八年级下册英语知识点思维导图汇总Unit1-10

1、vl.次紧,力关系 eg. It doesn,t matter.1、 Whiifs the matter （with sb. ） 7matter:可数总为毛病、麻烦 no matter与who, what, where遂用 =whoeverr whatever whereverMM某人遇到了什么麻烦22、stomachache3、辨析可教名词,“岗相”headache toothache 分体部位.ach垢stomachache backache earachetoo much -dv修饰动词.置于后 Eatm。too much is bad for your health.adj.修饰冬i讨

2、时，4于冬间向 It js good enough for me.enough ,lTH.足婚做甸型：be+Hdj.+enough+t:。do -.> . .He isn t brave enough to qo out along at night.prep.加上、艮行.文中表不密 反文：without物的附【4部分或所具仃的仪旗'Would you like some tea with sugar?4 . with 4】7e& Mr.Black is talking with a fCend.用.（工具二手段）等 You can cut It with a knife

3、.表示方式、括况岐行条件 She likes to sleep with the light on.5、 need6、 breakvi7、lie后十pron.V.ing to don.作情态动词赤夏、乙而无人称和数的变化否定：neednttV 心tv.二J数名词、源向休息 take a breakVL碎、乃詈去式*ke过去?词brokenGlasses break easily.S币6辛，弄破"He broke his right leg last month.V '"不遵（法律，俄则等）“ The teacher is talking to the student

4、 who broke the rules. J骊、15卜" Don't lie in bed all morning.Fft谎、说谎”You are lying to me.过去式和过去分证均为lied,现在.分词为lyingn. 该；、假话 I know he told a lie just now.产卯、下蛋Section A8、restUnit 1lay v.过去式和过去分ilaidThe hens are not laying well 0t the moment.可教名词，”休息”take a rest , have a rest9、go to a doctor.1

5、0. get off11、 happen12s have to行医生go to see a doctor.意力”卜汽车、火车、匕机）”动诃十副词范构 人称代i司作宜诰时应泞尸中间反义词get on £ E （汽军.火车、飞机） 反义同 get out ofvt.发生 sth. happens to./sth幼人/某物发生比小“ sb. happens to do sth. She happened to meet her boyfriend in the park. J i It happens +that U后-V.睨have to所析强而客观上的南我有人称、敷西布的变化可用于一般

6、现在时.般过去时或一般将来时否定：don't have to.软调主观上的必募性must 无人称、数、时态的变化13、to one's surprise否定：mustn't 使某:人悔Ei的Stto one's joyI7类结内 to one's disappointment to one's satisfactionPM V to do14、 agree班析宾语从句后+ i卜划/续议 agree o 】agree your plan. "SiM + M期/工 agree oni vicy ayi eeu 51 川unu lci iia

7、gree with 淖I agree with her.后接地点名问作宾语曼tolto, s拉地点副词home, here, there不用toI get home at 7:00 P.m. every day.15、辨析kevq vi 后按她由名词要加me大地方"at £_小地方） 7 可直接按会上司home, here, there.reach vt. 【1及地CW名也/乜目J词 I reached here on foot.”穿上“ 动词十副词，代词作宾语时，放中间.Elfcc put°n 汕胴”上P5° J W8L Vt强调状."

8、9;dress v匕给二穿表IE宾语是人(be) in后面接表衣服的名词或表颔色的形容词2. tell sb. sth. V ' tell sb. (not) to do sth.,、 KI ，做某事有问题或困难3have problem (m) doing sth.=皿此 difficulty (in) doing sth.里二空劈 take/show an interest in4、be interested in. interesting 修饰物辨析interested书.语是人I'm interested in the interesting things.用作 prg

9、p. "作为“ As a student, you should study hard for our motherland.5 as 当时 We sing as we walk.因为、由 i I can't go with you as I have too much homework to do today. 像一样 My bag is as big as yours.习惯于适应于nL6, be used to + pron.V.ingShe is used to getting up early.冒险73ke*ks 二 take®68、time 可数名词，。次

10、数，V0U been to Pans?9, almost adv. JL i -Almost all the guests are here.介词-ih 后+n./pron.because of j didn't come because of theSection B,连同，引导原因状语从句because He didn't come to school because he was ill.be ready to do sth.准莅好j做某事，表示即将去做11、ready f7". r 为百备 ifbe ready for. 口. .He was ready fo

