仁爱八年上册语法

1、UNIT 1 Topic 1 语法精讲be going to+ 动词原形1. 表示说话人根据现在已有的迹象，判断将要或即将发生某种情况。这类句子的主语可以是人,也可是物。例如：There is going to be a football match in our school tomorrow after noon.明天下午我们学校将有一场足球赛。（已有告示）I feel terriblethi nk I'm goi ng to die.我感到难受极了，我想我快不行了。Look at those black clouds ！ It's going to rain.看看那些乌云

2、！天快要下雨了。2. 表示主语现在的意图或现已作出的决定，即打算在最近或将来进行某事。这种意图或决定往 往是事先经过考虑的。例如：He isn't going to see his elder brother tomorrow. 他明天不准备去看他哥哥。Mary is going to be a teacher when she grows up. 玛丽决定长大了当一名教师。3. 只是单纯地预测未来的事，此时可与will互换。例如：I thi nk it is going to/will rain this evening.我认为今晚要下雨。（1） be going to和will在含

3、义和用法上略有不同。be going to往往表示事先经过考虑的打算； will多表示意愿、决心。两者有时不能互换。例如：He is studying hard and is going to try for the exams.他正努力学习，准备参加考试。（不能用 will替换）Can somebody help me ？谁能帮我一下吗？I will.我来。（不能用be going to替换）（2） 在if之后，通常不用 will表示预言，但可以用be going to表示意图。例如：If you are going to go to the cinema this evening ，you

4、'd better take your coat with you. 你若今晚去看 电影，最好带着外套。be going to也常可以用于主句之中。例如：If you invite Jack， there's going to be trouble.如果你邀请杰克，那就要惹麻烦了。如果表示将来的意愿，will可用于条件从句。此时will为情态动词。例如：If you will learn to play football ， I'll help you.如果你想学踢足球，我可以帮你。 课堂小测1. Be careful. The traind.A. will come

5、B. C. comes D. is coming2. Look at those clouds. Ita_ soon, I'm afraid.A. is going to rain B. is rai ning C. will rain D. won't rain3. The radio says itc_ the day after tomorrow.A. is going to snow B. is snowing C. will snow D. snows4. _bhesome shopp ing tomorrow after noon ?A. Will does B.

6、is goi ng to do C. isdoi ng D. Shall doUNIT 1 Topic 2 语法精讲Would you mind.,?Would you mind. ?你介意* 喑 /谖你 o you min 爵 doing. ?用来客气地 提出情求.耳否定形式为工Would/Do you mind not doing .?你不做行吗？e.g Would/Do you mind givingme a glass ofwalef?请你给我一ff/K好朗Would/Do you mind not smoking 请你捌抽呱好吗？回答带有mint!的间句时要yes或帅都是针对minM

7、介意，在乎）选用的表示"介 氯在乎"时，用严鈴后而跟句子，意思是“不让对方做某雷件蔻示“不介意,不 在乎"时选用tio,后逆跟句子，意思是“允忏对方做某事”.e.g Would/Do you mind hdpingmewith the heavy加刈你介意帮我搬这个重箱子吗？Nor not at all./Certainly not/Of course not.不介意，当然可以.Fm sorry, but对不起，但是动名词前还可以加一个逻辑主语，一股用形容词性物主代词或名词所有鳳e.g Wfaiidyou mind my clo sing tliedoof?你介意

8、找关上门吗？Would you mind tny using your cdtnputer?我可以用 _下你朗电卿吗? Would/Do you mind my smoking here?你介意我在这儿抽烟吗? Yes, youbetter not.是的，你最好别抽. No, certainly not./F介意，当然可以抽°Could you please.?Could you please .? = Would you please .一.?都表示客气' 委婉地提出请求此处不表示过去时° e. g. Could you pleas e clean our cla

9、ssroom?请你打扫一下我ff的教室好吗？wll用作表示意愿的情态动伺wiilS示意!I时，用作情态动词.，意術“愿,会，要呎e. g. Will you lend me yoi ruler?请你把尺子借给我好吗？He won't hdp us any mor匕他不愿意再帮助我们了.呦血也可胡表示意恳，比will语气更委热UNIT 1 Topic 3 语法精讲一般将来时的构成表示彳答某个时间要发生的动作或存在的状态,也表示将來谿或反复发生的动 作r 常与表示 1斛 的时间状语连用.如 tomarrow, s o onrtiext time/week/tnonth/yeai-. rin

