【一轮收尾二轮起航】2014届高三英语名师语法专练课件：动词和动词短语+（考情前瞻+热点探究+真题变式+高效演练+名师技能策略均为2013年高考题及模拟题77）

1、动词和动词短语年份年份数量数量考点考点201320122011动词辨析动词辨析9710动词短语辨析动词短语辨析1313131. (2013浙江高考浙江高考)When the group discussion is nearing its end, make sure to _ it with important points. A. conclude B. leadC. avoid D. hold【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词辨析。句意：当小组讨论接近尾声。考查动词辨析。句意：当小组讨论接近尾声时，一定要以重点而结束。时，一定要以重点而结束。conclude结束；结束；lead指导指导, 指引

2、；指引；avoid避免；避免；hold抓住抓住, 握住。故选握住。故选A。2. (2013江苏高考江苏高考)The town is so beautiful! I just love it. Me too. The character of the town is well _. A. qualified B. preserved C. decorated D. simplified【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词辨析。句意：。考查动词辨析。句意：这个城镇真美！这个城镇真美！我很喜欢。我很喜欢。我也一样。这个城镇的特色保持得很好。我也一样。这个城镇的特色保持得很好。qualify有资格，合格；有

3、资格，合格；preserve保护，保持，腌制；保护，保持，腌制；decorate装饰；装饰；simplify使简化。使简化。3. (2013天津高考天津高考)If you are in trouble, Mike is always willing to _ a hand. A. lend B. shake C. wave D. want【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词辨析。句意：如果你有困难，迈克。考查动词辨析。句意：如果你有困难，迈克总是愿意伸出援手。总是愿意伸出援手。lend借；借；shake摇动；摇动；wave挥手；挥手；want想。想。lend a hand帮忙。帮忙。4. (2013

4、新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)Try not to cough more than you can _ since it may cause problems to your lungs. A. check B. allow C. stop D. help【解析【解析】选选D。考查动词辨析。句意：尽量能控制咳嗽就别。考查动词辨析。句意：尽量能控制咳嗽就别咳嗽，因为会伤到肺。咳嗽，因为会伤到肺。check检查；检查；allow允许；允许；stop停止；停止；help帮助。帮助。can help (doing) sth. 表示表示“阻止或避免阻止或避免(做做)某事某事”。5. (2013新课标全国卷新

5、课标全国卷)The watch was very good, and he _ 20 percent down for it. A. paid B. cost C. bought D. spent【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词辨析。句意：这块表很好，他八折。考查动词辨析。句意：这块表很好，他八折买的。买的。pay +money +for sth. 为某物付多少钱；为某物付多少钱；cost表示表示“花花费费”时，主语是物不是人；时，主语是物不是人；buy sb. sth. /buy sth. for sb. 为某为某人买某物；人买某物；spend +money+on sth. /in doing

6、 sth. 在某物在某物/做某做某事上花多少钱。故选事上花多少钱。故选A。6. (2013江西高考江西高考)She _ the carpet with some very nice curtains in colour. A. connected B. fittedC. equipped D. matched【解析【解析】 选选D。考查动词辨析。句意：在颜色上，她把地毯。考查动词辨析。句意：在颜色上，她把地毯和好看的窗帘搭配起来。和好看的窗帘搭配起来。connect联系，连接；联系，连接；fit安装；安装；equip装备；装备；match相称，搭配。根据句意，选相称，搭配。根据句意，选D。7.

