2018仁爱英语8年级上册U3Topic3学科讲义有答案

1、【基础知识巩固】1、ThetelephoneringswhileJaneispracticingtheviolin.简在练习小提琴的时候，电话铃响了。While在此意为当的时候，与同时”，引导时间状语从句。从句中要用延续性动词。辨析：我出门不在时，有人破门而入。误：SomebodybrokeinwhileIwentout.正：SomebodybrokeinwhileIwasout.比较：when和while的用法联系：when和while在句中充当连词，引导时间状语从句时，都译为当的时候”，两者都表示主句动作与从句动作同时发生。区别：when是atorduringthetimethat,既可以

2、表示一个时间点（when引导的从句中谓语动词用非延续性动词），也可以表示一段时间（when引导的从句中谓语动词用延续性动词）。表示时间点时，从句用一般过去时或一般现在时；表示时间段时，从句用进行时态。主从句所述动作、事情可同时发生，也可有先后。我们到达那里时正在下雪。Whenwethere,itwassnowing.（同时）got他做完工作就回家了。Hewenthomehehiswork.（表示动作的先后）whenfinishedwhile是duringthetimethat,只指一段时间，即while引导的从句中谓语动词必须用延续性动词，也就是从句用进行时态。主从句中两个延续性动作同时发生。

3、爸爸看电视的时候妈妈在做饭。MotherwascookingwhilefatherwaswatchingTV.因此when引导的时间状语从句中的动词可以是终止性动词，也可以是延续性动词，而while从句中的动词必须是延续性动词。e.g.While/WhenIwashavingsupper,someoneknockedatthedoor.（washavingsupper为个时间段，have为延续性动词）Whenyouleavetheroom,pleaseturnoffthelights.（leave为非延续性动词，因此从旬不能用while引导）2、Whatwereyoudoingatthisti

4、meyesterday?天这个时候你在干什么？-Whatareyoudoing?-Wearehavingclasses.-Whatwereyoudoingatthistimeyesterday?-Wewerehavingclasses.过去进行时（一）定义过去进行时：表示过去某一具体时刻或过去某一段时间内正在发生或进行的动作。常与then,atthistimeyesterday,atthattime,anineo'clockyesterday,atthatmoment,thatweek（UP周）,thosedays（那些天）,fromseventoninelastnight,allda

5、yyesterday等时间状语连用，或者用另一动作来表示过去的时间。可以从两个方面来理解：1过去某一具体时刻正在发生或进行的动作。egTheywereplayingfootballatteno'clocyesterdaymorningMymotherwascookingwhenIgothome.Iwaswashingmyclothesatthistimeyesterday2过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作作e.g.Theywereplayingbasketballfromseventonineyesterdaymorning.Itwasrainingalldayyesterday昨天下了

6、整天雨。注意：yesterday与lastnight既可用于一般过去时也可用于过去进行时，要根据上下文情境进行判断。如：Hewasreadingbookslastnigh酢晚他（一百）在读书。Hereadbookslastnight昨晚他看书了。（二）构成过去进行时由be动词的过去式was/were加动词现在分词构成，即“was/were+doing(现在分词)基本句型结构1)肯定形式：主语+was/were+动词的现在分词v.ing.+2)否定形式：主语+was/were+not+动词现在分词v.ing.+3)疑问形式：Was/Were+主语+动词现在分词v.ing.+肯定回答：Yes,主语

7、(人称代词)+Was/Were.否定回答：No,主语(人称代词)+Wasn't/Weren't.e.g.Wereyouplayingcomputergames?WereyoureadingnewspaperswhenIcalledyoulastnight?练习：1.Weretheydoing(do)theirhomeworkthen?Yes,theywere./No,theyveren'.t2.A:Whatwereyoudoingfromseventonineyesterday?B:IwaslearningEnglish(learn).Wereyouplaying(pl

