江苏启东中学12-13高一上期末复习测试11-英语讲解

1、【考点透视】 I 重点短语take over接管、占据take off 脱掉（衣帽等）、切除（物）、动身、（飞机等）起飞、请（几天）假take off从（价格）中减去take on 雇用（某人）、承担（工作）、呈现、流行take out 取出1. take to喜欢上（某人）、开始（）、养成的恶习take up拿起、占有、开始、继续、（车辆等）搭载（乘客）take in吸收、包括、了解、理解、欺骗、收留（某人）住宿take back取回（某物）、收回（承诺等）、归还take after（长得）像（父母等）take for把当作、误认为求助于翻到（书的某页）2. turn to变成开始工作把注意

2、力导向 U毁灭 the of civilizationC常用pl. 废墟、遗址 the s of ancient Rome3. ruin in ruins 成为废墟的、荒芜的 bring to ruin 使毁灭 fall in/into ruin = go to ruin 灭亡；荒芜vt. Heavy smoking ruined his health. ruin oneselfruin/ destroy/ damage 都含有“破坏、毁灭”的意思，但有区别：destroy指彻底毁坏不能或很难修复。damage指价值、用途降低或外表损坏等，不一定全部破坏，损坏了还可以修复。ruin现在多用于借

3、喻中，泛指一般的“弄坏了”。remains pl. 剩余、残留物； pl. 遗体、尸首 link v. 保持，仍然处于(某种状态) = still to be = continue to be = stay 4. remain 后接形容词、名词.、分词、不定式或介词短语等 vi 剩下 ，还有 stay remaining adj.剩下的 the remaining time = the time left(注意remaining和left的位置变化) 比较：remain / stay 作连系动词，意为“继续保持某一状态”（continue to be）时，常可互换。表示“剩余”、“残存”时，通

4、常只用remain，而不用stay。remain暗指呆在原地或保持原来的形状或状态。只能用作不及物动词，故无被动式，不能带宾语。主语可以是人，也可以是物。stay指在某地作短暂停留，或逗留在一定的场所。主语通常是人。be involved in 热衷于、专心于、参与、卷入、牵涉到5.involve oneself with 和混在一起、和有牵连involve sth. 包含、需要 winning the game involves both skill and fortune. = take away移开 = take off脱掉6. remove from =get rid of除掉、清除

5、=dismiss from 撤职 =move 搬家“环境、情况、条件”，常用pl.U“状态、状况”，但可与a连用 in good condition ; in a terrible condition7. condition“环境、情况”，其前的介词用under / in on condition that “在条件下” in a condition to do sth. 宜于做某事 on no condition 在任何条件下都不 n. / pron. 8. require + sb. to do sth. doing/ to be done 从句 用虚拟语气 (should) + 动词原形

6、 in return (for) 作为（对的）回报 / 报答by return （接信后）立即作复Many happy returns (of the day)! 祝你长寿！祝你长命百岁！9.in turn 依次地by turns 轮流地Its onecarry out实施、执行、进行10.carry on进行、继续。有时可跟动名词carry on with 继续做（某事）carry off夺走（奖赏）、带走adj. 主要的、重要的、较大的11. major n. 主修科目、主修学生vi. 主修 （in +科目）in memory of 12. = to the memory of为纪念 （只

7、用于对已故人的怀念）in honor of = in ones honor 为纪念 （既可用于对已故人的纪念，也可用于对活人的敬意）goods 货物、商品、财产。（复数形式，无单数形式，不可与数词连用，但可与many，these，those等连用。作主语时，谓语动词用复数形式。）13. possession （pl.）财产；所有物； U 持有；具有wealth U 财富 II 重点句型1. Unfortunately, all the people were buried alive, so was the city.2. A saying goes that Rome wasnt built

8、 in a day. (= As the saying goes,)3. I am very honored and grateful that you have come today.4. Not only was Rome a city and a republic, but it was also to become the capital of one the largest empires in history.5. There is another similarity between China and Rome.【题例精析】【例1】A large number of stude

9、nts in our school _from the countryside; the number _ growing these years. （2007上海育才2月交流卷）A. is; has beenB. are; has beenC. is; have beenD. are; have been【易错点悟】解答该题的关键是要注意a number of 和the number of 后接名词复数作主语时的主谓一致关系。【要点精析】a number of意思为“许多”，后接复数名词作主语时，应视为复数，谓语动词要用复数形式； the number of后接复数名词，意思为“的数量”，表