7、 (2013福建高考福建高考)Michelle found a job as a high school teacher which _ spending quite a lot of time with students. A. enjoys B. involvesC. practices D. suggests【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词辨析。句意：米歇尔找到了一份当。考查动词辨析。句意：米歇尔找到了一份当高中老师的工作，这份工作涉及和学生一起度过许多时间。高中老师的工作，这份工作涉及和学生一起度过许多时间。involve包含，涉及；包含，涉及；enjoy享受，喜欢；享受，喜欢；prac

8、tice练习；练习；suggest建议，暗示。建议，暗示。8. (2013湖北高考湖北高考)While intelligent people can often _ the complex, a fool is more likely to complicate the simple. A. sacrifice B. substitute C. simplify D. survive【解析【解析】选选C。考查动词辨析。句意：智者经常能够简化复。考查动词辨析。句意：智者经常能够简化复杂的问题，而愚人更可能把简单的事情复杂化。杂的问题，而愚人更可能把简单的事情复杂化。sacrifice牺牲；牺牲；

9、substitute替代，顶替；替代，顶替；simplify简化；简化；survive幸存下来。根幸存下来。根据句意可知选据句意可知选C项。项。9. (2013湖北高考湖北高考)According to the law, all foreigners have to _ with the local police within two weeks of arrival. A. associate B. dispute C. negotiate D. register【解析【解析】选选D。考查动词辨析。句意：依据法律，所有的外。考查动词辨析。句意：依据法律，所有的外国人在到达后的两周内必须到当地

10、的警察局注册登记。国人在到达后的两周内必须到当地的警察局注册登记。associate联系联系, 结交；结交；dispute争论；争论；negotiate谈判；谈判；register登登记，注册。根据句意可知选记，注册。根据句意可知选D项。项。10. (2013新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight? A. come along B. come offC. come across D. come through【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：今晚你愿意和我。考查动词短语辨析。句意：今晚你愿意和我们一起

11、去看电影吗？们一起去看电影吗？come along一起来，出现，进展，赶快；一起来，出现，进展，赶快；come off实现，举行；实现，举行；come across被理解，偶然碰到；被理解，偶然碰到；come through传出，恢复。传出，恢复。11. (2013浙江高考浙江高考)Bears _ fat stores throughout the summer and fall to have energy enough to last them through their winter sleep. A. pack up B. build upC. bring up D. take up【

12、解析【解析】选选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：熊在整个夏天和。考查动词短语辨析。句意：熊在整个夏天和秋天积蓄脂肪以便有足够的精力度过冬眠期。秋天积蓄脂肪以便有足够的精力度过冬眠期。pack up停止，停止，收工；收工；build up逐渐增加；逐渐增加；bring up抚养，使抚养，使长大；长大；take up开始从事，占据开始从事，占据(时间、空间等时间、空间等)。故选。故选 B。12. (2013天津高考天津高考)I had hoped to take a holiday this year, but I wasnt able to _. A. get away B. drop inC. c

13、heck out D. hold on【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我原本希望今年。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我原本希望今年去度假的，但是我没能休假。去度假的，但是我没能休假。get away离开，逃脱，休假；离开，逃脱，休假；drop in(顺便顺便)拜访；拜访；check out检查，结账离开；检查，结账离开；hold on坚持，坚持，别挂断。根据句意选别挂断。根据句意选A。13. (2013陕西高考陕西高考)My uncle hasnt been able to quit smoking, but at least he has _. A. cut out B. cut d

14、ownC. cut up D. cut off【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我叔叔一直没能。考查动词短语辨析。句意：我叔叔一直没能把烟戒掉，但是至少他抽烟少了。把烟戒掉，但是至少他抽烟少了。cut out停止运转，删去；停止运转，删去；cut down砍倒，缩减；砍倒，缩减；cut up切碎；切碎；cut off切断，切除。根据切断，切除。根据句意，应选句意，应选B。14. (2013新课标全国卷新课标全国卷)At the last moment, Tom decided to _ a new character to make the story seem more like

15、ly. A. put up B. put inC. put on D. put off【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：在最后一刻，汤。考查动词短语辨析。句意：在最后一刻，汤姆决定添加一个新的角色以使故事感觉更真实。姆决定添加一个新的角色以使故事感觉更真实。put up举起，举起，建立；建立；put in 加入，放入；加入，放入；put on穿上，上演；穿上，上演；put off 推迟。推迟。15. (2013安徽高考安徽高考)Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themse

