完型填空解题技巧ppt课件

1、完形填空考点和能力要求分析完形填空考点和能力要求分析命题意图：命题意图： 在语篇层面上考查常用词汇的准确、得体的应用。在语篇层面上考查常用词汇的准确、得体的应用。选材：以夹叙夹议或叙述文为主，信息量大，情节曲折。选材：以夹叙夹议或叙述文为主，信息量大，情节曲折。基本能力：基本能力： 1阅读理解能力阅读理解能力 2词汇运用能力词汇运用能力完形填空的解题思路：完形填空的解题思路： 1句子理解句子理解考查单句语境中词语运用考查单句语境中词语运用 2上下文理解上下文理解考查并列句及复合句语境中词语的运考查并列句及复合句语境中词语的运用用 3段落理解段落理解围绕段落主旨的段落语境中词语的运用围绕段落主旨

2、的段落语境中词语的运用 4文章中心理解文章中心理解围绕文章中心的文章整体语境中词语围绕文章中心的文章整体语境中词语运用运用为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较为什么我们在这一题型上总是失分较多多? ?1.1.没有严格遵循答题步骤没有严格遵循答题步骤: : 多数同学考试时担心时间紧多数同学考试时担心时间紧, ,在没有弄清在没有弄清短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题短文的中心和文章的情节线索的情况下匆忙答题. .事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到事实上我们用在这一题上的时间可以达到15-1815-18分分钟钟. . 切记切记: :一定要用一定要用2-32-3分钟时间进行缺词阅读分钟时间进行缺

3、词阅读, ,弄清弄清文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空文章大意和基本脉络后再着手逐个填空. .2. 2. 不注意积累答题技巧不注意积累答题技巧: : a. a. 忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系忽略文章中上下文之间的照应关系; ; b. b. 遇到长句不注意分析句子结构遇到长句不注意分析句子结构, ,在语义模糊在语义模糊时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择时抱碰运气的心理随意作出选择. . 完形填空的解题步骤词汇题词汇题高考完形高考完形 填空考什么？填空考什么？篇章结构篇章结构 句际关系句际关系1.复现复现词汇题词汇题All of a sudden I started to feel rather _.

4、 She wondered why I was looking for this sort of _.I felt even more hopeless when she told me thatit would be difficult to get a job without experience. 1. A. encouraged B. dissatisfied C. hopeless D. pleased 2. A. place B. job C. advice D. help 12C. hopelessB. job(2019NMET)My sister and I grew up i

5、n a little village in England.Our father was a struggling 36 , but I always knew he was 37 . 36. A. biologist B. manager C. lawyer D. gardener37. A. strict B. honest C. special D. learned he never criticized us ,but used 38 (praise)to bring out our best father said: “when I was 23, my dad persuaded

6、me to go into law”.C. lawyerC. special2.(08天津卷）天津卷） The next day Jenna went to see Mrs. Biden about being on the school 25 . Mrs. Biden wasnt as 26 (enthusiastic ) as Jenna. “Im sorry, but we have enough 27 (writer) for the newspaper already. Amittee B. newspaper C. radio D. team原词重现原词重现3. (08山东卷山东卷

7、)Garths was short, but I learned more from that 52 message than I ever did from a textbook. A. accurate B.urgent C. brief D. humorous同义词、近义词复现同义词、近义词复现1. We can see there is a lot of sleeping on the bus or train on the _ home from work in the evenings. way B. track C. path D. road A.wayon the way ho

8、me 回家路上回家路上 根据搭配确定词汇根据搭配确定词汇2. Leaning back, she _ her feet onto the sofa to get comfortable. shook B. put C. bent D. kept B. putput onto 把把放在放在/搁在搁在根据意义辨析确定词汇根据意义辨析确定词汇3. It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly,heading towards their _. jobs B. homes

9、C. houses D. offices根据生活常识确定词汇根据生活常识确定词汇A. jobs4. （08安徽安徽)There are many different ways of seeing a town for the first time. One of them is to walk around it, guide-book 36 hand. A. in B. at C. by D. on5.（08安徽安徽) When we 41(look at ) it as a whole, we begin to have some 42 ,which even the best guide

