公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解

1、公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档公共英语三级阅读题和答案StudentsofUnitedStateshistory,seekingtoidentifythecircumstancesthatencouragedtheemergenceoffeministmovements,havethoroughlyinvestigatedthemid-nineteenth-centuryAmericaneconomicandsocialconditionthataffectedthestatusofwomen.Thesehistorians,however,haveanalyzedlessfullyth

2、edevelopmentofspecificallyfeministideasandactivitiesduringthesameperiod.Furthermore,theideologicaloriginsoffeminismintheUnitedStatehavebeenobscuredbecause,evenwhenhistoriansdidtakeintoaccountthosefeministideasandactivitiesoccurringwithintheUnitedStates,theyfailedtorecognizethatfeminismwasthenatrulyi

3、nternationalmovementactuallycenteredinEurope.Americanfeministactivistswhohavebeendescribedasasolitary"andaindividualtheorists"wereinrealityconnectedtoamovement-utopiansocialism-whichwasalreadypopularizingfeministideasinEuropeduringthetwodecadesthatculminatedinthefirstwomen'srightsconfe

4、renceheldatSenecaFalls,NewYork,in1848.Thus,acompleteunderstandingoftheoriginsanddevelopmentofnineteenth-centuryfeminismintheUnitedStatesrequiresthatthegeographicalfocusbewidenedtoincludeEuropeandthatthedetailedstudyalreadymadeofsocialconditionsbeexpandedtoincludetheideologicaldevelopmentoffeminism.T

5、heearliestandmostpopularoftheutopiansocialistsweretheSaint-Simonians.ThespecificallyfeministpartofSaint-Simonianismhas,however,beenlessstudiedthanthegroupscontributiontoearlysocialism.Thisisregrettableontwocounts.By1832feminismwasthecentralconcernofSaint-Simonianismandentirelyabsorbeditsadherentsene

6、rgy;hence,byignoringitsfeminism,EuropeanhistorianshavemisunderstoodSaint-Simonianism.Moreover,sincemanyfeministideascanbetracedtosaint-simonianismEuropeanhistoriansappreciationoflaterfeminisminFranceandtheUnitedStatesremainedlimited.Saint-Simon'sfollowers,manyofwhomwerewomen,basedtheirfeminismon

7、aninterpretationofhisprojecttoreorganizetheglobebyreplacingbruteforcewiththeruleofspiritualpowers.Thenewworldorderwouldberuledtogetherbyamale,torepresentreflection,andafemale,torepresentsentiment.Thiscomplementarityreflectsthefactthat,whiletheSaint-Simoniansdidnotrejectthebeliefthattherewereinnatedi

8、fferencesbetweenmenandwomen,theyneverthelessforesawanequallyimportantsocialandpoliticalroleforbothsexesintheirutopia.ofbothsexeswerebornOnlyafewSaint-Simoniansopposedadefinitionofsexualequalitybasedongenderdistinction.Thisminoritybelievethatindividuals文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档similarincapacityandcharac

9、ter,andtheyascribedmale-femaledifferencestosocializationandeducation.Theenvisionedresultofbothcurrentsofthought,however,wasthatwomenwouldenterpubliclifeinthenewageandthatsexualequalitywouldrewardmenaswellaswomenwithanimprovedwayoflife.1. Itcanbeinferredthattheauthorconsiderthosehistorianswhodescribe

10、earlyfeministsintheUnitedStatesassolitary"tobeA insufficientlyfamiliarwiththeinternationaloriginsofnineteenth-centuryAmericanfeministthought.B overlyconcernedwiththeregionaldiversityoffeministideasintheperiodbefore1848.C notfocusednarrowlyenoughintheirgeographicalscope.D insufficientlyawareofth

11、eideologicalconsequencesoftheSenecaFallsconference.2. TheauthorsattitudetowardEuropeanhistorianswhohavestudiedtheSaint-SimoniansisprimarilyoneofA approvalofthespecificfocusoftheirresearch.B disapprovaloftheirlackofattentiontotheissuethatabsorbedmostoftheSaint-Simonians'energyafter1832.C approval

