sense of justice. 他们需要激发他的正义感。他们需要激发他的正义感。 The company is appealing against ruling. 公司正对判决提出申诉。公司正对判决提出申诉。 归纳：归纳：vi. 有感染力；有吸引力有感染力；有吸引力 appeal to sb. 呼吁；恳求呼吁；恳求 appeal (to sb) to

40、do sth (for sth) 上诉；申诉上诉；申诉 appeal (to sb/sth) (against sth)The police _(呼吁公众提供信息) about the crime now.Does the idea of working abroad_ (吸引你)？n. 上诉；感染力；呼吁are appealing to the public for informationappeal to youExx:3a great deal 大量、很大程度上 In the late 19th century, Europe changed a great deal from a mo

41、stly agricultural society to a mostly industrial one.(回归课本) 观察思考观察思考 He talks a great deal but does little. 他说得多做得少。他说得多做得少。 Its a great deal faster to travel by plane than by bus. 乘飞机旅行比乘汽车快得多。乘飞机旅行比乘汽车快得多。 A great deal of their work is unpaid. 他们很多工作都是没有报酬他们很多工作都是没有报酬归纳总结归纳总结(1)a great deal (名词名词短

42、语短语)意为意为： ， 作主语、宾语。作主语、宾语。 a great/good deal (副词副词短语短语)可用于可用于形容词、副形容词、副 词比较级前词比较级前加强程度，也可用来修饰加强程度，也可用来修饰动词动词作状语。作状语。 大量，许多大量，许多拓展 表示“许多，大量”a great deal of/a good deal of/a large amount of/much/not a little 可用于修饰不可数名词a few/quite a few/a good many/a great many/a great number of 可用于修饰可数名词a lot of/a lar

43、ge quantity of/large quantities of/plenty of 既可修饰可数名词又可以修饰不可数名词Exx: _(他们很多工作)is unpaid.Im feeling _ (好多了).We see them _ (经常).A great deal of their worka great deal bettera great deal4. on（the ）one hand; on the other hand一方面;另一方面 On the other hand, some paintings of modern art are so realistic that t

44、hey look like photographs.(回归课本）1) 他决定辞职。一方面因为他厌倦了目前的工作；另方面他想换个地方。2) 出于自尊，她拒绝了他的帮助，另方面她不想欠别人的人情。 He decided to quit. On the one hand, he was tired of the present job; on the other hand, he wanted to move to another place.She refused his help with dignity; on the other hand, she didnt want to owe oth

45、ers.5.in the flesh活着的；本人 1) In the performance, you can see your idols in the flesh.表演中，你可以亲眼看到你的偶像。2) His appearance in the flesh ended the rumours about his death.他本人的出现打破了他人已经死去的谣言。练习 汉译英当使用信用卡时，需要你的本人签名。2) 他是活着的最受欢迎的学者。When using your credit card, you need to sign your name in the flesh.He is th

46、e most popular scholar in the flesh.6.in consequence因此，结果 1) He got a bad cough. In consequence, he had to ask a doctor for help. 2) He had to ask a doctor for help in consequence of his bad cough. 他咳得很厉害，因此，他不得不去看医生。短语归纳in consequence of. 的结果， 因为.的缘故， 由于as a consequence (of)因而， 结果练习 汉译英1) 雨很大，结果街道变

47、成一片汪洋。2) 因为他付出的努力，他取得了非凡的成就。It rained heavily. As a consequence, the streets were in flood. He got a marvelous achievement in consequence of his great effort.1. But it was evident that ideas were changing in the 13th century when painters like Giotto di Bondonebegan to paint religious scenes in a mo

48、re realistic way.但是，很显然在但是，很显然在13世纪时（人们的）思想正经历着变化，像世纪时（人们的）思想正经历着变化，像乔托这样的画家开始以一种较为现实的风格来画宗教场景。乔托这样的画家开始以一种较为现实的风格来画宗教场景。解释解释 It is evident that（很）显然（很）显然 “it”在句中充当形在句中充当形式主语，式主语，“that”引导的主语从句为真正的主语。为了引导的主语从句为真正的主语。为了句子的平衡移到后面句子的平衡移到后面,可以避免句子结构的头重脚轻可以避免句子结构的头重脚轻.典例典例Its evident that the plan is impr

49、acticable. 很明显这计划是不能实现的。很明显这计划是不能实现的。It was evident that the couple still loved each other. 很显然这对夫妇依然很显然这对夫妇依然爱着对方。重点句子重点句子 1) 很显然，在警察赶到前犯罪现场经过了伪造。 2) 很明显政府正试图帮助大学生就业。It is evident that the local government is trying to help the graduates with employment._the accident spot had been counterfeited (伪造

50、伪造)before the traffic policeman came.It was evident that2. They tried to paint people and nature as they really were.他们试图真实地描绘人物与自然。他们试图真实地描绘人物与自然。解释解释 as 1. conj. (1) 如，像；按照如，像；按照; (2)当当时候时候,一面一面一面一面; (3)随着随着 (4)因为，既然因为，既然 (5)尽管尽管 2. prep. 作为作为,如同如同 3.adv.asas 像像一样一样1)The work is not so easy as you

51、 imagine. 这项工作并没你想象的那么容易。这项工作并没你想象的那么容易。2) Leave the papers as they are. 别去动那些文件别去动那些文件3) They sang songs as they were doing farm work. 他们一边干农活一边唱歌。他们一边干农活一边唱歌。4) As he still a child, he lived in a remote village with his old granny. 他小的时候和他的祖母生活他小的时候和他的祖母生活 在一个遥远的村庄里。在一个遥远的村庄里。5) As time goes by, t

52、he boy became more patient with his girlfriend. 随着日子的流逝，男孩对女朋友越来越有耐心了。随着日子的流逝，男孩对女朋友越来越有耐心了。6) As everything is ready, lets go. 既然都准备好了，我们出发吧。7) Ridiculous as it seems, the tale is true. 这个故事看似荒唐，却是真的8) As a work of art ,it is very poor. 作为艺术品这是十分拙劣的。9) As your good friend, I had to give you the kin

53、dest advice. 作为你的好朋友，我得给你我最善意的忠告。)10）He was as white as a sheet. 他面无血色。练习 汉译英1) 随着你年龄的增长, 你会变得更聪明。2) (既然)你累了, 最好休息一下。3) 他虽然尽了最大努力, 仍不能搬动那块石头。4) 作为一个诚实的孩子，你应该向父母说出事实.You will grow wiser as you grow older. As you are tired, you had better rest. Try as he would, he could not lift the rock.As an honest

54、child, you should tell the truth to your parents.3. Among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting were the Impressionists.突破传统绘画风格的画家中包括了印象派画家。突破传统绘画风格的画家中包括了印象派画家。解释解释 本句为倒装句本句为倒装句，原语序为：，原语序为：The Impressionists were among the painters who broke away from the traditional style of painting.本句结构为本句结构为“介词短语介词短语+