10、-books do not answer. A. ideas B. opinions C. feelings D. questions 5.(08湖南湖南)Cassie looked at me, and her glare . I laughed, She smiledA.returned B. remainedC. increased D. softened6.(08四川四川I knew she had strict sleeping habits, but I thought she ought to be able to 22 some of this strictness. A.pu

11、t up B. take up C. pick up D. give up例例1： It was an early morning in summer. In the streets, sleepy-eyed people were moving quickly, heading towards their_ . This was the beginning of another_ day in New York City. 1. A. jobs B. homes C. buses D. offices 2. A. working B. hotC. sameD. ordinary 分析：从信息

12、词分析：从信息词“early morning和和“sleepy-eyed来判断，来判断，B. homes不符合逻辑，按生活经验，他们是去上班。这时有些考不符合逻辑，按生活经验，他们是去上班。这时有些考生也许会认为，既然上班，就要去生也许会认为，既然上班，就要去“挤公交车或挤公交车或“去办公室去办公室”。但。但上班的方式也有步行的、骑车的或坐地铁的，也有自己开车去的。上班的方式也有步行的、骑车的或坐地铁的，也有自己开车去的。人们上班有去农场的、煤矿的，还有去工厂车间的，不一定去办公人们上班有去农场的、煤矿的，还有去工厂车间的，不一定去办公室。因此，室。因此，C. buses和和D. office

13、s不符合生活实际。不符合生活实际。1题只有题只有A. jobs才是最合乎逻辑的选项，人们起床后，各自奔向自己的工作岗才是最合乎逻辑的选项，人们起床后，各自奔向自己的工作岗位。而这位。而这 种情况是天天发生，是平平常常的，因此种情况是天天发生，是平平常常的，因此2题答案是题答案是D. ordinary(08湖南卷湖南卷) I made my sandwich that afternoon while waiting for Cassie. 39 the butter-cream gave me an idea. A. Spreading B. Boiling C. Baking D. Holdi

14、ngEvery morning she would give him breakfast 29 bed and bring him the papers to 30 .29.A. to B. at C. in D. by30.A. check B. read C. keep D. sign 替代替代省略省略1.1.语法手语法手段段语法项目语法项目 9.The strange Dr had been loved by someone:he had given his life,as Charley_,for a cause he believed right. A. / B.had been C

15、. had D.had done省略省略 逻辑手段逻辑手段2.2.逻辑手段逻辑手段分指关系分指关系转折关系转折关系因果关系因果关系解释关系解释关系顺序关系顺序关系并列关系并列关系 Every morning I got on the school bus right near my home that was no problem. After school, _, when all the buses were lined up along the street, I was afraid that Id get on the wrong one and be taken to some,

16、unfamiliar neighborhood. A. though B. yet C. although D. still He appeared calm,_ inside his heart was beating wildly with fear. A. and B. or C. but D. otherwise分析：分析：(1) 填填though，adv. , 表示前一句与本句的转折表示前一句与本句的转折, although: 连词。连词。(2) 填填but,表表calm 和和fear对照。对照。 Mark knelt down and helped the boy picked u

17、p these articles. _ they were going the same way, he helped to carry some of them for him. A. Although B. since C. After D. Until Think about it, _, while walking to work, we mark where we are by passing a certain building, why should we not mark where we are when we pass a familiar, though unnamed,

18、 person? A. Because B. If C. Although D. However3.B since 表由于表由于,引导原因状语从句引导原因状语从句, although让步状语从句让步状语从句,表表转折转折,after引导时间状语从句引导时间状语从句.4. B. if 假设关系假设关系. (08天津天津)Jenna, a popular girl fromWestwood Middle School, had graduatedfirst in her class and was ready for newchallenges in high school. , high sch

19、oolwas different. A. Therefore B. However C. Otherwise D. Besides(08湖北湖北Neilson considers herself lucky_she suffered injuries.A.and B.but C.though D.when转折关系转折关系让步关系让步关系 篇章结构(语境理解)There are so many wonderful stories about the _ in this dog, but my favorite is one that created an image of how to _ wh

