科技英语写作中的典型错误

1、科技英语写作中的典型错误第1页，共104页。例例 2汉语原句汉语原句本文首先讨论了这种信号的特点，然后讨论了它的产本文首先讨论了这种信号的特点，然后讨论了它的产生。生。英语错句英语错句This paper first discusses the features of this signal, and then its generation is described.改正后的句子改正后的句子This paper first discusses the features of this signal, and then describes its generation. 不过本句最好采用下列不过

2、本句最好采用下列句型：句型：This paper begins with the discussion on the features of this signal, followed by the description of its generation.第2页，共104页。例例 3汉语原句汉语原句这台设备的特点是操作简便、价格低廉。这台设备的特点是操作简便、价格低廉。英语错句英语错句The features of this device are easy in operation and low in price.改正后的句子改正后的句子The features of this devi

3、ce are easy operation and low price. 不过比较好的一个句型是：不过比较好的一个句型是：This device is characterized by（its）easy operation and low price.第3页，共104页。例例 4汉语原句汉语原句我们的方法与以前讨论同一问题的文章中所述的不同。我们的方法与以前讨论同一问题的文章中所述的不同。英语错句英语错句Our method is different from previous articles discussed the same problem.改正后的句子改正后的句子Our method

4、 is different from those presented（或或 described）in the papers available（或或 published before）on （或或 discussing）the same problem. 第4页，共104页。例例 5汉语原句汉语原句只有通过对该系统性能的研究，我们才能了解它的优点。只有通过对该系统性能的研究，我们才能了解它的优点。英语错句英语错句Only through studied the performance of the system, its advantages can be understood.改正后的句子改

5、正后的句子Only through the study of the performance of the system, can one（或或we）understand（或或appreciate）its advantages.第5页，共104页。例例 6汉语原句汉语原句本文对提高打印速度和印字质量提供了一种计算机辅本文对提高打印速度和印字质量提供了一种计算机辅助设计手段。助设计手段。英语错句英语错句This paper provided a kind of means of computer aid design for progressing the printing speed and

6、the printing quality.改正后的句子改正后的句子This paper presents a CAD method for increasing the printing speed and improving the printing quality.第6页，共104页。例例 7汉语原句汉语原句对构件的承载能力做了具体分析。对构件的承载能力做了具体分析。英语错句英语错句The detailed analysis of the ability of bearing loads of the components is given.改正后的句子改正后的句子A detailed（或

7、或 concrete）analysis of the ability of the component to carry loads is made.第7页，共104页。例例 8汉语原句汉语原句共有共有M个多边形，其顶点数均为个多边形，其顶点数均为N。英语错句英语错句There are M polygons altogether, whose vertex number is all N.改正后的句子改正后的句子There are M polygons altogether, each of which has N vertexes. 虽然从语法角度来看，定语从句可以译成虽然从语法角度来看，定

8、语从句可以译成“the number of vertexes of each of which is N.” 但这种表示法不好，显得但这种表示法不好，显得很繁琐。很繁琐。第8页，共104页。例例 9汉语原句汉语原句这个方法需要精确的定位，这就使得它的实现具有一定的难这个方法需要精确的定位，这就使得它的实现具有一定的难度。度。英语错句英语错句This method requires accurate location and this makes its realization have a little difficulty.改正后的句子改正后的句子This method requires a

9、ccurate location, thus making（或或which makes）its realization somewhat difficult.第9页，共104页。例例 10汉语原句汉语原句对对A的识别和对的识别和对B的确定是使用这一方法的先决条件。的确定是使用这一方法的先决条件。英语错句英语错句 The recognition of A and determining B are the prerequisite for the use of this method.改正后的句子改正后的句子The recognition of A and the determination o

10、f B are the prerequisites for the use of this method.第10页，共104页。例例 11汉语原句汉语原句最后提出了实现这种方法应注意的一些问题和解决方最后提出了实现这种方法应注意的一些问题和解决方法。法。英语错句英语错句At last, we provided some problems that could be noted in implementing this method and solving ways.改正后的句子改正后的句子Finally, some problems that deserve to be noted in im

