高一英语课文知识点

1、高一英语课文知识点模块IIUNIT 41.decrease vi.,vt.,n.减少，下降 *The number of traffic accidents decreased last year. *Our sales are decreasing.*We have to decrease your wages because of the financial crisis. *A big decrease in sales caused the store to close. decrease的反义词是increase，用法相同2.die out 绝种，灭绝 *Many animals h

2、ave died out in the past few years. die away 消逝，平息，静下来 *The sound died away. *The wind died away.3.long vi.渴望 A. long to do *She longed to be back to her hometown.*Im longing to hear from you again. B. long for +n.*How I long for your opinion.4.stomach的复数是stomachs5.at that at可以表示 “听到、看到” *At the goo

3、d news, he jumped with joy. *He was very angry at losing it. *Im surprised at what he said.6.where there is在有的地方where引导的定语从句可以转为地点状语从句或表语从句。where引导的定语从句和where引导的表语/状语从句的区别对照：A.This is the town where I was born. This is where I was born. B.The book is at the place where you left it. The book is where

4、 you left it. C.Take him to the place where its quiet. Take him where its quiet. D.Ill drive you to the place where you are going. Ill drive you where you are going. E.I will meet you at the place where we first met. I will meet you where we first met. F.Keep sitting at the place where you are. Keep

5、 sitting where you are.G.Bamboo grows best at the place where its warm and wet. Bamboo grows best where its warm and wet.H.They are taking photos at the place where stands Big Ben They are taking photos where stands Big Ben.*Where others are weak, he is strong.*Where there is a will, there is a way.

6、 *He succeeded where others failed. 小结:where若引导定语从句，前面必须要有先行词；先行词若作状语还必须带有介词.7.burst into laughterburst into常见的搭配有：burst into laughter/tears突然大笑/大哭但 burst out laughing/crying8.money from tourists only went to the large tour companies.来自游客的钱都到大的旅游公司那里去了。注意go to的引申意义 *The award goes to a different act

7、or each year. *The honour should go to someone who deserves it.9.a certain number of一定数量的 certain adj.(作定语)一定的，某个; (作表语)肯定的， *Im certain/sure that he will come. *Are you certain about that? *Its certain that he will win.(不能用sure) *A certain person called on you tectfrom保护免遭 *He raise

8、d his arm to protect his face from blow. *An umbrella is used to protect people from rain. 也能说protectagainst11.contain vt.包含，含有，里面有 *Vegetables contain vitamins. *The basket contains a lot of fruit. *His article contains no mistakes at all. include vt.包括在内(列在、收在里面) *The list includes many new names.

9、 *I included eggs on the shopping list. *He was not included in the party.*The bill doesnt include the item.12.affect vt.影响 *A sudden change in the weather may affect your health. *His opinion will not affect my decision.注意effect n.影响；作用；效果 *Did the medicine have effect on your illness? *Violence in

10、 films has a bad effect on children.13.appreciate vt.欣赏；感激；意识到 *Thats because you cant appreciate music. *He is the person I appreciate. *I greatly appreciate your kindness, *I would appreciate it if you could help me.14.experience n.经验；经历 作“经验”解释时是不可数名词；作“经历”解释时是可数名词。 *She has no experience of life

11、 at all. *The job requires three years experience as a nurse. *Ive had a very upsetting experience.15.if wildlife protection is to succeed如果野生动物保护要成功的话 be to do可用在if的条件句中，中文常译作“如果要的话”，所以和if条件句用一般时是不一样的。 *If he is to succeed, he must practice more. If he succeeds, he must practice more.× *If it

12、rains tomorrow, well not go out.If it is to rain tomorrow, well not go out.× succeed vi.成功 *The experiment has succeeded. *They didnt succeed in the experiment. *They didnt succeed in doing the experiment. “成功地做某事”不能说succeed to do，要说succeed in doing16.sell very well sell大多数情况下作及物动词，例如： *Will yo

13、u sell me your bike?*All the tickets have been sold out.但和well, badly或easily连用时，必须用主动形式表示被动意义，sell, wash, write, read等。 *His novel sells well. *The cloth washes well/easily. *This pen writes well. *His story reads well.17.harm n.&vt. A. n.危害，害处(不可数)*I see no harm in what I did.harm作名词多以doharm/do

14、 harm to的形式出现*Smoking does much harm to your health.*It will not do you any harm.=It will do you no harm.=It will do no harm to you.=No harm will be done to you. B.vt.损害，对有害处*I have never harmed anybody.*Smoking harms your health. harmful adj. harmless adj. *Smoking is harmful to your health.18.tens