10、示单数意义，谓语动词要用单数形式。【答案】B【例2】ONeal works hard.So he does. He is often seen _ heavily before his teammates have even arrived at practice. （2007浙江余杭中学2月卷）A. to be sweatedB. sweatedC. be sweatedD. sweating【易错点悟】解答该题关键是要正确处理好“感觉动词、使役动词”主动形式与被动形式复合结构中动词的选用。【答案解析】根据句子结构可知，感觉动词see用于被动结构，选项A、C不可以用于这一结构中；选项B为被动

11、意义，不成立；只有选项D(sweating)现在分词与be seen构成复合结构，强调状态。【答案】D【单元检测】单项填空1. Mr. Wang has been selected _ chairman of the conference.A. aB. anC. theD. /2. Housework _ cooking, washing dishes, sweeping and cleaning.A. involvingB. involving inC. involvesD. involves in3. The emergency _ that the police should be ca

12、lled at once.A. insistsB. suggestsC. requiresD. advises4. Are you very anxious? Yes. Ten minutes _ like an hour when you are waiting for a phone call.A. seem B. seemsC. do D. does5. What do you think of Peter? He is a helpful person. He is always helping people without expecting anything _.A. in tur

13、nB. in returnC. on his returnD. on the turn6. The refugees (难民)have been fed, clothed and _ by welfare organizations around the world.A. storedB. collectedC. housedD. provided7. Why didnt you join them? You are _. I had to receive an unexpected visitor.A. wanted toB. wanted to haveC. supposed toD. s

14、upposed to have8. John is the only son of the couple, so it is certain that he will _ the big business when his father gets old.A. hand overB. take overC. go overD. turn over9. With more forests _, huge quantities of good earth are being washed away.A. being destroyedB. destroyedC. to be destroyedD.

15、 destroying10. Nothing _ after the terrible fire which had been cause by someone smoking in bed.A. remainedB. leftC. continuedD. kept11. The meeting being over, I found her _ at the desk and _ to music.A. seating; listenedB. seated; listenedC. seating; listeningD. seated; listening12. _ as one, the

16、people of that country eventually drove the invaders out of their country.A. LinkedB. CombinedC. JoinedD. United13. A monument was set up at the centre of Tiananmen Square _ those who devoted their lives to our country.A. in praise ofB. in place ofC. in memory ofD. in need of14. Some young people ar

17、e holding a birthday party next door, and the noise nearly _ me crazy.A. letB. getC. makeD. drive15.You didnt get hurt at all in the traffic accident? _. I was a lucky dog. A. No problem B. I dont think soC. Im afraid not D. Good heavens no完形填空One fine evening a man walked into a fast - food chicken

18、 place and bought a nine - piece bucket of chicken. He 16 his chicken to the park for a romantic picnic under the moonlight with his 17 .Upon reaching into the 18 , however, he received a 19 . Instead of chicken he discovered nine thousand dollars! The young man 20 the bucket back to the store and a

19、sked for his 21 exchange for the money. The manager, 22 by the young mans honesty, asked for his name and told him he wanted to call the 23 and the local news station to do a morality (道德说教) that would 24 others. “My dates waiting, I just want my chicken,” the hungry man refused.The manager was deep

20、ly struck by the young mans humility (谦虚). He 25 to be allowed to tell the story on the news. At this the honest man became 26 with the manager and demanded his chicken. “You are an honest man in a (an) 27 world! This is a perfect opportunity to show the world that there are honest people 28 willing

21、 to take a stand for what is right. Please, give me your 29 and also the womans name. Is that your wife?”“Thats the 30 ,”said the young man. “My wife is at home. The woman in the car is my girlfriend. Now let me have my chicken 31 I can get out of here.” Its 32 to look good to people who dont 33 you

22、. Many of us do a good deed here and there, and everyone 34 were something that we are not. But God sees your heart. It really doesnt matter how much you 35 or what other people think of you. What matters is whats on the inside.16. A. took B. ate C. carried D. sent17. A. sister B. wife C. friend D.

