2016年上海高考试题及答案英语

1、2016上海高考试题及答案-英语2016年普通高等学校招生全国统一考试（上海卷）英语试卷考生注意：1 .考试时间120分钟，试卷满分150分。2 .本考试设试卷和答题纸两部分。试卷分为第I卷（第112页）和第II卷（第13页），全卷共13页。所有答题必须涂（选择题）或写（非选择题）在答题纸上，做在试卷上一律不得分。答题前，务必在答题纸上填写准考证号和姓名，并将核对后的条形码贴在指定位置上，在答题纸反而清楚地填写姓名。第I卷（共103分）I.ListeningComprehensionSectionADirections:InSectionA,youwillheartenshortconvers

2、ationsbetweentwospeakers.Attheendofeachconversation,aquestionwillbeaskedaboutwhatwassaid.Theconversationsandthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Afteryouhearaconversationandthequestionaboutit,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaper,anddecidewhichoneisthebestanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.B. It isC. It is

3、 old-fashioned.D. It is1. A.Itissatisfactory.luxurious.disappointing.2. A.OnAugust5th.B.OnAugust6th.COnAugust7th.D.OnAugust8th.3. A.Awaiter.B.Abutcher.C.Aporter.D.Afarmer.4. A.Inatheatre.B.Inalibrary.C.Inabookingoffice.D.Inafurniturestore.5. A.Sheexpectedtoabettershow.B.ShC. She wasncouldhardlyfindh

4、erseat.tinterestedintheshow.D.didntgetafavourableseat.6. A.Thewomanofteneatsoutforbreakfast.B.Thecafeteriaservesgoodbreakfast.C.Thewomandoesn'thavebreakfastD.Thecafeteriadoesn'tservebreakfast.7. A.Sellingcucumbers.B.Plantingvegetables.C.Cookingameal.D.Pickingtomatoes.8. A.Themanshouldworkhar

5、d.B.Themanshouldturndownthejoboffer.C.Themanmayhaveanotherchance.D.B. There is aD. The manThemancanapplyforthejobagain.9. A.Itisahotandsmoggyday.trafficjamonKingStreet.C.Avehicleispollutingtheair.B. ItsD. It isisreadingareportonline.10. A.Itsendingisnotgoodenough.specialeffectsarenotsatisfying.C.Itd

6、eservesanaward.goodexceptforthescarypart.SectionBDirections:InSectionB,youwillheartwoshortpassages,andyouwillbeaskedthreequestionsoneachofthepassages.Thepassageswillbereadtwice,butthequestionswillbespokenonlyonce.Whenyouhearaquestion,readthefourpossibleanswersonyourpaperanddecidewhichonewouldbethebe

7、stanswertothequestionyouhaveheard.Questions11through13arebasedonthefollowingpassage.11. A.$1.B.$2C.$3D.$52.12. A.Paythebillsfirst.B. Spend2%ofthesalaryonlivingexpenses.C. Deposit$1000everymonth.D. Putpartofthemoneyinasavingsaccount.13. A.Methodsofsavingmoney.B. Savingmoneyforfamilyemergencies.C. The

8、importanceofsavingmoney.D. Secretsofspendingmoneywisely.Questions14through16arebasedonthefollowingpassage.14. A.Freeeducation.B. Asumofmoney.C. Donationsfromalocalnewspaper.D. Giftsfrommanypeople.15. A.Letstudentsinbeforeschool.B. Offericecreamandcoffee.C. Introduceabankintothecampus.D. Reducethetra

9、fficjamsaround.16. A.Itlackspositivenews.B. Itshouldgrowintoabigcity.C. Itisaplaceworthlivingin.D. Itremainspeacefulandquiet.SectionCDirections:InsectionC,youwillheartwolongerconversations.Theconversationswillbereadtwice.Afteryouheareachconversation,youarerequiredtofillinthenumberedblankswiththeinfo

10、rmationyouhaveheard.Writeyouranswersonyouranswersheet.Blanks17through20arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteONEWORDforeachanswer.ClassDiary(June13-19)13SUNt4MOh17forafter-classJactivityapplication15TUE16WEHandinginthreestudent18_17THUBasketballClubmeetingTime:12:451:30pmPlace:The_