16、lves before they _ on their life journey. A. give up B. settle downC. get through D. set off【解析【解析】选选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：传统上认为，大。考查动词短语辨析。句意：传统上认为，大学生举行毕业典礼是为了在他们开始生活之旅之前为自己加学生举行毕业典礼是为了在他们开始生活之旅之前为自己加油助威。油助威。set off动身，出发；动身，出发；give up放弃；放弃；settle down定居，定居，平静下来，专心于；平静下来，专心于；get through完成，接通完成，接通(电话等电话等)。1

17、6. (2013辽宁高考辽宁高考)Briggs will _ as general manager when Mitchell retires. A. get away B. take overC. set off D. run out【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词短语辨析。句意：。考查动词短语辨析。句意：Mitchell退休后退休后Briggs将接替她任总经理。将接替她任总经理。get away离开，脱身，逃掉；离开，脱身，逃掉；take over接替，接管；接替，接管；set off动身，出发；动身，出发；run out用光，用尽。用光，用尽。17. (2013江西高考江西高考)Mothe

18、r always complains that children _ their shoes very quickly. A. find out B. wash outC. wear out D. set out【解析【解析】 选选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意：母亲总是抱怨孩。考查动词短语辨析。句意：母亲总是抱怨孩子们把鞋穿破得太快了。子们把鞋穿破得太快了。find out找出，查明；找出，查明；wash out洗干洗干净，洗掉；净，洗掉；wear out穿破；穿破；set out动身，出发。动身，出发。18. (2013江苏高考江苏高考)Team leaders must ensure tha

19、t all members_ their natural desire to avoid the embarrassment associated with making mistakes. A. get over B. look over C. take over D. come over 【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意：团队领导应该确。考查动词短语辨析。句意：团队领导应该确保所有成员克服他们的想避免因犯错而产生尴尬的天性。保所有成员克服他们的想避免因犯错而产生尴尬的天性。get over克服，解决；克服，解决；look over查看，检查；查看，检查；take over接管，

20、接接管，接任；任；come over过来，顺便来访，改变立场。过来，顺便来访，改变立场。热点考向热点考向 1 动词词义辨析动词词义辨析 1. 主要考点主要考点: 考查常见动词词义辨析。强调语言的情境化考查常见动词词义辨析。强调语言的情境化, 把把动词放在鲜活的语境中进行考查。动词放在鲜活的语境中进行考查。2. 突破技巧突破技巧: 这类试题的四个选项往往结构相同这类试题的四个选项往往结构相同, 词形或意义词形或意义相近。要做好这类试题相近。要做好这类试题, 必须从各个动词的语意差别、用法特必须从各个动词的语意差别、用法特点等方面入手点等方面入手, 然后结合题意选用合适的动词。然后结合题意选用合适

21、的动词。【真题变式【真题变式】根据提示完成句子。根据提示完成句子。(2012天津高考天津高考)Parents and children should communicate more to _(缩小他们之间的隔缩小他们之间的隔阂阂)so that they can understand each other better. (2011江苏高考江苏高考)Are you still mad at her? Not really, but I _(不能否认不能否认)that her remarks hurt me. narrow the gap between themcan t deny热点考向热

22、点考向 2 高频动词短语意义辨析高频动词短语意义辨析 主要考点主要考点: 对动词短语意义的考查主要集中于高频的动词短对动词短语意义的考查主要集中于高频的动词短语语, 如如break, bring, call, come, get, go, make, take, turn, put, pick, hold, keep, look, carry, set, cut, show, pull等构成的短语等构成的短语需要特别关注需要特别关注: 1. breakbreak away from放弃放弃, 打破打破; 与与脱离关系脱离关系break down 发生故障发生故障; (计划、谈判计划、谈判)失败

23、失败; (精神、精神、 身体身体)垮掉垮掉; 分解分解break in 闯入闯入, 插嘴插嘴break into 闯入闯入break out (战争、瘟疫等战争、瘟疫等)爆发爆发, 突然发生突然发生break up 打碎打碎, 分手分手, 分开分开, 关系破裂关系破裂2. bringbring about 导致导致, 造成造成, 引起引起bring down 使倒下使倒下, 使降低使降低bring in 引进引进; 带来带来; 赚得赚得; 收获收获bring forward 提出提出; 提前提前bring out 出版出版; 生产生产; 使显现使显现bring up 抚养抚养, 教育教育; 提