10、. mmute/hour/day/week/month一骰将来时的表达方式：wi!Vshdl+动词原形，血11（英国英语）用于富一人称（1, we） will（美国英语）可用于各种人称*将来时的肯定形式；I/W&Tou/H於he/It/They+will 或I/WedBll e g IwiH wait for you at the school.我会在学校等你We shall visit her tomgjit.ft们今晚去拜谊她 °He will be twenty next birthday."FrS生日他就二十岁了-They will go.他 1门要走了 B

11、2. 般将来时的否定形式r lAVYou/He/Sli&lt/They4-will+ nM,或 1/W亡 shadl not.will 的主语后常縮写为T，will not常常缩写为worft, shall nofS常缩写為shanle.g. I won't laid this book to you 我不会JffiS本书倩给你.We shall not go to school the day after tomorrow.后天我们不上学.They won't get there at 8:00.们 8 点® 不了那里。乳一fl?將来时的疑间句形式：Shal

12、l 1/We,g（； Will you/he/she/it/they.4.在疑问句中用来征询听话人的j和愿望.e g. Will you please come in?请进来 好吗？Shall we help him clean the ro mnoWTW门现在要帮助他打扫房间吗？氐在条件状语和时间状语从句中，当主旬中的谓语动词用一般将来时，从旬中的谓语动词则用一般现在时.e. g. I will phone you as soon as I get tiiere.我一到那儿就给你打电话-I won't go to the park if it rams.女口果下雨我就不去公园了-般将

13、来时育两种形或be going to dxi和wil do/shall don be going to表示打算 去做或可能发主的事，will do/shall do多哲客观上将要发主的动作.e. g. Who is gping to speak fir或?谁先发言？She will be thirteen nest week,下星期她就十三岁了 -随堂测试1、 Therea meeti ng tomorrow after noon.A. will be going to B. will going to beC. is going to be D. will go to be( )2. Cha

14、rliehere n ext mon th.A. isn ' t working B. doesn ' t working C. isn ' t going to workingD. won ' t work()3. Hevery busy this week, hefree n ext week.A. will be; is B. is; isC. will be; will beD. is; will be( )4. Therea dolph in show in the zoo tomorrow eve ning.A. was B. is going to

15、 haveC. will have D. is going to be()5.-youfree tomorrow? - No. Ifree the day after tomorrow.A. Are; going to; willB. Are; going to be; willC. Are; going to; will be D. Are; going to be; will be()6. Motherme a n ice prese nt on my n ext birthday.A. will gives B. will giveC. givesD. giveUNIT 2 Topic

16、1 语法精讲表示建议的情态动词表示建议的情态动词should, can, may等有一个共同特点：常當用来表示说话人对某一动 作或状态的态度或情感.有实际词义，但不可单独作谓语，须与动词原形连用，没有人称 的变化.should具否定形式should not缩写为shouldn't.A可以表示劝告*崖议，一般译作*应该，应当作eg. You should answer try question in English.你应当用英書回答我的问题-You should help each other你们应该互相帮助.You shouldn?t talk in classic不应该在课堂上乱说话

17、.B:表示预测，可能.千e g. He should be in the classroom.他应该在教室里.C:表示说话人的感情i如惊奇、愤怒、失望等.e g. Why should 1 go?我为什么应该去？（表示不满）may: If you don7t understand, you may go and ask Miss Wang.如果你不明白，你可以去间王 老师can:You can go to see a doctor.你能去看医生.UNIT 2 Topic 2 语法精讲must的用法（一）must否定式mustn't是的缩写形式其意恩是"禁止，不讯不准， 定不要

18、，一定不许Se g. You mustnl drink the water 你不讦喝这水-You mustnt throw the paper on the floor 你不准把纸扔到地上°注意：不用mustn?t来回答由must!必须、一定裏）开头的问句，而应用nEEdrft(don?thave to)»e.g. Must he clean the room before class?他一定要在课前打扫教室翊 肯定回答：Yes, he must.是的，一定要.否定回答：Ngheneedift/doesnShayetm不,不必.UNIT 2 Topic 3 语法精讲must

19、的用袪（二）1懵态动词mu或强调主观看袪，意思是“必须，应该件含有要求、命令之意.e.g. You must finish your hamcwork血北你必须先完成家庭作业°I must work hard at my lessons,St必狈努力学习各0功陳2. mu吐否定式为mustnj意为"禁止，不得"e.g He mu£tn, t leave here before tai o'clock,十点之巴% 不得离开这儿.3, nw砒表示必然结果，意为“一定，必定耳 込eg. If you don't wortc hard, you