11、1918FRIFillinginaformwithup-to-datepersonaldata1vU11vlTime:20breakPlace:Thecomputerroom19SATBlank21through24arebasedonthefollowingconversation.Completetheform.WriteNOMORETHANTHREEWORDSforeachanswer.WhoisSueWalter?Sheis21incourtandawriter.WhatisSue'ssuggestionforpeoplewithdifficulties?22InSue'

12、;seyes,whatisthebestpartaboutherjob?23indecision-making.WhatdoesSuethinkhappinessis?24II. GrammarandVocabularySectionADirections:Afterreadingthepassagesbelow,fillintheblankstomakethepassagescoherentandgrammaticallycorrect.Fortheblankswithagivenword,fillineachblankwiththeproperform.ofthegivenword;for

13、theotherblanks,useonewordthatbestfitseachblank.(A)BagsofLoveLastyear,Iwasassignedtoworkatanofficenearmymother'shouse,soIstayedwithherforamonth.Duringthattime,Ihelpedoutwiththehouseworkandcontributedtothegroceries.Afterlessthanaweek,Istartednoticingthatthegrocerieswererunningoutprettyquickly一wewe

14、realwayssuddenlyoutofsomething.(25)(wonder)howmymumcouldconsumethemsoquickly,Ibeganobservingherdailyroutinefortwoweeks.Tomysurprise,Ifoundthatshewouldpackapaperbagfullofcannedgoodsandheadouteverymorningataboutnine.Eventually,Idecidedtofollowherand(26)happenedtrulyamazedme.Shewastakingthefoodtotheref

15、ugeecamp,in(27)shedistributedittochildren.Iaskedaroundandfoundoutthatmymumwasverywellknowninthearea.Thekidswereveryfriendlywithherandevenlookeduptoherasifsheweretheirownmother.Thenithitme一shywouldshemotwanttotellmeaboutwhatshe (28)(do)?WassheworriedabouthowIwouldreactorthatIwouldstop(29)thegroceries

16、ifIfoundout?(buy)Whenshegothome,Itoldheraboutmydiscovery. (30)shecouldreact,Igaveherabighugandtoldhershedidn'tneedtokeepita secret (31)me.Shetoldmethatsomeofimpressed by (32)selfless she was.thechildrenlivedwithanolderladyinashelterwhileotherssleptonthestreets.Foryears,mymumhasbeenhelpingoutbygi

17、vingthemwhateverfoodshecouldspare.Iwasso(B)Stress:GoodorBad?Stressusedtobeanalmostunknownword,butnowthatweareusedtotalkingaboutit,Ihavefoundthatpeoplearebeginningtogetstressedaboutbeingstressed.stress(34)Inrecentyears,stress(33)(regard)asacauseofawholerangeofmedicalproblems,fromhighbloodpressuretome

18、ntalillness.Butlikesomanyotherthings,itisonlytoomuchdoesyouharm.Itistimeyouconsideredthatiftherewerenostressinyourlife,youwouldachievealittle.Ifyouarestuckathomewithnostress,thenyourlevelofperformancewillbelow.Uptoacertainpoint,themorestressyouareunder,the(35)(good)yourperformancewillbe.Beyondacerta

19、inpoint,though,furtherstresswillonlyleadtoexhaustion,illnessandfinallyabreakdown.Youcantellwhenyouareoverthetopandonthedownwardslope,byaskingyourself(36)numberofquestions.Doyou,forinstance,feelthattoomuchisbeingexpectedof(37),andyetfinditimpossibletosayno?Doyoufindyourselfgettingimpatientof(38)(anno

20、y)withpeopleoverunimportantthings?.Iftheanswertoallthosequestionsisyes,youhadbetter(39)(control)yourstress,asyouprobablyareundermorestressthanisgoodforyou.Tosomeextentyoucancontroltheamountofstressinyourlife.Doctorshaveworkedoutachartshowinghowmuchstressisinvolvedinvariousevents.Gettingmarriedis50,p

21、regnancy40,movinghouse20,Christmas12,etc.Ifthetotalstressinyourlifeisover150,youaretwiceaslikely(40)(get)ill.SectionBDirections:Completethefollowingpassagebyusingthewordsinthebox.Eachwordcanonlybeusedonce.Notethatthereisonewordmorethanyouneed.A.accountB.adjustableC.appliancesD.captureE.decorationsF.

