外研英语选修七语言点整理

1、Module 1 Basketball一、重难点单词与短语 1abrupt adj.（1）意外的，突然的： e.g.an abrupt change in the weather （2）无理的，唐突的 e.g.He has an abrupt manner. （3）陡的，险峻的；急转的 e.g.an abrupt hill an abrupt turn词性变化： abruptly adv. 突然地，唐突地 abruptness n. 突然，唐突；(举止, 言谈等的)粗鲁无理 2absorb v. （1）吸收（液体）；承受；承担 e.g.absorb moisture from the air

2、We will not absorb these charges. （2）吸取（知识）；占有 e.g.The boy absorbs new knowledge quickly. =The boy absorbs into new knowledge quickly. =The boy takes in new knowledge quickly.This job absorbs all of my time. 注意：absorb in的意思是“吸引，专心于”，absorb into才是“吸收”。 （3）吸引；使专心；使全神贯注 e.g.to absorb in study The write

3、r was absorbed in his writing that he forgot to flick the ashes from his cigar.be absorbed in 全神贯注在，一心从事，热衷于 拓展：“全神贯注，专心”的表达方法： be lost in/lose oneself in 全神贯注于；沉湎于 e.g.She lost herself in the book. bury (oneself) in 埋头于；专心于 e.g.He buried himself in his work. concentrate/focus()on 集中在；专心于 e.g.You mu

4、st try to focus your mind on work and study. A driver should concentrate on the road when driving.（4）并吞；兼并 e.g.to absorb the small states In the past 10 years, the company has gradually absorbed all its smaller rivals.3apologize/apologise v. 道歉，辩白 常见搭配： apologize to sb. apologize to sb. for sth. apo

5、logize to sb. for doing sth. apologize for oneself e.g.I have come to apologize to you. I apologized to her for stepping on her foot. I must apologize to you for being late. He apologized for having to leave early. 词性变化：apology n. 道歉；辩解；辩护 make/offer an apology to sb. for (doing) sth.4appoint vt.任命，

6、委派 e.g.The President appointed a new cabinet member. We must appoint a new teacher at once to the mountain school.习惯用法： （1）appoint sb.(to be)+职务或appoint sb. as+职务：任命某人为 （to be可以省略；注意职务前不加任何冠词。） e.g.appoint sb. to a post 派某人任某职 （2）appoint (+时间、地点等)to do：指定或约定做某事 e.g.to appoint a time for the meeting

7、They appointed a place to exchange stamps. 辨析：appoint, name和assign appoint指官方委任。 e.g.He was appointed as export manager of the firm.He was appointed mayor of the city. name提名，指定（非正式用语，一般不强调被推选的职务） e.g.Since no one has volunteered, I hereby name the following to take charge of the matter.assign委派，分配（

8、一般不涉及职位） e.g.He was assigned an important mission. 派生词： appointment n. 约会，安排 appointee n. 被任命者 appointer n. 任命者 disappoint vt. 使失望 disappointed adj. 失望的 disappointing adj. 令人失望的 disappointment n . 失望；令人失望的人 5confirm v.（1）证实，进一步确定 e.g.The expression on her face confirmed our worst fears.（2）批准 e.g.Whe

9、n do you think the president will confirm you in office？ 6attend v.（1）attend作及物动词，意为“出席、参加”（= be present at or go to）。 e.g.Did you attend the concert last night？ She attends church every day. 注：attend主要用来表示参加或出席会议、听课、上学或看演出等，成为这一集体活动的一名听众或观众。 （2）attend作及物动词，意为“护理、照料”（= look after, treat）。 e.g.She ha

10、d to stay at home to attend her sick mother.The doctor has many patients to attend every day.（3）attend作不及物动词，意为“注意、倾听”（= pay attention to ），这时常与介词to 连用。 e.g.Please attend to what Im going to say. 7basis n. 基础；根据；主要部分 e.g.What is the basis of your opinion？ Dont evaluate a person on the basis of appea

11、rance. The basis of this drink is orange juice. 辨析：base与basis这两个词在作名词时可表示“基础；基地”，但其意义是不同的。base用来指某物体的具体“基础”或底部的“支柱”。 e.g.We camped at the base of the mountain. Our companys base is in New York, but we have extended many branches all around the world.而basis则用来表示抽象意义上的“基础”，常用于比喻句。 e.g.Whats the basis

