浅析分词热点考题及对应策略

1、六、过去分词、现在分词、和不定式作宾补的区别。现在分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是主谓关系。其动作与谓语动作同时进行。过去分词作宾补：宾语和补语之间是动宾关系。其动作先于谓语动作。不定式作宾补：表一个完成的动作、或表一个很短时间内看到、听到或感觉到的具体动作。eg: He didn't notice me waiting. I heard the song sung in English. I saw him opening the window. I saw the window opened. I saw him open the window. I heard her sing th

2、e song in English.浅析分词热点考题及对应策略请看此题，The storm left，_ a lot of damage to this area Acause Bto have caused Cto cause Dhaving caused本题考查的是现在分词作结果状语。该题意为：暴风雨过后，给这一地区造成了巨大的损失。本句的谓语动词1eft为过去式，意指在暴风雨停止之前已造成巨大损失，表示cause这一动作发生在1eave之前，故此选D项。 顺便在这里说说分词的用法和常考点。分词主要起着形容词与副词的作用，高考侧重考查状语功能、定语功能、宾语补足语功能和独立主格结构的有关用

3、法。 一、分词的状语功能 1The visiting Minister expressed his satisfaction with the talks,_ that he had enjoyed his stay here Ahaving added Bto add Cadding Dadded 2European football is played in 80 countries _ it the most popular sport in the worldAmaking Bmakes Cmade Dto make解析1：C。这里“补充”为伴随性动作，也是一个主动性动作，应用现在分词

4、作伴随状语。解析2：A。该句表示：欧式足球运动在八十个国家开展的结果是，它使欧式足球成为世界上最受欢迎的体育运动。显然应用现在分词作结果状语。小结：分词可作时间、条件、结果、原因、伴随等状语，现在分词作状语，表示主动或进行的动作，过去分词状语表示被动或完成的动作，此时分词的逻辑主语是主句的主语，应注意人称、时态和语态的一致性。二、分词的定语功能3Most of the artists _ to the party were from South AfricaAinvited Bto invite Cbeing invited Dhad been invited4The computer cen

5、ter，_ last year，is very popular among the students in this school Aopen Bopening Chaving opened Dopened解析3：A。客人是已被邀请参加晚会的，所以应用过去分词作定语，表示完成了的动作和主谓之间的被动语态关系。解析4：D。电脑中心是去年(被)开张的，既是完成又是被动的动作，应用过去分词作定语。小结：现在分词作定语，表示正在进行的动作或主动的动作，过去分词作定语表示完成了的或被动动作，此时可换成相应的定语从句。三、分词的宾语补足语功能5Soon they could see steam _ fro

6、m the wet clothes Arise Brising Crisen Dbe rising6They knew her very wellThey had seen her_ up from childhood Agrow Bgrew Cwas growing Dto grow 解析5：B。该空表示水蒸气正从衣服上升起，应用现在分词作补足语，表示动作正在进行。 解析6：A。该句强调她已长大成人，而不强调她正在成长，应用省略to的不定式作宾语补足语。特别提醒：不定式作宾补的意义不同于作其他成分，表示完成或将要做的动作。小结：分词常作宾语补足语，其中现在分词表示正在进行的或主动的动作，过去

7、分词表示完成了或被动的动作。四、分词的独立主格结构7The murderer was brought in，with his hands _ be hind his back Abeing Bhaving tied Cto be tied Dtied8With his lips still _ ，he couldnt say a word Atrembling Btremble Cto tremble Dto be trembling解析7：D。凶手的双手一定是被绑在背后，应用过去分词构成的独立主格结构作伴随状语，表示被动动作。解析8：A。他说不出话的原因是因为他的嘴唇仍在颤抖，应用现在分词的

8、独立主格结构作原因状语，表示动作自主发出并正在进行。小结：分词的独立性结构就是指带有分词逻辑主语的结构，在句中可作时间、条件、原因、伴随等状语，其逻辑主语前边也可加上介词，其中现在分词仍表示进行的动作或主动的动作，过去分词仍表示完成了或被动的动作。 同步练习1. He looked around and caught a man _ his hand into the pocket of a passenger. A. put B. to be putting C. to put D. putting 2. Suddenly, a tall man driving a golden carri

9、age _ the girl and took her away, _ into the woods. A.seizing; disappeared B. seized; disappeare C. seizing; disappearing D. seized; disappearing3. A cook will be immediately fired if he is found _ in the kitchen. A. smoke B. smoking C. to smoke D. smoked4. Though _ money, his parents managed to sen

10、d him to university. A. lacked B. lacking of C. lacking D. lacked in5. In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wait D. to be waiting6. _ such heavy pollution already, it may now be too late to clean up the river. A. Having suffered B. Suffering C. To

11、 suffer D. Suffered7. The bell _ the end of the period rang, _ our heated discussion. A. indicating; interrupting B. indicated; interruptingC. indicating; interrupted D. indicated; interrupted8. _ from heart trouble for years, Professor White has to take some medicine with him wherever he goes. A. S

12、uffered B. Suffering C. Having suffered D. Being suffered information. 9. He sent me an E-mail, _ to get further information.A. hoped B. hoping C. to hope D. hope10. The _ boy was last seen_ near the East Lake. A. missing; playing B. missing; play C. missed; played D. missed; to play11. The picture

13、_ on the wall is painted by my nephew. A. having hung B. hanging C. hangs D. being hung12. "We can ' t go out in this weather," said Bob, _ out of the window. A. looking B. to look C. looked D. having looked13. Don't leave the water _ while you brush your teeth. A. run B. running C

14、. being run D. to run14. More and more people are signing up for Yoga classes nowadays, _ advantage of the health and relaxation benefits. A. taking B. taken C. having taken D. having been taken15. In the past, this work, _ highly skilled, was usually done by men.A. considering B. to consider C. bei

15、ng considered D. considered16. It's necessary to be prepared for a job interview. _ the answer ready will be of great help. A. To have had B. Having had C. Have D. Having17. "You can' t catch me!" Janet shouted, _ away. A. run B. running C. to run D. ran18. There was a terrible noi

16、se _ the sudden burst of light. A. following B. to be followed C. followed D. being followed 19. _ the child to bed, she began to correct the pupils' exercises. A. Sending B. Being sent C. Sent D. Having sent 20._ a reply, we decided not to wait any longer.A. Not receiving B. Receiving notC. Not

17、 having received D. Having not received21. We expressed our satisfaction with the talk, _ that we would visit the city again. A. having added B. adding C. to add D. added22. When I got back home I saw a message pinned to the door, _ "Call 68837822". A. reading B. reads C. to read D, read23

18、. _ from the space, the Great Wall lies in the mountains tike a huge dragon. A. Seeing B. Seen C. To see D. Having seen24. I should say sorry to him. I regret to help him that day. A. refusing B. to refuse C. refused D. refuse25. When _, ice changes into water. A. to heat B. heating C. heated D. the

19、y are heated26. He dived iht0 the water, _ only his face A. leaving; exposed B. leaving; exposing C. left; exposed D. left; exposing27. _ many times, but he still couldn' t understand it.A. Though he had been B. Having been told C. Having told D. He had been told28. _ his address, I couldn't go to see him yesterday. A. Not known B. Known not C. Knowing not D. Not knowing29. Reading this instructive book, _ . A. tears came to his eyes B. his eyes were filled with tears C. he burst into tears D. h