新目标英语初一上册语法重点词汇句型

1、新目标英语初一上册语法重点词汇句型A）、名词的数 我们知道名词可以分为可数名词和不可数名词，而不可数名词它没有复数形式，但可数名词却有单数和复数之分，复数的构成如下： 一）在后面加s。如：fathers, books, Americans, Germans, apples, bananas 二）x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：boxes, glasses, dresses, watches, wishes, faxes 三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es 如：baby-babies, family-families, duty-duties, comedy-comed

2、ies, documentary-documentaries, story-stories 2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：day-days, boy-boys, toy-toys, key-keys, ways 四）以o结尾加s（外来词）。如：radios, photos, 但如是辅音加o的加es：如: tomatoes西红柿, potatoes马铃薯 五）以f或fe结尾的变f为v再加es(s)。如：knife-knives, wife-wives, half-halves, shelf-shelves, leaf-leaves, yourself-yourselves 六）单复数相同

3、（不变的）有：fish, sheep, deer鹿子, Chinese, Japanese 七）一般只有复数，没有单数的有：people,pants, shorts, shoes, glasses, gloves, clothes, socks 八）单词形式不变，既可以是单数也可以是复数的有：police警察局，警察, class班，同学, family家，家庭成员 九）合成的复数一般只加主要名词，多数为后一个单词。如：action movie-action movies, pen pal-pen pals; 但如果是由man或woman所组成的合成词的复数则同时为复数。如：man docto

4、r-men doctors, woman teacher-women teachers 十）有的单复数意思不同。如：fish鱼 fishes鱼的种类, paper纸 papers报纸，卷子，论文, work工作 works作品，工厂, glass玻璃 glasses玻璃杯，眼镜, orange桔子水 oranges橙子, light光线 lights灯, people人 peoples民族, time时间 times时代, 次数, chicken 鸡肉 chickens 小鸡 十一） 单个字母的复数可以有两种形式直接加s或s。如：Is (Is), Ks (Ks)。但如是缩略词则只加s。如：ID

5、s, VCDs, SARs 十二） 特殊形式的有：child-children, man-men, woman-women, foot-feet, mouse-mice, policeman-policemen, Englishman-Englishmen B）名词的格 当我们要表示某人的什么东西或人时，我们就要使用所有格形式。构成如下： 一）单数在后面加s。如：brothers, Mikes, teachers 二）复数以s结尾的直接在s后加，如果不是以s结尾的与单数一样处理。如：Teachers Day教师节, classmates; Childrens Day六一节, Womens Da

6、y三八节 三）由and并列的名词所有时，如果是共同所有同一人或物时，只加最后一个s，但分别拥有时却分别按单数形式处理。如：Mike and Bens room迈克和本的房间（共住一间），Mikes and Bens rooms迈克和本的房间（各自的房间） 2、代词 项目 人称代词 物主代词 指示代词 反身代词 人称 主格 宾格 形容词 名词性 第一人称 单数 I me my mine myself 复数 we us our ours ourselves 第二人称 单数 you you your yours yourself 复数 you you your yours yourselves 第三

7、人称 单数 she her her hers herself he him his his himself it it its its this that itself 复数 they them their theirs these those themselves 3、动词 A） 第三人称单数 当动词是第三人称单数时，动词应该像名词的单数变动词那样加s，如下： 一）一般在词后加s。如：comes, spells, waits, talks, sees, dances, trains 二）在x, sh, ch, s, tch后加es。如：watches, washes, wishes, fin

8、ishes 三）1）以辅音字母加y结尾的变y为i再加es。如：study-studies, hurry-hurries, try-tries 2）以元音字母加y结尾的直接加s。如：plays, says, stays, enjoys, buys 四）以o结尾加es。如：does, goes 五）特殊的有：are-is, have-has B） 现在分词 当我们说某人正在做什么事时，动词要使用分词形式，不能用原形，构成如下： 一）一般在后加ing。如：spell-spelling, sing-singing, see-seeing, train-training, play-playing, h

9、urry-hurrying, watch-watching, go-going, do-doing 二）以不发音e的结尾的去掉e再加ing。如：dance-dancing, wake-waking, take-taking, practice-practicing, write-writing, have-having 三）以重读闭音节结尾且一个元音字母一个辅音字母（注意除开字母组合如show showing, draw-drawing）要双写最后的辅音字母再加ing。如：put-putting, run-running, get-getting, let-letting, begin-beg

10、inning 四）以ie结尾的变ie为y再加ing。如：tie-tying系 die-dying死 lie-lying 位于 4、形容词的级 我们在对两个或以上的人或物进行对比时，则要使用比较或最高级形式。构成如下： 一） 一般在词后加er或est(如果是以e结尾则直接加r或st)。如：greater-greatest, shorter shortest, taller tallest, longer longest, nicer- nicest, larger -largest 二）以重读闭音节结尾且1个元音字母1个辅音字母(字母组合除外，如few-fewer fewest)结尾的双写结尾的