11、plementing this method and their solution are presented.第11页，共104页。例例 12汉语原句汉语原句由于缺陷的存在，构件的疲劳寿命将大大降低。由于缺陷的存在，构件的疲劳寿命将大大降低。英语错句英语错句Because of the existing of the defect, the fatigue life of the components will decrease very much.改正后的句子改正后的句子Because of（或或Due to）the existence of the defect, the fatigue

12、 life of the components will be decreased（或或shortened）greatly.第12页，共104页。例例 13汉语原句汉语原句并讨论了这一方法与扫描法相比的优点。并讨论了这一方法与扫描法相比的优点。英语错句英语错句As compared with the scanning method, the advantages of this method has discussed also.改正后的句子改正后的句子The advantages of this method over the scanning method have also been d

13、iscussed.第13页，共104页。例例 14汉语原句汉语原句已知常数已知常数K，就能算出就能算出C来。来。英语错句英语错句Giving the constant K, C can be calculated.改正后的句子改正后的句子Given （或或knowing）the constant K, one（或或we）can calculate C.（或或, it is possible to calculate C.）第14页，共104页。例例 15汉语原句汉语原句这台新设计的仪器质量很好。这台新设计的仪器质量很好。英语错句英语错句This new designed instrument

14、is in good quality.改正后的句子改正后的句子This newly designed instrument is good in quality.或：或：This newly designed instrument is of good quality.第15页，共104页。例例 16汉语原句汉语原句锡的熔点没有铅的高。锡的熔点没有铅的高。英语错句英语错句Tin does not have a melting point as high as lead does.改正后的句子改正后的句子Tin does not have as high a melting point as l

15、ead does.第16页，共104页。例例 17汉语原句汉语原句这台转动的机器将在一二分钟后自动停下来。这台转动的机器将在一二分钟后自动停下来。英语错句英语错句This running machine will stop of itself after one minute or two.改正后的句子改正后的句子This running machine will stop of itself in one or two minutes（或或 in a minute or two）.第17页，共104页。例例 18汉语原句汉语原句在这种情况下，输入不会下降，输出也不会下降。在这种情况下，输入不

16、会下降，输出也不会下降。英语错句英语错句In this case, the input does not fall; the output does not fall, too.改正后的句子改正后的句子In this case, the input does not fall, neither（或或nor）does the output.第18页，共104页。例例 19汉语原句汉语原句这个问题有待解决。这个问题有待解决。英语错句英语错句This problem waits to solve.改正后的句子改正后的句子This problem remains to be solved.第19页，共

17、104页。例例 20汉语原句汉语原句这个电荷与存在的其它电荷相互作用。这个电荷与存在的其它电荷相互作用。英语错句英语错句This charge interacts with other present charge.改正后的句子改正后的句子This charge interacts with other charges present.第20页，共104页。例例 21汉语原句汉语原句现有的教科书没有提到这一点。现有的教科书没有提到这一点。英语错句英语错句The now existed textbooks do not make mention of this point.改正后的句子改正后的句

18、子The existing textbooks（或或The textbooks available）have made no mention of this point.第21页，共104页。例例 22汉语原句汉语原句x 的所有值均不能满足这一方程的所有值均不能满足这一方程。英语错句英语错句All values of x cant satisfy this equation.改正后的句子改正后的句子No values of x（或或None of the values of x）can satisfy this equation.第22页，共104页。例例 23汉语原句汉语原句这个电压几乎是测

19、不出的。这个电压几乎是测不出的。英语错句英语错句This voltage almost can not be measured.改正后的句子改正后的句子This voltage can hardly be measured.第23页，共104页。例例 24汉语原句汉语原句铜的导电率比铁高。铜的导电率比铁高。英语错句英语错句The conductivity of copper is higher than iron.改正后的句子改正后的句子The conductivity of copper is higher than that of iron.第24页，共104页。例例 25汉语原句汉语原句

20、在这个实验室中，这台仪器比其他的灵敏。在这个实验室中，这台仪器比其他的灵敏。英语错句英语错句In this laboratory, this instrument is more sensitive than any one.改正后的句子改正后的句子In this laboratory, this instrument is more sensitive than any other one（或或 any one else）.第25页，共104页。例例 26汉语原句汉语原句这本书的序言写得很好。这本书的序言写得很好。英语错句英语错句The preface of this book was we