20、must feil in血exam如果你不努力学习的话.佛必定不会通 过着试.4 表示有把握的推测，意思是°肯定打否定推测用can not缩写为cante.g. There must be something wrong with the machine器肯定出了故陣.He can't be so血.他不可能那么老.情态动词用法总结：情态动词的语法特征：1）情态动词不能表示正在发生或已经发生的事情，只表示期待或估计某 事的发生；2）情态动词除ought和have夕卜，后面只能接不带to的不定式。3）情态动词没有人 称，数的变化，即情态动词第三人称单数不加-s。4）情态动词没有

21、非谓语形式，即没有不定式，分词，等形式。一、比较 can 和 be able to1）can could表示能力；可能 （过去时用could）,只用于现在式和过去式 （could）。 be able to可以 用于各种时态。They will be able to tell you the news soo n. 他很快就能告诉你消息了。2）只用 be able toa.位于助动词后。b.情态动词后。c.表示过去某时刻动作时。d.用于句首表示条件。e.表示成功地做了某事时，只能用 was/were able to， 不能用could。He was able to flee Europe bef

22、ore the war broke out.He man aged to flee Europe before the war broke out.注意：could不表示时态1 ）提出委婉的请求，（注意在回答中不可用could ）。Could I have the televisi on on?Yes, you can. / No, you can't.2）在否定，疑问句中表示推测或怀疑。He could n't be a bad man.他不大可能是坏人。二、比较 may 禾口 might1）表示允许或请求；表示没有把握的推测；may放在句首，表示祝愿。May God ble

23、ss you!He might be at home.注意：might表示推测时，不表示时态。只是可能性比may小。2）成语：may/might as well，后面接不带to的不定式，意为”不妨”。If that is the case, we may as well try三、比较 have to 禾口 must1）两词都是必须的意思，have to表示客观的需要，must表示说话人主观上的看法，既主观上的必要。My brother was very ill, so I had to call the doctor in the middle of the ni ght.我弟弟病得很厉害，

24、我只得半夜里把医生请来。（客观上需要做这件事）He said that they must work hard.他说他们必须努力工作。（主观上要做这件事）2）have to有人称、数、时态的变化，而 must只有一种形式。但must可用于间接引语中表示过去的必要或义务。He had to look after his sister yesterday.3) 在否定结构中：don't have tomust n't表示"禁止”，You don't have to tell him about it.You must n't tell him about

25、it.表示"不必"你不一定要把此事告诉他。 你一定不要把这件事告诉他。四、must表示推测1）must用在肯定句中表示较有把握的推测，意为"一定”。2）must表对现在的状态或现在正发生的事情的推测时，must后面通常接系动词 be的原形或行为动词的进行式。You have worked hard all day.You must be tired.你辛苦干一整天，一定累了。（对现在情况的推测判断）He must be worki ng in his office.他一定在办公室工作呢。比较：He must be stayi ng there.他现在肯定呆在那里。

26、He must stay there.他必须呆在那。3）must表示对已发生的事情的推测时，must要接完成式。I did n't hear the pho ne. I must have bee n asleep.我刚才没有听到电话，我想必是睡着了。4）must表示对过去某时正发生的事情的推测，must后面要接不定式的完成进行式。Why did n't you answer my phone call?Well, I must have bee n sleep ing, so I did n't hear it.5）否定推测用can't 。如果汤姆五点才If

27、Tom did n't leave here un til five o' clock, he can't be home yet.离开这儿，他此时一定还未到家。五、表示推测的用法can, could, may, might, must皆可表示推测，其用法如下：1 ）情态动词+动词原形。表示对现在或将来的情况的推测，此时动词通常为系动词。1 don't know where she is, she may be in Wuha n.2 ）情态动词+动词现在进行时。表示对现在或将来正在进行的情况进行推测。At this mome nt, our teacher m

28、ust be correct ing our exam papers. 这时，我们老师想必在批改试卷。3 ）情态动词+动词完成时。表示对过去情况的推测。We would have fini shed this work by the end of next December.明年十二月底前我们很可能已完成这项工作了。The road is wet. It must have rained last ni ght.地是湿的，昨天晚上一定下雨了。4）情态动词+动词的现在完成进行时。表示对过去正在发生事情的推测。Your mother must have bee n look ing for you