12、oftheirgeneralfocusonsocialconditions.D disapprovaloftheirlackofattentiontolinksbetweentheSaint-SimoniansandtheirAmericancounterparts.3. TheauthormentionsallofthefollowingascharacteristicoftheSaint-SimoniansEXCEPTA Thegroupincludedmanywomenamongitsmembers.B Thegroupbelievedinaworldthatwouldbecharact

13、erizedbysexualequality.C ThegroupwasamongtheearliestEuropeansocialistgroups.envisionedautopianD Mostmembersbelievedthatwomenandmenwereinherentlysimilarinabilityandcharacter.4. ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthattheSaint-Simonianssocietyhavingwhichofthefollowingcharacteristics?A Itwouldbeworldwide.B Itwou

14、ldemphasizedogmaticreligiousprinciples.C ItwouldmostinfluencetheUnitedStates.D Itwouldhavearmiescomposedofwomenratherthanofmen.5. Accordingtothetext,whichofthefollowingwouldbethemostaccurate文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档descriptionofthesocietyenvisionedbymostSaint-Simonians?A Asocietyinwhichwomenwerehighlyr

15、egardedfortheirextensiveeducation.B Asocietyinwhichthetwogendersplayedcomplementaryrolesandhadequalstatus.C Asocietyinwhichwomendidnotenterpubliclife.D Asocialorderinwhichabodyofmenandwomenwouldruletogetheronthebasisoftheirspiritualpower.1 .【答案】A【考点剖析】此题是一道标点符号题。经过此题题干中的“solitary一词可将此题的答案信息中心确定在第一段第

16、十行即第一段第四句话，经过仔细阅读和理解本句话以及本句前后的两句话，可以得出此题的正确选项Ao其实美国的女权主义运动者其实不“孤单（solitary）,因为她们的思想和行动是和欧洲大陆的女权主义者有着千丝万缕的联系，是国际女权运动的一局部。考生在解题时要善于理解标点符号，更要善于对原文的细节进行推导。2 .【答案】B【考点剖析】此题是一道细节推导题。依照此题题干中的“Europeanhistorians"可将此题的答案信息本源迅速确定在第二段第四句，经过阅读本句分号前后的内容，可以推导出作者的态度可否认的，其否认原因是第二段第四句分号前半局部所表达的内容。此题的正确答案应该是B。考生

17、在解题时必然要注意原文细节的推导，特别是分句之间存在因果关系的时候。3 .【答案】D【考点剖析】这是一道归纳推导题。但是此题的题干确没有明确给出此题在原文中的准确信息本源。这时考生就会迷失答题思路。请同学们必然要记住：每当自己迷失答题思路时，必然要多想一想全文的中心主旨句和每段的主题句，这会帮助考生搜寻到解题的思路。此题的正确答案应该是D,因为选项D所表达的内容和本文尾段第一、二句所表达的内容相反。选项A、B、C的内容分别在第三段第一句、第三段第二句以及第二段首句涉及。考生在解题时必然要牢记段落主题句。4 .【答案】A【考点剖析】这是一道审题定位题。今后题题干中的“envisioned（设想，

18、料想）一词可将此题的答案信息本源迅速确定在倒数第二段第一句和第二句，因为倒数第二段第一句含有“project（方案，规划）一词，倒数第二段第二句含有表示未来的“would"一词。经过仔细阅读倒数第二段的第一、二句话，发现这两句话都包含“globe或“world，可见本题的正确选项应该是Ao考生在解题时必然要善于利用题干中的词语迅速而正确地进行审题定位。5 .【答案】B文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档【考点剖析】这是一道反推题。经过此题题干中的“mostSaint-Simonians"可将此题的答案信息本源迅速确定在尾段的第一句。依照尾段第一句进行反推即逆向思想，

19、可得出本题的正确答案是Bo考生在解题时必然要时时牢记反推题型，而且经常利用自己的逆向思想能力Certainanimalshaveanintuitiveawarenessofquantities.Theyknowwithoutanalysisthedifferencebetweenanumberofobjectsandsasmallernumber.InhisbookTheNaturalHistoryofSelbourne(1786),thenaturalistGilbertWhitetellshowhesurreptitiouslyremovedoneeggadaytomakeupplover