12、of your opinion？ We are willing to develop economic relations with all countries on the basis of mutual benefits.习惯用语： on a fifty-fifty basis 对等地(平分)on.basis (=on the basis of) 以为根据，在基础上 provide a .basis for 为提供根据 8average（1）average作名词，表示“平均”。 e.g.The average of 4,5 and 9 is 6. Parents spend an aver

13、age of $220 a year on toys for their children. The living standard of the people there is above the average.常见短语：on average 平均 e.g.After he became famous, he received 50 letters a day on average.We fail one student per year on average.（2）average作形容词，表示“平均的”。 e.g.The average age of the students in ou

14、r class is seventeen.9be rude to sb. 对人很粗鲁，对某人粗暴无礼 e.g.He was punished because he was rude to his teacher.If you are rude to the boss, you will lose chances of success.反义：be friendly/good/kind to sb. 对友好 10attract/draw sb.s attention 引起某人的注意，使某人注意 常见attention短语： attract/draw sbs attention to 将某人的注意力

15、吸引到上去 pay attention to/give ones attention to 注意 call sb.s attention to 叫某人注意 bring sth. to sb.s attention 使某人注意 turn sb.s attention to 把注意力转到 fix/focus/hold/center sb.s attention on sth. 把注意力集中在 e.g.We should pay attention to state affairs. Give your whole attention to what you are doing.She drew m

16、y attention to a mistake in the report. She turned her attention to a new problem. 11if necessary 如必要的话 当从句是由“引导词十it is/it wasadj.”这一结构时，可将it is或it was省略，类似的说法有when necessary, when possible, if possible等。 e.g.If necessary, well try our best to help you.（If it is necessary,） If necessary, we shall se

17、nd a telegram home. This difficulty must be avoided if possible.12take possession of 占有，占领 e.g.The army took possession of this area two hours ago. The old couple took possession of the house 30 years ago. He took possession of this car last year.拓展：(sb. be) in possession of sth. 某人占有/拥有 e.g.Who is

18、in possession of the property？ He is in possession of this house.I am in possession of the beautiful car.The person in possession of the big house is excited.in the possession of =in sb.s possession 某物/某人被某人所占 e.g.That island was in the possession of that country late in the sixteenth century. The b

19、eautiful car is in my possession/in the possession of me.My brother is in possession of all the business. =All the business is in the possession of my brother. 二、句子解析 1Michael Jordan was the second player to score more than 3,000 points in a season.the first/second/thirdlast to do意为“第一/二/三最后一个做的人”。英

20、语中，常在序数词后用不定式结构来指“第几个做某事的人”。 e.g.Tom is always the first to come and the last to leave.China was one of the first countries in the world to study the science of farming.Alice was the first to arrive. 2At one point, Chamberlain was so much better than all the other players that they changed the rules

21、 of the game to try to stop him.（1）at one point意为“一度，曾今”。 e.g.My friend and I saw a film yesterday and at one point she was moved to tears. （2）本句中的sothat意为“如此以致”，引导结果状语从句，可用于以下 句型： soadj. /adv.thatsoadj.a/an单数名词thate.g.It is so beautiful a bike that we all like it.提醒：不可说：It is a so beautiful bike th

22、at we all like it.拓展：“如此以致”句型也可用such表达，可用以下句型： such a/an单数名词thatsuch + adj.复数名词/不可数名词thate.g.The bike is so beautiful that we all like it.=It is such a beautiful bike that we all like it.注意：英语中象too, as, so, that等词与形容词一起修饰单数可数名词时，应该用句型too/as/so/thatadj.a/ann.结构。 （3）句中much修饰形容词比较级better, much, rather,

23、 a lot, a great deal, far, by far, not a little等修饰比较级表示“得多”。 e.g.This kind of paper was as soft as light, but much less expensive.This hat is rather more expensive than that. Jack is a lot taller than Lucy. This village is a great deal richer than that one. They need far more money than we do.Tom is

