英语必修 一 Unit 3 Travel journal知识梳理与巩固练习

1、英语必修 一 Unit 3 Travel journal知识梳理与巩固练习 编写 湖北黄石 余老师一、词汇过关 n.日记;杂志;定期刊物 n.运送;运输vt.运输;运送 vt. 更喜欢;选择某事物 n.不利条件；不便之处 n. 费用 vi.流动;流出n.流动;流量 vt. 说服；劝说 vi.毕业 n.大学毕业生 adv. 最后；终于 n.时间表vt.为.安排时间 adj.喜爱的;慈爱的 n. 缺点 adj. 顽固的；固执的 vt. 组织；成立 vt.决定;确定;下定决心 n. 旅行；旅程 n. 海拔高度；高处 n. （山）谷；流 vt.缓慢而行;踱步;一步；速度；步调 n. 弯；拐角 n. 态

2、度；看法 vi.（指液体）沸腾；水）开 n. 预测；预报 n. 小包；包裹 n. 保险 n. 羊毛；毛织品 adj.可信赖的；可靠 n. 风景;视野;观点;见解 n. 枕头；枕垫 n.火焰；光芒；热 n.庙宇；寺庙 n.洞穴；地窖二、短语翻译1.ever since 2.be fond of 3.care about 4.change ones mind 5.make up ones mind 6.give in(to) 7.as usual 8.at midnight 9.dream about doing 10.graduate from 11.at an altitude of 12.p

3、ut up a tent 13.for one thing,.for another 14.cant/can hardly wait to do sth. 三、词语辨析 辨析: across；through；over穿过across 常表示从一定范围的一边到另一边或事物交叉位置, “横穿, 横跨” 表面, 含义与on 有关；through 表达两边穿过或穿过空间内部, 含义与in 有关；over表示 “越过” 是指越过较高的物体从一侧到另一侧 。【练习】用上面所提供的辨析词的适当形式填空1.She swam _the river. 2.The river flows _the city fro

4、m west to east. 3.Walk _the square and go _the gate, then youll come to the cafe. 4.The thief climbed _the wall and ran away. 答案：1.across ；2. through；3.across； through；4.over四、重点词汇梳理1.【原句回放】Which transport do you prefer to use: bus or train? ? (Warming up)【点拨】transport n.& vt. 运输;运送, 短语：transpor

5、t sb./sth. to.把运到Beijing is trying to improve its transport system for the coming festival.北京为了迎接即将到来的节日, 正在努力改善交通设施。The goods will be transported to Tokyo by air.货物将空运到东京。【拓展】相关用法：(1) transport还可作可数名词，表示“交通工具”。Its easier to travel if you have your own transport.如果你自己有交通工具,旅行起来就方便多了。(2) transportati

6、on n.运输; 交通。The railroad gives free transportation for a certain amount of baggage.铁路免费运送一定数量的行李。(3) 构词法:Trans-作为前缀，意为“横过；贯穿；转移”。translate vi.vt.翻译 transfer vi.vi.转移, 调离 transmit vt.传输；传播【随时练】那辆黄色公共汽车将乘客从机场运送到城里。The yellow bus_from the airport to the city.那些物品将用飞机运往青海玉树。The goods _ by plane to Yu Sh

7、u，Qinghai Province.我的汽车正在修理, 所以我现在没有代步工具了。My car is being repaired so Im _ at the moment.我出门通常乘坐公共交通工具。I usually travel by_.【答案】will transport the passengers ； will be transportedwithout transport ；transport可作可数名词，表示“交通工具” public transport；同上，名词交通工具2.【原句回放】Two years ago she bought an expensive mount

8、ain bike and then she persuaded me to buy one.两年前她买了一辆山地车，然后她也说服我买了一辆。(Page 18)【点拨】persuade用作动词，意为“说服，劝服，使相信”We can effectively persuade ourselves through repetition.通过重复的方式，我们有效地将自己说服。It's going to be hard to persuade farmers away from ethanol.要想说服农场主远离玉米乙醇行业是相当困难的。【拓展】persuade构成的相关短语：persuade

9、sb. to do = persuade sb. into doing说服某人He persuaged his wife into giving him all her saving.他说服他的妻子把她的所有存款给了他.persuade sb.+ that-clause = persuade sb. of sth.使/劝某人相信某事或信服How can I persuade you that I am sincere?我如何使你相信我的诚意？persuade sb. not to do sth. = persuade sb.out of sth./doing sth. 说服或劝说某人不做某事W