20、at is needed without reserve. Tears sprung to my eyes as I witnessed this beautiful act of unconditional love form an animal who taught us how to serve life with such grace. A. love B. pleasure C. faith D. memory A. gain B. abandon C. give D. getlovegive文章主要讲我家的狗对它的朋友的爱和无私文章主要讲我家的狗对它的朋友的爱和无私的给予给作者带来

21、的震撼。的给予给作者带来的震撼。完型填空考查内容完型填空考查内容语篇信息语篇信息词汇手段词汇手段语法手段语法手段逻辑手段逻辑手段 复复 现现 同同 现现 替替 代代 省省 略略 顺序关系顺序关系 并列关系并列关系 分指关系分指关系 转折关转折关系系 解释关系解释关系 因果关系因果关系语篇结构语境理解）语篇结构语境理解）语法项目语法项目Problem solving strategies上下文语境上下文语境context)常识背景常识背景common sense）习惯搭配习惯搭配phrases & idioms）词义辨析词义辨析 （comparison）语法分析语法分析grammar a

22、nalysis)逻辑分析逻辑分析 (logical analysis )排除法排除法 （exclusive method ）灵活的解题技巧灵活的解题技巧 Steve Jobs did what he loved to do in his life. He started Apple with Woz when he was 20. In ten years Apple had grown into a $2 billion company with over 4,000 employees. _, when he had just turned 30, he was rejected and

23、got _by Apple, which was destructive to him. But he didnt want to abandon what he _ to do. He decided to _ again. He set up a company named NeXT and it developed so well _ in 2019 he returned to Apple with new technology, which played a _ role in the boom of Apple. When asked what _ him going, Jobs

24、said his being fired by Apple was the _ thing that could have ever happened to him. He never lost _ and just continued what he loved. Howeverfiredwas rejectedhis being firedlovedlovedlovedstartstartedthatsomajorkeptbestfaith （08江西）江西） The three youths leaned over the metal rails along the sea-wall a

25、nd watched a few fishermen pull in their nets. About thirty metres away, a boat pulled alongside the slippery steps leading 36 to the sea. “Hey, look!” exclaimed Rahim. “Those two men are 37 heavy rocks. I thought we no longer do muscle labour in this technological 38 . ”“you dont 39 a crane (起重起重机机

26、)to unload less than a dozen rocks, do you?”smiled Joshua. “But those men dont 40 to have muscles at all,”said Michael,rather surprised .Joshua smiled. “They are 41 laborers who know how to spread the weight of the rocks they 42 . See how the man positions the rock just at the slope of his 43 . 36.

27、A. through B. across C. down D. up37.A.loading B.unloading C.covering D.uncovering 38. A. way B. revolution C. process D. era39. A. ask B. expect C. attempt D. hope40. A. happen B. fail C. have D. seem41. A.ambitious B. experienced C. potential D.energetic 42. A. take B. fetch C. carry D. bring43. A

28、. shoulder B. back C. chest D. arms原词重现原词重现语境语境理解理解词义词义用法用法排除法排除法语境语境-词义词义词义辨析词义辨析常识常识 Some of the rocks weight is set 44 his head, some on the right hand and some on the left hand. His body isnt bent. His legs are well 45 . ” “Youre right, Josh. He may have a small build. 46 he certainly well knows

29、 his job. Dear me! And to think we have been studying 47 ! ” Rahim thought about all that was happening. Suddenly, he said, “Technology wont 48 the human being completely, it appears.” “I dont think it will. ” 49 Joshua. “You can harvest a crop of potatoes or wheat with one of those large, multi-pur

30、pose tractors, but you 50 use that equipment to harvest lea leaves and tomatoes, will you?” 44.A. on B. against C.toward D. under 45.A.supported B.grasped C. placed D.strengthened 46.A. but B. however C. so D. therefore 47.A.chemistry B. physics C. biology D. psychology 48.A. control B.affect C.remove D. replace49.A. agreed B. proposed C. refused D. denied50.A. cant B. mustnt C. wont D. nee