24、 by far the cleverer of the two.注意： 用by far修饰比较级时比较级前应有定冠词the。 much修饰比较级，more用于多音节词或部分双音节词前构成比较级。 very不能修饰比较级。 rather可修饰比较级，fairly却不可。 a lot, a great deal修饰比较级时表示程度，词组中不带of。 3The giant player the NBAs Philadelphia Warriors in the 1959-1960 season and was an immediate success. success在这里作可数名词（抽象名词具体化

25、），意为“成功的人或事”。 e.g.He was not a success as a teacher.The conference was a success. 抽象名词一般是不可数名词，但有些抽象名词可以具体化，用作可数名词，表示“的人/事” 。 类似的词有：surprise, pity等，但fun作“开心的人或事”仍是不可数名词。 4But there is no doubt that he deserves the title “outstanding player of his generation”. doubt用在否定句中，后面接that引导的同位语从句。 e.g.I have

26、no doubt that he will succeed. There is no doubt that they will agree with you on this matter. There is no doubt that he is guilty.doubt用作名词常与about/of/as to/on等介词连用。e.g.There is no doubt about it. I have no doubt of his ability. She has her doubts as to this being true. No one has any doubt on this

27、point.。 三、典型例题讲解 1How about putting some pictures into the report？ _ A picture is worth a thousand words.（江苏卷） ANo way. BWhy not？ CAll right？ DNo matter.答案：B 2I must apologize _ you know ahead of time. Thats all right. Afor letting not Bfor not letting Cto let Dnot to let答案：B选择题：1Mr. Green has recen

28、tly been _ of the company.Aappointed to president Bappointed presidentCappointed a president Dappointed the president 2Try to explain this new theory and give actual examples _.Aif it needed Bwhen necessaryCwhere they are possibleDwhen you are possible3You will soon _ it.Abe used to Bused toCuse to

29、Dbe use to4The girl didnt even look up, all her attention was _ on the pretty doll.Apaid BgivenCdrawnDfixed5The party was _ success. We sang and danced until it came to _ end at midnight. Aa; anBa; the Cthe; anD/;an6My father was among the first people _ to the west. AgoingBto goCgone Dhaving gone7G

30、reat attention must be paid_ education, especially in the countrysideAdevelop Bto developCto developing Ddeveloping8一How are the team playing?Theyre playing well, but one of them _ hurt. Agot BgetsCare Dwere9The boy used to be good. We are _ about why he has changed that much.AworriedBpleasedCdisapp

31、ointed Dpuzzled 10The _ of blood always makes him feel sick.AsightBlookCview Dscene11I wonder what difficulty he had _ the plan. Ato carry out Bcarrying outCcarried outDwith carrying out 12He is brave, hard-working and kind, so he was selected _monitor of our class.Aas a Bto be theCaD不填13Mrs. Greens

32、 car ran into a large tree and she _ in the accident.Agot badly hurtBwas injured badlyCgot badly woundedDwas wounded badly14Nothing can stop a _ student _ his mind to give up his studies.Apromised; to change Bpremised; changingCpromising; changing Dpromising; to change15Although the prices of TV set

33、 are_，he managed to make the manager _ the price of that TV set. Agoing up; bring down Bgone up; go downCgoing up; brought down Dgoing down; bring up答案与提示： 1B。句意为“格林先生最近被任命为公司总裁”。本题为搭配问题。任命某人一个职务不要加“to”，职务前也不能用冠词。 2B。句中when引导的时间状语从句补充完整为when it is necessary(to explain this new theory and give actual

34、 examples.)省略了形式主语it及动词is。 3A。句意为“你很快就会习惯它的。” be used to sth.习惯于。 4D。 fix ones attention on sth.是固定短语，意为“把注意力集中在某事上”此题用了它的被动语态。其他选项都不符合结构需要，应排除。 5A。解答该题的关键是要把握抽象名词与抽象名词具体化代指某一个人或事物时，前面冠词的用法以及一些固定短语中冠词的使用。第一空抽象名词success在此具体化，代指the party，意思为“一次成功的晚会”。 故应该用不定冠词a限定；第二空come to an end为固定短语，意思为“结束”。答案A。 6B