10、e persuaded him out of her foolish plans? 我们劝他放弃那些愚蠢的计划try=advise to persuade sb. to do sth.表示试图说服/建议某人做某事，含有未能成功.He tried to persuade me of his honesty.= He tried to persuade me that he was honest. Some of us advised him to change his mind but no one could persuade him to do so.【随时练】我们劝李老师戒烟，他不再抽烟啦

11、!_,and he never smoked at last.我们劝王老师戒烟，可他不戒。_,but he didnt.【答案】We persuaded Mr. Li to stop smoking We advised Mr.Wang to stop smoking/We tried.to persuade Mr.Wang to stop smoking .1. Mr. Li no longer smokes now because his wife _him to give up smoking last year.A. suggested B. advised C. persuaded

12、D. told2. The businessman tried to_ me of his honesty and goodwill at first, but he turned out a deceiver.A. advise B. persuade C. remind D. understand1. C。提示：advise sb. to do sth.意思是“劝某人做某事”，强调动作，尤其是表达“劝而不服”时多用此结构；persuade sb.to do sth.意思是“劝服某人做某事”，强调结果。2. B。提示：句意：这个商人起初尽力让我相信他的诚实和善意，但结果证明他是一个骗子。此题

13、用persuade sb. of sth. 表示“使某人相信”。3When I told her that our journey would begin at an altitude of more than 5000 meters,she seemed to be excited about it.当我告诉她我们将在海拔5000米处开始旅程,她好像对此很兴奋。【点拨】本句中的seem后面跟了不定式结构，意 为“ 看起来好像 ”。seem常常和不定式，形容词，名词和介词短语搭配。如:seem+不定式（短语）a)I seemed to hear a voice in the distance

14、.b)Your advice seems to be doing me a favor .c)I seem to have caught a cold .You dont seem to be quite yourself today注意：seem后跟不定式（短语）时，要注意不定式所表示动作发生的时间，以此来确定不定式的时态。seem +形容词a) She seems quite happy today.b) The enemy seems powerful but in fact it is weak. seem+名词a) She seems a clever girl.b) Her mot

15、her seems a teacher.c) It seemed a long time before my turn came.【拓展】seem相关用法还有：seem常用于it作形式主语的“It seems/seemed that”结构，如：a) It seems that you were lying.=It seems you were lying.b) It seemed that he had been a scientist.c) It seems impossible that he will be here tomorrow.seem常用于由as if/though引导的从句中

16、，如：a) It seems as if it is going to rain.b) It seems as though our planll be perfect.c) It seems as if he knew nothing about that.d) It seems as if it was/were spring already.4. 【原句回放】Although she didnt know the best way of getting to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly. (Page 1

17、8)【点拨】句中insist的意思为“坚持；强调”，后面从句的谓语动词常用should do，其中should可以省略。若insist表示“坚持认为”这个意思时，后面的从句应该用陈述语气。Her government insisted that she (should) stay until she finished her degree. 她的政府坚决主张她待到拿到学位。The stubborn man insisted that he (should) do it all by himself. 5. 这个固执的人坚决要求独自做这件事情。Lucy insisted that she hea

18、rd somebody in the house. 露西坚持认为她听到屋子里有人的声响。Mike insisted that he had never stolen anything.迈克坚持说他没有偷任何东西。【拓展】insist与介词on / upon构成短语insist on / upon (doing) sth.His parents insisted on his going to college.他的父母坚决主张他上大学。I insist on taking proper food for this bike trip.我坚决主张携带适合这次自行车旅行的食品。【随时练】1. Mr.

19、 Smith insisted that I _ his book within three days.A. returnsB. returnedC. had returned D. return2. The man insisted _a taxi for me even though T told him I live nearby.A. find B. to find C. on finding D. in finding【解析】1. D。句意为: Mr. Smith坚持认为他会在三天内把书还回来。insist的意思为“坚持；强调”，后面从句的谓语动词常用should do。2. Cin

20、sist on / upon (doing) sth. 句意为:虽然我说我家很近，但是他还是坚持给我一辆出租车.5.【原句】She gave me a determined look the kind that said she would not change her mind. 【点拨】determine表示“决心做某事”时，可用sb determines to do sth. 也可用sb is determined to do sth.。She determined to go that very afternoon.她决定就在那天下午走。He was determined to win

21、 the game.他决心要赢得那场比赛。He determined that he would travel to New York this summer holiday.他决定今年暑假将旅行到纽约。【拓展】determined adj.有决心的; 意志坚强的; determination n.毅力, 决心同义词组：decide to do sth., make up ones mind to do sth. 决心做某事【随时练】 _ to give up smoking, he threw away his _ cigarettes. A.Determined; remained B.D