15、 of millions of 几千万hundreds of 几百thousands of 几千tens of thousands of 几万hundreds of thousands of 几十万millions of 几百万hundreds of millions of 几亿e into being vi.产生，出现 *Thus the first trade union came into being. *No one knows when this custom first came into being.20.fierce adj.激烈的，凶猛的 fierce fight/debat

16、e/competition/wind/storm/ animalUseful expressionsas a result 结果endangered animals 濒危动物bamboo growing area 竹子生长区know of 了解wake up 醒来a flying carpet 飞毯take a photo 拍照without mercy 毫不容情a certain number of 一定数量的the importance of wildlife protection野生动植物保护的重要性run after 追赶tens of millions of 几千万UNIT 51.D

17、o you like music?有些名词泛指时不带冠词,特指时带冠词, 如：music, history, culture, science等。 A.*I like music. *He has no ear for music. *Then she played the music of Mozart. *I like some of the music. B.*I am fond of history. *There have been many changes in the history of the English language. *This is a house with a

18、 long history.C.*the development of education, science *Teaching is also a science. *the science of cooking D.*Ancient Egypt had an advanced culture. *the culture of ancient Egypt *He is a man of culture.2.dream A. n. *He had a strange dream. *I have a dream. B. vi. *Do you dream at night? C. vt. *H

19、e dreamed a dream. *He dreamed that he was at sea. D. dream of *I never dream of such a thing. *I dream of peace. *He dreams of being a singer.3.pretend A. pretend to do假装做某事 *He doesnt pretend to be an expert.*When Mother came in, he pretended to be sleeping. *He pretended not to see me this mornin

20、g. B. pretend that *He pretended that he didnt see me this morning.*When Mother came in, he pretended that he was sleeping.4.to be honest 此处to be honest作独立成分。不定式作独立成分的固定说法有：*To tell (you) the truth, I cannot go today. *To make a long sentence short, he married her and they lived happily together.*To

21、 begin with(首先), the situation is not favorable.*To make matters worse(更糟糕的是), she lost her only son.5.attachtoattach A to B 附加A到B; 使A附属于B *You should attach the latest news to the report.改为被动态 The latest news should be attached to the report. *The submarine was attached to the Pacific Fleet.（隶属于） *

22、the High School Attached to Zhejiang University浙大附中 *a room with a garage attached *aid with no conditions attached attach importance to重视 *He didnt seem to attach importance to the question. *Much importance should be attached to your spelling.6.form vt.形成，组成，养成 *He formed his own theory in his thi

23、rties. *Form good habit when you are young. *His character was formed at school. *The four young men formed a band. *Five colleges formed the university.7.passers-by英语中合成名词的复数变化有下列几种情况：A.第一个组成词变为复数son-in-lawsons-in-law(女婿)looker-onlookers-on(旁观者)passer-bypassers-by(行人，过路人)B.第一个和第二个组成词都变成复数man doctor

24、men doctors；woman writerwomen writers；此时仅仅限于由man, woman组成的复合名词C.最后一个组成词变为复数boy friendboy friends；girl friendgirl friends；grown-upgrown-ups8.extra *He often works extra hours to earn extra money. *I dont think they need extra help.9.perform vi, vt; performance n.表演;表现 *At what theatre did they perfor

25、m? *They gave their first performance at the new theatre.*Our team performed well yesterday.*Our teams performance was excellent in the match yesterday.10.rely on/upon指望，依靠 *You can rely on him. *They rely on themselves, which is better. *You may rely on me to help you.11.be popular adj.大众的，流行的，受欢迎的

26、popular song 流行歌曲popular science大众科学 be popular with/among受的欢迎 *Tom is very popular with girls. *Short skirts used to be popular among girls.12.be familiar with 和be familiar toA be familiar with B (A熟悉B)=B be familiar to A (B对A来说是熟悉的) *Im familiar with his name.=His name is familiar to me.*We are fa

27、miliar with the singer and his songs are familiar to us.13.The Monkees would play and sing would在此处表示过去的习惯动作*At that time, the woman would sit at the door and wait for her son.*He would sit there for hours sometimes, doing nothing at all.14.or so大约(放在数词后面) *Mr Brown will be back in three days or so.

28、 *There will be twenty or so people at the party. 比较：*Mr Brown will be back in about three days.*There will be about twenty people at the party.15.break up *After midnight, the party broke up.(散场) *The crowd broke up.(散开) *The two friends broke up.(散伙) *Sentences can be broken up into clauses. (拆开) *The school broke up for summer vacation. (学期结束)break 的常用词组break away脱离，逃脱break down坏掉，抛锚；垮掉break out(战争、火灾)