11、r the death.died, died, dying vi.死.死亡12、die dead A dead person can't speak.M H式death Many people fear death.13. use. to do.用某物做某小I use my pen to write a letter.切断、丽14、cut offcut down 减少其它cut up ;cut in插入with用（工具或器具等）15.辨析| You can cut it with a knife.jn用工语言、声音、材料等)-| She can give a talk in Engli

12、sh.keep on doing sth. : The students are keeping onreading.继续不停地做某事16. keepkeep doing sth. Keep going until you reachthe end of road.使某人一此做某事keep sb. doing sth. Don't keep your mother waitingBl止更人做某事keep sb. from doing sth. You should keep him from watching TV.v.介意、在乎“17、mind Ju4-V.ing1 don'

13、t mind at all.V.+adv.V. 4-prep.1、动词妞语fl”时,作实用的名词贸刚同前或后在可,代利则贸于前cheer up clean up put up Qive away hand ineg. Could you turn down the music, please?vt.宾IfiHf.于prep.后面look after belong to take after wait foreg. You don't have to worry about me. I'm a good swimmer.vt.要语位于介海JBcome up with run ou

14、t ofV.+adv.-Fprep.catch up with go on with look forward to如 V.-hn.eg. They haveun out of ideas, have a restI take a walk make mistakes have try take placeeg. You should have a rest on weekends.vt.名词前可加形容词说明程度，宾语介于介词后V.+n.+prep.have a look at make friends with have a drink of take care of make fun of

15、eg. You should pay attention to your teacher in class.vt.宾语位于介词厄lf fbrbe busy withbe+adj.（包括过去分向）+prep.be worried about be similar to be proud of2、helphelp sb. (to) do 帮助某人做某事help sb. with sth. 在处事 上帮助某人help do sth, fBBb做help sb. out 刖的解决班S3eg. Eating more vegetables and fruit is good for your healt

16、h.3、 cheorcheer (sb.) up 上岛附、cheer me upcheer on '4. give out V.+ adv.散发、分发 句型:give out . to .分给某人发出光,热、声杳；气味等1用完. 精尊 Our food will give out soon推迟PU ° 星+n./pon./V.ing 作宾语6、notice可数公告ML通告不【叶散 注做 Take notice of what I say.v.注篇到留心G到1 A.1 :了，没有人称和时态的变化）7、used to do sth.其它句型get/bo used to doing

17、 习惯于 < -"在做 be used to do 况用 I：/Albe used for+n./doing被用于Stamps are used for sending mails.adj.内心谏到孤独监修色彩较强 ng feels lonely without friends8、辨析，One，V 修饰地点时,指荒凉alone侵I4一个人与其匕的人威力分开，不合博情色彩He is alone in the room.n可数,比黑者 adj.白丝的9、volunteer.volunteer to do sth.志咏效劳、主动贡献 I volunteer to help you.1

18、0、give up doing 厂,工一 3T give up tinw to do sth, 花费时间做:fe/adj.满意的11、satisfied be satisfied to do sth.彳.；“.感匕 be satisfied with.对.感到满意.adj.生病的，恶心的n地标s'c,祚，语无语必.生病的也作空语，不能做定语13、raise14、own举起 raise your hands小！ raise corn饲养 raise a dog筹集 raise moneyadj自己的I have my own room.=haveI own a big room.一主人n

19、. owner .He is the owner of the bike.of one's own.属于某人自己的带to固定词组had better之后 You had better go home now.1、动词不定式使役动词let/make/have后作宾语补足语时.：I made them give me the money back.不带to感官动词see/ feel/watch/notice/hear . . . .上”eq g湎做宾语补足语时1 d,dn t see vou。皿。»n.引导疑问句的why not后 Why not go with us?在help

20、后做宾语补足语时可带也可不带 Could you help me (to) carry the heavy box) 用完,run out卜语往往为物（时间、金钱、油等），本身含有被动意义2,辨析His money soon ran out.砥了run out of上语为人或某种能消耗物品的机器等，表示上动含义He is always running out of money before pay day.=We are running out of petrol.Hake after (在外貌、性格等方面)与相像给臬人写信=write to sb.4、write the letter to