21、ll written.改正后的句子改正后的句子The preface to this book is well written.第26页，共104页。例例 27汉语原句汉语原句为了发射无线电波，必须产生高频振荡。为了发射无线电波，必须产生高频振荡。英语错句英语错句Sending out radio waves, high-frequency oscillations must be generated.改正后的句子改正后的句子To send out radio waves, it is necessary to generate high-frequency oscillations.第27页

22、，共104页。例例 28汉语原句汉语原句其他类型的电动机也广泛用在工业上。其他类型的电动机也广泛用在工业上。英语错句英语错句Other types of the electric motor also are widely use in industry.改正后的句子改正后的句子Other types of electric motor are also widely used in industry.第28页，共104页。例例 29汉语原句汉语原句任何学生均不会解这种特殊的方程任何学生均不会解这种特殊的方程。英语错句英语错句Any student cannot solve this kind

23、 of special equation.改正后的句子改正后的句子No student（或或None of the students）can solve this special kind of equation.第29页，共104页。例例 30汉语原句汉语原句必须了解这种材料是否能经受住这么大的力必须了解这种材料是否能经受住这么大的力。英语错句英语错句It is necessary to know if this material can stand a so large force or not.改正后的句子改正后的句子It is necessary to know whether thi

24、s material can stand so large a force or not.第30页，共104页。例例 31汉语原句汉语原句电压是用伏特来度量的电压是用伏特来度量的。（。（或：电压的度量单位是伏或：电压的度量单位是伏特。）特。）英语错句英语错句Voltage is measured with volt.改正后的句子改正后的句子Voltage is measured in volts.第31页，共104页。例例 32汉语原句汉语原句这两位工程师正忙于设计一种新型软件这两位工程师正忙于设计一种新型软件。英语错句英语错句This two engineers are busy to de

25、sign a type of new software.改正后的句子改正后的句子These two engineers are busy with the design of或或busy（in）designinga new type of software.第32页，共104页。例例 33汉语原句汉语原句这种材料很难加工这种材料很难加工。英语错句英语错句This material is very difficult to be machined.改正后的句子改正后的句子This material is very difficult to machine.第33页，共104页。例例 34汉语原句

26、汉语原句若把式（若把式（7）代入式（）代入式（8）就得到）就得到a=b。英语错句英语错句If Eq. (7) is substituted in Eq. (8), we obtain a=b.改正后的句子改正后的句子Substituting Eq. (7) in Eq. (8), we obtain a=b. 或或Substituting of Eq. (7) in Eq. (8) yields a=b.第34页，共104页。例例 35汉语原句汉语原句声音传播的速度比光慢得多声音传播的速度比光慢得多。英语错句英语错句Sound travels less faster than light is

27、.改正后的句子改正后的句子Sound travels much less fast than light（does）.第35页，共104页。例例 36汉语原句汉语原句这个设备有它的一些独特的优点这个设备有它的一些独特的优点。英语错句英语错句This equipment has a few advantage all its own.改正后的句子改正后的句子This equipment has a few advantages all its own.第36页，共104页。例例 37汉语原句汉语原句我们已定义了度量我们已定义了度量m的质量单位。的质量单位。英语错句英语错句We have defi

28、ned mass unit to measure m.改正后的改正后的 句子句子We have defined mass units with which to measure m.第37页，共104页。例例 38汉语原句汉语原句所得结果与测量值吻合所得结果与测量值吻合。英语错句英语错句The results obtained fit the experimental values.改正后的句子改正后的句子The results obtained agree（或或 are in agreement）with the experimental values.第38页，共104页。例例 39汉语原

29、句汉语原句本文讨论了三维多通道稳态流场和温度场的数值计算本文讨论了三维多通道稳态流场和温度场的数值计算与实验。与实验。英语错句英语错句Numerical computation and experiment for the steady-state flow and temperature field in three dimensional multi-channels are discussed in this paper.改正后的句子改正后的句子The numerical computation of and the experiment on the steady-state flow

