可数名词与不可数_HF02

1、可数名词与不可数名词可数名词与不可数名词1.可数名词可数名词an elephanta lampa housea dress能独立存在的个体人、事物和以集体形式出现能独立存在的个体人、事物和以集体形式出现的人、事物。的人、事物。个体名词个体名词集体名词集体名词class family fruits2.可数名词的用法可数名词的用法当人或事物只有一个的时候，成为单数。习惯上，当人或事物只有一个的时候，成为单数。习惯上，我们用我们用a ,an 或或 one 来表示这种单个的数量。来表示这种单个的数量。a peach a strawberrya watermelon a cherryan ice-cre

2、am an eggan applean orange4.可数名词的构成和用法可数名词的构成和用法1)一般在名词的后面加上一般在名词的后面加上-s,在清辅音后发在清辅音后发-s,在浊在浊辅音和元音后发辅音和元音后发-z.如：如：a biscuit five biscuits -s a watermelon three watermelons-za peareleven pears-z2) 以以-ch,-sh,-s,-x结尾的单数名词后加结尾的单数名词后加-es,读作读作-iz.如：如：a busthree buses -iz a peachtwo peaches -iz3) 以辅音字母加以辅音字

3、母加y结尾的单数名词，把结尾的单数名词，把y改成改成i, 再再加加-es, 读作读作-iz.如：如：a citytwo cities-iz4)以以-o 结尾的，有的加结尾的，有的加-s,有的加有的加-es,读作读作-z.如：如：a tomatotwo tomatoes -z a radiotwo radios -z5)以以-f或或-fe结尾的，有的直接加结尾的，有的直接加-s,有的改有的改-f或或-fe为为-v,再加再加-es,读作读作-vz.如如：a leaftwo leaves -vza knife four knives -vz6)少数名词的复数形式是不规则变化少数名词的复数形式是不规则

4、变化a mantwo mena childtwo childrena sheeptwo sheepfour people 3.不可数名词不可数名词1) 物质类不可数名词：物质类不可数名词：A.液体类不可数名词：液体类不可数名词：tea, ink, juice, coffeeB.食品类不可数名词：食品类不可数名词：fish, chicken, chocolate, honey 2) 抽象名词：抽象名词：work, wealth, homeworka glass of orange juicea cup of teaa glass of milka bowl of soupsome fishsom

5、e beef some breada bowl of rice1.不可数名词没有复数形式不可数名词没有复数形式rice(不能说不能说rices) bread(不能说不能说breads) 2.不可数名词前面一般不直接加不可数名词前面一般不直接加a或或an，但可用不同的量词来搭配但可用不同的量词来搭配a box of milk(不能说不能说a milk)a bottle of water(不能说不能说a water)3.some,any可以与不可数名词连用可以与不可数名词连用 some teasome bread 4.不可数名词只作单数看待不可数名词只作单数看待1)Some soup is in

6、the bowl.2)A: Whats on the plate? B: Theres some chicken.这些不可数名词你都记住了吗？这些不可数名词你都记住了吗？rice 米饭米饭 bread 面包面包 meat 肉肉chicken 鸡肉鸡肉 porridge 粥粥 coffee 咖啡咖啡 tea 茶茶duck 鸭肉鸭肉 beef 牛肉牛肉 pork 猪肉猪肉 water 水水 milk 牛奶牛奶fish 鱼肉鱼肉 4.名词的单复数与主谓一致名词的单复数与主谓一致普通名词分为可数名词和普通名词分为可数名词和不可数名词，而可数名词不可数名词，而可数名词和又有单复数之分。名词和又有单复数之

7、分。名词的数与主语有什么关系呢？的数与主语有什么关系呢？A: Whats this?B: Its an egg.A: What are those in the basket?B: They are grapes.A: Guess whats in the glass?B: There is some coke. Oh,我明白了，我明白了，谓语是随名词数谓语是随名词数的变化而变化，的变化而变化，名词的数与谓语名词的数与谓语保持一致，即主保持一致，即主谓一致。谓一致。1)当名词是单数时，谓语用单数形式。当名词是单数时，谓语用单数形式。There is a cake on the plate.2)

8、当名词是复数时，谓语用复数形式。当名词是复数时，谓语用复数形式。There are two biscuits on the plate.3)不可数名词当作单数对待。不可数名词当作单数对待。There is some beef on the plate. ( )1.Are those _?-No, they arent. Theyre _.A. sheep ; cows B. sheep ; cowC. sheeps ; cow D. sheeps ; cows( )2.Mum, Im quite thirsty. Please give me _.A. two orange B. two bo

9、ttles of orangeC. two bottles orange D. two bottles of oranges( )3.I have got _ news from my friend. Do you want to know?A. a very good B. anyC. a piece of D. two pieces( )4._ room is on the 5th floor.A. Lucy and Lily B. Lucy and LilysC. Lucys and Lily D. Lucys and Lilys( )5.Every morning Mr. Smith

10、takes a _ to his office.A. 20 minutes walk B. 20 minutes walkC. 20-minutes walk D. 20-minute walk ( )6.This is James Allan Green. We can call him _.A. Mr. Green B. Mr. AllanC. Mr. James D. James Green( )7.Jack and Tom are _.A. good friends B. good friendC. a good friend D. good a friend( )8.Its only

11、 about ten _ walk to the nearest post office.A. minutes B. minutes C. minutes D. minute( )9.He often has _ for breakfast.A. two breads B. two piece of breadsC. two pieces of bread D. two pieces of breads( )10.Mrs. Green has two _. Theyre very bright.A. childs B. child C. childrens D. children ( )11.

12、What did the headmaster say about Jims _.A. two months holiday B. two months holidayC. two-month holiday D. two months holidays( )12.I wont go there with you, for I have a lot of _ to do.A. works B. job C. work D. working( )13.Li Lei is a friend of _.A. I sister B. my sistersC. me sister D. my siste

13、r of( )14.Have you read _?A. todays B. today paperC. the todays paper D. todays paper( )15.How many _ are there in the room?A. boxes B. box C. boxs D. boxxes ( )16.Many _ have been built in our city since 1987.A. factorys B. factoriesC. factoryes D. factorys( )17.There are lots of _ in the basket on the table .A. tomatos B. tomato C. tomatoes D. tomatoss( )18.The cat caught two _ last night.A. mouses B. mice C. mouse D. mices( )19.Jack went to have two _ pulled out yesterday afternoon.A. tooths B. to