21、sb.收到某人的来信反义 receive a letter form sb.=hear form sb.5、 make a difference to.对产生影响可用big/great修饰 make a big difference to. 对没有影哨一否定 make no difference to.It makes no difference to me.6、have difficulty in doing sth.在做某事方面存困难开若的7、 openadj. 反义：closed开张的营业的:be open to打开反义:close火乍丽培养训绦8、trainv train sb/sth

22、. to do sth.训练某人做某事We can train the dog to do farm work.train sb. in sth.磬朝曙汽He trains his daughter in medicine.be excited about.对感到兴奋.激动 be excited to do sth,对做感到兴奋10、thank you for doing sth. 谢谢做11 com adj.强壮的强健的 be strong in,., 强项是,. 一 , 八 , 结果足：算下来 These figures work out differently each time I a

23、dd them.12 , work out v.+adv. .,：H .解决，起作用 Things will work out.一"提出想出B come up w叫/ink up译：请你好吗？could为情态动词，表示 种委婉的语气.礼貌地提出请求否定结构please 后加noteg: Could you please not make noises?1、Could you please.?2s work on肯定回答常用语:Certainly.Of course.With pleasure.No problem.先拒绝，再说明理由否定回答常用语:Sorry, I can't

24、.I have to.Sorry, I'm afraid I can't. I'm going to.eg: Could you please give me a piece of paper?请你给我 张纸好吗？从事，致力于一 +n./pron./vJng 作宾语eg: He is working on a new fiction.work相关短语work with与共事work for效斯为,工作work out演算出，制定work at努力做，致力于work as从事工作 as+职业neg. He's working at losing weight.eg

25、. Her son is working as a math teacher.3、two hourshours在此将时间时视为一个整 体，作主语时谓语动词用单数形Three years is a short time. You have to study hard.注意：英语中表示距离、金额、度量等的 词语作主语时.为,个整体，谓语动词用 单数,eg： Twenty miles is a long way to walkn.杂乱：不整洁4、mess常用可数名词单数形式 eg: MWhat a mess!" she said after the party, in a mess 乩 匕

26、八糟 eg: He found his room in a mess.5、throwmake a messM eg. The kids made a mess in the living room.国热,抛,图过去式、过去分词分别为：threw和throwna 小小扔给某人某物throw sb. sth.=throw sth. to sb.-&.厂 八 一eg: She threw me a towel. =She threw a towel to me.throw away扔掉：丢弃其他短语throw down 扔下throw at向扔（恶意,带攻击性）Section Athrow

27、to投给（不含有恶意）=the moment =as soon as6、the minute. 叩 We will leave as soon as it stops raining.=We will leave the minute it stopsra ining.adv .也不”主将从现也是Neither/ N" be/助动词/情态动词上 葬 £二。esn,Mke sports, and neither do I.用于肯定So + be/助动词/情态动词卜主语 eg: Jim can play the guitar.-So can I.“两者都不”7、neither作

28、限定词放在单数名词前18Neither student is from Canada.常与of连用作代词”两者都不“Neither of them is very clever, but both study既不,也不neither.nor.就近原则eg: Neither my father nor I am interested in the film.8、could常用句型Could you (please) do sth.?Could I do sth.?can 的过去式，衣示能力 He said that he couldn't come.主要用于否定句和定丽表示惊异、怀疑、不

29、相信等态度 与can无时间上的区别eg: He couldn't/can't be over fifty. 一：，'< ：'1：或. q . eg: The vv rdoc/s are cpen. He cculd have come 匕 ack.表小建if或 L .：eg: How I wish I could go with you!Unit 39、hang out闲逛 Where do you hang out these days?v.悬挂；垂下无被动语态用法eg: Hang your suit in the wardrobe.hang hang-

30、hung-hung 悬挂 The students hung a map of China on the wall.hang-hanged-hanged 吊死.绞死 The criminal was hanged.必毋 口 人.把某物递给某人 eg: Pass me cola, please.=Pass cola to mef please.用圆 pass sb. sth.=Passsth.to sb.奎西邈酗陛期典s sth.to sb. Pass it to Jenny.10、pass 走过;理世 A red car passed just now.及格：合格 I was happy th

31、at I passed the exam.(时间)M去：流逝 The days passed slowly.”借进。即说话人向别人借东西供自cl用borrow borrow sth. from sb. orsomewhereSection B11、辨析, ”借出。即说话人把白己的东西借给别人用 lenolend sth. to sb.或lend sb. sth.，保存、保由衙用”一keep表示借用的时间长度Mary may keep the book for two weeks.为了,目的是1> in order to.=so as tovt .提eg: In order to catc

