深圳牛津版九年级下课文带翻译

1、初三（下）课文（翻译）1 3Unit 1 课文（翻译）Great explorationsekspl? 're ? ? ( ? )n 探索郑和下西洋The voyages 'v ? ? ? d?航行 of Zheng He郑和是中国著名的探险家。1405,他发起了中国七大航海史上的第一次。这比 哥伦布第一次航行发现美洲新大陆早了近一个世纪。他的旅行是如此重要，人 们至今仍然研究。Zheng He was a famous Chinese explorer. In 1404, he set off 出发 from China on the first of seven great

2、 voyages 'v ? ? ? d? 航行, This was nearly'n ? ? l?差不多 a century 'sent ? ? r? 世纪 before Christopher'kr ? st ? f ? (r) Columbusk ? 'l ? mb? s first set sail 启 航 on his journey'd ? ? ? n?旅途 of discoveryd ? 'sk ? v(? )r ?发现 to America. His travels were so important that they a

3、re still studied today.郑和1371出生于云南，后来成为明朝永乐皇帝可信任的官员。皇帝下令郑造 访并探索中国以外的土地，他的任务是发展关系，建立与国外贸易通道。Zheng He was born in Yunnan in 1371. He rose to 升迁； 上升至 1 become a trusted 受信任的 oficial ? 'f ? ? (? )l 官员 of the Yongle Emperor'emp( ? )r ?皇帝 of the Ming Dynasty'da ? n? sti朝代.The emperor ordered Z

4、heng He to visit and explore? k'spl ? ? ; ek- 探索the lands outside China. His taskt d? sk任务 was to develop relationsd ? 'vel ? p发 展关系 _and set up 建立 tradetre ? d 贸易 routesru ? t路线；航线 with foreign countries.在短短几年内，他建造船舶组成了一支庞大的舰队，是当时世界上最大的。这 些船被称为宝船，它们大到足以承载25,000人以及非常多的货物。In a few years, he b

5、uilt a great fleet fli? t 舰队 of ships, thebiggest in the world at that time. The ships were known as 被称作 treasure'tre? ?贝才宝 ships. They were big enough to carry 25,000people as well as 以及； 还 very large quantities of'kw an? ti 大量的 goods货物.从1405年至1433年，郑和前后共进行了七次远游，并参观了东南亚，中 东，甚至非洲的东海岸。看上去没有哪能

6、远到他们去不了的地方。这些航行使 得中国通过贵重物品如黄金、白银和丝绸进行贸易。From 1405 to 1433, Zheng He went on seven trips and visited SouthEast Asia ? e? ? ?亚洲，the Middle East and even the east coastk ? ? st 海岸 of Africa. It seemed that nowhere was too far for him to visit. These voyages'v ? ? ? d?航行 allowed China to tradetre ?

7、d交易 valuable'v ? Ij ? b(? )l贵重的 goods like gold, silver's ? lv ?银 and silks ? lk丝绸.每次航次结束，郑和返回时都带回在中国从没见过的很多东西，譬如来自非洲 的长颈鹿。除了发展贸易，航行也带动了文化和技术的交流，帮助了这些国家 和地区的发展。At the end of each voyage, Zheng He returned with many things that were seen in China for the first time, such as a giraffed? ? '

8、;r a :f长颈鹿 from Africa ? fr ? k?非洲.Besidesb ? 'sa ? dz除了 developing trade 发展贸易,the voyages also encouraged ? n'k? r? d?; en-鼓励 the exchange ? ks't ? end?交换 of cultures'k ? lt ? ?文化 and technologiestek'n ? l ? d? ? 技 术 . They helped the developments ? 'vel ? pm(? )nt 发 展 of th

9、ose countries and regions'ri ? d? (? )n地区.1433年，郑和在他最后一次航行中去世了。然而，他的航行成就是如此巨大， 人们仍然铭记他，视他为开拓世界各地不同民族之间文化交流的先驱。Zheng He died in 1433 during his last voyage'v ? ? ? d?航行. However, his voyages were such a huge achievement ? 't ? i ? vm(? )nt成就 that people still remember him as a pioneerpa?