20、'snest,andhowthemotherlaidanothereggeachdaytomakeupforthemissingone.Henotedthatotherspeciesofbirdsignoretheabsenceofasingleeggbutabandontheirnestifmorethanoneegghasbeenremoved.Ithasalsobeennotedbynaturalistthatacertaintypeofwaspalwaysprovidesfive-neverfour,neversix-caterpillarsforeachoftheireggs

21、sothattheiryounghavesomethingtoeatwhentheeggshatch.Researchhasalsoshownthatbothmiceandpigeonscanbetaughttodistinguishbetweenoddandevennumbersoffoodpieces.Theseandsimilaraccountshaveledsomepeopletoinferthatcreaturesotherthanhumancanactuallycount.Theyalsopointtodogsthathavebeentaughttorespondtonumeric

22、alquestionswiththecorrectnumberofbarks,ortohorsesthatseemtosolvearithmeticproblembystompingtheirhoovesnumberoftimes.Animalsrespondtoquantitiesonlywhentheyareconnectedtosurviveasaspecies-asinthecaseoftheeggs-orsurviveasindividuals-asinthecaseoffood.Thereisontransfertoothersituationsorfromconcretereal

23、itytotheabstractnotionofnumbers.Animalscan“count"onlywhentheobjectsarepresentandonlywhenthenumbersinvolvedaresmall-nomorethansevenoreight.Inlabexperiments,animalstrainedtocountonekindofobjectwereunabletocountanyothertype.Theobjects,notthenumbers,arewhatinterestthem.Animal'sadmittedlyremarka

24、bleachievementssimplydonotamounttoevidenceofcounting,nordotheyrevealmorethaninnateinstinct,refinedbythegenesofsuccessivegenerations,ortheresultsofclever,carefulconditioningbytrainers.1.Whatisthemainideaofthepassage?A. CarefultrainingisrequiredtoteachanimalstoperformtricksinvolvingnumbersB. Animascan

25、notcountmorethanonekindofobjectC. ofallanimals,dogsandhorsescancountbest文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档D. Althoughsomeanimalsmaybeawareofquantities,theycannotactuallycount2.TheauthorreferstoGilbert'sbookinparagraph1inorderto.A. showhowattitudeshavechangedsince1786B. Contradicttheideathatanimalscancount.C

26、. provideevidencethatsomebirdsareawareofquantities.D. Indicatethatmoreresearchisneededinthisfield.3.Thewordasurreptitiously"inline4isclosestinmeaningto.A. quicklyB. secretlyC. occasionallyD. stubbornly4.TheauthormentionsthatallofthefollowingareawareofquantitiesinsomewayEXCEpT.A. ploversB. miceC

27、. caterpillarsD. wasps5.Accordingtotheinformationinthepassage,whichofthefollowingisLEASTlikelytooccurasaresultofanimal'sintuitiveawarenessofquantities?A. Apigeonismoreattractedbyaboxcontainingtwopiecesoffoodthanbyaboxcontainingonepiece.B. Whenaskedbyitstrainerhowolditis,amonkeyholdsupfivefingers

28、.C. Whenoneofitsfourkittenscrawlsaway,amothercatmissesitandsearchesforthemissingkitten.D. Alionfollowsoneantelopeinsteadofaherdofantelopesbecauseitiseasiertohuntasingleprey.剖析：文章中介绍了某些动物很惊人的数字能力。但是无论怎样，他们对数字的感觉也可是一种本能。文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档作者举这个例子是为了证明他所提出的某些动物可以认知某些东西的数量。依照上下文以及我们的知识，观察动物的习惯是需要很长时间

29、，而且应该是隐蔽的Ithasalsobeennotedbynaturalistthatacertaintypeofwaspalwaysprovidesfive-neverfour,neversix-caterpillarsforeachoftheireggsWhenaskedbyitstrainerhowolditis,amonkeyholdsupfivefingers.无论猴子的反响是什么样子，都可是一种屡次训练此后的一种本能的反响。而不是真切的说出他的年龄.Themajorityofsuccessfulseniormanagersdonotcloselyfollowtheclassical

