英语动词分类

1、动词与动词短语动词与动词短语1.概念：概念：动词是表示动作和状态的词动词是表示动作和状态的词2. 基本形式：基本形式：n动词的四种基本形式：现在时，动词的四种基本形式：现在时，过去时，过去分词和现在分词。过去时，过去分词和现在分词。动词的规则变化nP 4332.动词的种类动词的种类1、 行为动词（即实义动词，表示动作的动词。它行为动词（即实义动词，表示动作的动词。它分为及物动词和不及物动词两种）分为及物动词和不及物动词两种） 1.1 及物动词及物动词a.动词后要求动词后要求有宾语有宾语，否则意思不完整的动，否则意思不完整的动词。词。及物动词有被动结构。及物动词有被动结构。I always re

2、view my lessons in the evening.b. 及物动词的使用结构及物动词的使用结构n1. 动词动词+宾语宾语(V.+O.)nJane likes music very much.n2. 动词动词+直接宾语直接宾语+间接宾语间接宾语(V.+O.+O.)nShe gave me a book.n3. 动词动词+宾语宾语+补语（补语（V.+O.+OC.)nI found the book interesting.2) 不及物动词不及物动词n不及物动词指不及物动词指不可带宾语不可带宾语的动词，也的动词，也不可用于不可用于被动语态被动语态。(P 444-445)nMake sent

3、ences: rise, come, worknThe sun rises in the east.He came last month.He works hard.2、连系动词类、连系动词类 连系动词只起连系作用，虽有词义但连系动词只起连系作用，虽有词义但不能单不能单独作谓语，后必须加表语一起构成谓语独作谓语，后必须加表语一起构成谓语。(P450-459)Now watch the flash and get the general idea of the link verbs.连系动词常用结构连系动词常用结构 P451n1.+形容词形容词n2. +名词、代词名词、代词n3. +副词副词 连

4、系动词后面一般不加副词。连系动词后面一般不加副词。n4. +分词分词n5. +介词短语介词短语ngo bad / hungry / mad / wrong fall (fell-fallen) ill / asleep Your dream will come true one day. 变化类变化类:become（成为）（成为）, get（变得）（变得）, turn（变为）（变为）, grow（变得）（变得）, come（成为，（成为，后来证实）后来证实）, go（变成，进入（变成，进入的状态）的状态）, fall（变成）（变成）感观类感观类:look（看起来）（看起来）, sound（听起

5、（听起来）来）, feel（觉得）（觉得）, taste（尝起来）（尝起来）, smell（闻起来）（闻起来）E.g. His voice sounds _. A.well B.beautifully C.excellent D.wonderfullyCn显得类显得类:seem, appear, look It looks as if/ though It seems as if / that It appears that 可接从句可接从句 eg. It looks as if it is going to rain. He looked as though he were from the

6、 country.“look” 为连系动词，意为为连系动词，意为“看起来、似乎看起来、似乎”，从句中的谓语，从句中的谓语多用直陈语气，有时可以用虚拟语气。多用直陈语气，有时可以用虚拟语气。n状态类状态类:keep, stay, remain, lie, sit, stand The weather will_hot for another two weeks. A.last B.remain C.get D.turn The hot weather will _another two days. A.last B.remain C.get D.turnBA3、使役动词、使役动词/感官动词类：感

7、官动词类：n使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的使役动词是表示使、令、让、帮、叫等意义的动词动词,主要有主要有make(使使,令令), let(让让), help(帮助帮助), have(有；让；从事；允许；拿有；让；从事；允许；拿)等。等。nEg. n1）He made me laugh.n他使我发笑。他使我发笑。n2）I let him go.n我让他走开。我让他走开。nlook, sound, smell, taste, feel这一类的动词这一类的动词既可作既可作连系动词连系动词，又可作感官动词。，又可作感官动词。除除look外，外，其他几个动词的主语往往是物而不是人其他几个动词的

8、主语往往是物而不是人。nEg.nThese flowers smell very sweet.n这些花闻起来很香。这些花闻起来很香。 nThe tomatoes feel very soft.n这些西红柿摸起来很软。这些西红柿摸起来很软。 使役动词和感官动词练习使役动词和感官动词练习nThe boss made them _12 hours a day.nA.work B.to work nC.worked D.workingnThey were made_12 hours a day.nA.work B.to work nC.worked D.workingABnThe boy was la

9、st seen_football on the playground.nA.play B.playing C.to play D.playednHe often heard this song_by the famous singer.nA.sing B.singing C.to sing D.sungnHe had his leg_.nA.break B.breaking nC.to break D.brokenBD D4、主动表被动类：、主动表被动类：n与与easily ,well等副词连用的动词等副词连用的动词 nsell, wash, burn, cook, cut, drive, d

10、ress, play, last, open, write, start, translate, run, read, operate, break, measure, weighnDry wood burns easily.nThe cloth washes well.nThis phrase does not translate well into Chinese.n-Have you got a ticket for the concert? -No, the tickets_well and they _out last week. A.sell;were sold nB.sell;s

11、old nC.sell;have been sold nD.are sell;sold A5、一般只接动名词做宾语的词、一般只接动名词做宾语的词/词组词组nmind, risk, avoid, enjoy, miss, keep, suggest, appreciate, practice, delay, finish, dislike, excuse, imagine, consider, forbid, escape admit, advise, allow, nput off, give up, be worth, be busynget down to, devoteto, look

12、forward to, be used to, lead to, nsucceed in, spend/waste time (in) have a good/hard time (in) have difficulty /trouble (in) there is no use(in) nShe looked forward every spring to_ the flower-lined garden. A. visit B. paying a visit C. walk in D. walking innI would appreciate _back this afternoon. A. you to call B. you call C. your calling D. youre callingDCB6、一般只接不定式作宾语的词、一般只接不定式作宾语的词/词组词组ndecide, expect, hope, wish, order, refuse, promise, pretend, agree, seem, attempt, fail, offer, happen, warn, affordnShe pretended_me when I passed by. A.no