29、.你妈妈一定一直在找你。5） 推测的否定形式，疑问形式用can't, couldn't表示。Mike can't have found his car, for he came to work by bus this morning.迈克一定还没有找回他的车，因为早上他是坐公共汽车来上班的。 注意：could, might表示推测时不表示时态，其推测的程度不如can, may 。六、should 禾口 ought toshould和ought to 都为”应该”的意思，可用于各种人称。Ought he to go?Yes. I think he ought to.表示要

30、求，命令时，语气由 should（应该）、had better 最好）、must （必须）渐强。七、had better 表示”最好”had better相当于一个助动词，它只有一种形式，它后面要跟动词原形。had better do sthhad better not do sthIt is pretty cold. You'd better put on my coat.She'd better not play with the dog.had better have done sth表示与事实相反的结果，意为”本来最好”。You had better have come

31、 earlier.八、would rather 表示”宁愿”would rather dowould rather not dowould rather than 宁愿而不愿。还有 would sooner, had rather, had sooner都表示”宁愿”、”宁可”的意思。If I have a choice, I had sooner not con ti nue my studies at this school.I would rather stay here tha n go home. = I would stay here rather tha n go home.九、

32、will 和 would1) would like ; Would like to do = want to想要，为固定搭配。Would you like to go with me?2) Will you？ Would you like?表示肯定含义的请求劝说时，疑问句中一般用some,而 不是any。Would you like some cake?3) 否定结构中用 will，一般不用would, won't you是一种委婉语气。Won't you sit down?十、情态动词的回答方式问句肯定回答否定回答Need you ？ Yes, I must. No,I ne

33、ed n'tMust you ？ /don't have to.十、 带to的情态动词带 to 的情态动词有四个：ought to, have to, used to, be to, 如加上 have got to ,(=must),be able to ，为六个。它们的疑问，否定形式应予以注意：Do they have to pay their bill before the end of the mon th?She did n't use to play tennis before she was fourtee n.You ought not to have t

34、old her all about it.Ought he to see a heart specialist at once.?ought to本身作为情态动词使用。其他的词作为实义动词使用，变疑问，否定时，须有do等助动词协助。典型例题Tom ought not tome your secret, but he meant no harm.A.have told B.tellC.be telli ngD. havi ng told答案A。由于后句为过去时，告诉秘密的动作又发生在其前因，此地应用过去完成时，但它在 情态动词ought to 后，所以用have 。十二、比较 need禾口 da

35、re这两词既可做实义动词用，又可做情态动词用。作为情态动词，两者都只能用于疑问句，否定 句和条件句。need作实义动词时后面的不定式必须带to，而dare作实义动词用时，后面的to时常可以被省略。1）实义动词：need（需要，要求）n eed + n. / to do sth2）情态动词：need，只用原形need后加do，否定形式为 need not。Need you go yet? Yes, I must. / No, I need n't.3）need的被动含义：need, want, require, worth （形容词）后面接 doing也可以表示被动： n eed doi

36、ng = n eed to be done随堂测试1. Must I finish my homework today ？No， you.A. can 't B. needn ' t. C. mustn t. D. may not2. I speak to Mary ？Mary Speak ing.A. Must B. NeedC. MayD. Shall3. This math problem is too hard. Nobodydo it.A. may not B. mayC. can t D. can4. Can you speak Japa nese？No， I.A.

37、 can t B. mustn 't C. may not D. needn t5. Youstop whe n the lights are red.A. may B. canC. should D. must6. Youplay football in the street. It s dan gerous.A. can t B. shouldn 'tC. mustn t D. wouldnUNIT 3 Topic 1 语法精讲Used toused to do sth,意为 叫以前常做过去常常做1 表示过去的习惯、状态，常用于过去形式，时态不变e g I used to

38、go fishing on Sund那.我QA前常在星期日去钓鱼.2, i般动词相同，否走句用didn*t use to?也可用used not/usednJt toT但大多数 人喜欢用cHdnJt use to.e g. He didn't use 忆 drink. =He used not to drink 他以前下经常喝酒”'、乳疑问句也跟一般动词相同，常用Did . use . ?也可用Used, to ,r ?e g. Xd you use to be a teacher?=Used you to bEateacher?你UA前是老师吗？ 4有时替代前述的动词以曜免重