23、lady18. A. park B. car C. pocket D. bucket19. A. love B. welcome C. surprise D. pleasure20. A. returned B. brought C. got D. lifted21. A. money B. right C. change D. chicken22. A. moved B. encouraged C. surprised D. delighted23. A. newspaper B. people C. government D. public24. A. please B. desire C

24、. inspire D. interest25. A. asked B. begged C. needed D. required26. A. glad B. calm C. angry D. silent 27. A. dishonest B. honest C. lovely D. peaceful28. A. never B. even C. yet D. still29. A. address B. name C. chicken D. opinion30. A. problem B. difficulty C. astonishment D. excitement 31 .A. bu

25、t B. so C. for D. as32. A. difficult B. good C. easy D. pleasant33. A. know B. love C. realize D. understand34. A. finds B. says C. thinks D. insists35. A. get B. do C. pay D. receive阅读理解 (A)If youre the type of traveler who just wants a suitable place to hang your hat and you dont want to spend a f

26、ortune to do it, here are several ways to save on your next hotel room: *Be Flexible Hotel rates are based on supply and demand, so be aware of peak periods. If your destinations high season is from December through April and youre trying to book near the end of April, you might find considerable sa

27、vings if you change your travel dates by a week or two. *Check Hotel Web Sites The large travel-booking Web sites often sell rooms from the middlemen who have bought up empty hotel moms. But the major hotel chains also offer last-minute discounts, and because theyre not paying the middleman, they so

28、metimes have better deals than the travel sites. *Dont be Afraid to Bargain Most people are so intimidated (畏缩的) by know-it-all hotel desk clerks that they dont bargain for a better deal. But bargaining for a better deal is often worth the trouble, because most hotel general managers would prefer ha

29、ving a customer paying a lower-than-usual rate to no customer at all. And if you find something unfair on your hotel bill, dont be afraid to complain. To keep your goodwill, hotels will often reduce or cancel such charges. *Avoid Hidden Costs Expensive little extras hotels never mention can increase

30、 the cost of your stay. Dont let this happen. Find out about resort fees, fees for parking and Internet use before you agree to stay. And dont touch the hotels phone unless you absolutely have to the rates can be more than $2 a minute even inside the United States.36. According to the passage, which

31、 of the following will save you some money?A. Change your visiting places in high season. B. Book rooms through Web sites.C. Use the hotels phone. D. Bargain with desk clerks for your room,37. That travelers can bargain for better deal is often based on the fact that _. A. managers often prefer a lo

32、wer-paid customer to no customer B. there are many places which should not be charged C. customers are often afraid to complain the price D. the desk clerks and managers often cheat the travelers38. The passage was mainly written to _.A. advertise hotelsB. complain high costsC. serve the travelers D

33、. introduce hotel services (B) Children who spend more time reading with their parents have a greater chance of becoming better readers than those who dont. With help from their parents, children can learn techniques to improve their reading skills. “A lot of parents think after their child learns t

34、o read, they should stop reading to them,” Donna George said. “They are sadly mistaken.” George offers her services to parents at the Title I Learning Centers. She said reading aloud to children may be the most valuable thing parents can do. “It is better for children to hear things at a higher leve

35、l than where they are,” George said. “Parents are their childs first teacher.” Parents help their children build listening, phonics, comprehension and vocabulary skills when they read aloud to them. Before parents can identify reading problems, they should escape the enemy-television and limit the t

36、ime their children spend watching television. George suggested not allowing kids to have a TV in their bedrooms, setting a schedule of when kids can watch or keeping a list of how many programs children watch. Louise Joines said while her 14-year-old daughter and 10-year-old son enjoy reading, the t

37、elevision sometimes becomes a distraction. So she tries to build the situation by suggesting books the entire family will enjoy reading together, like the Harry Potter series. Parents who do not read themselves should not count on their children being enthusiastic about it. If parents would read to

38、their children at least 15 minutes every day, children would not have so many problems in school. It is the patents job to help build that desire in their children, and of course to know what kind of books to read is also important.39. According to George, reading aloud to children _.A. help them co

39、rrect mistakesB. is helpful to their readingC. is parents first duty to their childrenD. can get children out of televisions attraction40. The underlined word (in Paragraph 4 ) means something that _.A. can improve childrens readingB. can help childrens right way of readingC. can make children inter

40、ested in readingD. can make children not attentive41. What does the fourth paragraph mainly want to show is important?A. reading skills B. reading speedC. feeding materials D. reading environment42. If the passage is not completed, which of the following can follow the fifth paragraph? A. Parents ch

41、oose reading materials for their children.B. Advice is given to control their children.C. What TV programs children can watch during reading.D. How children improve their reading by themselves.43. Which one would be the best title for the passage?A. Children Spend More Time Reading with Parents. B.