30、rationalmodeloffirstclarifyinggoals,assessingtheproblem,formulatingoptions,estimatinglikelihoodsofsuccess,makingadecision,andonlythentakingactiontoimplementthedecision.Rather,intheirday-by-daytacticalmaneuvers,theseseniorexecutivesrelyonwhatisvaguelytermedaintuition"tomanageanetworkofinterrelat

31、edproblemsthatrequirethemtodealwithambiguity,inconsistency,novelty,andsurprise;andtointegrateactionintotheprocessofthinking.Generationsofwritersonmanagementhaverecognizedthatsomepracticingmanagersrelyheavilyonintuition.Ingeneral,however,suchwritersdisplayapoorgraspofwhatintuitionis.Someseeitastheopp

32、ositeofrationality;othersviewitasanexcuseforcapriciousness.Isenberg'srecentresearchonthecognitiveprocessesofseniormanagersrevealsthatmanagersintuitionisneitherofthese.Rather,seniormanagersuseintuitioninatleastfivedistinctways.First,theyintuitivelysensewhenaproblemexists.Second,managersrelyonintu

33、itiontoperformwell-learnedbehaviorpatternsrapidly.Thisintuitionisnotarbitraryorirrational,butisbasedonyearsofpainstakingpracticeandhands-onexperiencethatbuildskills.Athirdfunctionofintuitionistosynthesizeisolatedbitsofdataandpracticeintoanintegratedpicture,ofteninan"Aha!"experience.Fourth,

34、somemanagersuseintuitionasacheckontheresultsofmorerationalanalysis.Mostseniorexecutivesarefamiliarwiththeformaldecisionanalysismodelsandtools,andthosewhousesuchsystematicmethodsforreachingdecisionsareoccasionallyleeryofsolutionssuggestedbythesemethodswhichruncountertotheirsenseofthecorrectcourseofac

35、tion.Finally,managerscanuseintuitiontobypassin-depthanalysisandmove文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档rapidlytoengenderaplausiblesolution.Usedinthisway,intuitionisanalmostinstantaneouscognitiveprocessinwhichamanagerrecognizesfamiliarpatterns.Oneoftheimplicationsoftheintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagementisthatthink

36、ing"isinseparablefromacting.Sincemanagersoftenknow"whatisrightbeforetheycananalyzeandexplainit,theyfrequentlyactfirstandexplainlater.Analysisisinextricablytiedtoactioninthinking/actingcycles,inwhichmanagersdevelopthoughtsabouttheircompaniesandorganizationsnotbyanalyzingaproblematicsituatio

37、nandthenacting,butbyactingandanalyzingincloseconcert.Giventhegreatuncertaintyofmanyofthemanagementissuesthattheyface,seniormanagersofteninstigateacourseofactionsimplytolearnmoreaboutanissue.Theythenusetheresultsoftheactiontodevelopamorecompleteunderstandingoftheissue.Oneimplicationofthinking/actingc

38、yclesisthatactionisoftenpartofdefiningtheproblem,notjustofimplementingthesolution.1. Accordingtothetext,seniormanagersuseintuitioninallofthefollowingwaysEXCEPTtoA speedupofthecreationofasolutiontoaproblem.B identifyaproblem.C bringtogetherdisparatefacts.D stipulatecleargoals.2. Thetextsuggestswhicho

39、fthefollowingaboutthewritersonmanagement"mentionedinline1,paragraph2?A Theyhavecriticizedmanagersfornotfollowingtheclassicalrationalmodelofdecisionanalysis.B Theyhavenotbasedtheiranalysesonasufficientlylargesampleofactualmanagers.C Theyhavereliedindrawingtheirconclusionsonwhatmanagerssayrathert