35、。be the first to do为固定用法，指“第一个/批做的人”。7C。 从句中的pay可知考查词组pay attention to的用法。to是介词，后面的动词要使用-ing形式。又如：Pay attention to your spelling(注意你的拼写)。 8A。 本题考查主谓一致及时态的用法。因主语one of them为单数，故排除C、D两项；理解句意，结合语境便知：“受伤”是发生在过去，故用一般过去时。选项A，got是连系动词，作“变得”解，表示状态的改变，后跟形容词或过去分词作表语。题干中，空后hurt是过去分词作got的表语。又如：You might get bur

36、nt and you might drop the pan of burning oil. 9D。 used to be good表示“曾经是个好孩子”，下文的changed that(=so)much表示他改变了许多，这件事使我们十分“不解；迷惑”。 10A。 本题测试同义词的辨析：sight指以人文景观或历史遗迹为主的可供游览的地方，另外指眼之所见的场景，强调有人、物的活动在内(符合本题“场景”)；view多指在远处或高处展现在眼前的自然界 的山水风景；scene指具体的、某种周围一时的景色，以天然的景色为主；look指外表、人的神色，显然不合本题意。 11B。 分析句子结构在解本题乃至本

37、类题目时作用极大。what作为difficulty的定语，一起作had的宾语，从而构成he had what difficulty _the plan 句式，由此可知它符合句型have some (great, no，little，etc)difficulty(in)doing sth.。 12D。本题没有直接考查select的同义词的区别，只考查了select的用法及后面的冠词问题。select后面可接as或to be , 但因为被当选的是这个群体(班)的唯一职务，所以名词前不用任何冠词。 13B。 首先C、D两项应该被排除，因为wound多指在战斗、打斗中受的枪、刀伤，而此题指的是在意外事

38、故(如交通事故)，而且从badly可知受伤很严重(hurt不严重所以A项被排除)。副词的位置在解答本题中不起决定性作用。 14C。promising为形容词，意为“有前途的；有希望的”。由stop sb. doing sth.“阻止某人做某事”知第二空填动词-ing形式，这句话意为“没有什么能阻止一位有前途的学生改变主意而放弃自己的学业。” 15A。从语境看，前一空表示“上涨”，后一空表示“使降价”才合题意，而不是相反。go up是个不及物动词，bring down是及物动词Module 2 Highlights of My Senior Year一、重点单词与短语 1settle vt. &

39、amp; vi.（1）定居，安家落户 e.g.My son has settled happily in America. He settled in the country after his retirement. （2）在某处停歇或停留一时 e.g.The insect settled on a leaf. （3）使平静，镇静，放松 e.g.Wait until all the excitement has settled down. （4）解决，处理，安排好 e.g.We have settled who will pay for the meal.They settled the d

40、ispute among themselves.2suit vt. & vi.（1）suit作及物动词用，意为“适合”，主要指颜色、衣着、发式、时间、口味、气候、条件、地位等适合某人。（the color or style of a dress or hair) look welle.g.No dish suits all tastes. Does the style suit you？ Im afraid Tuesday suits me better. The new dress suits you very well. Long hair suits her. 在表示“使与相配、

41、使适合于”之意时，常用suit sth to sb./sth. 结构。e.g.He suited his speech to the audience. We should suit the action to the word. 而be suited to/for sb./sth.或be suited to do sth.意为“适合于、对适宜”。e.g.Jack and his wife seem well suited to each other. The girl is suited for teaching. = The girl is suited to be a teacher.

42、Is Western democracy suited to/for the nations of Asia？ 另外，表示“适合”的动词还有fit, match和become，要注意它们之间用法的区别：fit常表示大小、形状“适合”（be the right size or shape），引申为“吻合”。 e.g.The coat fits you well.Does the key fit the lock？ The lid fits the bottle well. match指的是在色调、形状、性质、设计等方面搭配协调、很吻合。可作及物和不及物动词。 e.g.Roses clothes

43、and hat dont match. The color of the curtains matches the wallpaper.become表示“适合”时，则有suit和fit的含义和用法。 e.g.The dress really becomes (=fits) her. Does the hat become (=fit) me？ The color becomes (=suits) you well. （2）suit作名词用时，是可数名词，意为“一套衣服、套装”。 e.g.He is wearing a grey suit. 词性变化：suitable adj. 适当的；相配的s