11、辅音再加er /est。如：big-bigger biggest, red-redder reddest, hot-hotter hottest 三） 以辅音字母y结尾的变y为i加er/est。如：happy-happier happiest, sorry-sorrier sorriest, friendly-friendlier friendliest(more friendly most friendly), busy-busier busiest, easy-easier easiest 四）特殊情况：(两好多坏，一少老远) good/well - better best many/mu

12、ch - more most bad/ill worse worst little- less least old- older/elder oldest/eldest far- farther/further farthest/furthest 5、数词 (基变序，有规则；一、二、三，自己背；五、八、九、十二；其它后接th；y结尾，变为i, eth跟上去。) first, second, third; fifth, eighth, ninth, twelfth; seventh, tenth, thirteenth, hundredth; twenty-twentieth, forty-fo

13、rtieth, ninety-ninetieth二、句式 1.陈述句 肯定陈述句 a) This is a book. (be动词) b) He looks very young. (连系动词) c) I want a sweat like this. (实义动词) d) I can bring some things to school. (情态动词) e) Theres a computer on my desk. (There be结构) 否定陈述句 a) These arent their books. b) They dont look nice. c) Kate doesnt go

14、 to No. 4 Middle School. d) Kate cant find her doll.e) There isnt a cat here. (=Theres no cat here.) 2. 祈使句 肯定祈使句 a) Please go and ask the man. b) Lets learn English! c) Come in, please. 否定祈使句a) Dont be late. b) Dont hurry. 3. 疑问句 1) 一般疑问句 a) Is Jim a student? b) Can I help you? c) Does she like sal

15、ad? d) Do they watch TV? e) Is she reading? 肯定回答: a) Yes, he is. b) Yes, you can. c) Yes, she does. d) Yes, they do. e) Yes, she is. 否定回答: a) No, he isnt. b) No, you cant. c) No, she doesnt. d) No, they dont. e) No, she isnt. 2) 选择疑问句 Is the table big or small? 回答 Its big./ Its small. 3) 特殊疑问句 问年龄 H

16、ow old is Lucy? She is twelve. 问种类 What kind of movies do you like? I like action movies and comedies. 问身体状况 How is your uncle? He is well/fine. 问方式 How do/can you spell it? L-double O-K. How do we contact you? My e-mail address is cindyjones. 问原因 Why do you want to join the club? 问时间 Whats the time

17、? (=What time is it?) Its a quarter to ten a.m. What time do you usually get up, Rick? At five oclock. When do you want to go? Lets go at 7:00. 问地方 Wheres my backpack? Its under the table. 问颜色 What color are they? They are light blue. Whats your favourite color? Its black. 问人物 Whos that? Its my sist

18、er. Who is the boy in blue? My brother. Who isnt at school? Peter and Emma. Who are Lisa and Tim talking to? 问东西 Whats this/that (in English)? Its a pencil case. What else can you see in the picture? I can see some broccoli, strawberries and hamburgers. 11问姓名 Whats your aunts name? Her name is Helen

19、./Shes Helen. Whats your first name? My first names Ben. Whats your family name? My family names Smith. 12 问哪一个 Which do you like? I like one in the box. 13 问字母 What letter is it? Its big D/small f. 14 问价格 How much are these pants? Theyre 15 dollars. 15 问电话号码 Whats your phone number? Its 576-8349. 1

20、6 问谓语(动作) Whats he doing? Hes watching TV. 17 问职业(身份) What do you do? Im a teacher. Whats your father? Hes a doctor. 三、时态 1、一般现在时 表示普遍、经常性的或长期性的动作时使用一般现在时，它有： Be 动词：Shes a worker. Is she a worker? She isnt a worker. 情态动词：I can play the piano. Can you play the piano? I cant play the piano. 行为动词：They

21、want to eat some tomatoes. Do they want to eat any tomatoes? They dont want to eat any tomatoes. Gina has a nice watch. Does Gina have a nice watch? Gina doesnt have a watch. 2、现在进行时 表示动词在此时正在发生或进行就使用进行时态，结构为sb be v-ing sth + 其它. Im playing baseball. Are you playing baseball? Im not playing baseball

22、. Nancy is writing a letter. Is Nancy writing a letter? Nancy isnt writing a leter。Theyre listening to the pop music. Are they listening the pop music? They arent listening to the pop music.英语作文中考满分作文欣赏中国加入 WTO 后，有一大批外国人来我市河源参观。假设你是导游，请根据以下内容，向外宾简单介绍我市的情况。 要求： 1. 100 词左右； 2. 要点包括： a. 有悠久的历史，位于广东的东北部