24、出提出; 呕吐呕吐3. callcall for 要求要求; 需要需要; 去取或去接去取或去接call back 回电话回电话; 回忆起回忆起call in 召集召集; 请请; 召来召来; 顺便来访顺便来访call up 打电话给打电话给; 召集召集; 使想起使想起call off 取消取消call on 号召号召, 拜访拜访4. comecome about 发生发生come to 苏醒苏醒; 总计总计come across 偶遇偶遇; 无意中发现无意中发现come true 实现实现, 成为现实成为现实(不及物不及物)come out 出版出版; 结果是结果是come up (建议、计划等

25、建议、计划等)被提出被提出come up with 提出提出(建议、计划、方案等建议、计划、方案等)come on 口语口语(催促催促)快点快点; (鼓励鼓励)来吧来吧, 加油加油; (不耐烦不耐烦)得了得了, 算了吧算了吧! 5. getget across 解释清楚解释清楚; 使使被理解被理解get away from 避免避免; 摆脱摆脱, 逃离逃离get away with 侥幸成功侥幸成功; 侥幸做成侥幸做成get around 四处走动四处走动; 传播开来传播开来get down to 开始认真做某事开始认真做某事get along/on with 进展进展; 与与相处相处get

26、over 克服克服; 从从恢复或康复恢复或康复get rid of 摆脱摆脱; 除去除去get through 通过通过; 完成完成; 接通电话接通电话6. givegive away 赠送赠送; 泄露泄露; 分发分发give back 归还归还give in 屈服屈服; 让步让步; 投降投降; 认输认输give out 分发分发; 发出发出; 公布公布, 发表发表; 用尽用尽; 筋疲力尽筋疲力尽give up 放弃放弃, 对对不再抱有希望不再抱有希望7. gogo against违背违背; 不利于不利于; 反对反对go ahead开始开始(做某事做某事); (表示同意对方提出的要求或建表示同

27、意对方提出的要求或建 议议)说吧说吧! 做吧做吧! 开始吧开始吧! go around参观参观; (消息消息)传播传播go by 过去过去; 经过经过go down下降下降; 下沉下沉go on 继续继续; 发生发生; 进行进行go over 复习复习, 仔细检查仔细检查go through穿过穿过; 经历经历; 仔细检查仔细检查go with 与与相配相配go without没有没有也行也行8. holdhold back 犹豫不决犹豫不决; 隐瞒隐瞒; 阻止阻止; 抑制抑制hold on=hang on 别挂断电话别挂断电话; 等一会儿等一会儿; 坚持下去坚持下去hold out 坚持坚持

28、; 伸出伸出hold up 举起举起; 阻挡阻挡, 使耽搁使耽搁hold on to 紧紧抓住紧紧抓住; 保持保持, 保留保留; 不放弃不放弃9. keepkeep away from远离远离; 避开避开; 回避回避keep back 扣下扣下, 留下留下; 隐瞒隐瞒; 抑制抑制, 克制克制(感情感情)keep on 继续继续; 坚持下去坚持下去keep out of 置身于置身于之外之外; 不卷入不卷入, 不参与不参与; 避开避开keep up 保持保持; 继续继续; 不低落不低落keep up with 跟上跟上, 不落后不落后; 与与并驾齐驱并驾齐驱keep an eye out for

29、密切注意密切注意; 留心留心; 警惕警惕keep an eye on 照看照看, 留意留意; 密切注视密切注视10. leaveleave alone不打扰不打扰; 不理不理, 不管不管leave behind留下留下; 丢下丢下, 丢弃丢弃leave out遗漏遗漏, 忽略忽略11. looklook around 环顾四周环顾四周look away from 把目光从把目光从移开移开look into 调查调查; 窥视窥视look back on/upon 回忆回忆/回顾回顾look up 查找查找, 查询查询; 向上看向上看look up to 尊敬尊敬; 敬仰敬仰look down u