22、etermined; remaining C.Determining; remained D.Determining; remaining 解析be determined to do sth“决定做某事”，因在句中作状语，故用分词或形容词。remaining“剩余的”，作定语修饰cigarettes。 答案B 6.graduate v.毕业；获学位；准予毕业 n.大学毕业生；毕业生He graduated from Tsinghua University. 他毕业于清华大学。 He's a high school/college graduate.他是中学/大学毕业生。 【拓展】gra

23、duation n毕业;after graduation 毕业后;graduate in毕业于专业; graduate from毕业于学校 .He hopes his son to graduate in law, so as to become a lawyer. 他希望他儿子获得法学学位，以便当个律师。He will graduate from the school in May. 他将要在五月份毕业。【随时练】用适当的介词或graduate的适当形式填空 After _Beijing University, he returned to his hometown. I graduated

24、 _English _Shandong University. It is ten years since May _. 答案graduating fromin; fromgraduated 五、重点短语梳理 1.【原句回放】she has made up her mind ,nothing can change it. Finally, I had to give in.(Page18)【点拨】give in (to sb./sth.) 屈服于, 让步, 递交The government refused to give in to their demands.政府对他们的要求拒不妥协。 No

25、 matter how the enemy beat him, he never gave in.无论敌人怎么拷打,他从不屈服。Stubborn as he was, he finally gave in.他虽然很固执, 但最后还是让步了。【拓展】give构成的相关短语： give off 发出；放出。The apples give off a very sweet smell.这些苹果散发出非常香甜的味儿。 give out 分发,发出(气味、热等),用尽,精疲力竭。Please help me give out these test papers.请帮我分发这些试卷。Our food su

26、pply at last gives out.供给我们的食物终于用完了。 give up 放弃(念头、希望等),停止,抛弃,认输,把送交。He gave up teaching only two years ago.两年前他才离开教学工作的。He gave the books up to her. 他把书给她递上去。 give away 赠送;捐献;分发（奖品等）泄露（秘密等）。The old teacher gave away all his books to the school.这位老教师把他的全部藏书捐送给了学校。The headmaster gave away the prizes.

27、校长分发奖品。 give way让路;倒塌；折断。Give way to cars that come from the left.给左边开过来的汽车让路。The ladder gave way and Larry fell to the ground.梯子断了, 拉里摔倒在地上。 give back 归还；恢复。Please give me back the book I lent you.请将我借给你的书还给我。 give over 停止；交付。I hope the rain will soon give over.我希望雨不久即停。We gave him over to the poli

28、ce. 我们把他交给了警方。【随时练】1. This milk must be bad, for it is giving _a nasty smell.2. Both the man and the horse gave _after the long ride.3. All hope of finding the missing aircraft was given _and the search stopped.4. Defeated by many failures, he finally_.A. gave out B. gave in C. gave away D. gave off

29、5. Jane tried to keep up a calm appearance, but her trembling voice_.A. gave her in B. gave her out C. gave her away D. gave her up【答案】1. off 2. out 3. up4. B。give in屈服； give out发出，分发； give away 赠送； give off发出。5. C。句意:简尽量保持一种镇静的外表,但她那颤抖的声音给她揭了底。give sb. away 意为“泄了某人的秘密”。2.【原句回放】Once she has made up

30、her mind, nothing can change it.【点拨】本句中的make up one's mind 意为“下决心，决定”。 Have you made up your mind where to go for your holiday? 你们决定好到哪里去度假了吗？ We have made up our minds to finish the work before dark.我们决心在天黑前完成工作。【拓展】mind构成的相关短语：change one's mind改变主意; keep.in mind 记住;have.in mind 考虑，打算; call

31、/bring sth to mind 回忆起某事;read one's mind 看出某人的心思; speak one's mind 直言不讳 注意：【随时练】What kind of alarm clock do you ? 您想买哪一种闹钟?She is very firm about it; I can't bend her into .她对此十分坚定, 我无法使她改变主意。Can you the mane of the child? 你记得起那孩子的姓名吗 ?What we must always is that we must serve the people

32、. 我们应该经常牢记的是我们必须为人民服务.答案： have in mind changing her mind bring to mind keep in mind 单项填空 The man who has _to win will never say impossible.A.changed his mind Bkept in mind Cmade up his mind Dhad in mind 句意:凡是决心取得胜利的人是从不说不可能的。make up one's mind “下定决心”;change one's mind“改变主意”；keep/have.in mind