30、 and temperature fields in three dimensional multi-channels are discussed.第39页，共104页。例例 40汉语原句汉语原句定义了一种描述图论中某些工程问题求解的算法语定义了一种描述图论中某些工程问题求解的算法语言言(我们称之为图论算法语言我们称之为图论算法语言)。英语错句英语错句An algorithm language（we call it the Algorithm Language for the Graph Theory）to describe the solution of some engineering p

31、roblem in the graph theory is defined.改正后的句子改正后的句子An algorithm language（which we call the Algorithm Language for the Graph Theory）for describing the solution of some engineering problems in the graph theory is defined.第40页，共104页。例例 41汉语原句汉语原句我们容易确定该物体的重量。我们容易确定该物体的重量。英语错句英语错句We are easy to determine

32、 the weight of the body.改正后的句子改正后的句子It is easy for us to determine the weight of the body.（或或 We can determine the weight of the body easily.）第41页，共104页。例例 42汉语原句汉语原句摩擦使得输入机器的功大于由机器所做的有用功摩擦使得输入机器的功大于由机器所做的有用功。英语错句英语错句Friction make the work put into a machine be greater than the useful work accomplis

33、hed by it.改正后的句子改正后的句子Friction makes the work put into a machine greater than the useful work accomplished by it.第42页，共104页。例例 43汉语原句汉语原句瓶中的空气受热后就会膨胀瓶中的空气受热后就会膨胀。英语错句英语错句On heating, the air in the bottle will be expanded.改正后的句子改正后的句子On being heated, the air in the bottle will expand.第43页，共104页。例例 44

34、汉语原句汉语原句接收机的许多原理也适用于发射机接收机的许多原理也适用于发射机。英语错句英语错句Many of principles of a receiver also apply for a transmitter.改正后的句子改正后的句子Many of the principles of a receiver also apply to a transmitter.第44页，共104页。例例 45汉语原句汉语原句物体越热，它辐射的能量就越多物体越热，它辐射的能量就越多。英语错句英语错句The hoter the body, the more the energy it radiates.改

35、正后的句子改正后的句子The hotter the body, the more energy it radiates.第45页，共104页。例例 46汉语原句汉语原句半导体将在第二章加以讨论半导体将在第二章加以讨论。英语错句英语错句Semiconductor will be discussed in the chapter 2.改正后的句子改正后的句子Semiconductors will be discussed in Chapter 2.第46页，共104页。例例 47汉语原句汉语原句某些元素产生放射的能力被称为放射性某些元素产生放射的能力被称为放射性。英语错句英语错句The abili

36、ty for some elements to give off radiations is referred as the radioactivity.改正后的句子改正后的句子The ability of some elements to give off radiations is referred to as radioactivity.第47页，共104页。例例 48汉语原句汉语原句人们经常发射各种卫星来获得有关太空的信息人们经常发射各种卫星来获得有关太空的信息。英语错句英语错句The various satellites are frequently launched to obta

37、in informations about space.改正后的句子改正后的句子Various satellites are frequently launched to obtain information about space.第48页，共104页。例例 49汉语原句汉语原句不仅温度和光影响导电率，而且给半导体加杂质也会使导电不仅温度和光影响导电率，而且给半导体加杂质也会使导电率变化很大率变化很大。英语错句英语错句Not only temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities t

38、o semiconductors will also make it to change greatly.改正后的句子改正后的句子Not only do temperature and light affect the conductivity, but the addition of impurities to semiconductors will also make it change greatly.第49页，共104页。例例 50汉语原句汉语原句直流电总是朝一个方向流动直流电总是朝一个方向流动。英语错句英语错句The direct current always flow to one

39、 direction.改正后的句子改正后的句子Direct current flows always in one direction.第50页，共104页。例例 51汉语原句汉语原句在这里必须使用一个在这里必须使用一个8伏的电池伏的电池。英语错句英语错句A 8-volts battery must be used here.改正后的句子改正后的句子An 8-volt battery must be sued here.第51页，共104页。例例 52汉语原句汉语原句结果表明，这两种方法其实质是一致的，只不过各有其结果表明，这两种方法其实质是一致的，只不过各有其应用的条件应用的条件。英语错句英