10、? 'n ? ?先锋 inopening up 开 创 cultural 'k ? lt ? (? )r( ? )l 文 化 的 contacts'k ? nt? kt 接触； 联系 between different peoples around the world.阅读下面的对话和对练吧。注意蓝色的字词。Read the conversationk ? nv? 'se ? ? (? )n交谈；会话 belowb ? 'l ? ? 在下面 and practice'pr ? kt ? s练习 it in pairs 两个两 个地.Pay att

11、ention to 注意 the words in blue.嗨，Tony,我今天错过了历史课，你能告诉我学了什么吗Doris: Hi, Tony. I missed 错过 the History lesson today. Can you tell me what you learnt, please当然可以，我们学了郑和他的航行。Tony: Of course. We learnt about Zheng He and his voyages.对不起，请再说一遍。Doris: Sorry, could you repeatr ? 'pi ? t重复 that, please好的，我

12、们学了郑和他的航行，他用贵重商品，如黄金、白银和丝绸做贸易。Tony: Sure. We learnt about Zheng He and his voyages. He tradedtre ? d交易 valuable'v ? lj ? b(? )l贵重的 goods 货物 like gold, silver's ? lv ?银 and silks ? lk丝绸.对不起，我没听清，你说他买卖黄金、白银和Doris: Sorry, I didn ' t quite catch 明白 you. You said he traded gold, silverand 丝绸，

13、有一次，他甚至带回来一只长颈鹿！Tony: Silk. Oncew ? ns一次；曾经；一旦 he even brought back 带回 a giraffed ? ? 'r a :f长颈鹿马可波罗Marco Polo在杭州西湖，有一个旅行者的小雕像，他的名字叫马可波罗。By West Lakele ? k湖，in the city of Hangzhou, there is a small statue'st ? t ? u雕像 of a traveler. His name was Marco Polo.马可波罗在威尼斯城长大，在现今的意大利。1271年，当他17岁的时候

14、，他跟随他的父亲和叔叔开始了他的亚洲旅程，并且在长达24年中一直没有回家。他的旅程横穿亚洲，沿着丝绸之路，游遍整个中国。他很喜欢杭州，以至 于他将其形容为“世界上最好的城市”。Marco Polo grew up 长大 in the city of Venice'venis 威尼斯,in present-day'prez ? nt'dei 当今的 Italy. In 1271, when he was 17 years old, he set off 出发 on a journey to Asia ? e? ? ? 亚洲 withhis father and uncle

15、, and did not return home until 24 years later.His travels took him across ? 'kr ? s横穿 Asia, along the Silk Roadand throughout 0 ru ? 'a ? t 贯穿 China. He loved Hangzhou so much that he described d ? 'skra ? b描述 it as “the finest city in the world ” .当马可波罗最终回到威尼斯时，当时有一场战争，他被抓获了。他在监狱里 时，他把

16、他的旅行故事告诉了另一个人。这个人把这些故事写成了一本书，取 名叫马可波罗游记。因为书中对亚洲生活的精彩描述，很快马可波罗的 旅游在欧洲被众所周知了。When Polo finally returned to Venice, there was a warw? ?战争 andhe was captured'k ? pt ? ?俘获.While he was in prison'pr ? z( ? )n监狱,he told the stories of his travels to another man there. This man wrote the stories dow

17、n in a book called The Travels of Marco Polo. Because of the interesting descriptionsd? 'skr ? p? (? )n描述of Asian ? e? ? n, ? e? ? n亚洲的 life in the book, Polo' s travels soon became well known 变得著名 in Europe'j ? r? p欧洲.这些故事让许多欧洲人第一次了解亚洲人民的生活和文化。马可波罗讲到的 许多神奇的东西在欧洲是闻所未闻的，如：纸币。他还写了一篇是关于中国的

18、发展，和她的大城市以及通信系统。他的书让欧洲人越来越对东方感兴趣，这 也影响了许多其他的探险家，包括克里斯托弗哥伦布。1324年，马可波罗临死前说的最后一句话是：“我看到的，还有一半没有告诉你们。”The stories gave many Europeans? ? r? 'pi ? ? n欧洲人 their firstlook at the life and culture'k? lt ? ?文化；文明 of the people inAsia. Polo told of many amazing ? 'me? z? ?令人惊异的 things that were u

19、nknown to Europe, such as paper money. He also wrote about China' s developmentd ? 'vel ? pm(? )nt 发展， with its large cities and systems's ? st ? m 系 统； 制 度ofcommunicationk ? mju? n? 'ke ? ? (? )n通讯； 交流.His book made Europeans more and more interested in the East. It also influenced?