8、ay)computergames?A:Yes,Iwas./No,Iwasn'.t翻译：Weren'tyouplayingcomputergames?Theywereplayingbasketballatfouro'clockyesterdayafternoon.点他们在打篮球。Wewereworkingfromseventoelevenlastnight.我们昨晚从七点工作到九点。填空：1.they(feed)theanimalsat800yesterdayafternoon?2. Mrs.Green(notwash)clothesatthistimeyesterday

9、3. Grandpa(mend)hisclockwhenIreachedhome答案：1werefeeding2wasn'twashing3wasmending(三)现在分词的构成规则：规律总结例词以不发音的字母e结尾的动词，先去掉e再加-ing.make-makinghavefhaving以重读闭音节结尾，且末尾只有一个车有音字母的，要双写这个辅音字母，冉加-ing.swimfswimmingrunfrunning以-ie结尾的动词，变ie为y,再加-inglieTyingtieftyingdiefdying大多数动词直接在词尾加-ing.playfplayingsingfsingi

10、ng注意：1、如果以e结尾的单词发音，则不能去掉e,直接在词尾加-ing,如：see-seeing;agree-agreeing2、初中阶段常见的需要双写最后一个辅音字母变现在分词的动词有：shop,stop,drop,run,get,sit,dig,put,begin,swim,chat,prefer,hit,let,babysit练习：carrycatchdrinkenjoyhurrycarryingcatchingdrinkingenjoyinghurryingcomechatstopridewritecomingchattingstoppingridingwritinghitletpu

11、tshopbeginhittinglettingputtingshoppingbeginning（四）用法1、表示过去某一段时间内持续进行的动作或者事情。常用的时间状语thismorning,thewholemorning,alldayyesterday,fromninetotenlastevenin萌。e.g.WewerewatchingTVfromseventoninelastnight昨天晚上七点至U九点的时候我们在看电视。WhatwasheresearchingalldaylastSunday?周日他一整天都在研究什么？Mybrotherfellwhilehewasridinghisb

12、icycleandhurthimself.我哥哥骑自行车的时候从车上摔下来，受伤了。Itwasrainingwhentheyleftthestation他们离开车站的时候天正在下雨。2、表示在过去某个时间点正在发生的事情。时间点可以用介词短语或从句来表示。e.g.Whatwasshedoingatnineo'clockyesterday?天晚上九点她在做什么（介词短语表示时间点）WhenIsawhimhewasdecoratinghisroomS我看见他的时候他正在装饰房问。（when引导的从句表示时间点）3、在复合句中，如果主要动作和背景动作是延续的或同时发生的，那么主从句的动词都可

13、用过去进行时，连词常用whileoe.g.Whilehewaswaitingforthebus,hewasreadinganewspaper.他边等车边看报。（两个动作都是延续的）HewascleaninghiscarwhileIwascooking.他擦车时我在做饭。（两个动作同时进行）4、在英语中，当两个动作在过去某时间同时发生时，通常动作持续时间较长的动词用过去进行时，表示另一动作发生的背景；而另一动词则用一般过去时，表示动作发生的事实。e.g.Theteachercameinwhenweweretalkingaloud.WhenIwaswatchingTVthismorning,the

14、telephonerang.练习：【温馨提示】（1）表示两个延续性动作在过去某一时刻同时进行，不考虑动作的先后顺序,主句和从句的谓语动词都用过去进行时，连词常用while。仔J如：Thestudentswerereadingwhiletheteacherwasgradingtheirhomework.学生们在看书，而老师在批改他们的家庭作业。（2）在含有时间状语从句的复合句中，延续时间较长的动作用过去进行时，另一个短暂性动作用一般过去时。例如：MypendroppedonthegroundwhenIwaswalkinginthepark.在公园散步的时候，我的钢笔掉到地上了。5、过去进行时和a

15、lways,constantly（不断地）,continually（频繁地）,forever,allthetime,repeatedly等表示动作屡次发生的副词连用时，蕴含较强的感情色彩，此时的进行时态已不强调动作正在进行。翻译：Shewasalwaysthinkingofothersft老是想到别人。（表示赞扬）Heisforevergoingonline.一篇杲爱卜网°（表示不满）6、通常不能用于过去进行时的动词主要有：agree,be,believe,belong,care,forget,hate,have(ffl有)，hear,know,like,love,mean,mind