40、hanonwhatmanagersdo.D Theyhavemisunderstoodhowmanagersuseintuitioninmakingbusinessdecisions.3. ItcanbeinferredfromthetextthatwhichofthefollowingwouldmostprobablybeonemajordifferenceinbehaviorbetweenManagerX,whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions,andManagerY,whousesonlyformaldecisionanalysis?A ManagerXanal

41、yzesfirstandthenacts;ManagerYdoesnot.B ManagerXcheckspossiblesolutionstoaproblembysystematicanalysis;ManagerYdoesnot.公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档C ManagerXtakesactioninordertoarriveatthesolutiontoaproblem;ManagerYdoesnot.D ManagerYdrawsonyearsofhands-onexperienceincreatingasolutiontoaproblem;ManagerXdoesnot.4

42、. Thetextprovidessupportforwhichofthefollowingstatements?A Managerswhorelyonintuitionaremoresuccessfulthanthosewhorelyonformaldecisionanalysis.B Managerscannotjustifytheirintuitivedecisions.C Managers'intuitionworkscontrarytotheirrationalandanalyticalskills.D Intuitionenablesmanagerstoemploythei

43、rpracticalexperiencemoreefficiently.5. Whichofthefollowingbestdescribestheorganizationofthefirstparagraphofthetext?A Anassertionismadeandaspecificsupportingexampleisgiven.B Aconventionalmodelisdismissedandanalternativeintroduced.C Theresultsofrecentresearchareintroducedandsummarized.D Twoopposingpoi

44、ntsofviewarepresentedandevaluated.1 .【答案】D【考点剖析】这是一道归纳推导题。此题题干中的“seniormanagers表示此题的答案信息在第三段，因为第三段首句包含题干中的“seniormanagers。经过仔细阅读和理解本段中所谈到的五点，我们可推导出此题的正确选项是选项Do此题选项A、B、C所涉及的内容分别在本段的第五点、第一点和第三点提到。考生在解题时必然要学会仔细归纳和总结原文所表达的每一层含义。2 .【答案】D【考点剖析】这是一道句间关系题。题干已将此题的答案信息圈定在第二段。本段中的第二句是此题答案信息的最主要本源，经过阅读和理解此句，我们可

45、推导出此题的正确选项是Do考生在解题时必然要合适理解上下句之间的关系。3 .【答案】C【考点剖析】此题是一道审题定位题。题干中的“whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions表示此题的答案信息在第四段，因为第四段首句含有和题干中“whousesintuitiontoreachdecisions"大体相同的“theintuitivestyleofexecutivemanagement。经过仔细阅读和理解第四段的每一句话，我们可发现第四段的第一句话都在重申“act（行动），可见此题的正确选项应该是重申行动的选项Co此题的答案信息本源是第四段的第二句话。考生在解题时必然

46、要第一正确地审题定位，尔后要善于归纳和理解原文中的中心主旨信息。文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档4 .【答案】D【考点剖析】此题是一道审题定位题。题干中并没有明确指出此题答案信息在原文的准确地址。在这种情况下，考生经常迷失解题思路。在考生迷失解题思路时必然要牢记全文中心主旨，而且抓住各段的核心句。本文的中心主旨句在第一段的尾句。若是考生可以抓住第一段的尾句，并结合第三段的第四、五句，就可以推导出此题的正确选项应该是Do考生在解题时，特别是在迷失解题思路时，必然要第一抓全文的中心主旨句，同时还要抓一些明确表示启承转合关系的句子结构。5.【答案】B【考点剖析】此题是一道段落结构题。第一

47、句话中的“donot和第二句句首的“rather是破解此题的要点。抓住这两个要点就可以推导出此题的正确选项应该是B。考生在解题时必然要注意表示否认的词语以及表示启承转合的词语，更要注意句子之间的相互关系。KitchenDesignOvertheyearseconomic,socialandtechnologicalfactorshaveinfluencedthedesignofkitchens.Sinceitisoftenusedsimultaneouslybybothfamilymembersaswellasguests,thekitchenrequiresnotonlyaglamorous