33、 “记住，记在心里”。答案C 3. 【原句回放】my sister doesnt care about details. 我姐姐是不会考虑细节的。(Page 18)【点拨】本句中care about 意为“关心，爱护，在乎”,care about表示“关心”讲时，用在肯定句中；表示“在意”时，用在疑问句和否定句中。People here are thoughtful of others. They care about each other.这里的人总为别人考虑, 他们都互相关心。She didnt care about anything people might say.人们说什么她都不在乎

34、。【拓展】 care 构成的相关短语：(1) care to do sth. 表示“愿意做”。 I dont care to go out. 我不想出去。(2) care for 也有“关心;照料”之意，与care about相同；但也可表示“喜欢，对有兴趣”，多用于否定句和疑问句中，这有别于care about。He doesnt care much for music. 他不太喜欢音乐。Would you care for a walk? 你愿意散意散步吗?care for 还可表示“照顾”。The children are well cared for in the nurseries.

35、孩子们在托儿所受到很好的照顾。【随时练】1. Does your wife like tea? Well, she doesnt really _tea; she likes coffee better.A. care for B. care C. care about D. care of2. Earth Day is a celebration of life and our planet. It is a reminder that we need to_the world we live in and that we should learn to respect life and n

36、ature.A. care about B. think of C. take possession of D . refer to【答案】1. A。句意为“你妻子喜欢茶吗？”“她其实不太喜欢茶，她更喜欢咖啡。”此处应该表示“喜欢”，故要用care for。2. A。提示：care about关心，照料；think of 想到；take possession of 拥有refer to 涉及到，参考。4.【原句回放】At midnight you will hear the clock strike in Hanshan Temple.在午夜,你会听到寒山寺内的钟声。【点拨】at midnig

37、ht 在午夜 It is horrible that a knocking at the door happened at midnight.半夜有人敲门真可怕。 【拓展】at dawn在黎明 at noon 在中午 at dusk 在黄昏 at night 在夜里 in the morning 在早上 in the afternoon 在下午 in the evening 在晚上 即学即练单项填空 To make a living, he always goes out to work at dawn and comes back home _. A.t noon B.in the even

38、ing C.at midnight D.in the afternoon 解析:句意：为了谋生，他总是早出晚归。 答案C 5.With the lapse of time, what finally we will leave behind? 随着时间的推移, 我们最终会留下什么?【点拨】leave behind在句中意为“留下，遗留” Oh dear! The bag has been left behind in the hotel. 哎呀！包落在旅馆里了。 The en

39、emy escaped in a hurry and left many important papers behind.敌人匆忙逃窜，留下许多重要文件。 【拓展】leave构成的相关短语： leave out 遗漏； 省略； 未顾及； 忽略 leave alone 不打扰；不理会 We can leave out the second sentence.我们可以省去第二句话Although I came into this world alone and will leave alone, I am not alone.虽然我孤独地来到这个世界，也将独自离去，但我并不孤单【随时练】单项填空I

40、t's not easy to decide what to take and what to _when you get prepared for the trip. A.leave behind B.fall behind C.get behind D.stay behind 解析:句中的and连接两个意义相反的“what to do”结构,即what to take(带什么)和what to leave behind(留下什么)。句意：“在你准备去旅行时,很难决定带什么和留下什么”。fall behind“落后”;stay behind“留下(不跟着去)”,常指人,不指物.答案A

41、 The teacher stressed again that the students should not _ any important details while retelling the story. A.bring out B.let out C.leave out D.make out 解析:leave out“遗漏”,符合题意。bring out“阐明,出版”;let out“泄露”;make out“理解,辨别出”。【原句回放】We put up our tent and then we eat. (Page 22)【点拨】put up 支起；举起；张贴；建起；为提供食宿

42、；提出Put up your hands if you have any question.如果有问题, 请举手。Commercial advertisements are put up everywhere.商业广告贴得到处都是。They are putting up several new buildings in that block.他们正在那一街区建几幢楼房。【拓展】put构成的相关短语：put aside 放在一边；储存；保留 put away 放好；收好put down 写下；记下；镇压 put forward 提出；推荐；把提前put off 延期；推迟；关掉；阻止；妨碍 pu

43、t on 穿上；戴上；上演；增加(体重) put out 熄灭；关灯；生产出；出版 put up with 忍受；容忍【随时练】1.In Disneyland, every year, much of the grass is replaced because Disney refuses to _signs asking his visitors not to step on them.A. put on B. put up C. put down D. put out 2.The forest guards often find campfires that have not been _