39、复.e.g. I don't smoke these days, but I used to,我现在不抽烟，限我以前抽 be/geVbec ome used to (doing；) sth.表示"习惯干，注意它used to do sth.的区别"e g. You will soon get used to our way of living.你将很快习惯于我们的生活方武 He is us ed to getting up early.他习惯早起.UNIT 3 Topic 2 语法精讲感叹句(1) 用来表达说话时的惊异、喜悦、气愤等情缙.感叹句一般有以下结构：1)

40、What+(afai)+解容词V词+主语+动词+耳他！2) How +形容词/副词+主语+动词+其他！e g What a good idea (it is)!真是个好主意！What an interesting story (it is)!这是个多有趣的故事啊！How hard he works!*他工作是多么努力啊！'How cold (it is) today!今天多冷的天啊!注意：Wha阖导的感叹句，如蛊词是可数名词单数,即用Whata/an+形容词卜!如果名词是复数或不可数名词前面不加也 即用WI直+形容词+名词十一!随堂小测()1. What a frie ndly per

41、son! We all like talki ng with him.A. is it B. is he C. it is D. he is()2.swimmi ng in this river!A. How great funB. What great funC. How a great funD. What a great fun()3.sad n ews it is! We must try our best to help them out of trouble.A. What a B. WhatC. How a D. How()4. Whatfine weather we have

42、these days!A. a B. the C. / D. an()5.lovely day! Let ' s go for a walk.A. What B. What a C. How D. How a()6.dan gerous it is to ride on a busy road!A. What B. What a C. HowD. How aUNIT 3 Topic 3 语法精讲过去进行时态过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内正在进行或发主的动作. 1，各种句式的构成；肯定旬！主语4was/were+ doing,当主高是第一人称单数和第三人称单数 时*助动词be用

43、was*当主唐是其他人称都用were-e g. IZHe/She was reading newspaper at that time 男E时我 /他 /她正在看扌艮 纸-They were wat ching TV from 8:00 to Q nqrhp day before 乎西 ter day 一前天从宫点, 到9点他们在看电视.7否走句；在助动词wasAvere后面直接加noUe. g. He was ncit playing football when I saw him.当我看到他的时候，他不是在踢足球.一般疑问句及回答；把助动词was/werel到句首变为一般疑问句，回 答肯走

44、形式是 Yes主高+ was/ were ； 否走形式是 No,主吾+ was/were+noUe. g Ws he singing? Yes, he was./Mo, he wasnL 他在口昌歌吗？是的，他在 唱。/不*他没有。2. 过去进行时的用法(1)表示过去杲一时剽正在进行的动作，常与时间状语1 at that time, at that moment, this time yesterday, at nine yesterday momingW表示过去 的时瓦I状语1GA 及由日筑when, whil亡引导的时间状语从句连用-e. g. I was teaching my litt

45、le brother at that time last night,昨天晚上那个时侯我在藪我的小弟弟.What were you doing when I caled you last night?昨天晚上我给你打电话时你在干件么7表示过去某一段时间内正在进行的功作，常与时间状唐th北days, that week, last night 等连用-e g They were planting trees those days,男E些天他f门在植捌口He was visiting Beijing that week,男E周他在：!匕京拳观X过去进行时和一殷过去时的区别：过去进行映虽调动作的进行

46、14和连续性、Y过去時虽调发生过的动 作或单纯叙述过去的事情，强调动作结果，说明肓过这件事口e g. I was doing my homework yesterday.昨天我在做作业“I did my homework yesterday 昨天我做了作业.（2）当叙述过去发生的事，尤其是过程中发生的一系列动作时，都用一 般过去时。eg. I began to do some reading at seven Then I went to bed at ten.我*?点钟开始看书.然后10点上床睡觉.随堂小测1. My brotherwhile hehis bicycle and hurt h

47、imself.A. fell, was riding B. fell, were ridingC. had falle n, rode D. had falle n, was ridi ng2. Tominto the house whe n no one.A. slipped, was look ing B. had slipped, lookedC. slipped, had lookedD. was slipp in g, looked3. The last time I _ Jane shecotton in the fields.A. had see n, was pick ingB

48、. saw, pickedC. had see n, pickedD. saw, was pick ing4.1 don ' t thi nk Jim saw me; heinto space.A. just staredB. was just stari ngC. has just stared D. had just stared5.1 first met Lisa three years ago. Sheat a radio shop at the time.A. has workedB. was work ingUNIT 4 Topic 1 语法精讲1 形容词、副词比校级的构成