48、lookbutapracticalone.Also,thedesignelementsmustmeettheneedsofthemodernfamily.Environmentalconcernshavehadanenormousimpactonkitchendesign.Thisconcernincludesrecyclingofhouseholdmaterial,aswellasenergyefficientappliancesandthepurityofbothwaterandair.Researchshowsthatupto85percentofthepopulationisconce

49、rnedaboutwhatmightbeintheirdrinkingwater.Theyarealsooftendissatisfiedwiththetasteandodorofwhatcomesoutoftheirtap.Thisiswhyit'simportanttoconsideraddingawaterfiltersystem.Thecharacteroftoday'skitchenisverydifferentfromthewayitwasthirtyyearsago.There'smoresophisticationinfoodpreparation,an

50、dmoretechnologicalhelpwithcookingandclean-up.Whenchoosingcabinets,firstconsiderthestyle.Usethearchitecturalstyleofyourhouseasaguide.Becausecabinetsareabiginvestment,itisbesttochoosequality.Popularstylesinkitchencabinetsareframedpaneldoorswithraisedorrecessedpanelsofwood,cabinetfrontswithglasspanes,o

51、rsimpleslabdoorsinarichpaintedorlaminatedfinish.Cabinetpulls,don'tbeafraidtomixandmatchstyles.Becausemanyoftoday'skitchensconsistoftwoofmorecookssharinginthemealpreparation,thereisaneedformorecounterspace,cooktopsandsinks.文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档Althoughlifestylesarechanging,theprimaryfunction

52、ofthekitchenasanareaforpreparingfoodhasremainedunchanged.Thesinkremainsoneofthemostusedareasinthekitchenaswellasanimportantdecorativestatement.Appliancetechnologyismovingataveryfastpace.Choosingwhattypeofappliancesaswellashowmanywilldependonseveralfactorssuchashowoftenandhowmuchyoucookandthesizeofyo

53、urkitchen.Don'tlimityourselftooneofeachkindofappliance.Youcanhavearefrigeratorinoneplaceandafreezerinaseparateareaortwosetsofcooktops,oneonthecounternexttothewallovenandoneonanisland.Youcanevenhavetwodishwashersifsizeandbudgetrequireandpermit-thinkofitassavingtimeinthelongrun.1. Awell-designedki

54、tchenshouldbemodern,beautifulandpracticalatthesametime.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned2. Beingharmlesstotheenvironmentisthetoppriorityinkitchendesign.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned3. Qualitymattersthemostwhenyouarechoosingkitchencabinets.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned4. Morecounterspace,cooktopsandsinkaren

55、eededintoday'skitchensbecausefoodpreparationismorecomplicatedthanitusedtobe.A.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned5. Thedesignofthesinkisindicativeofakitchendesigner'sintelligenceA.RightB.WrongC.Notmentioned6. Meansofsavinglabor,appliancesshouldbereplacedwhenevernewmodelscomeoutA.RightB.WrongC.Notment

56、ioned7. ItistheamountoftimeyoucanspendinthekitchenthatdecideshowmanyappliancesofthesamekindyoushouldbuyThreeattitudestolife8. 1_.Youmayapproachlifewiththephilosophyofthevegetable,inwhichcaseyourlifewillconsistinbeingborn,eating,drinking,sleepingmating,growingold,anddying.9. 2_.Agreatmanyso-calledsuc

57、cessfulmenandwomenbelievethatlifeisabusiness,andtheyarrangetheirconductandbehavioraccordingly.Ifyoubelieve文案大全公共英语三级阅读题和问题详解合用文档thatlifeisabusinessyourfirstquestionoflife,naturally,isoutofit?_3_.Thegreatmajorityofhumanbeingstodaylookatlifeasifitwereabusiness._4_.Thethirdattitudetowardlifeistheapproa

58、choftheartist.HerethebasicphilosophyisWhatcanIputintoit?",andthebasicrelationtohisfollow-menisoneofcooperationandcommonsense._5_.Themoreweinvestigateandthemorewelearnaboutlivingthemorewebecomeconvincedthattheartisticattitudeistheonlyonewhichisconsistentwithhumanhappiness.A. Inawordbasedonthisattitude,happinessbecomesamatterofsuccessfulcompetition