44、completely.A. turned down B. put out C. put away D. turned over【答案】1. B。句意：在迪斯尼，每年许多草地都要换新，这是因为迪斯尼拒绝张贴要求参观者别踩草地的牌示。 put on 穿上，上演；put up张贴；put down放下；put out熄灭。2. B。扑灭火用put out; turned down 拧低声音，拒绝；put away 存放；turned over 翻倒。六、重点语法梳理1.A determined person always tries to finish the job, no matter how

45、hard it is.一个意志坚定的人，无论工作多忙多艰难，总是设法完成。 【点拨】本句为主从复合句，no matter how 引导让步状语从句，意为“无论多么”，how后紧跟 形容 词或 副 词，可用however替换。No matter how busy he is, he always tries to spare some time to accompany his mother. 无论他多忙，总是设法腾出时间陪他母亲。 However hard he may try, he can't finish it in three days. 无论多么努力，他都无法在三天内完成它。

46、 【拓展】no matter how的相关用法： no matter 后面还可接其他的疑问词(如what，which,when,where等)来引导让步状语从句。 No matter what you do，you must do it well. 不管做什么，你都得做好。 No matter where you work，you can always find time to study.无论你在哪里工作，你都能找到时间学习。 连接词whatever，whichever，whenever，wherever等既可引导让步状语从句，也可引导主语从句、宾语从句和表语从句。 Whatever/No

47、matter what you say，I will agree with you. 无论你说什么，我都会同意你的意见。(引导让步状语从句) Whoever works hard will succeed. 谁努力工作，谁就会成功。(引导主语从句) 【随时练】单项填空_ much money you have, it can not match a healthy body. A.No matter how B.No matter what C.No matter where D.No matter when 解析:句意：不管你有多少钱，也比不上有一个健康的身体。no matter how无论

48、多少，合题意。no matter what“无论什么”,no matter where“无论哪里”no matter when“无论何时”。 答案A _you get there, please be there in time, because _ is late won't be admitted into the meeting hall. A.No matter how; no matter who B.However; no matter who C.However; whoever D.No matter how; whomever _ well prepared you

49、are, you still need a lot of luck in mountain climbing. (2013·上海)A.However B.Whatever C.No matter D.AlthoughThe lawyer seldom wears anything other than a suit _ the season. (2013·全国)A.whatever B.wherever C.whenever D.however解析:no matter how与however都可引导让步状语从句,no matter who只能引导让步状语从句,因此排除A,B

50、。在because引导的原因状语从句中,连接词作主语,故用whoever,故选C项。句意：不管你怎样到那儿，请及时赶到，因为无论谁迟到都不能进入会议厅。解析：考查 “however+adj.+主+系动词”引导让步状语从句。答案：A解析：whatever 引导让步状语从句，意为“不管什么”。该句后半部分的完整形式应该是 whatever the season is。答案：A2.Although she didnt know the best way of getting get to places, she insisted that she organize the trip properly

51、.尽管她不知道旅行的最佳方式,但是她还是坚决主张她来合理安排这次旅行。【点拨】本句为although引导让步状语从句,不能再和but, and, however连用, 但可以和副词yet, still连用。Although the sun was shining it wasn't very warm. 尽管太阳高照，却不很暖和。Although he's ninety, his mental faculties remain unimpaired他虽年届九旬,但头脑仍然清晰。【拓展】although从句多放在句首, though从句可在主句前，中，后任何位置，而且though

52、可以作副词用于句末，作 “但是，不过”讲，而although无此用法.Anne was fond of Tim, though he often annoyed her. 虽然安妮喜欢蒂姆,但他经常使她心烦。Though a bit too old, he is still adequate to the work.虽然他年纪大了点,却仍能胜任这项工作.【随时练】单项填空_ he has limited technical knowledge, the old worker has a lot of experience. A. Since B. Unless C. As D. Althoug

53、h 点拨D 根据句中的limited knowledge和a lot of experience构成对比，可知这是一个让步状语从句，故用although引导。since既然； unless除非；as 因为。Once she has made up her mind, nothing can change it.她一旦下定决心，就没有什么能改变(她的心意)。 【点拨】本句中once用作连词，意为“一旦就”,引导的是时间状语从句,用一般现在时表示将来时。 Maths is easy to learn once you understand the rules. 一旦你理解了规则，数学就不难学了。 Once you object to a man,everything