30、pon 歧视歧视, 看不起看不起look forward to 盼望盼望; 期待期待look through 浏览浏览; 快速查看快速查看look out(for) 当心当心, 留意留意, 小心小心look on 旁观旁观12. makemake use of 利用利用make up 组成组成; 编造编造; 化妆化妆; 和解和解make up for 补偿补偿; 弥补弥补make for 走向走向; 有助于有助于; 促成促成, 导致导致make sense 有意义有意义; 有道理有道理; 讲得通讲得通make sense of 理解理解; 弄明白弄明白make out 理解理解; 分辨出分辨出

31、, 辨认出辨认出make it 成功成功; 成功到达某地成功到达某地; 把某事确定在把某事确定在 某个时间某个时间13. putput aside 撇开撇开; 暂不考虑暂不考虑; 储蓄储蓄put away 收拾收拾, 整理整理; 储存储存put back 把把放回原处放回原处; 推迟推迟put forward 提出提出; 拨快拨快put down 记下记下, 写下写下, 镇压镇压put out 伸出伸出; 扑灭扑灭; 生产生产; 出版出版put up 建造建造, 张贴张贴; 提供住宿提供住宿put up with 忍受忍受; 容忍容忍put on 穿上穿上, 增加增加, 上演上演14. set

32、set aside 划出划出; 留出留出; 拨出拨出set about doing sth. 着手做某事着手做某事set out 出发出发, 动身动身set out to do sth. 着手做某事着手做某事set off 出发出发, 动身动身; 引起引起; 使爆炸使爆炸set up 建立建立(组织、机构组织、机构), 创立创立15. turnturn away 走开走开; 转过脸去转过脸去turn down 拒绝拒绝; 关小关小, 调低调低turn up 开大开大; 出现出现, 到场到场turn out 结果是结果是, 证明是证明是; 生产生产turn over 把把翻过来翻过来; 翻阅翻阅

33、, 仔细考虑仔细考虑turn against 反对反对; 背叛背叛turn to 转向转向; 求助于求助于16. taketake after 长得像某人长得像某人take apart 拆开拆开; 拆卸拆卸take back 收回收回, 撤销撤销take down 记下记下; 拆卸拆卸; 取下取下take away 带走带走, 拿走拿走, 剥夺剥夺take up 从事从事, 开始做开始做; 占据占据(时间、空间时间、空间); 着手处理着手处理; 接着做接着做(停顿的事情停顿的事情, 如谈话如谈话)take in 吸收吸收; 接受接受; 理解理解, 欺骗欺骗take off 起飞起飞; 脱下脱下

34、; 成功成功, 事业飞黄腾达事业飞黄腾达take on 呈现呈现; 具有具有; 承担承担; 雇用雇用take over 接管接管, 接收接收take advantage of 利用利用take it/things easy 放松放松, 别紧张别紧张take your time 慢慢来慢慢来, 别着急别着急take measures/steps to do sth. 采取措施做某事采取措施做某事take action 采取行动采取行动【真题变式【真题变式】根据汉语提示用正确的动词短语完成句子。根据汉语提示用正确的动词短语完成句子。(2012全国卷全国卷)Mary is really good a

35、t taking notes in class. She can _(记下记下)almost every word her teacher says. (2012福建高考福建高考)You had better _(留出留出)some time every day for sports so that you can keep yourself energetic. put down/set down/write downset aside (2012陕西高考陕西高考)He had to pause from time to time to wipe the sweat from his for

36、ehead, because the air-conditioning system _(出故障，出问题出故障，出问题). (2012浙江高考浙江高考)Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _(开始准备开始准备) your business plan. broke downset out to prepare/set about preparing /begin to prepare (2012四川高考四川高考)Its surprising that your brother _(学会学会) Russian so quick