22、directG.experimentH.intendedI.operatedJ.soullessK.squeezeGoldenRulesofGoodDesignWhatmakesgooddesign?Overtheyears,designersandartistshavebeentryingto_41theessentialsofgooddesign.Theyhavefoundthatsomesayingscanhelppeopleunderstandtheideasofgooddesign.Therearefourasfollows.Lessismore.Thissayingisassoci

23、atedwiththeGerman-bornarchitectMiesvanderRohe.InhisModernistview,beautyliesinsimplicityandelegance,andtheaimofthedesigneristocreatesolutionstoproblemsthroughthemostefficientmeans.Designshouldavoidunnecessary42Moreisnotabore.TheAmerican-bornarchitectRobertVenturiconcludedthatifsimplicityisdonebadly,t

24、heresultis43design.Post-Modernistdesignersbeganto44withdecorationandcoloragain.Productdesignwasheavilyinfluencedbythisviewandcanbeseeninkitchen45suchasovensandkettles.Fitnessforpurpose.Successfulproductdesigntakesintoconsiderationaproductsfunction,purpose,shape,form,color,andsoon.Themostimportantres

25、ultfortheuseristhattheproductdoeswhatis46.Forexample,thinkofa(n)47desklamp.Itneedstobeconstructedfrommaterialsthatwillstandtheheatofthelampandregularadjustmentsbytheuser.Italsoneedstobestable.Mostimportantly,itneedsto48lightwhereitisneeded.Fromfollowsemotion.ThisphraseisassociatedwiththeGermandesign

26、erHartmutEsslinger.Hebelievesdesignmusttakeinto49thesensorysideofournaturesight,smell,touchandtaste.Theseareasimportantasrational（理性的）.Whenchoosingeverydayproductssuchastoothpaste,weappreciateacool-lookingdevicethatallowsustoeasily50thetoothpasteontoourbrush.III. ReadingComprehensionSectionADirectio

27、ns:ForeachblankinthefollowingpassagetherearefourwordsorphrasesmarkedA,B,CandD.Fillineachblankwiththewordorphrasethatbestfitsthecontext.Inthe1960s,DouglasMcGregor,oneofthekeythinkersintheartofmanagement,developedthemowfamousTheoryXandTheoryY.TheoryXistheideathatpeopleinstinctively51workandwilldoanyth

28、ingtoavoidit.TheoryYistheviewthateveryonehasthepotentialtofindsatisfactioninwork.Inanycase,despitesomuchevidencetothe52_,manymanagersstillagreetoTheoryX.Theybelieve,53,thattheiremployeesneedconstantsupervisioniftheyaretoworkeffectively,orthatdecisionsmustbeimposedfrom54withoutconsultation.This,ofcou

29、rse,makesforauthoritarian（专制的）managers.wellofDifferentcultureshavedifferentwaysof55people.Unlikeauthoritarianmanagement,somecultures,particularlyinAsia,areknownfortheconsultativenaturedecision-makingall members ofthedepartmentorworkgroupareaskedto_56tothisprocess.Thisismanagementbythecollectiveopini

30、on.ManywesterncompanieshavetriedtoimitatesuchAsianwaysofdoingthings,whicharebasedongeneral57.Someexpertssaythatwomenwillbecomemoreeffectivemanagersthanmenbecausetheyhavethepowertoreachcommongoalsinawaythattraditional58managerscannot.59Arecenttrendhasbeentoencourageemployeestousetheirowninitiative,to

31、makedecisionsontheirownwithoutmanagersfirst.Thisempowerment（授权）hasbeenpartofthetrendtowardsdownsizing:60thenumberofmanagementlayersincompanies.Afterde-layeringinthisway,acompanymaybe_61withjustatoplevelofseniormanagers,front-linemanagersandemployeeswithdirectcontactwiththepublic.Empowermenttakesthei

32、deaofdelegation（委托）muchfurtherthanhas62beenthecase.Empowermentanddelegationmeannewformsofmanagementcontrolto63thattheoverallbusinessplanisbeingfollowed,andthatoperationsbecomemoreprofitableundertheneworganization,ratherthanless.Anothertrendisoff-siteor64management,whereteamsofpeoplelinkedbye-mailand

33、theInternetworkonprojectsfromtheirownhouses.Projectmanagersevaluatethe65_oftheteammembersintermsofwhattheyproduceforprojects,ratherthantheamountoftimetheyspendonthem.51. A.desireB.seekC.loseD.dislike52. A.contraryB.expectationC.degreeD.extreme53. A.viceversaB.forexampleC.howeverD.otherwise54. A.outs