44、uitable后可接for sth.和to sb.。 e.g.I dont think I should be suitable for the post.The work wasnt suitable to me. 3keen adj.（1）锐利的；锋利的 e.g.A keen north wind was blowing. （2）尖刻的；敏锐的 e.g.He has a keen brain. （3）强烈的；深切的 e.g.Competition is very keen. （4）热心的；渴望的 e.g.They are rather keen to purchase Chinese go

45、ods. （5）（与连on用）热心的；对有兴趣；喜爱的 e.g.Shes keen on sailing. They are rather keen on your new-type woolens.My roommates are very keen on bridge cards among other things.（6）低廉的（价格） e.g.Please quote keen prices.4consider vt.consider大致有两种含义。含义不同，用法有别。现归纳如下：（1）consider作“考虑”解，常用于以下句型： consider+名词/代词/动名词。 e.g.Yo

46、ud better consider my suggestion. Im considering going abroad some day. consider+从句或“疑问词+不定式”。 e.g.Have you considered what he suggested？ We must consider what to do next. （2）consider作“认为”解时，常用于以下句型： consider sb./sth.+ (as)+形容词/名词。其中as可以省略。 e.g.We consider him honest. At first they considered me as

47、a doctor. consider+ sb./sth. +不定式。其中，不定式通常是to be(可以省略)或其他动词的完成式。 e.g.We consider this matter to be very important. We all consider him to have stolen the bike. consider +it +形容词/名词+不定式短语。 e.g.We consider it hard to study English well. I consider it my duty to help you with your studies.consider+宾语从句

48、。 e.g.We consider that the music is well worth listening to. 5develop vt. & vi.（1）发展，成长；增长 e.g.The company has developed into a big multinational one.（2）develop an interest in sth. 在某方面逐渐产生兴趣 e.g.She has developed an interest in international affairs.（3）冲洗，冲印（照片、胶卷等） e.g.Our holiday photos haven

49、t been developed yet.（4）开发（尤指土地、资源） e.g.Youd better build your houses on developed land so that the buildings dont destroy forest.（5）a developed country = an advanced country a developing country 词性变化：development n. 发展 6worn adj. 用旧的 worn是wear的过去分词，课文中用作形容词，意为“用旧的”。复合形容词worn-out是由动词词组wear out转换而来，在w

50、ear out中，wear作“耗损、用坏”解释。wear out意为“把穿破”，“把用坏”或“使筋疲力尽”。 e.g.a worn patch on the carpet a pair of worn-out bootsHe threw out his worn-out shoes and bought a pair of new ones.I have worn my suit out. I must get another.This kind of stockings wears out quickly.No matter how often they turn up, their wel

51、come never wears out.Im worn out by too much work. Looking after the children wears me out in a short time.7have fun doing sth. 做某事有乐趣 e.g.We are going to have fun learning and speaking English this term.Young people have lots of fun listening to rock music.We are going to have fun playing games aft

52、er school. 8its a great pity that Its a pity (that).是表示“遗憾/可惜”的交际用语，口语中that常可以省略，可以说成Its a thousand pities(that).。从句子结构上讲，it是形式主语，that-clause是真正的主语，也就是所指的遗憾的事情。 e.g.Its a pity that you missed the sports meeting last week.Its a pity that you cant go on the trip with us.Its a great pity I couldnt come

53、 to your wedding party.Its a great pity that he should be so careless. 9as far as I am concerned 依我看；就我而言 “as far as I am concerned”用于引出你自己的意见，特别是与别人不同的意见，相当于“I think/in my opinion”。 e.g.As far as Im concerned, we should pay more attention to the safety of school children. As far as I am concerned,

54、you can do what you like.10be likely to do 可能做 该短语中likely用作形容词，意为“可能的”。 e.g.It is likely to rain. She is not likely to come next month. He is likely to arrive a bit late.Its likely that they will lose the election. likely可用作副词，意为“大概”，主要用在most或者very后面。 e.g.Theyll very likely come by car. Ill very likely be at home all day. 二、句子解析 1I can hardly believe it, but my school life is almost over.在这句中，人称代词it指代抽象的事物，指的是my school life is almost over。 e.g.It really surprised me when they came together that cold November d