23、，离广州 198 公里，人口约 324 万。 b. 有许多名胜古迹，如苏家围（ Sujiawei ）；万绿湖（ WanluLake ）等等；万绿湖是一个很美丽的地方，湖水清澈，无污染；湖中有各种各样的鱼；你可以到那里划船，野餐，钓鱼，是度假的好去处。你也可以去参观河源市博物馆，在那里你可以看到许多恐龙化石（ fossil ）。c. 祝大家在河源玩得愉快。Ladies and gentlemen，Welcome to Heyuan， now let me introduce our city Heyuan to you.中考满分作文欣赏Ladies and gentlemen,Welcome t

24、o Heyuan, now let me introduce our city Heyuan to you. Heyuan is a city with a long history. It is in the northeast of Guangdong and 198 kilometres away from Guangzhou. It has a population of 3,240,000.There are many places of interest in Heyuan, such as Sujiawei Wanlu Lake and so on. Wanlu Lake is

25、a beautiful place. The water is clean and not polluted. There are all kinds of fish in it. You can go boating, go fishing and have a picnic there. It is really a good place to spend your holiday. Besides, you can go and visit Heyuan Museum. There you can see a lot of dinosaur egg fossils.I hope you

26、can enjoy yourselves in Heyuan.Thank you.人教版英语八年级（上）期末复习200个综合语法选择题( )1. _ do you write to your pen friend? Once a week. A. How long B. How soon C. How far D. How often( )2. _ students are there in your class? Forty-one. A. How much B. How many C. How long D. How heavy( )3. _ does a car cost（花费）in C

27、hina? It can cost as a little 50,000 yuan and as much as 300,000 yuan. A. How many B. How price C. How money D. How much( )4. Pass my glasses to me, I can _ read the words in the newspaper. A. hardly B. really C. rather(更确切的) D. clearly(清晰的)( )5. Jackie is _ careful, so he seldom(很少) makes mistake.

28、A. usually B. never C. always D. sometimes( )6. _ they are brothers, they dont look like each other at all. A. Because B. Though C. When D. As( )7. I _ at this time of yesterday. A. started do my homework B. started my homework C. started to do my homework D. started did my homework( )8. Who knows t

29、he key _ Exercise 1? Put up your hands. A. to B. of C. with D. about ( )9. I usually come to school _. A. by a bus B. on foot C. by foot D. on bus( )10. Its a fine day _ a walk. A. in B. of C. for D. at( )11. I like _ in the early morning. A. a walk B. walks C. walking D. on foots( )12. _ do you usu

30、ally go home? A. How B. What C. Where D. Who( )13. _ she leave home at six? Yes, she does. A. Is B. Can C. Do D. Does( )14. We cant see _ sun at night. A. a B. an C. the D. no ( )15. I usually walk to school, but I _ come by bus. A. some times B. often C. sometimes D. maybe( )16. Look, there is a bo

31、y over there _ the tree. A. on B. in C. at D. of( )17. She _ back home once a year with her parents. A. is going B. go C. goes D. going( )18. My father goes to work _ every day. A. by a bike B. in a bike C. on a bike D. ride bikes( )19. What does your father do? _. A. He is working hard B. He is at

32、work now C. He is a teacher D. He is teaching English( )20. Here is a post card_. A. from she to he B. from hers to him C. to him from her D. from her to him( )21. American students go to school five days _. A. every week B. the week C. in a week D. a week( )22. Can you _ English? Only _. A. speak ,

33、 a little words B. say, a little words C. speak, a little D. say, a little( )23. He works very hard because he wants _ money for his family. A. to make B. doing C. look for D. to find( )24. Sleeping too late is _ your health. A. good for B. bad for C. good to D. bad to( )25. Some of us watch TV thre

34、e _ four _a week. A. and, time B. but, time C. or, time D. or, times( )26. Li Lei likes _ a red hat. A. putting on B. to put on C. wearing D. wears( )27. I do homework every day when I come _ home _ school. A. to, from B. at, for C. , from D. from, to ( )28. I love junk food too, _ I try to _ only o

35、nce a week. A. but, eat B. but, eat them C. and, eat D. but, eat it( )29. My mother isnt in, I must _ my sister at home. A. look at B. look after C. look up D. look out( )30.I often _ on weekends. A. go to movie B. go the movies C. going to the movies D. go to the movies( )31. What _ the boy always

36、do on weekends? He always _ football _ his friends. A. does, plays, with B. does, play, and C. do, plays, and D. do, play, with( )32. My parents usually _ books after dinner. A. watch B. watches C. read D. see( )33. _ hours of sports do you do every week? Six. A. How long B. How much C. How many D.