20、 nfl ? ? ns影响 many other explorersek'spl ? ? r? (r)探险家，including ? n'klu ? d? ?包括 Christopher Columbus. Polo diedin 1324. His last words were:"I did not tell half of what Isaw.”Culture cornerFerdinand MegellanFerdinand Megellan (1480 1521) was a Portuguese ,p? ? tj ? 'gi ? z;-t? ?-

21、葡萄牙 的 explorerek'spl ? ? r? (r)探险家.In 1519, he led the first voyage to sailse? l 航行 around the world. It was also thefirst voyage to sail from the Atlantic ? t'l ? nt? k Ocean' ? ? ? (? )n大西洋 to the Pacificp ? 's ? f? k Ocean 太平洋. Magellan gave the Pacific Ocean its name, which means

22、 “peaceful 'pi ? sf? l;-f( ? )l 和 平的； 平静 的 sea”inPortuguese。? ? tj ? 'gi ? z; -t ? ?-葡萄牙语二 However, Magellan himself was killed in a battle'b ? t( ? )l战役；斗争 before the voyage was finished. Only one of his ships, the Victoriav ? k't ? ? r? ?维多利亚，completedk ? m'pli ? t完成 the journe

23、y.Would you like to travel around the world How would you do it and where would you goUnit 2 课文（翻译）Culture'k ? It ? ?文化 shock ? ? k冲击;休克;震惊在其他国家生活我的名字是 Brad 生在美国的经历。Living in another countryLi o今天我在这里给大家介绍一下我去年作为一个交换学My name is Brad Li. I'm here today to tell you about my experienceas an exc

24、hange？ ks't ? e? nd? ; eks- 交 换 student in the United States last year 去年.我必须承认，第一次到美国对我来说是一个很大的文化冲击。许多事情对我来 说都很怪异：语言，食物，甚至学校。I must admit ? d'm? t 承认 that at first America was a big culture shock ? ? k for me. Many things were strange to me, the food and even the school.我的寄宿家庭是住在一个小镇上。主人家的父

25、母，Hurst 先生和夫人都很亲切。他们在我的空闲时间里组织了大量的活动，所以我不会想家或感到孤独。I stayed with a host family 寄宿家庭 in a small town. My hosth ? ? st主持；主人 parents, Mr and Mrs Hurst, were very kind.They organized '? r(? na? z组织 a lot of activities ? k't ? v? t ?活动 for me in my spare timespe ?空余时间 so that I wouldn' t miss

26、home or feel lonely.然而，一定程度上，在美国的生活还是很难习惯。我的主要问题是语言。前几 个星期里我很多都听不明白，因为每个人都说得很快。尽管我很快就设法去适 应它，还是因为他们用了很多成语而产生了问题。例如：当他们身体不舒服 时，他们常说自己是“根据天气”。他们的日常英语与我们在中国学习的有很大不同。However, to a certain degreed ? 'gri ?在某种程度上，life in the US was hard to get used to 习惯.My mainme ? n主要的 problem was withthe language&#

27、39;l ? ? gw? d?语言.I failed to 未能 understand much in_ the first few weeks because everyone spoke so fast. Though I soon managed to'm ? n? d?设法，努力 get used to it, I still had problems because they used a lot of idioms' ? d? ? m成语； 习语.For example, they often say they are “under the weather"

28、; when they are ill. Their everyday English is very different from what we learn in China.另一个方面是食物。我的寄宿家庭总是吃面包、土豆和沙拉。我真的很想念家 里的饺子、米饭和美味佳肴。Another difference was the food. My host family always had bread, potatoes and salad for meals. I really missed the dumplings'd ? mpl? ? 饺 子， ricera ? s 米 饭 a

29、nd deliciousd ? 'l ? ? ? s美味的 dishes'di ? iz菜肴；盘；碟子 from home.学校也是一个很大的冲击。它们不要求学生穿校服，所以学生几乎可以穿任何 他们喜欢的衣服。有些学生整的奇怪的发型也是如此，有些甚至把头发染成粉 红色或紫色！School was a big shock too. They do not requirer? 'kwa ? ? 需要; 要求 students to wear uniformsju ? n? f? ? m制®, so students can wear almost whatever

30、 they like. Some students have strange hairstyles'he ? sta ? l 发型 as well 也. Some students even have pinkp ? ? k粉色的 or purple'p ? ? p(? )l紫色的 hair!无论如何，当年我还是有许多美好的回忆的，尤其是冬天在雪地里玩耍，打打 棒球。在万圣节，我打扮成哈利波特里的一个角色；在感恩节，我们有 一个大火鸡大快朵颐。Anyway'en ? we?不管怎样；总之， I have many greatmemories'mem(? )r ?