42、Parents Are Their Childs First Teacher. C. How Parents Make Their Child a Better Render.D. How to Improve Childrens Reading Ability.对话填空A= a passer-by B = a nativeA: (44) E_ me, could you tell me which bus I can take to the Wang Fu Jing Department Store?B: Just take the No. 1 bus going in that (45)

43、d_ (pointing) and get off at the Wang Fu Jing Stop. Walk a few (46) s_ to the corner and turn left. Keep on (47) g_ until you come to a tall cream-colored building. Thats the Wang Fu Jing Department Store. There are usually a lot of cars (48) p_ in front of it.A: Thank you. And where is the No. 1 bu

44、s stop?B: (pointing) Its over there.A: How many (49) s_ are there from here to Wang Fu Jing?B: Only one.A: In that case, Id rather walk.B: Its about a twenty-five (50) m_ walk. I think you must know the Beijing Hotel when you see it.A: Yes, I do. Its on the (51) l_ side of the street.B: Thats right.

45、 You walk (52) p_ the Hotel and turn left at the (53) c_. Keep on walking and youll get to the Department Store.A: Thank you.B: Youre welcome.(44)_(45) _(46) _(47) _(48) _(49) _(50) _(51) _(52) _(53) _书面表达最近，你班就“考试”这一话题举行了一次讨论会。请根据以下信息，用英语写一篇短文，叙述大家对考试的看法。考试非常重要可以通过考试了解自己的学习效果，把成绩作为努力的动力。考试并不能说明什么1.

46、 有人得高分就兴高采烈,考试不及格就情绪低落。2. 有的为了取得好成绩,甚至不参加任何课外活动。3. 如果没有考试，大家就不必为此担心，还可以选 择自己喜欢的科目，多参加课外活动，在社会实践中学习更多的东西。你对考试的看法1.考试是必要的,但应该进行适当的改革。    1. 短文必须包括所有要点。    2. 词数：120左右。    3. 参考词汇：改革reform ； 课外活动 extra-curricular activities4. 文章的第一句已为你写好，不计入总词数：Some stu

47、dents think that it is very important to have an exam._【答案解析】【单项填空】1D。表示头衔职务地名词作宾语、补语及同位语时（有时放在as之后），一般不用冠词。2C。involve在这里意为“包括、包含”。3C。require意为“要求”，引导宾语从句时用虚拟语气。4B。表示时间、距离、金额数量等的名词作为一个整体作主语时，谓语动词常用单数形式。5B。B。in turn意为“依次”。in return意为“作为回报”。on his return意为“他一回来”。D无此用法。6C。house在此句中为动词，意为“给（某人）提供住所”。根据题

48、意，其他选项均不符合。7D。此题考查be supposed to的用法。因为此事是已过去的事情，故用不定式的完成式。应选D。8B。hand over意为“移交、交出”。take over意为“接管”。go over意为“复习、仔细检查”。turn over意为“移交给、翻身”。9A。根据后面暗示动作正在进行，more forests 与destroy之间构成逻辑上的被动关系且动作正在进行。故选A项。10A。remain意为“剩下、留下”，是不及物动词。leave是及物动词，若用被动形式也对。11D。seat是动词，意为“使坐下”，常用被动形式，或后接反身代词构成seat oneself。12D

49、。link指将人或物连接或联系起来。combine意为“结合、联合”，指为了一目的而把两个以上的事物联系起来。unite意为“联合、团结一致”。13C。in praise of“赞美、赞扬”。in place of“代替”。in memory of“纪念”。in need of“需要”。14D。drive sb. crazy意为“使某人发疯”，是习惯搭配。15 D。Good heavens意为“天哪”。常用于表示“惊讶，谴责或宽慰”，no相当于I dont get hurt。“No problem”。意为“没关系，没问题”，用于安慰对方。I dont think so 意为“我不这么认为”。当

50、我们不同意对方观点或看法时，则使用本句。另一常听到的语句 Im afraid not。也具有相近的表达意味，但语气比I dont think so。更为委婉。【完形填空】16A。“把带到去” 用take sth. to 来表示。carry无方向性；send意为“寄去”，都不符合题意17D。从第二段可知，不是他妻子；从romantic picnic可知，只能是他的lady18D。“当把手伸进bucket的时候”19C。因为买的chicken成了dollars，所以应是“吃惊”(surprise)20B。年轻人把bucket带回(brought)了商店21D。22A。被年轻人的诚实所感动。（moved）23A。经理想通过报纸(newspaper)，电台来进行道德教育，从而，鼓励(inspire)他人要诚实24C。25B。经理恳请(begged)，宣传此事26C。经理的好意，这年轻人并不领情，他只是急于要chicken，然后去见他的lady。这时他很生气(angry)。27A。“在当今这个不诚实的(dishonest)世界上，这是一个很好的机会向世人展示，仍然(still)有人主张要诚实。28D。still 表示仍然，进一步说明前面的honest people29B。name 和后面的name 一致30A。年轻人去约会的是他的(girlfri