语法-ing的用法修正版

1、语态语态时态时态 主动形式主动形式 被动形式被动形式一般式一般式完成式完成式(主要作主要作状状语语与与主语主语补足语补足语，偶尔作宾偶尔作宾语语)(not) doing(not) being done(not)having done(not)having been doneDifferent forms of “doing”注意：表否定时，注意：表否定时，not 置于置于V-ing前面前面V-ing 的用法：的用法：I. 作作_ 1. Swimming is good for health. (swim) 2. _ (raise) your hat to a lady is good mann

2、ers.对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。对一位女士脱帽致敬是礼貌的。 3. _ (kill) by sharks in the sea is a common thing.4. _(they, come) to help was a great encouragement to us.RaisingBeing killed 主语主语Their coming 5. Its no use _(cry) over spilt milk. 覆水难收。覆水难收。 6. It is no good _(learn) without practice.学而不实践是没好处的 7. It is a waste of

3、 time _ (talk) to him.cryinglearningtalking 知识点总结：知识点总结：it 作形式主语作形式主语, V-ing作真正的主语常作真正的主语常考句型：考句型：Its (no/much )use/ good doing sth. Its a waste of time doing sth. 知识点延伸：知识点延伸：it做形式主语，常考句型还有：做形式主语，常考句型还有：It is no wonder that同时还要记住同时还要记住there be 结构的几个固定句型结构的几个固定句型There is no need to do There is no se

4、nse in doingThere is no point in doingThere is no doubt that .There is no possibility that .注意：对注意：对it与与there的选择也为考点之一。的选择也为考点之一。 II. 作作_ 1. Teaching is learning教学相长教学相长 2. My hobby is _ (make) model planes. 3. What worried the child most was _ (not, allow) to visit his mother in the hospital.making

5、not being allowed表语表语1. I dont think its much good _ to him. A. writing B. to write C. write D. written2. _ the same mistake again made his parents very angry. A. His being made B. He has made C. He had making D. His making 3. (2013 浙江) _ how others react to the book you have just read creates an ad

6、ded pleasure. A. Hearing B. Hear C. Having heard D. to be hearingExercisesExercises 4. It is no use _ without thorough _. A. to read; understood B. reading; understanding C. to read; understand D. read; to understand III.作宾语作宾语 V-ing 形式既可作形式既可作_的宾语的宾语, 也可作也可作_的的宾语。宾语。 1. We would appreciate hearing

7、from you 2. The bird escaped _ (catch). 3. I feel like _ (join) the army. 4. He was afraid of _ (abandon) by us. 5.你介意你介意我我打开门吗？打开门吗？ Do you mind _ the door?being abandonedbeing caught joining 动词动词me/my opening高考重点考点：高考重点考点：1. 接接V-ing形式作宾语形式作宾语的的高频高频动词动词： avoid, admit, appreciate, consider, delay, d

8、eny（否认否认），），enjoy, escape, pardon, finish, forgive, imagine, mind（介意介意）, miss(错过错过), practise, risk（冒险冒险）, fancy, suggest, give up, put off, feel like, insist on（坚持坚持）, look forward to, object to, keep on（持续持续）2.在在want/need/require(需要需要)， deserve（值得，应当）值得，应当）等动词之后作宾语时，常用等动词之后作宾语时，常用动名词的主动式表示被动意义。动名词

9、的主动式表示被动意义。1. 这些树需要浇水了。这些树需要浇水了。1)The trees want/ need/ require _ _2. 这座城市值得光顾一下。这座城市值得光顾一下。This city deserves _. 3. 这个问题需要认真研究。这个问题需要认真研究。 The problem requires _carefully .知识延伸知识延伸:汉译英：他值得表扬汉译英：他值得表扬 wateringvisitingstudyingto be watered us to water themHe deserved_ praisepraisingto be praised3.在（在

10、（be）worth后面只能用动名词的主动态来表示被动意义。1). His suggestion is worth _(consider).2). The book is worth _(read).consideringreading知识延伸知识延伸：worthy,worthwhile的用法的用法The book is worthy_ . It is worthwhile_ the book.(read)to be read/of being readreading/to read4.allow/advise/forbid/permit +sb/sth to do doing We dont

11、allow _ (smoke) here. We dont allow students_ (smoke). smokingto smoke5. forget (to do-未做未做/doing-做了做了) remember, regret (to do-一般用于告诉对方不好的消息一般用于告诉对方不好的消息/doing-后悔做了后悔做了.)mean (to do-打算做打算做/doing意味着意味着.) stop (to do-停下去做另一件事停下去做另一件事/doing-停止正在做的事情停止正在做的事情 go on try（to do-竭尽全力去做竭尽全力去做./doing-尝试着做尝试着做

12、.） can not help (to do-不能帮助做不能帮助做./doing-情不自禁做情不自禁做.)等动词或词组既可跟动名词等动词或词组既可跟动名词(doing)可跟不定式（可跟不定式（to do）作宾语）作宾语，但意义上有区别。但意义上有区别。1. -The light in the office is still on. -Oh, I forgot _ . A. turning it off B. turn it off C. to turn it off D. having turned it off2. Henry always forgets things he has don

13、e. Yesterday he forgot _ and looked for it everywhere. A. to post the letter B. to have the letter posted C. to have posted the letter D. having posted the letter1. The sentence wants _ once more. A. to explain B. explaining C. being explained D. to be explained it2. The squirrel was lucky that it j

14、ust missed _. A. catching B. to be caught C. being caught D. to catch 3.The thief entered the room without _. A. noticing B. being noticed C. having noticed D. having been noticedExercises4. Besides _, she is kind and tender.A. beautiful B. being beautiful C. she beautiful D. is beautiful5. When he