37、lyhe hasnt lived there very long. (2011四川高考四川高考)To get a better grade, you should _(复习复习)the notes again before the test. (2011全国卷全国卷)I can _(忍受忍受)the house being untidy，but I hate it if its not clean. picked upgo overput up with热点考向热点考向 3 常见的系动词的用法常见的系动词的用法1. 表示变化类的系动词，如表示变化类的系动词，如become, go, turn,

38、 grow, get, fall, make等。等。2. 表示感觉类的系动词，如表示感觉类的系动词，如feel, smell, taste, look, sound等。等。3. 表示状态类的系动词，如表示状态类的系动词，如keep, remain, stand, stay, lie等。等。4. 表示表示“像像”类系动词，主要有类系动词，主要有seem, appear, look, 表示表示“看看起来，似乎，显得起来，似乎，显得”。5. 此类系动词的特点：此类系动词的特点：只适用于主动语态；只适用于主动语态；只用于一般只用于一般时态时态(一般现在时和一般过去时，不能用于进行时态一般现在时和一般过

39、去时，不能用于进行时态)。【真题变式【真题变式】理解下列句子中画线词的用法。理解下列句子中画线词的用法。(2012江西高考江西高考)We were all agreed that the cottage would make a perfect holiday home for the family. 【解析【解析】句中句中make为系动词，其后接名词作表语，意为为系动词，其后接名词作表语，意为“变变成，成为成，成为”。(2010四川高考四川高考)Some people eat with their eyes. They prefer to order what looks nice. 【解析

40、【解析】句中句中looks为系动词，其后接形容词作表语，意为为系动词，其后接形容词作表语，意为“看起来看起来”。热点考向热点考向 4 动词的熟词生义用法动词的熟词生义用法 很多动词在不同的语境中有不同的意义，有的是经常使很多动词在不同的语境中有不同的意义，有的是经常使用的意义，有些词的一些意义学生不熟悉，因此要进行专门用的意义，有些词的一些意义学生不熟悉，因此要进行专门复习，它们是：复习，它们是：1. act (熟义：熟义： v. & n. 行动行动)It will take several hours before the drug really acts. (生义生义: vi. 起

41、作用起作用)2. address (熟义：熟义： n. 地址；地址；vt. 写地址写地址)President Obama was scheduled to address the American people on the evening of May 7. (生义生义: vt. 向向做演说做演说)3. appreciate (熟义：熟义：vt. 欣赏，感激，感谢欣赏，感激，感谢)They soon appreciated that it must be a well-designed trap. (生生义义: v. 意识到意识到)4. attend (熟义：熟义：vt. 参加，出席参加，出

42、席) With several patients to attend that night, the nurse felt very tired. (生义生义: vt. 照料，照顾照料，照顾)With three kids attending high school in the town, the couple had to work day and night to earn more money. (生义生义: vt. 上学上学)5. count (熟义：熟义： n. & v. 计数，数计数，数)It is not what you are thinking but what y

43、ou are doing that counts. (生义生义: v. 重要，有价值重要，有价值)6. escape (熟义：熟义：vi. 逃跑，逃脱逃跑，逃脱)I saw a familiar face in the crowd. However, his name escaped me for the moment. (生义生义: vt. 被忘掉被忘掉)The harmful gases are escaping from the pipe. (生义生义: vi. 泄漏，泄漏，漏出漏出)7. fail (熟义：熟义： vi. 失败失败)Fresh vegetables used to fa

44、il in winter. (生义生义: vi. 不足，缺乏不足，缺乏)With time passing by, his memory is failing. (生义生义: vi. 衰退衰退)Try as the family might, they failed to find the lost child in the town. (生义生义: vi. 未能未能)8. introduce (熟义：熟义： vt. 介绍介绍)When tomatoes were first introduced into Europe, they didnt accept them at all. (生义生

45、义: vt. 引入引入)9. make (熟义：熟义：vt. 制造制造)New laws have been made to protect the interests of the farmers. (生义生义: vt. 制定制定)He is making his own trouble by doing this. (生义生义: vt. 引起，导引起，导致，造成致，造成)She will make a great teacher. (生义生义: vt. 成为，使形成成为，使形成)10. observe (熟义：熟义： vt. 观察观察)Having lived abroad for man