16、,notice,own,remember,seem,suppose,understand,want,wish感官动词：hear,see,notice,feel,taste表示态度感情的动词：like,love,hate表心理状态：feel,want,prefer表占有：own,have,表存在状态和持续：look,owe,bee.g.误：Iwasknowingtheanswer.正：Iknewtheanswer.我知道答案。判断正误：误：Iwasn'tunderstandinghim.正：Ididn'tunderstandhim.我不明白他的意思。(五)做题时常见错误如下：1、

17、易把be+现在分词记成be+过去分词例：Hewastalked(talk)tohismumatthattime.答案：wastalking解析：过去进行时与现在进行时结构上的区别体现在be动词上。2、丢掉be动词或忘记把动词变成现在分词例：(1)Iwatching(watch)TVwhenhecamein.(2)Theywereplay(play)gamesat500p.m.yesterday.答案：(1)waswatching(2)wereplaying解析：现在进行时中“be现在分词，缺一不可”的规律也可应用于过去进行时。3、对动词或动词词组提问时丢掉doing例：Wewereflying

18、kitesat5:00p.m.yesterday.(对划线部分提问)Whatwereyouat5:00p.m.yesterday?答案：Whatwereyoudoingat5:00p.m.yesterday?解析：现在进行时中“Whatdoing”向式同样适用于过去进行时。4、易与现在进行时弄混例：Mymotheriscooking(cook)whenIgothome.答案：wascooking解析：这两种时态的共同点是都表示动作正在进行，但现在进行时前提是现在，而过去进行时前提是过去，由whenIgothome可看出前提是过去。5、易与一般过去时弄混例：昨晚我在读一本故事书。Iread（re

19、ad）astorybookyesterdayevening答案：wasreading解析：这两种时态的共同点是都用于表示过去发生的动作。但过去进行时强调动作正在进行，而一般过去时则表示过去某一时间所发生的动作或存在的状态，它表示的动作往往已经完成。在”说明正在进行，而“Ireadastorybookyesterdayevening”的意思是昨晚我读了一本故事书，言下之意已经读完了。故用过去进行时。另外，在宾语从句中当主句为过去时，从句若是现在进行时，需变成过去进行时。e.g.Hesaidthathewasdrawingacatatnoonyesterday过去进行时与一般过去时的区别：1、过去

20、进行时表示过去某时间正在进行或持续的动作，强调过程，不一定完成;一般过去时往往表示过去某一动作已经完成。e.g.ThechildrenwerewatchingTVyesterdayevening乍天整晚孩子们者B在看电视。（可能没看完）ThechildrenwatchedTVyesterdayevening昨天晚上孩子们看电视了。（看完了）Iwastypingaletterlastnight.昨晚我在打一封信？（可能没打完）Itypedsomeletterslastnight.我昨晚打了一些信？（已经打完）2、一般过去时表示只做一次动作，而过去进行时却表示动作反复地进行。e.g.Themanj

21、umpedintothepoor®个人跳入了水池。ThemanwasjumpingintothepoorIB个人一直用k个不停。3、当叙述过去发生的事，尤其是过程中发生的一系列动作时，就必须用一般过去时。e.g.Iwokeupatsix.ThenIgotup,andwashup.AtsevenIcamedownstairsforbreakfast.我6点醒来，然后起床洗漱，7点下楼吃早饭。练习：1、Maryadresswhenshecutherfinger.A.madeB.ismakingC.wasmakingD.makes答案C.割伤手指是已发生的事情，应用过去时。同时，when表