31、记忆 of that year, especially ? 'spe ? (? )l ?; e-尤其；特另U playing in the snow in winter,and playingbaseball'be ? sb? ? l棒球.At Halloween ? h? l ? ? 'i ? n万圣节，I went to a party dressedas fl 扮成 Harry Potter. AtThanksgiving, 8 ? ? ks' v? ?感恩节，we had a big dinner with a huge turkey't ? ?

32、 k?火鸡；笨蛋.这是令人激动的一年，对我来说是宝贵的教育经历。现在，我更多地了解美国 文化。我的美国朋友问我了许多关于在中国生活的问题，这让我想起我自己的 文化也是如此。It was an exciting year, and it was a valuable'v? Ij ? b( ? )l 珍贵的educationedj ? 'ke ? ? (? )n教育 for me. Now I understand more about American culture. My American friends asked me many questions about life

33、in China, and this made me think about my own culture as well 也.Sam一名交换生，正在与他的中国老师一一李老师，讨论美国和中国的节日。 阅读他们的对话，两人一组练习，注意蓝色的字词。Sam, an exchange? ks't ? end? 交 换 student, is discussing d ? 'sk ? s讨论 festivals'fest ? v(? )l节日 in the US and China with his Chinese teacher, Mr Li. Read their conv

34、ersationk ? nv? 'se ? ? (? )n交谈；会话 and practice'pr ? kt ? s 练习 it in pairs. Pay attention to ? 'ten ? (? )n 注意 the words in blue.Sam你享受你在中国的第一个春节Mr Li: Sam, did you enjoy your first Spring Festival'fest? v(? )l 春节 in China是的，我很享受。在这个节日期间，许多家庭成员聚在一起。Sam: Yes, I did. During this festiv

35、al, many family members 'memb?成员get together 聚在一起.是的，我听说在感恩节美国人也聚在一起吃些特殊的食特，这听起来很相似。Mr Li: Yes, I hear that at Thanksgiving, 0 ? ? ks' v? ?感恩节 Americans also get together for a special mealmi? l 一餐； 一顿饭.Itsounds similar.是的，挺相似的。在这些节假日，无论是中国人和美国人，都赶回家举行一个 很大的晚餐。这很有趣。Sam: Yes. It ' s simil

36、ar. During these holidays, both the Chinese and Americans come home and have a big dinner. It ' s great fun.你认为春节和感恩节之间的主要区别是什么Mr Li: What do you think are the mainme? n主要的 differences between the Spring Festival and Thanksgiving嗯，我们参加不同的活动，吃不同种类的食物。在中国，人们通常燃放烟花和 吃饺子；而在美国，我们通常观看感恩节游行和电视上的美式足球比赛，

37、我们 还吃火鸡。Sam: Well, we take part in参力口 different activities ? k't ? v? t?活动 and eat different kinds of food. In China, people usually set off fireworks 'fa ? ? W? ? k放烟花 and eat dumplings'd ? mpl? ?饺子. In the US, we usually watch a Thanksgiving paradep? 're ? d游行； 阅兵 and an American f

38、ootball game on TV. We also eat turkey't? ? k?火鸡.那很有意思。Mr Li: That' s interesting.Read the article' a? t? k(? )l 文章 about education, ? d? u'ke ? ? n 教育 in the UK and discussd ? 'sk ? s讨论 the differences between education in the UK and China. Then complete k ? m'pli ? t完成 the

39、table'te ? b(? )l表格 below.英国的教育Education in the UK在英国，每个孩子都必须接受全日制教育，直到 16岁。父母可以选择送子女去 公立学校，（这类学校）是免费的，或者去一所私立学校，（这类学校）需要付Every child in the UK must receiver ? 'si ? v收到 a full-time 专职 的；全日制的 education until the age of 16. Parents can choose to send their children either to a state school, w