40、语错句The results indicate that this two methods are consistent, they have only respective applied condition.改正后的句子改正后的句子The results indicate that these two methods are consistent in essence, with the exception that they have their own specific application conditions.第52页，共104页。例例 53汉语原句汉语原句这台仪器的价格很贵这台

41、仪器的价格很贵。英语错句英语错句The price for this instrument is expensive.改正后的句子改正后的句子The price of this instrument is high.第53页，共104页。例例 54汉语原句汉语原句这个设备占地方太多这个设备占地方太多。英语错句英语错句This device takes too many places.改正后的句子改正后的句子This device occupies to much space（或或room）.第54页，共104页。例例 55汉语原句汉语原句机器人是一种特殊的电子设备机器人是一种特殊的电子设备。英

42、语错句英语错句Robot is a kind of special electronic devices.改正后的句子改正后的句子A robot is a special kind of electronic device.第55页，共104页。例例 56汉语原句汉语原句这六个月来他们一直在设计一种新型计算机这六个月来他们一直在设计一种新型计算机。英语错句英语错句They have been designed a type of new computer since these six months.改正后的句子改正后的句子They have been designing a new type

43、 of computer these six months.第56页，共104页。例例 57汉语原句汉语原句改进后的算法在位移矢量的估值精度上优于原算法改进后的算法在位移矢量的估值精度上优于原算法。英语错句英语错句The improved algorithm has an advantage compared with the original one in the accuracy of the estimation of the displacement vectors.改正后的句子改正后的句子The improved algorithm has an advantage over（或或i

44、s superior to） the original one in the accuracy of the estimation of the displacement vectors.第57页，共104页。例例 58汉语原句汉语原句本文注意到该系统具有永久磁铁的特点，提出一种比较本文注意到该系统具有永久磁铁的特点，提出一种比较简易的方法，解决其磁路的计算问题简易的方法，解决其磁路的计算问题。英语错句英语错句This paper pays attention to having the characteristic of permanent ring magnet, and presents

45、 a kind of simpler method of solving problem of calculation for the magnetic circuit.改正后的句子改正后的句子On the basis of the fact that this system has the property of a permanent magnet, this paper presents a simpler method of calculation for the magnetic circuit.第58页，共104页。例例 59汉语原句汉语原句经过对平面连杆机构的五类基本杆件和运动副

46、的约束经过对平面连杆机构的五类基本杆件和运动副的约束性质的分析，本文导出了用拓扑图论中的点边关联矩阵表达的性质的分析，本文导出了用拓扑图论中的点边关联矩阵表达的拓扑变换拓扑变换。英语错句英语错句This paper has inferred the topology transformation which is expressed by the vertex-edge incidence matrix of topology graph from analyzing the five kinds of linkage and the restricted properties of kine

47、matic pairs.改正后的句子改正后的句子By analyzing the five basic types of linkage and the constraints of kinematic pairs, this paper has inferred the topological transformation which expressed by the vertex-edge incidence matrix of the topological graph.第59页，共104页。例例 60汉语原句汉语原句在这种情况下，二极管的反向电流可以忽略不计在这种情况下，二极管的反向电

48、流可以忽略不计。英语错句英语错句In this case the diode reverse current is negligible.改正后的句子改正后的句子In this case the reverse diode current is negligible.第60页，共104页。例例 61汉语原句汉语原句这个值似乎不能满足该方程这个值似乎不能满足该方程。英语错句英语错句It appears that this value does not satisfy the equation.改正后的句子改正后的句子It does not appear that this value satis

49、fies the equation.第61页，共104页。例例 62汉语原句汉语原句在这个情况下，必须尽量利用信号的能量在这个情况下，必须尽量利用信号的能量。英语错句英语错句In this case it is necessary to use the energy of signals as possibly.改正后的句子改正后的句子In this case it is necessary to use as much energy of signals as possible.第62页，共104页。例例 63汉语原句汉语原句滤波器的齿数变化对滤波器通带性能的影响比结构尺滤波器的齿数变化对滤

50、波器通带性能的影响比结构尺寸变化产生的影响大。寸变化产生的影响大。英语错句英语错句The variation of the filers tooth number more affects the performance of its passband compared with the variation of its dimensions.改正后的句子改正后的句子The variation of the filters tooth number has a greater effect on the performance of its passband than the variatio