22、时间的同时性，玛丽在做衣服时”提供事情发生的背景，因此用过去进行时。2、Asshethenewspaper,Grannyasleep.A.read;wasfallingB.wasreading;fellC.wasreading;wasfallingD.read;fell答案B.句中的as=when,while,意为"当之时"。描述一件事发生的背景时，用过去进行；一个长动作发生的时候，另一个短动作发生。句意为"在她看报纸时，奶奶睡着了。"句中的fell（fall的过去时），是系动词，后跟形容词，如：fallsick。3、What_she_atnineo&#

23、39;clockyesterday?Adid;doB.was;doingC.is;doingD.were;doingB4、WhenI_him,he_hisroom.A.wasseeing;decoratedB.saw;wasdecoratingC.saw;decorateD.saw;decoratingB【典型例题讲解】()1.Iamuseumwithmyfriendsatthistimeyesterday.A.amvisitingB.wasvisitingC.visitedD.willvisit()2.Heissmalltoschool.A.too;togoB.can't;goC.t

24、oo;goD.so;togo()3.ManypeoplereadnewspapersonthetraintothetimeinBritain.A.saveB.wasteC.passD.take()4.ItwasraininghardIgotupthismorning.A.ifB.whenC.afterD.until()5.Look!Thegirlisplayingwithasnake.Howsheis!A.braveB.happyC.strongD.excited()6.Theoldmandiedacoldsnowynight.A.inB.on()7.Youlookverysad.WhatIt

25、sOK.eTrheisA. somethingseriousC.nothingserious()8.“NowItoldyouasecret,A.withB.atC.atD.overswrong?B. serioussomethingD.seriousnothing”hesaidtomealowvoiceC.inD.use()9.Whichteamthematch,TeamOneorTeamTwo?TeamOneTeamTwo.A.won;wonB.beat;beatC.beat;wonD.won;beat()10.Ifeeltired,butIdontwanttostop.A.workB.to

26、workC.worksD.working【随堂练习巩固】.情景交际。(5分)在下列横线上填入适当的句子，补全对话。(Anewweekreturns.LisaandMariameetatschool).Hi,Maria.Gladtoseeyou!Hi,Lisa!Gladtoseeyou,too.Itwasweekendyesterday.11.Ididmyhomeworkandthenhelpedmymotherdosomehousework.12.From8:00a.m.to9:00a.m.?Oh,Iwasplayingthepiano. Wow,youworksohard!13. Yes.T

27、obeamusicianlikeLanglangismydreamallthetime. Wishyousuccess!14. Imgoingtotheschoollibrary.15.sgo.Yes,I'dloveto.Letm.完形填空。(10分)Lastweek,Ihadawonderfulsummercampwithmyclassmates.We16atthebusstationearlyinthemorning.Aftersaying17toourparents,wegotonthebus.We18twohoursarrivingatthecampground.Whenweg

28、otthere,everyonegotoffthebus19,laughingandshouting.Wejumpedandranaroundthecampground.Itwasthe20timeforustobeawayfromparents.Sosomeofusbegantofeelhomesick(想家的).21,whenthenightpartyanddancesbegan,thehomesicknessdisappeared.Thenextday,wehada22ofclimbingamountain.Atfirst,weclimbedquickly.Butonthehalfway

29、,wewereso23thatwewouldliketogiveup.Ourteacher24cheeringuson.Webelievedthatwecoulddobetterthanothers.Finally,wedidwellandmyteamwonthematch.“25isdifficultintheworldifyoukeeptrying“saidourteacher.IalsolearntalotfromthecampI()16.A.leftB.sawC.metD.got()17.A.goodbyeB.sorryC.yesD.hello()18.A.tookB.spentC.p

30、aidD.cost()19.A.cheerfullyB.bravelyC.sadlyD.warmly()20.A.oneB.firstC.lastD.finally()21.A.AndB.OrC.HoweverD.So()22.A.interestB.ideaC.chanceD.match()23.A.tiredB.excitedC.happyD.active()24.A.stoppedB.keptC.enjoyedD.preferred()25.A.SomethingB.EverythingC.NothingD.Anything【课后强化练习】IV.阅读理解。（30分）(A)MikeandD