40、hich is free, or to a private'pra ? v? t 私人的 school, where a feefi ? 费用 is requiredr ? 'kwa? ?需要；要求.每学年一般分为三个学期。每个学期结束后是假期。暑假是最长的，一般从 7 月中旬持续到9月初。The school year is generally'd ? en（? ）r ? l ?通常 divided into d ? 'va ? d分成 three termst ? ? m学期；术语.Each term ends in a holiday. The summe

41、r holiday is the longest and usually lasts from the middle of July to the beginning of September.教育主要有两个阶段一一小学和中学。5岁至11岁是上小学。主要科目是数学，英语，历史，地理，科学，美术，音乐和体育。中学是从 11岁至16岁 或18岁。授教相同的科目，以及其他科目，如外语（通常是法语，德语或西 班牙语）、技术和计算机学。Educationhas two main stagesste ? d?阶段； 舞台primaryschool'pra ? m(? )r ?小学 and seco

42、ndary school'sek(? )nd( ? )r ?中学.Primary schools are for students from the age of 5 to 11. The main subjects ? s? bd? ekt科目 are Mathsm? 8 s数学，English, History, Geographyd ? ? ' ? gr? f?地理，Science, Art, Music and PE 体育.Secondary schools are for students from the age of 11 to 16 or 18. The sam

43、e subjects are taught there, as well as 以及 other subjects such as foreign languages 'l ? ? gW? d? 外语(usually French, German or Spanish'sp ? n? ? 西 班 牙 语), Technologytek'n ? l ? d? ?技术 and Computer Studies.16岁后，学生可以选择找工作或是在学校或学院继续深造，直到他们18岁16到18岁，学生只能选择3到4个科目进行学习。两年（学业）结束后， 必须参加一些重要的考试。如果

44、他们考得好，他们就可以上大学学习。英国有 超过100所大学，最有名的是牛津大学和剑桥大学。After the age of 16, students can either finds a job or continue their studies at a school or college'k? l ? d?大学 until they are18. Between the age of 16 and 18, students must choose only three or four subjects ? s? bd? ekt科目 to study. At the end of t

45、he two years, they must take some important exams. If they do well, they can then go on to study at universityju ? n? 'v ? ? s? t?大学.Thereare over 100 universities in the UK, and the most famous are the University of Oxford ' ? ksf ? d牛津 and the University of Cambridge ? kembr? d?剑桥.English

46、around the worldJust like many other languages'l ? ? gw? d? 语言， there are different varieties v ? 'ra ? ? t ?多样；种类 of English, and not everyone speaks English in the same way.The two most important varieties of English are British'br ? t? ?英国的 English and American English. They have many

47、 small differences in grammar 'gr ? m?语法 and vocabulary v ? (? )'k ? bj ? l ? r?词 7匚.For example, the British say“trousers ” 'tra ? z? z裤子 whileAmericans usually say “pants ” p ? n(t)s 裤子.However, the biggest difference is in pronunciationpr ? ,n ? ns? 'e? ? (? )n发音.What other variet

48、ies of English do you know about Do you know how they are differentUnit 3课文(翻译)The environment ? n'va ? r? nm(? )nt; en- 环境世界正处于危险之中The world is in danger 'de ? n(d) ? ?危险我们的世界正处于危险之中，我们必须做些什么来保护环境。但是，什么是我 们面临的主要问题呢Our world is in danger. We must do something to protectpr ? 'tekt保护 the e

49、nvironment. But, what are the mainme ? n主要的 problems we face温室效应The greenhouse 'gri ? nha? s温室 effect ? 'fekt 影响；效果围绕着地球的大气层对一切生物来说，是不可或缺的。它像一个玻璃温室，让 阳光照进来并避免热量流失。没有它，地球将会像月亮一样冷冰而且没有生 命。The atmosphere ' ? tm? sf ? ?大气； 气氛 around the Earth is necessary 'nes ? s(? )r ?必需的 for all livin

50、g things. It is like theglassof a greenhouse, lettingsunlight's? nla ? t日光 inandkeeping heat hi ? t热量 from getting out. Withoutw ? e 'a ? t没有 it,the Earth would be thesame asthe Moon coldandlifeless'la ? fl ? s无生命的.当我们燃烧燃料时，如汽油和煤炭，会产生一种叫做二氧化碳的气体。这种气 体如果太多，就会对空气造成污染，并使其保持过多的热量。温室效应结果， 就是地

