初中英语定语从句_绝对经典系列ppt课件

1、The Attributive Clause 定语从句4.定语 修饰和限定名词和代词的词。通常由描画词，代词(多为描画词性物主代词，数词，介词短语，动词不定式，分词和从句定语从句来担当。 a kind girl, a book on the desk I have homework to finish. the fallen leaves the boy who is very smartHe was holding onto a tree that grew against the wall. 主句主句: He was holding onto a tree.从句：从句：A tree gre

2、w against the wall. 复原复原名词/代词 + 定语从句关系代词和关系副词的作用：关系代词和关系副词的作用：1、引导作用、引导作用 2、替代作用、替代作用3、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用、在定语从句中担当某个成分的作用Eg: 1.Those who want to go please should be ready.2. Bill, who was my student , asked me questions.v 关系词引导定语从句，同时指代先行词关系词引导定语从句，同时指代先行词在在 定语从句中充任的成分定语从句中充任的成分v 所以先行词在定语从句中不再出现所以先行词在定

3、语从句中不再出现,也不也不用其他词替代用其他词替代Bill is a boy who I teach him.关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又关系副词引导定语从句时，既引导定语从句，又在定语从句中充任状语。不能省略在定语从句中充任状语。不能省略. .关系副词可转化为介词关系副词可转化为介词+ +关系代词构造。关系代词构造。1 1、WhenWhen指时间，在定语从句中充任时间状语。指时间，在定语从句中充任时间状语。 He told me the date when(on which) he He told me the date when(on which) he joined the

4、 Party.joined the Party.2 2、WhereWhere指地点，在定语从句中充任地点状语。指地点，在定语从句中充任地点状语。 This is the place where(in which) we This is the place where(in which) we lived ten years ago.lived ten years ago.3 3、WhyWhy指缘由，在定语从句中充任缘由状语。指缘由，在定语从句中充任缘由状语。 I know the reason why(for which) she I know the reason why(for which

5、) she was so angry.was so angry. 1.This is the park (that )we visited last year. This is the park where we held a birthday party.2.She wont forget the days (that )she spent on the island. She wont forget the days when they stayed together.关系副词关系副词when, where和关系代词和关系代词that, which的区分。的区分。同样是修饰一个地点，有时运

6、用同样是修饰一个地点，有时运用where，有时运，有时运用用that/which；同样是修饰一个时间，有时运；同样是修饰一个时间，有时运用用when， 有时运用有时运用that/which。这主要看两。这主要看两点：一：先行词在从句中所作成分；二：是定语点：一：先行词在从句中所作成分；二：是定语从句中的谓语动词能否是一个及物动词。从句中的谓语动词能否是一个及物动词。1 1This is the factory _ I visited last This is the factory _ I visited last year. year. 2 2This is the factory _ I

7、worked last This is the factory _ I worked last year. year. 3 3This is the factory _ produces all This is the factory _ produces all kinds of TV sets. kinds of TV sets. where B. which C. whom D. whose以上三个句子只需细微的差别，但答案却不同：做这以上三个句子只需细微的差别，但答案却不同：做这种题时，要经过复原先行词种题时，要经过复原先行词,看先行词在定语从句中所看先行词在定语从句中所充任的成分；充

8、任的成分；1中是动宾关系，即中是动宾关系，即I visited the factory.因此选因此选which2中中factory应在定语从句中作地点状语，即：应在定语从句中作地点状语，即：I worked in the factory，因此选，因此选where。3中是作定语从句中的主语，即中是作定语从句中的主语，即: the factory produces all kinds 不作地点状语，因此选不作地点状语，因此选whichABB(1)Hangzhou is the place _ I went last summer.2) He read the book _ his sister h

9、ad told him about.3) The reason _ Peter is so happy is that he passed the exam.4) I remember the day _ my father died. I was only ten years old at that time.5) Please give me the reason _ you were late this time.6) I will go back to the place _ I grew up and live there forever.Why/ for whichwherewhi

10、ch/that/ xWhen/on whichwhyWhere/in which1.1.根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请领会：根据从句中动词与先行词的逻辑关系，请领会： /foroninwithoutbyataboutof 2. 根据从句中动词或描画词的习惯根据从句中动词或描画词的习惯搭配，如：搭配，如：e.g. Can you explain to me how to use these idioms with which Im not familiar.3. 根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，根据先行词与介词的搭配习惯，请领会：请领会：e.g. 1949 was the year in wh