31、ickworkinthesameoffice.Theydon'tlikethecolAweatheronedaytheydecidedtotaketheirholidayinAustralia.TheirplanearrivedinSydneyatnineinthemorning.Theyhadagoodrestinahotel.Thenextmorningtheyrented（租）acarinthecityandbegantheirtravel.Afewhourslater,thesunwasshiningintheskyandtherewerenoshadetree遨阴树）besi

32、detheroad.Itwassohotthattheycouldhardlygoondriving.Theyhadtostoptolookaround.Mikefoundariverabouthalfakilometerawayfromthem.Theywerebothveryhappyanddrovethecarquickly.Soontheygottotheriver.Beforetheyjumpedintothewater,Dicksawaboyplayingunderabigtree.Heasked,“ArethereanyshthnksriVer,boy?”“No,thereare

33、nt,”answeredtheboy.Sotheybegantoswimintheriver.Afte,rDaicwkhilefeltsomethinghitagainsthisleg.HetoldMikeaboutit.Theywereafraidandstoppedswimming.Dickaskedloudly,“Isittruethattherearentanysharksintheriver?sir,"saidtheboy,“There'realotofCroCodinethewater.Allthesharkshaveswumaway!”根据短文内容，回答问题。2

34、6. .WhendidtheyarriveinSydney?27. Whatwastheweatherlikethenextday?28.Whatdidtheydointheriver?29. AsharkhitDiCksleg,didntit?30. Whywerentthereanysharksintheriver?第11页B)WhenAbrahamLincolnwasjustaboy,hehadtohelphisfathertolookaftertheirfarm.Itwashardworkandtherewasnhingintetraensytitngforhim.Abrahamwan

35、tedtogotoschool,buttherewasnoschoolthere.Hewassadmostofthetime.Mrs.Lincolnlovedtheboyverymuch.ShetriedherbesttomakeAbrahamhappy.Onemorningshegotupearlyandwenttothetown.Itwasalongway,soittookheralongtimetogetthere.Sheboughtsomethingthereandwentback.Itwaslateintheeveningwhenshegothome.ThenextmorningMr

36、s.LincolnsaidtoAbraham,“Todaiysyourbirthday,soweregoingtohaveaparty.Smheefopoudtsoonthetable,andthenbroughtoutapresent.“Abook!”Abrahamcried.Itwasanoldbook,buthelikedit.Asmilecameonhisface.HelookedupatMrs.Lincolnandsaid,“Thankyou,Mom.”根据短文内容，选择正确答案。()31.AbrahamLincolnsfatherwa_s_a.A.farmerB.soldierC.

37、workerD.teacher()32.AbrahamLincolncouldntgotoschoolbecause.A.hisfamilyhadnomoneyB.hismotherwantedtoteachhimherselfC.hedidntlikeschoolD.therewasnoschoolnearhishome()33.OnthefarmmostofthetimelittleLincolnwas.A.happyB.unhappyC.worriedD.angry()34.IttookMrs.Lincolntomakeatriptothetown.A.awholedayB.aquart

38、erofadayC.threehoursD.twodays()35.WhatwasthepresentforAbrahamsbirthday?A.Amooncake.B.Anewbook.C.Anoldbook.D.Aschoolbag.(C)BeijingOperaisournationalplay.Youcanlearnthemusic,danceandartwhenyouenjoyBeijingOpera.Ithasalonghistoryandisveryfamousaroundtheworld.InordertomakeBeijingOperawiderandmakethemiddl

39、eschoolstudentsloveanddevelop(发展)ourChineseculture,ourcountrymakesaproject.ThatistotakeBeijingOperaintostudentsmusicclasses.NowmanystudentscanenjoyBeijingOperainclass.However,onlyafewpeoplethinkit'importantandusefulformiddleschoolstudentsMostpeoplethinkthatstudentsareverybusywiththeirlessonsandi