49、(1) 规则变化； 骰在词尾加 er 或旳t e.g. fresh fresher freshest; long longer longest; fiew fewerfiewest 以字母亡结尾的形容词，加 t或 st, e. g strange一 stranger一 strangest; late一later 一 latest 以重读闭音节结尾的词，词尾只有一个辅音字母时，应双写这一辅音宇母，再加武 或 Est. eg. hothatter "hottest, bigbigger一biggest, wet-wetter1wettest 以辅音字母结尾的収音节词，先改y为w再加er或

50、wte.g. happyhappier happiest; healthy health er healthiest 制分双音节词和多音节词前面加nor或must构威比較级或最高级e g. beautitbl more beautiful most beautiful, dangerousmore danger口谚m口st dangeroiis; activemore activemost active(2) 不规则变化工 good/weU better best; Ettle/fewlessleast; many/'iruchmore 一 most; bad/ill wors e w

51、orst; far一 farther/further一 ferthes忖 furthest2.形容词、副词比校级和最高级的用法(1)比较级A<B或占比经常与than搭配，或给出比较的两个內容口可用much, a Ellie, many, even, a lot, 3等修饰来加强喬气，表示“得多/ 点"：常用于“比较级吧han"结构.亠eg. Sheis mar eb eauhM than her friend她的朋友漂亮得多 <>Li La runs a ittle faster than Tom.李雷比汤姆跑得快一点 三S或三者以上比规 用最高级，

52、63;给出比瞬围。其中副词最高级前的诚 可以省略 常用“叢高级+of(in)+范围耳其中Df用于同类之间的比规in用于异类之间 的比较，是比较范围。eg I think roses are the most beautiful of all the flowers 一我认为玫瑰花是 所有花中最漂亮的° He is the youngest in the cla強他是班上年龄最小的学生 Wter is the most important thing to living things of all 对于所肓生物来说，水是最重要的“ Which animal is the stronge

53、st, the tiger, the sheep or the bear"?老虎、绵丰、馬 咽肿动物戢强壮？随堂测试1. Which lesson is(difficult) in Book 2?2. Alice writes(carefully ) tha n I.3. This story is( in terest ing) tha n that one.4. That was one of( excit ing) mome nts in 2008.5. This kind of food must be( delicious )tha n that one.6. Beihai

54、 park is one of(beautiful ) parks in Beiji ng.7. Who s(careful), Tom,Jim or Kate?8. That is(easy) of all.9. He is(clever )boy in the class.10. Joh n is( short) tha n Tom.UNIT 4 Topic 2 语法精讲现在进行时与过去进行时的区别(1)现在进行时表示说话的此刻正在发生或正在做的事情，基本结构为2尿+现在分词Xe.g.肯走句：The robots are making a car now S些机器人正在生产小汽车口否定句e

55、 We are not studying on the Internet.我们没有在互联网上学习.股疑间句 Is the teacher looking呷the word in the ±ctionary?这个老师正在词典中查这 个词翊持殊疑问句；Who is he tallang怕?他在和谁谈话？过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间内，正在发生或正在做的事情.基車结 构为=was(were)+现在分词亡电一肯定句i When he came in, I was writing a letter当他进来时，我在写一封信 否定句：They weren't watching T

56、V while she was reading 她看书时 他fl 没在看电视 骰疑间句the UFO flying to us at 8:00 last night?昨晚8点不明飞行物正向我们飞来 吗？特殊疑问句：What were you drinking while we were sleeping?拢们睡觉时*你们正在喝件 么？进行时态往往用在时间状语从句中，when, wh"等逹词搭配.e g Jtimas iamingwhen we were leavin呂 schod. 我们离开学校的时候天正下雨.The students were reading while the t

57、eacher was grading their homework 学生们在看书，而老师正在批改他们的作业.be su作结构表示肯定和不肯定be fure般用来表示肯定，be not sure (whether/if)示不确定口be sure后更可以跟不定式和宾吾从句.跟不定式一般译步一定”，跟宾语从句. 译为虫确信Se. g. We are sure to repair the TV well.我们定修好这台电视机.I"m sure you can complete your work.我确信你能完戚你的工作.Are you surewhether(if) he switched the computer 口口?(左他打开还是没和打开电胭？ be sure of/about后接名词,表示共确信，对*有把握e g He is sure o fhis success他确信能咸功.UNIT 4 Topic 3 语法精讲反意疑问句由陳述句（或祈使句、感叹句）加一个简短问句构矗的疑间句叫反意疑问 句。实质是前面除述句的反问句