11、ich the P.R.C. was founded. The book _ I heard was written 20 years ago. The people _ the man spoke werent listening. The film _ I fell asleep was very boring. The pen _ she wrote that book can now be seen in a museum. The little creature _ scientists are interested is known as ET. The gun _ he was

12、shot was never found.of whichto whomin whichwith whichin whichby which三三.Whose引起从句可转换为引起从句可转换为“ of +关系代词关系代词型，即型，即 the+ n + of +which/whom 如：如：e.g. They live in a house, whose door opens to the south.They lived in a house, of which the door opens to the south. They lived in a house, the door of whic

13、h open to the south.Xi hua who I met across in the street a few days ago has gone abroad. Xi hua ,who I met across in the street a few days ago has gone abroad.五五.普通说来普通说来,定语从句总是紧跟在先行词的后面定语从句总是紧跟在先行词的后面,但但有时候定语从句与先行词之间被其他成分分隔开有时候定语从句与先行词之间被其他成分分隔开来来,这样的句子叫分隔定语从句这样的句子叫分隔定语从句.There are thousands of st

14、ars in the sky that are like our sun.The days are gone when we suffered so much.Carl still remembers one afternoon in his first year when the professor took the students to the chemistry lab.六、由as引导的定语从句 as可作为关系代词来引导定语从句。such as“像一样的，“像之类 the sameas“和同样的 在这两个句型中，as是关系代词，其中such&same做定语，修饰主句的名词、代词，这个名

15、词是这个定语从句的先行词，as在从句中担任主、宾、表。例如：This is the same thing as we are in need of. Such people as you say are short now.2. such as such为代词，意思为这样的人/物“，as修饰先行词such。 例如：This book is not such as I hope.3. the sameas “和同样的 “ the same that “同一个 来引导定语从句。意思几乎一样。但从句中省去谓语时必需用as. 例如:She is the same age as you (that yo

16、u are.) This is the same pen that I lost yesterday.4. ,as “这些，“正如 as引导非限定性定语从句，相当于which引导的非限定性定语从句，有时可互换。例如：He is from , as/which they know from the way he speaks.以下情况，引导词用以下情况，引导词用that，不用，不用which1. 先行词为不定代词或被不定代词所修饰先行词为不定代词或被不定代词所修饰everything，little，much，all，anything，nothing,etc.e.g. Finally, the t

17、hief handed everything that he had stolen.2. 先行词前有描画词最高级、序数词修饰时，先行词前有描画词最高级、序数词修饰时，用用that。e.g. This is the best book (that) Ive ever read.3. 先行词被先行词被the only，the very，the last 修饰时，修饰时，用用that。e.g.He is the only person that I want to see now.4. 先行词同时指人和指物时，用先行词同时指人和指物时，用that。e.g. We talked about the t

18、hings and persons that we saw then.5. 在在who, which引导的特殊疑问句中引导的特殊疑问句中, 定语从句中定语从句中防止反复防止反复,普通也只用普通也只用that; e.g. Who is the man that is crying?6.关系代词在从句中做表语，用关系代词在从句中做表语，用 that.He doesn seem to the man (that)he was.7.在在 there be构造中用构造中用 thatThere is a new type of shoes that youmight be fond ofThis is t

19、he house in which Luxun once lived. in thatThe Changjiang River, which is the longest river in China, runs from west to east into the sea. (that)* 介词后面和逗号后面不用介词后面和逗号后面不用that 二二.以下情况常用以下情况常用which而不用而不用that(3先行词是指物的先行词是指物的that,those She found that which he looked for. (2)引导非限制性定语从句时 (1)关系代词作介词宾语时 1.An

20、yone who breaks the law is punished.2.Those who break the law are punished.3.He who breaks the law is punished.4.He who has not been to the Great Wall is not a true man. 三三 在在, anyone, those, he,that,you,they 作先行词时作先行词时(指人指人, 用用who 不用不用 “that.1. Which.as引导非限定语从句的不同：as引导非限定语从句可以放在句首，句中，或主句后面； which引导

21、非限定语从句放在主句后面 Eg:As is known to all,Taiwan belongs to China. Mary was late again ,which made the teacher angry.2. as引导非限定语从句有“正如“ 正象之义，而 which 没有,常见的构造有：As we all know,as everybody can see, as is known to all, as is said above Paper, as we all know,was first made in China.五、本卷须知1. what不引导定语从句.what=all that I want to give you what I have.(宾语从句2. 先行词被the same 修饰时，关系代词既可用that,