32、h the train, he hurried to finish the work.否定 in order not to共；供应2、provid provide sth. for sb.=provide sb. with sth,为某人提供某物eg: They can provide enough food for us.依靠、依赖后十名词，动词ing形式，代词宾格，宾语从句3, depend depend °n/up°n-eg: You are adults now and should not depend on/upon your parents.It all de

33、pends. 一切要 n. development4、developadjdeveloped 发达的 developing 发展中的结果as a result后跟表示事情结果的句子5、辨析eg: He made a big mistake, and as a result, he lost his job. 因为：由广as a result of=because of后常跟名词、代词方eg. Bill v/as late as a result of the heavy snow.1> allow，“八Mew ch S He cth尤迁茶人做茸事eg: The teacher allow

34、ed him to go into the classroom.(not) allov'/ doing sth.不；:做”eg: We do not allow smoking in the hall.（不）被允许做某事be （not） allowed to do sth. 被新结构eg: Passengers are not allowed to smoke.Section A2、findfind a dninn 6K发现果人磔做某事；9' eg: I find a girl dancing under the tree.后常4复合宾语(宾语+宾补)I find her an

35、 easy woman to work with.3 look through 快速查看；浏览n.协议：交易=it's no big deal4、deal5、 argue6、辨析8、offerits not a big deal jeo: Change the time of the meeting. It's not a big deal.It's a deal就这么办：一言为定eg: Let's meet at half past six.Itfs a deal.为某事后臬人争吵argue with sb. about sth.eg: TheyYe alwa

36、ys arguing with each other about their kid's education.argument名词形式3-entwEb.官某叱句You shouldn t have an argument with your teacher.quarrel 争吵fight：打架argue 字留debat辩论一画词instead可单独位于句首或句尾eg: You are tired. Let me do it instead.7询短而一instead of后+名词、代词的动词的ing形式eg. Will you go instead of me?offer sb. sth

37、./offer sth. to sb. 司，offer to do sth.9 communicate（动）提出做某事eg: She offers to give him a piece of advice.v.交流：沟通与沟通communicate with. ；-t,eg: I。代en communicate with my friends by letter.名词形式 communication交流：沟通）提比设=Why not.?肯定10. Why don't you.？Good idea.That's a good idea.Yes, please.Yes, rd l

38、ove to.回答I agree with you.否定I don't think so. Sorry, but, Ed like to, Ibut.肯定until引导时间状语从句否定直到为止eg: III stay here until you come back.直到才eg: I didn't go to bed until Mom came back.以便 that可以省略引导目的状语从句 =in order that为了11、连词so that引导结果状语从句although引导让步状语从句eg: I took a taxi so that I could get th

39、ere earlier. 陈述客观事实eg: He studied hard so that he passed the exam. 虽然，尽管但&然而=though不能与but连用eg:He went to school although he was very ill.=give.backreturn sth. to sb.| Unit 4 |B12、return13、leavevi.回来：返回=return sb. sth.=give sth. back to sb.eg: I returned the book to him.=1 returned him the book.=

40、1 gave the book back to him.return to+地点名诃=come/get backeg: He returned to school at 6 p.m.=He got back to school at 6p.m.注意:return和home, here, there连用时，return后不用加toleave for.动身去某地leave sb.by onesej把某，单鬻卜“h，一看eg: I cant leave my daughter by herself.leave sth. somewhereleave因粗心而没带某物或把某物落在某处辨析forgeteg

41、: I left the key at home.forget sth大脑不能记起或回忆不出某事物反义 remembereg. I forgot his name.v.继续存在：持续=go on1、continue2、辨析3、 crazycontinue to do sth. eg: The rain continued falling/to fall all afternoon.句型 continue doing sth.continue with sth.维续做某事com.0.with将；.和；比较强调同类相l匕傥明相同之处eg: He compared his camera with m

42、pare.to .旦她强调片类相比发现不同之处eg: Books can be compared to friends.adj.疯狂的；不理智的be crazy abouteg: They are all crazy about Chinese food.v.鞭策:督促 push sb.to do sth.4. push推动：移动督促某人做某事eg: The teacher pushes her pupils.5、perhaps adv.可能：大概反义 pullPulTthe door openf please. Don't push itprobably位于句首、句中或