51、n of its dimensions.第63页，共104页。例例 64汉语原句汉语原句根据上面对该多项式分解的分析，就得到了一种新颖的排列根据上面对该多项式分解的分析，就得到了一种新颖的排列。英语错句英语错句On the basis of the analysis above to the decomposition of the polynomial, a novel kind of configuration is followed.改正后的句子改正后的句子On the basis of the above analysis of the decomposition of the pol

52、ynomial, a novel configuration results.第64页，共104页。例例 65汉语原句汉语原句本文论述了该系统的设计思路与结构，深入探讨了模型检验本文论述了该系统的设计思路与结构，深入探讨了模型检验。英语错句英语错句This paper discussed designing ways and structure of the system and deeply discussed model testing.改正后的句子改正后的句子This paper discusses the design guiding for and the structure of

53、the system, with a deep inquiry into model testing.第65页，共104页。例例 66汉语原句汉语原句最后用计算机仿真对窗口损耗概率进行了分析最后用计算机仿真对窗口损耗概率进行了分析。英语错句英语错句In the end, analysis of packet loss probability is presented by computer simulation.改正后的句子改正后的句子Finally, an analysis of packet loss probability is made by computer simulation.第

54、66页，共104页。例例 67汉语原句汉语原句通过与通过与MEI方法进行对比，指出方法进行对比，指出MEI方法中的第三假设方法中的第三假设值得商榷。值得商榷。英语错句英语错句After comparison with MEI method, it is shown that the third postulate of MEI method is questionable.改正后的句子改正后的句子A comparison with the MEI method shows that the third postulate in the MEI method is questionable（或或

55、is open to question）.第67页，共104页。例例 68汉语原句汉语原句作者现在从事于计算机视觉、图像处理和识别的教学作者现在从事于计算机视觉、图像处理和识别的教学和研究工作和研究工作。英语错句英语错句The author is engaged in the teaching and research of computer vision, image processing and recognition.改正后的句子改正后的句子The author is engaged in the teaching of and the research on computer visi

56、on, image processing and recognition.第68页，共104页。例例 69汉语原句汉语原句最后，本文给出了有待于解决的几个问题最后，本文给出了有待于解决的几个问题。英语错句英语错句Finally, this paper presents several problems remain to be solved.改正后的句子改正后的句子Finally, this paper presents several problems which remain to be solved.第69页，共104页。例例 70汉语原句汉语原句如果下面两个条件中任一个成立，那么我们就

57、得到一个新如果下面两个条件中任一个成立，那么我们就得到一个新的表达式的表达式。英语错句英语错句If any one of the following two conditions is held, then we have a new expression.改正后的句子改正后的句子If either of the following two conditions holds, then we have a new expression.第70页，共104页。例例 71汉语原句汉语原句特别在无线电传输领域，这设备有许多优点特别在无线电传输领域，这设备有许多优点。英语错句英语错句Specially

58、 in the field of radio transmission, there are many advantages with the device.改正后的句子改正后的句子Especially in the field of radio transmission, the device has many advantages.第71页，共104页。例例 72汉语原句汉语原句本文所讲的内容对机械工程师来说是很感兴趣的本文所讲的内容对机械工程师来说是很感兴趣的。英语错句英语错句The content that this paper talk about is of great inter

59、est to mechanical engineers.改正后的句子改正后的句子What this paper described is of great interest to mechanical engineers.第72页，共104页。例例 73汉语原句汉语原句模拟结果表明，所有这两种方案是容易实现的模拟结果表明，所有这两种方案是容易实现的。英语错句英语错句The simulation result prove that all these two schemes are easy to be implemented.改正后的句子改正后的句子The simulation results

60、 show that both the schemes are easy to implement.第73页，共104页。例例 74汉语原句汉语原句同时本文导出了所有这些因素对系统性能影响的定量同时本文导出了所有这些因素对系统性能影响的定量表达式，在此基础上提出了一种改进型系统。表达式，在此基础上提出了一种改进型系统。英语错句英语错句Simultaneously, this paper derived quantitative expression of all these factors effect on the performance of the system. On the basi