学习with复合宾语结构和独立主格结构

1、12（一）： 独立主格结构的构成： 名词(代词)+现在分词、过去分词；名词(代词)+形容词；名词(代词)+副词；名词(代词) +介词短语构成。（二） 独立主格结构的特点：1）独立主格结构的逻辑主语与句子的主语不 同，它独立存在。2）名词或代词与后面的分词，形容词，副词，不定 式，介词等是主谓关系。3）独立主格结构一般有逗号与主句分开。31、逻辑主语+V-ing这种构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作执行者，分词表示的动作不是整句主语发出的动作，而是其逻辑主语发出的动作。如：1._no bus, we had to walk home.A.There being B.Being C.Having

2、been D.There was2._no bus, we had to walk home.A.As there being B.As there was C.Being D.There was3._Sunday, the library doesnt open. A.Being B.There being C.It being D.Having been4._Sunday, the library doesnt open.A.As it being B.Being C.It is D.As it is42、逻辑主语+V-ed该构成形式内部的逻辑主语是分词的动作承受者。如：1._, the

3、train started.A.The signal given B.Giving the signal B.The signal being given D.The signal giving2._, the train started.A.After having given the signal B.After the signal given C.Giving the signal D.After the signal was given3._, the text became easier for us to learn. A.Explaining new words B.New w

4、ords explained C.Being explained new words D.Having explained new words4._, the text became easier for us to learn.A. When new words were explained B.Explaining new words C.New words explaining D.Being explained new words53、逻辑主语+形容词（副词）该结构相当于一个未带动词的“主系表”结构。如：1._, the patient can leave the hospital.A

5、.Better conditions B.Conditions better C.Conditions are better D.Being better conditions2._, the patient can leave the hospital.A.If better conditions B.If conditions better C.If conditions are better D.Being better conditions3._, wed like to go outing.A.Being Sunday B.Sunday OK C.Sunday is OK D.If

6、Sunday OK4._, wed like to go outing.A.If Sunday is OK B.Sunday being OK C.Sunday OK D.A,B and C64、逻辑主语+介词短语该结构相当于不带动词的“主系介词短语”结构。如：1.The boy followed the nobleman here, _.A. a sword in hand B. a sword in his hand C. being a sword in hand D. sword in hand2.The boy followed the nobleman here _. with a

7、 sword in his hand B. with a sword in hand C.with a sword being in hand D. a sword being in hand3.He left the office, _.A.tears being in eyes B.tears in eyes C.being tears in eyes D.with tears being in eyes4.He left the office _.A.with tears being in eyes B.with tears in her eyes C.being tears in ey

8、es D.tears being in eyes7二、独立主格结构在整句中可作以下成分： 1、原因状语该结构在句中作原因状语时相当于一个原因状语从句。如：1._ no bus, we had to walk home.A.There being B.As there was C.There was D.A and B2._Sunday, the library doesnt open.A.It being B.As it is C.Being D.A and B3._, I had to ask for two days leave.A.Mother being ill B.Mother il

9、l C.As mother was ill D. A,B and C4._, we have to work late into the night.A.The exam near B.The exam being near C.As the exam is near D. A,B and C 82、时间状语独立主格结构作时间状语时相当于一个由when, as soon as, after等引导的时间状语从句。如：1._, the train started. A.The signal given B.After the signal was given C.Given the signal

10、D.A and B2._, the text became easier for us to learn. A. New words explained B.When new words were explained C.When teacher explained new words D.all above93、条件状语独立主格结构作条件状语时可以改为由if引导的条件状语从句。如：1._, well go to visit the Great Wall.A.Weather permitting B.If weather permits C.If permitting D.A and B2._

11、, the patient will recover himself soon.A.If the treatment is in time B.The treatment in time C.The treatment being in time D.A,B and C104、伴随状语独立主格结构作伴随状语时相当于一个介词短语或并列谓语。如：1.We have lessons every day, _. A.Sunday included B.Sunday including C.Sunday is including D.all the above2.The boy fell asleep,

12、_.A.cap on head B.with a cap on head C.a cap on was on head D. all the above3.Father came home,_A.a dog following him B.a dog followed him C.being followed by a dog D.all the above11with + 复合宾语结构常见类型及其用法 “with + 复合宾语”结构是指“with +宾语（名词或代词）+ 非谓语动词（分词、不定式）、介词短语、形容词或副词等”所构成的一种介词短语。该结构内部若是动词，则其非谓语形式的选用要注意

13、三点：若内部动词表示将来（无论主动还是被动），则用不定式；若内部动词表示被动且属过去，则用过去分词；若内部动词表示持续主动动作，则用现在分词。该结构在句子中可以作以下几种成分：121、原因状语1.With the man _ us ahead, we had no trouble finding the village.A.to guide B.guiding C.guided D.to have guide2.With a lot of work_, she doesnt have time to rest. A.to do B.to be done C.doing D.done3.With

14、 the machine _all the time, we finished harvesting crops in time.A.to work B.worked C.working D.being working132、时间状语1.The street looks more beautiful with all the lights _.A.are on B.on C.to be on D.been on2.With our problem _, we all felt happy.A.to settle B.to be settled C.settled D.being settled

15、3.With his work_, the secretary began to walk home. A.to do B.doing C.done D.to be done143、伴随状语1.She left the offices with tears _.A.in her eyes B.in eyes B.being in eyes D.to be in eyes2.The man found the door with both his eyes _.A.to be closed B.being closed C.closed D.closing3.We felt uncomforta

16、ble with two waitresses_. standing by B.to be standing by C.stood by D.being standing by4.The murderer was brought in, with his hands_. A.to be tied behind B. tied behind C.tying behind D.being tied behind5.You cant see well _.A. with the glasses on B.being on the glasses C.with the glasses to be on D.with the glasses 154、后置定语1.Do you know the man _ a book