15、heard the big noise, Tom stopped _ and _ to the window to see what was happening. A. to read; went B. reading; to go C. reading; going D. reading; went 6.I am busy _ for the entrance examination, so I cant help _ housework at home. A. preparing; doing B. preparing; to do C. to prepare; doing D. to p

16、repare; to do7. Ali said that she wouldnt mind _ alone at home. A. leftB. being left C. to be leftD. leaving8. I still remember _ to the Famen Temple and what I saw there. A. to take B. to be taken C. taking D. being taken 9. At the beginning of class, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the

17、 classroom. A. opened of and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close IV. 作作_1. The girl standing there is my sister .2. This is a piece of _ (surprise) news .3. The problem_ (discuss) now is very important. 4. The farmers _ (work) in the fields are tired .su

18、rprising being discussed working定语定语知识点总结与回顾：非谓语动词作定语知识点总结与回顾：非谓语动词作定语1.谓语动词作定语的谓语动词作定语的基本形式：基本形式： 主动主动: to do（中心词为抽象名称中心词为抽象名称如如excuse/answer/ idea/fact/way/ reason/ moment/time等或等或被序数词，被序数词，最高级或最高级或no, all, any修饰时修饰时，用，用to do 作后置定语）作后置定语） doing被动被动:done （完成）（完成） being done（进行）（进行） to be done（将来）（将

19、来）2. 解题思路：解题思路：先找中心词，即被修饰的名词先找中心词，即被修饰的名词 再看中心词与修饰它的动词之间的关再看中心词与修饰它的动词之间的关 系系 ，主动还是被动，主动还是被动， 若是被动，则看动作发生的时间若是被动，则看动作发生的时间V-ing作定语，表示作定语，表示“用于用于的的”或表示或表示“处于某处于某件事情中的件事情中的”含义含义。 游泳池游泳池 手杖手杖 发展中国家发展中国家 劳动人民劳动人民 熟睡的孩子熟睡的孩子 swimming pool walking stick developing countries working people a sleeping child

20、 V.作作_1. He sat at the table, _(read) a book. 2. _ (clean) the rooms we began to weed the garden. 3._ ( work ) hard, you will succeed.4. _(be) ill, he couldnt go to school. 5. My car was caught in a traffic jam, thus _(cause) the delay. 6. _(travel) by train, we visited a number of cities. 7. _(tell

21、) many times, he still made the same mistake.readingWorkingHaving cleaned状语状语BeingcausingTravellingHaving been told知识回顾：分词作状语知识回顾：分词作状语 1)分词作状语的分词作状语的基本形式：基本形式： 主动主动：doing having done 被动被动： done having been done being done2）分词作状语的分词作状语的基本原则基本原则：主语一致，即主句的主语与：主语一致，即主句的主语与从句的主语保持一致。从句的主语保持一致。3）分词作状语的）分

22、词作状语的解题思路解题思路：先：先找找主句主句主语主语再再看看主句主句主语与从句谓语动词之间的主语与从句谓语动词之间的关系关系最后最后看时间看时间先后，先后，若从句谓语动词先发生若从句谓语动词先发生，则从句用，则从句用having done或或 having been done 独立成分作状语独立成分作状语有些状语不受上下文影响，称作独立成分。如：有些状语不受上下文影响，称作独立成分。如： 一般说一般说来来_坦白地说坦白地说_根据根据来判断来判断 _说实话说实话_考虑到考虑到_ judging from/byfrankly speaking/to be frankgenerally speak

23、inghonestly speaking/ to be honestconsidering./taking .into consideration/seeing.考虑到你的健康，你最好休息一下。考虑到你的健康，你最好休息一下。_Considering your health, youd better have a rest. 在绝大数情况下，在绝大数情况下，-ing的逻辑主语是句子的主语，但有时的逻辑主语是句子的主语，但有时前可有一个名词或代词表示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑前可有一个名词或代词表示逻辑上的主语，这种带逻辑主语的称为主语的称为独立主格结构。独立主格结构。1)独立主格结构三要素：主语

24、不一致独立主格结构三要素：主语不一致 中间有逗号中间有逗号 缺缺乏引导词乏引导词2)高考基本考点形式高考基本考点形式ed（被动）（被动） ing(主动主动)Weather permitting, we will go out.Test finished ,we went home.The meeting _ over, we all left the room and drove home.会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。会议结束后，我们都离开房间开车走了。 It _ a holiday, all the shops were shut. 由于今天是假日，所有商店都关门了。由于今天是假日，

25、所有商店都关门了。beingbeingVI. 作宾语补足语作宾语补足语:1. I saw people coming and going in the street.2. I heard her _ (sing) when I passed her room.3. Youll find the topic _ (discuss) everywhere now. 4. The old couple often take a walk after supper in the park with their pet dog _ (follow) them.being discussedsinging

26、following1. I got to the office earlier that day,_ the 7:30 train from Paddington. A. caught B. to have caught C. to catch D. having caught 2. _ at the cafeteria before, Tina didnt want to eat there again. A. Having eaten B. To eat C. Eat D. Eating 3. The room is empty except for a bookshelf _ in on

27、e corner. A. standing B. to stand C. stands D. stood 4.I looked up and noticed a snake _ its way up the tree to catch its breakfast. A. to wind B. wind C. winding D.wound5. _ his mother, the baby could not help _. A. To see；to laugh B. Seeing；to laugh C. Seeing；laughing D. To see；laughingPractice1. - What made Bill so angry? - _. His girl friend promised to come at 8:30, but she hasnt come yet. A. Having kept waiting B. Being kept waiting C. To be kept waiting D. Being kept waitedB 2. The building _ in our school is for us teachers,though theres