直接引语变间接引语经典

1、直接引语变间接引语经典课件第1页，共35页。直接引语与间接引语直接引语与间接引语引述某人的话一般采用两种形式：引述某人的话一般采用两种形式： 一种是直接引语（一种是直接引语（direct speech), 即即原封不动地引用原原封不动地引用原话，把原话放在引号内话，把原话放在引号内；一种是间接引语（一种是间接引语（reported speech)，即用自己的话加，即用自己的话加以以转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内转述，被转述的内容不放在引号内。第2页，共35页。第3页，共35页。I am smart.he was smart.He saidWhat did he say ?第4页，共35页。I

2、can fly.it could fly. It saidWhat did it say ?第5页，共35页。“I am playing football.”He saidhe was playing football.What did he say ?第6页，共35页。He saidthe earth moves around the sun.The earth moves around the sun.What did he say ?为什么？此句没有变时态？因为它为什么？此句没有变时态？因为它描述的是客观事实真理描述的是客观事实真理，经得住时，经得住时间考验间考验 ，故不变化故不变化第7

3、页，共35页。“I finished my homework two days ago.” She saidshe had finished her homework two days before .What did he say ?第8页，共35页。I will go shopping tomorrow.she would go shopping the next day.She saidWhat did she say ?第9页，共35页。Sum up 小结 “直接引语” 变 间接引语 在在人称人称、时态时态等要做相应变化，最终反映等要做相应变化，最终反映在动词上是：在动词上是： 原型变

4、原型变 过去式过去式 Can 变变 could Will变变would 过去式变过去式变 为为 had +过去分词过去分词 客观真理句不变客观真理句不变第10页，共35页。whether/if we liked singing.“Do you like singing?”He askedWhat did he say ?第11页，共35页。间接引用别人的一般疑问句时间接引用别人的一般疑问句时要做相应变化要做相应变化 1 say 变变 ask 2要添加要添加if/weather 。 3句子变句子变陈述句语序陈述句语序Attention He said ，“can you speak a litt

5、le English ？”He asked if I could speak a little English第12页，共35页。3 特殊疑问句子特殊疑问句子 要变成要变成 陈述句语序陈述句语序Where are you from？What did he say ?He askedWhere I was from.第13页，共35页。“I will give you a concert this weekend?”What did he say ?He saidhe would give us a concert that weekend.第14页，共35页。小结小结直接引语直接引语间接引语：

6、间接引语：时间变化时间变化now 现在现在 then 那时那时today 今天今天 that day 那天那天this week (month, etc.) that week (month, etc.) 本星期（月等）本星期（月等） 那个星期（月等）那个星期（月等）Yesterday 昨天昨天 the day before 前一天前一天the day before 前一天前一天 two days before 前两天前两天 第15页，共35页。last week (year, etc.) the day before the day before 上星期（去年）上星期（去年） 前一周（年等）

7、前一周（年等）three days (a year, et.) ago three days (a year etc.) before三天（一年等）以前三天（一年等）以前 前三天（一年等）前三天（一年等）tomorrow 明天明天 the next (following) day 次日次日the day after tomorrow two days later (in two days time) 后天后天 过两天过两天next week (yea, etc.) the next (following) week (year, etc.) 下星期（明年等）下星期（明年等） 下一周（第二年等）

8、下一周（第二年等）直接引语直接引语间接引语：间接引语：时间变化时间变化第16页，共35页。直接引语直接引语间接引语间接引语指示指示代词代词this 这这that 那那these 这些这些those 那些那些地点地点状语状语here 这里这里there 那里那里动词动词come 来来go 去去第17页，共35页。语法书中关于此节，理论知识第18页，共35页。直接引语直接引语间接引语：间接引语：人称变化人称变化直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称。直接引语中的第一人称，一般转换为第三人称。 He said, “I am very sorry.” He said that he was very

9、 sorry. 直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对转述人说的，转换为第一人称。说的，转换为第一人称。 “You should be more careful next time,” my father told me. My father told me that I should be more careful the next time. 第19页，共35页。直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说直接引语中的第二人称，如果原话是针对第三人称说的，转换成第三人称。如：的，转换成第三人称。如： She said to her son, “Il