43、句尾=maybeperhaps ：常位于句苜常与can, eay等情态动词连用 POSS班.南拉于苟币可能性:probably>perhaps>possiblySection A7、 beat过去分词:beatenbeat后+比赛中的对手或敌人V.打败，赢辨析win后+比赛，奖品，名誉，财产等eg. Our school beat their school at the football match and won first prize.re 倚；碰；撞（闹钟）发出响声 eg. Listen! The bell is going off.1 : go off （食物、饮新）变质

44、egThe bottle ofnTlk has gone off. （电灯）熄灭 eg: All the lights went off suddenly. 天量地2、heavily形容雨、雪下得大=hardeg: Though it was raining heavily/hard, they were still working hard.adv.突然 在句首时要用逗号隔开eg: Suddenly, I have a good idea.3、suddenlysuddenadj.突然的eg: His sudden death makes everybody sad.all of a sudd

45、en突然,猛地 =suddenly eg: All of a sudden, it began to rain.=Suddenly, it began to rain.挑选 Pick up a number from one to five.捡起、拿起 Mr. Smith picked up his hat and went out.4、pick up搭载、接某人 Pick me up at the hotel."动词+副词“谓语为放中间Please jielp me pick it up.adj.奇怪的5、strange+ly=adv.strangelyeg. What a str

46、ange idea!+ness=n. strangeness+r=n. stranger6、reportV .报道n.报告；汇报;报道 make/give a report（作报告）It is reported that.理;艮-< 小匕.卜卜卜-| eg: It is reported that the movie star is going to our city.过去式:beatc . t eg: Jim stood against the table.8、against 广焉 r力H反乂:for反对Ui U.d ” .eg: Are you for or against the

47、plan?表语.强调睦着的状态ds asleep 9、 asleep . .eg. The baby is asleep.fall asleepj -ttt. . r u .eg. My father was so tired that ne fell asleep quickly.逐渐变弱：逐渐消失cf（患病）死亡（原因多来自内部）10、die down与die相关的搭配die fromeg: He died of lung cancer, （因伤）死亡（原因多来自外部）eg, 1 ne man ciiea rroin a cat accident.die out灭绝；消失eg: This

48、kind of bird has died out in the world.Unit 5Section B11、辨析rise(rose,risen) 升起； 上升E语自身移向较高位置raise (raised, raised)vtL举起：提高上出发出的动作作用于其他事物eg. We raise the national flag at the time when the sun rises.12、过去进行时肯定句 was/wee+动词的ing否定句 主语+ was/were+not + 现在分词三股疑眄Z Was/Were + 垂+欣在分词二?殊口可句 特殊疑问同+ wks/were（ I上

49、高）+川,在分i司；时间状语thenlast nightat that timeat five yesterday班好 二I殳迎去时 过去某个时间发生过的动作或存在的状态 加忻HE丢旌行时 过去某个时刻或某二段时间正在旌行的动作前往：费力地前进make one's way to/towards+ 地点 前往某地eg: Will you be able to make your way to the bus stop?1、make one's wayway构成的短语by the way顺便问一下in the /one，s way 挡路；妨碍on the / one's w

50、ay to在(某人)去的路上 lose one's way 旅部-F过去时的被动语态墨邕£词的过去分词silent的名词形式3、silence4、recently5、at first6、 truth/. . .eg: As night fell, everything was in silence.adv.不久前adj. recent 最近的eg: Mr. Wang has recently returned home from Europe.比较级:more recently 最高级:most recently多用于句苜或句末反义 at lasteg: The work w

51、as hard at first, but I got used to it later.=at the beginningat first表示”起初（但后来）,与后来发生的事相对照辨析At first, I didn't want to go, but I soon changed my mind.=firstfirst of all说明顺序后面常接next, then等First of all, open the window.n.实情adj. trueadv. trulyeg: He told me the truth. And I truly believe it is tru

52、e.兑实话老实说一to tell ( you ) the truth一股放在句首eg: To tell the truth, I fell in love with Shanghai when I got there.to be honest坦白地说类似的插入语to be sure诚然to start with=to begin with起初，开始时moving 个人感动的 描述由或：（港多片药）1、moveV.打动，便感动一愚动的描述人（主语多用人） movedeg: What he said moved everyone.eg. We are all moved by the moving story.v.不当动/坡（京）eg: I don't like the house. I'm going