40、t'wasteoftimetolearnBeijingOpera.MostpeopleareafraidthatsomemusicteachersknowlittleaboutBeijingOperaanditshistory.Mostparentsalwaysask“Isitusforchildren'sfuturetolearnBeijingOpera?”WeneedalongwaytogotomakeBeijingOperacomeintoclasses.根据短文内容，完成任务。任务一：判断正误。()36.Manypeopleagreewiththecountry'

41、;sproject.()37.MostpeoplethinkstudentsaretoobusytolearnBeijingOpera.任务二：将画线句子译成中文。38.任务三：选择正确答案。()39.WhichofthefollowingstatementsisTRUE?A. LearningBeijingOperacanmakestudentslearnaboutChineseculture.B. SomepeoplethinkBeijingOperacanhelpstudentslittle.C. BeijingOperahasalonghistoryinChina.D. BothA,B

42、andC.任务四：回答问题。40.Doyouthinkit'shelpfulformiddleschoolssudelearnBeijingOpera?why?第三部分写作（25分）1 .词汇。（10分）（A）根据句意及首字母提示补全单词。1. IfeelhandIwanttoeatsomething.2. IlikelisteningtoYangKun'ssongsbecausehisivdsbeautifuo3. Everymorningtheclockmakesmewup.4. IwanttobeaupersonforthesocietywhenIgrowup.5. Be

43、ijingroastdisfamousallovertheworld.（B）根据句意及汉语提示填空。6. Thewoman出售）outthevegetablesinashorttime.7. Itwas焦暗的）,butthefarmerswerestillworkinghardonthefarm.8. Mylittlesonlikestocollect（火柴）boxes.9. IvisitedtheNational（博物馆）ofChinawithmyclassmateslastSunday.10. Iwantedtoplaycomputergamesafterfinishingmyhomewo

44、rk,butmymotherdidn'tM意）.n.句型转换。（5分）11. Iwasmakingmodelplaneswhenmymothercameback.（对画线部分提问）whenyourmothercameback?12. Ithinkclassicalmusicisboring.（改为否定旬）Iclassicalmusicisboring.13. Mymotherwasdoingthedishesatthattime.（同义句转换）Mymotherwasatthattime.14. Hereadastory-booklastnight.（改为过去进行时）Heastorybo

45、okateighto'clocklastnight.15. Hewasn'toldenoughtogotoschooH仪句转换）Hewasyounggotoschool.书面表达。（10分）以“HowdidyouspendlastSunday?Didyouhaveagoodtime?WhatwereyoudoingatdifferenttimeslastSunday?为内容，写'一篇80词左右的短文。提示：watchamovie,climbmountains,playbasketball,visitfriends,playcomputergames,dohousewor

46、k.,happy,excited,sad.1. B由atthistimeyesterday时间状语可知,动作或事件是持续地发生在过去的某一个确切时间内。此类情况要用过去进行时态来表示。故选B。2. A考查固定搭配tooto太而不能”。故选A。3. C根据句意英国人习惯在火车上看报纸来打发时间"，而passthetime有“排遣、打发时间”的意思，故选C。4. B根据题意“一个动作发生时,另一个动作正在进行”可知when为正确答案。其他答案不能表示主句在进行的状态。故选B。5. A根据句意“一个女孩在玩蛇”可知“她是一个大胆的人”，故选A。6. B特指某一天的上午、下午或晚上常用on,

47、故选Bo7. C由It'sOK反推病情不是很严重”，而且修饰不定代词的形容词必须后置,可排除A、B和D。8. C根据短语inalowvoice是“低声说（秘密）”可知，故选C。9. D根据短语“win赛事（活动）”和“beat+赛主体”可知，故选D。10. Dstoptodosth.指的是“停下来,去做另一件事情”,stopdoingsth.是指“把正在做的事情停下来”根据句意不能选B,A、C均不能与stop搭配，故选Don.11.Whatdidyoudo?12. Whatwereyoudoingfrom8:00a.m.to9:00a.m.yesterday?13. Areyougoingtobeamusicianwhenyougrowup?14. Whereareyougoingnow?15. Wouldyouliketojoinme?m.16.c根据句意同学们早晨在车站