46、y years, he still observed the old traditions and customs. (生义生义: vt. 遵守遵守)Every year, we will observe the traditional Spring Festival in different ways. (生义生义: vt. 庆祝庆祝)11. promise (熟义：熟义：v. &n. 许诺，承诺，诺言许诺，承诺，诺言)The young man promises to be a great thinker in the future. (生义生义: vi. 有有的希望，有的希望，有

47、的可能性的可能性)12. work (熟义：熟义： v. & n. 工作工作)The medicine will soon work. (生义生义: vi. 起作用起作用)The machine works very well. (生义：生义：vi. 运转运转)【真题变式【真题变式】正确理解下面画线动词的含义。正确理解下面画线动词的含义。(2012浙江高考浙江高考)According to scientists, our mental abilities begin to decline from the age of 27 after reaching the highest lev

48、el at 22. 【解析【解析】从本句中的从本句中的after reaching the highest level at 22可知，可知，这里指人的思维能力从这里指人的思维能力从27岁开始岁开始“下降或衰退下降或衰退”。(2011全国卷全国卷)William found it increasingly difficult to read，for his eyesight was beginning to fail. 【解析【解析】学生一般理解学生一般理解fail一词意为一词意为“失败、不及格，未能做失败、不及格，未能做成成”，而在本句中，而在本句中fail则意为则意为“衰弱，减弱，消失，衰

49、退衰弱，减弱，消失，衰退”, 本句意为本句意为“威廉发现阅读越来越困难，因为他的视力开始下威廉发现阅读越来越困难，因为他的视力开始下降降”。【命题小试【命题小试】请根据以下内容命制一道考查动词短语辨析的题目。请根据以下内容命制一道考查动词短语辨析的题目。Mr. Richard was disappointed that many students who had signed up for the talent show dropped out at the last moment. 【参考答案【参考答案】Mr. Richard was disappointed that many stude

50、nts who had signed up for the talent show_at the last moment. A. left out B. got outC. passed out D. dropped out【解析【解析】选选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：理查德先生很失望，。考查动词短语辨析。句意：理查德先生很失望，很多报名参加这次才艺表演的学生，在最后时刻退出了。很多报名参加这次才艺表演的学生，在最后时刻退出了。leave out 遗漏，忽略；遗漏，忽略；get out 出去，离开，逃脱；出去，离开，逃脱；pass out 昏倒，失去知觉；昏倒，失去知觉；drop out 退出

51、，辍学。故正确选项为退出，辍学。故正确选项为D。易错点易错点 1 语境理解不清，造成短语误用语境理解不清，造成短语误用(母题母题)The police _to look into the case a week ago, but so far they havent found evidence that the man is guilty. A. set about B. set upC. set out D. set down【解析【解析】选选C。考查动词短语辨析。句意。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 警方一周前开始调警方一周前开始调查这一案件，但是到目前为止，他们还没有发现那个男子犯查这一案件

52、，但是到目前为止，他们还没有发现那个男子犯罪的证据。罪的证据。set out to do sth. 开始做某事，符合句子语境。开始做某事，符合句子语境。set about需要跟需要跟doing sth. 表示表示“开始做某事开始做某事”；set up建立，创建立，创立，成立；立，成立；set down写下，记下。故选写下，记下。故选C。(变式变式) Joan was unhappy because the news about the earthquake striking her country _ an attack of homesickness. A. set aside B. set

53、 outC. set about D. set off 【解析【解析】选选D。考查动词短语辨析。句意：。考查动词短语辨析。句意：Joan感到很不高兴，感到很不高兴，因为她的家乡遭受地震袭击的消息引起了她的思乡之情。因为她的家乡遭受地震袭击的消息引起了她的思乡之情。set aside留出，把留出，把搁在一边；搁在一边；set out 出发，起程；出发，起程；set about着手做某事；着手做某事；set off 引起，激起。故本题正确答案为引起，激起。故本题正确答案为D。【误区点拨【误区点拨】set aside留出留出(时间、金钱等时间、金钱等)；把；把搁在一边搁在一边set out to d