37、How often( )34. Could you help me, please? _. A. Thats all right B. No C. Not at all D. No problem( )35. Eating vegetables maybe help you keep in _. A. healthy B. health C. healthily D. unhealthy( )36.Whats wrong _ your leg? A. to B. at C. with D. in( )37. _? Nothing. I only want to sleep for a whil

38、e. A. Whats up B. How much is there C. Whats matter D. Are you OK( )38. _ your brother and you _ any questions? A. Do, has B. Do, have C. Does, have D. Does, has( )39. Shall we go to visit the Great Wall first? _ A. Yes, we do B. Yes, lets go C. No, you shouldnt D. Its a pity( )40. Youd better _ to

39、send me an e-mail when you get home. A. not to forget B. dont forget C. to not forget D. not forget( )41.-Can you come and play football with me? -_. I have a lot of work to do. A. Excuse me B. I hope so C. Im afraid not D. Its a pleasure( )42. My brother doesnt feel _ today. A. nice B. good C. well

40、 D. badly( )43. She doesnt feel like _ anything today. A. to eat B. eating C. eat D. eats( )44. I have a toothache, I _ to see a dentist. A. want B. need C. should D. must( )45. -Whats the _, Judy? -I have a fever. A. wrong B. matter C. thing D. question( )46. National Day is _ October 1st. A. at B.

41、 of C. in D. on( )47. -Whats the matter? _ -_ A. Im not thirsty B. She has a sore throat C. Im very sorry D. Youre wrong maybe( )48.-_ did you start singing? -Two years ago. A. How B. When C. Where D. Why( )49. It is _ today than yesterday . Shall we go swimming this afternoon ?A. the hottest B. hot

42、 C. hottest D. hotter( )50. -You can go to the policeman for help. -_. A. Sure B. Its bad C. Good idea D. Youre right( )51.I have a toothache. Maybe you should see a _. A. teacher B. nurse C. worker D. dentist( )52. Whats on TV tonight? Is there _ interesting? Im afraid not. A. something B. nothing

43、C. anything D. everything( )53. Excuse me, have you got any ink(墨水)? Yes, but only _. A. a little B. a few C. little D. few ( )54. -May I take this book out of the reading room? -_, please read it here. A. Certainly B. Sure C. No, you neednt D. No, you mustnt( )55. “It took me nearly 40 minutes to r

44、ide here”. “Have a drink, please. You _ be thirty.” A. will B. must C. should D. can( )56. You must look _ yourself and keep _. A. for, health B. after, health C. after, healthy D. for, healthy( )57 She _ babysit her sister this weekend. A. need to B. must C. have to D. had to( )58. Its very useful

45、_ English well. A. of us to learn B. for us to learn C. of us learning D. for us learning( )59. Lu Yun is a famous people, _ here knows him. A. someone B. everyone C. no one D. anyone( )60. Dont cross the road now, you _ wait for the green lights. A. has to B. should C. can D. may ( )61. Eating _ me

46、at is bad for your health. A. too many B. much too C. many too D. too much( )62. You shouldnt eat too much _ you go to bed. A. when B. before C. after D. while( )63. People who are _ and angry must eat too much yang food. A. stressed B. stressed of C. stressed out D. stressed in( )64. You dont look

47、well. Whats wrong? _ A. It doesnt matter B. Please dont ask me C. I dont think so D. I was ill yesterday( )65. Im ill. Please give me some good _. A. advise B. advises C. advice D. advices( )66. There is _ snow here in winter. A. too many B. too much C. lot of D. much too( )67. Could you give me a p

48、iece of paper _? A. to write B. to write down C. to write on D. to write with( )68. I dont feel _. The doctor asked me to go and see him _ three days. A. well, every B. well, each C. good, each D. good, every( )69. There is _ with your computer. A. much something wrong B. much wrong something C. not

49、hing much wrong D. something wrong much( )70. Youre very tired. Youd better _. A. stop to working B. stop working C. to stop to work D. stop to work( )71.- _ is he staying here? -From Monday to Saturday. A. How often B. How far C. How long D. When( )72. Were _ this Sunday. A. go fishing B. going cam

50、p C. going shopping D. go hiking( )73. -_ are you doing for next vacation? -Im going to Tibet for a week. A. Where B. What C. How long D. Why( )74. My sister and I _ a vacation this summer. A. are taking B. is taking C. are have D. is having( )75. That piece of music sounds _. A. beautifully B. happily C. nice D. pretty( )76. May I ask some questions _ that thing. Sure! A. of B. for C. about D. to( )77. I dont know that boy _ can dance well. A. this B. who C. what D. where( )78. He is a _ star, everyone here knows him. A. interesting B. exciting C. funny D. famous( )79. I _ you can get bett