10、l check your homework tonight.” She said to her son that she would check his homework that night. 人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主人称的转换包括人称代词、物主代词和名词性物主代词等，如：代词等，如： He asked me, “Will you go to the station with me?” He asked me whether I would go to the station with him. 第20页，共35页。总之：人称的变总之：人称的变化要符合逻辑！化要符合逻辑！

11、第21页，共35页。（1） 一般现在时变为一般过去时一般现在时变为一般过去时（2） 现在进行时变为过去进行时现在进行时变为过去进行时（3） 一般将来时变为过去将来时一般将来时变为过去将来时（4） 现在完成时变为过去完成时现在完成时变为过去完成时（5） 一般过去时变为过去完成时一般过去时变为过去完成时（6） 过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时过去完成时不变，仍为过去完成时 直接引语直接引语间接引语：间接引语：时态的变化时态的变化第22页，共35页。时态不变化：时态不变化：直接引语是直接引语是客观真理客观真理 “The moon moves around the earth”, the teacher

12、 told me. The teacher told me the moon moves around the earth.直接引语是直接引语是过去进行时过去进行时，时态不变，时态不变 Jack said, “John, where were you going when I met you in the street?”Jack asked John where he was going when he met him in the street. 第23页，共35页。直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作直接引语中有具体的过去某年、某月、某日作状语，变为间接引语时，时态不变。状语，变为间

13、接引语时，时态不变。 Xiao Wang said, “I was born on April 2l, 1980.” Xiao Wang said he was born on April 20, 1980.直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现直接引语如果是一般现在时。表示一种反复出现或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。或习惯性的动作，变间接引语，时态不变。 He said, “I get up at six every morning.”He said he gets up at six every morning.第24页，共35页。如果直接引语中的情态动词没有过去时的如果直接引语

14、中的情态动词没有过去时的形式形式(例：例：ought to， had better, used to)和和已已经是过去时的形式时经是过去时的形式时 (例：例：could, should, would, might) ，时态不再变，时态不再变。 Peter said, “You had better come here today.”Peter said I had better go there that day.第25页，共35页。直接引语直接引语间接引语：间接引语：句式变化句式变化直接引语如果是陈述句，直接引语如果是陈述句，间接引语应间接引语应改为由改为由that引导的宾语从句引导的宾语从

15、句。 She said, “Our bus will arrive in five minutes.”She said that their bus would arrive in five minutes. 第26页，共35页。直接引语如果是反意疑问句、直接引语如果是反意疑问句、选择疑问句或一般选择疑问句或一般疑问句，间接引语应改为由疑问句，间接引语应改为由whether或或if引导的宾语从引导的宾语从句句. 但用陈述句语序但用陈述句语序 He said, “Can you swim, John?” He asked John if he could swim. “Do you go to

16、school by bus or by bike?” He asked me.He asked me if I went to school by bus or by bike.第27页，共35页。“You have finished the homework, havent you?” my mother asked. My mother asked me whether I had finished the homework.第28页，共35页。直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为直接引语如果是特殊问句，间接引语应该改为由疑问代词或疑问副词引导的宾语从句（宾语从由疑问代词或疑问副词引导

17、的宾语从句（宾语从句必须用陈述句语序）。句必须用陈述句语序）。 She asked me, “When do they have their dinner?” She asked me when they had their dinner. 第29页，共35页。直接引语如果是祈使直接引语如果是祈使句，句，间接引语应根据语气间接引语应根据语气 改改为为“tell (ask, order, beg等等) sb. (not) to do sth.”句型。句型。如：如： “Dont make any noise,” she said to the children. 告诫语气告诫语气She told

18、(ordered) the children not to make any noise. “Bring me a cup of tea, please,” said she.要求语气要求语气She asked him to bring her a cup of tea.第30页，共35页。直接引语如果是以直接引语如果是以Lets开头的祈使句，变开头的祈使句，变为间接引语时，通常用为间接引语时，通常用“suggest +动句词动句词(或从句或从句) ” 。 He said, “Lets go to the film.” He suggested going to the film.He sug

19、gested that they should go to see the film. 第31页，共35页。第32页，共35页。1. “I never eat meat,” he said. He said that _ never _ meat.2. “Ive found my wallet,” he said to me. He _ me that he _ _ _ wallet.3. “I took it home with me,” she said. She said that _ _ _ it home with her. heatetoldhadfoundhisshehadtaken第33页