54、o sth. =set about doing sth. 着手做某事着手做某事set off出发，动身；引起，激起出发，动身；引起，激起 易错点易错点 2 动词的熟词生义用法误用动词的熟词生义用法误用(母题母题)(2011安徽高考安徽高考)As the story_, the truth about the strange figure is slowly discovered. A. begins B. happens C. ends D. develops【解析【解析】选选D。考查动词辨析。句意：随着故事的展开，那位。考查动词辨析。句意：随着故事的展开，那位奇特人物的真实情况被慢慢地揭示出

55、来。奇特人物的真实情况被慢慢地揭示出来。develop发展，展开。发展，展开。(变式变式)It was when Chuck Noland was deserted on a lonely island that he began to _friendship with a volleyball. A. preserve B. develop C. keep D. value 【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词辨析。句意：正是当。考查动词辨析。句意：正是当Chuck Noland被抛在一个荒岛上时，他开始和一只排球建立了友谊。被抛在一个荒岛上时，他开始和一只排球建立了友谊。develop frie

56、ndship with sb. 与某人建立友谊。与某人建立友谊。preserve 保存，保存，保持；保持；keep 保持；保持；value 珍惜。珍惜。【误区点拨【误区点拨】1. (2013天津模拟天津模拟)Changing the design of a new product maythe risk of its production in the market. A. bring aboutB. come aboutC. bring up D. come up【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词短语辨析。句意。考查动词短语辨析。句意: 改变一种新产品的改变一种新产品的设计可能在市场上会对其生产

57、造成风险。设计可能在市场上会对其生产造成风险。bring about导致导致, 产产生生; come about发生发生; bring up抚养抚养, 教育教育, 吐出吐出; come up过来过来, 故正确答案为故正确答案为A。2. The 2012 Nobel Prize in Literature wasto Chinese writer Mo Yan, whose novel Red Sorghum was successfully filmed in 1987. A. returned B. distributedC. abandoned D. awarded【解析【解析】选选D。考

58、查动词辨析。句意。考查动词辨析。句意: 2012年度诺贝尔文学奖年度诺贝尔文学奖被授予了中国作家莫言被授予了中国作家莫言, 他的小说他的小说红高粱红高粱在在1987年被成功年被成功拍成了电影。拍成了电影。return归还归还; distribute分布分布, 分配分配; abandon放弃放弃, 遗弃遗弃; award授予授予, 奖给。故本题正确答案为奖给。故本题正确答案为D。3. (2013贵阳模拟贵阳模拟)The officialto say more about the plan, so the details of it remain secret. A. agreed B. decl

59、inedC. attempted D. declared【解析【解析】选选B。考查动词辨析。句意。考查动词辨析。句意: 官员婉言拒绝对计划再官员婉言拒绝对计划再多说一点多说一点, 因此它的细节仍然是保密的。因此它的细节仍然是保密的。agree同意同意; decline谢谢绝绝; attempt尝试尝试, 试图试图; declare宣布。由此可知本题选宣布。由此可知本题选B。4. Many pupils said they were not happy because varieties of classestheir playtime. A. occupiedB. wastedC. cover

60、edD. divided【解析【解析】选选A。考查动词辨析。句意。考查动词辨析。句意: 许多学生说他们不快乐许多学生说他们不快乐, 因为各种各样的课占用了他们做游戏的时间。因为各种各样的课占用了他们做游戏的时间。occupy占用占用, 侵侵占占; waste浪费浪费; cover覆盖覆盖, 涉及涉及, 包括包括; divide划分划分, 使产生分歧。使产生分歧。由词义可知由词义可知, 本题正确答案为本题正确答案为A。5. (2013合肥模拟合肥模拟)My best friend, Amy, is always supportive, so her friendship undoubtedlya great deal to