51、球的温度增加。这将导致海平面上升，并且未来可能会导致城市的消 失。When we burn b? ? n燃 烧 fuelsfj ? ? l 燃料 such as petrol'petr( ? )l 汽 油andcoal k? ? l 煤炭， weproduce pr ? 'dju? s生产；产生 a gas g? s气体calledcarbon 'k c? b(? )n碳 dioxide da ? ' ? ksa? d二氧化物.Too much of this gas pollutes p ? 'lu ? t污染 the atmosphere '

52、 ? tm? sf ? ?大气，and causesk ? ? z弓I起； 原因 it to keep in too much heat. As a result of r ? 'z ? It 结 果 the greenhouse effect, the Earth ' s temperature'temp( ? )r ? t ? ?温度 is increasing ? n'kri ? s增力口.This causes k ? ? z引起；原因 sea level 'lev( ? )l海平面 torisera ? z上升，and in the futur

53、e 在 未 来 may cause cities to disappeard ? s? 'p ? ?消失 砍伐森林Cutting down 砍伐 forests 'f ? r? st森林每年，我们都乱砍乱伐毁掉大面积的自然森林。这导致温室效应更加糟糕，因 为树木能吸收二氧化碳产生氧气。乱砍乱伐还破坏了生活在森林的动物的家 园，并造成土壤表面水土流失。这可能导致洪水泛滥，对环境造成更大的危 害。Every year, we destroyd ? 'str ? ?破坏 nature by cuttingdownhuge hju ? d?巨大的 areas 'e ?

54、r? ?地区；区域 of forests. This makes the greenhouse effect worse because trees take in 吸收 CO2 ( carbon 'k c? b(? )n dioxideda ? ' ? ksa? d ) and producepr ? 'dju ? s生产 oxygen' ? ks? d? (? )n氧气.Cutting down trees also destroys d ? 'str ? ?破坏 the homes of the animals that live in our f

55、orests, and causes k ? ? z 弓 I 起 the surface 's ? ? f? s表面 of the soil s ? ? l 土地；土壤 to be easily destroyed by rain. This can result in 导致 floodsfl ? d洪水and evenmore damage'd ? m? d?损 害；损 毁 to theenvironment ? n'va ? r? nm(? )nt; en-环境.陋习Bad habits'h ? b? t习惯我们的很多(坏)习惯造成污染。人们经常使用一次性的

56、东西，或者把它们扔 在地上形成垃圾。这将导致垃圾堆积如山，污染我们的土地和海洋。Many of our habits cause k? ? z引起 pollution p? 'lu ? ? (? )n污 染.People often use things once and then throw them away 扔掉,orleave them on the ground gra ? nd地面 as 作为 litter 'l ? t ?垃 圾.This createskri ? 'e ? t创造；造成；创作 mountains of 大量的 rubbish 'r

57、? b? ?垃圾 and pollutes p ? 'lu ? t污染 our land and seas.为了保护环境，我们必须采取适当的措施。我们应该有别于某些消费者，而成 为“绿色消费者”。这意味着，我们应该只购买和使用对环境无害的产品。很多东西我们还应该尽我们所能进行回收，可以再重复使用，或者将其用于新用 途。只要我们学会以一种新的方式生活，我们是可以有所作为的。In order to 为了 protect the environment ? n'va ? r? nm(? )nt 环境， we need to take proper 'pr ? p? actio

58、n采取合适的行动 .We shouldbe different from 不同于 many consumersk? n'sju ? m?消费者 and become “green consumers” . This means that we should only buy and use products 'pr ? d? kt 产 品 friendly to the environment ? n'va? r? nm? nt 环 境 We should also recycle ri ? 'sa ? k( ? )l 重复利用 as many things a

59、s we can. We can reuseri ? 'ju ? z再使用 things for the same purpose'p ? ? p? s目的 as before, or we can use them for new purposes. If we just learn to live in new and different ways, we can make a difference 有影响.阅读下面的对话并结伴练习，注意蓝色的字词。Read the conversationk ? nv? 'se ? ? (? )n对话 below b? 'l ? ?下面地 and practice'pr ? kt ? s练习 it in pair