34、ideB.insideC.belowD.above55. A.replacingB.assessingC.managingD.encouraging56. A.referB.contributeC.objectD.apply57. A.agreementB.practiceC.electionD.impression58. A.bossyB.experiencedC.westernD.male59. A.askingB.trainingC.warningD.firing60. A.doublingB.maintainingC.reducingD.estimating61. A.honoured

35、B.leftC.crowdedD.compared62. A.economicallyB.traditionallyC.inadequatelyD.occasionally63. A.denyB.admitC.assumeD.ensure64. A.virtualB.ineffectiveC.day-to-dayD.on-the-scene65. A.opinionB.riskC.performanceD.attractivenessSectionBDirection:Readthefollowingthreepassages.Eachpassageisfollowedbyseveralque

36、stionsorunfinishedsattments.ForeachofthemtherearefourchoicesmarkedA,B,CandD.Choosetheonethatfitsbestaccordingtotheinformationgiveninthepassageyouhavejustread.(A)Oneearlymorning,IwentintothelivingroomtofindmymotherreadingathickbookcalledBestLovedPoemstoReadAgainandAgain.Myinterestwasarousedonlybythef

37、actthatthewordPoems"appearedinbig,hotpinkletters.Isitgood?”Iaskedher.Yeah,"sheanswered.TheresoneIreallylikeandyou'lllikeit,too."Ileanedforward.“'PattyPoem,'"shereadthetitle.WhoisPatty?Iwondered.Thepoembegan:Sheneverputshertoysaway,Justleavesthemscatteredwheretheylay,散

38、舌L的Thepoemwasjustthreeshortsections.Thefinalonecamequickly:Whenshegrowsandxi名gatherspoise,卡念里I'llmissher.harum-scarumnoise,A.0Andlookinvainforscatteredtoys.徒劳地AndI'llbesad.Aterriblesorrowwashedoverme.WhoeverPattywas,shewasameangirl.Then,theshock.Itsyou,honey,"Mymothersaidsadly.Tomymothe

39、r,thepoemrevealedaparentsaffectionwhenherchildgrowsupandleaves.Tome,theshe”inthepoemwashorror.Itwasmymamawhowouldbesad.ItwassoterribleIburst out crying.What s wrong?” myOh Mama, " I cried. up ever! ”mother asked.I don't want to grownot'llhasShesmiled.Honey,it'sokay.You'regrowing

40、upanytimesoon.Andwhenyoudo,Istillloveyou,okay?”Okay,"Iwasstillweeping.Mypanicgone.ButIcouldnothelpthinkingaboutthatsillypoem.Afterwhatseemedlikeasafeamountoftime,Ireadthepoemagainandwasconfused.Itallfitsowelltogether,likeapuzzle.Thelanguagewassimple,sosimpleIcouldplainlyunderstanditsmeaning,yet

41、itwasstillbeautiful.Iwasnowfascinatedbytheideaofpoetry,wordsthathadthepowertomakeorbreakapersonsworld.Ihavesincefalleninlovewithotherpoems,butPattyPoem"remainsmypoem.Afterall,PattyPoem"gavememyloveforpoetrynotbecauseitwasthepoemthatliftedmyspirits,butbecauseitwastheonethathurtmethemost.66.

42、 WhywasthewriterattractedbythebookBestLovedPoemstoReadAgainandAgain?A. Itwasathickenoughbook.B. Somethingonitscovercaughthereye.C. Hermotherwasreadingitwithinterest.D. Ithasameaningfultitle.67. Afterhermotherreadthepoemtoher,thewriterfeltatfirst.A.sadB.excitedC.horrifiedD.confused68. Thewritersmothe

43、rlikedtoreadPattyPoem”probablybecause.A. itreflectedherownchildhoodB. itwaswritteninsimplelanguageC. itwascomposedbyafamouspoetD. itgaveherahintofwhatwouldhappen69. Itcanbeconcludedfromthepassagethat“PattyPoem"leadsthewriterto.A. discoverthepowerofpoetryB. recognizeherloveforpuzzlesC. findherea

44、gernesstogrowupD. experiencegreathomesickness(B)Istherelinkbetweenhumansandclimatechangeornot?Thisquestionwasfirststudiedintheearly1900s.Sincethen,manyscientistshavethoughtthatouractionsdomakeadifference.In1997,theKyotoProtocolexplainedourroleintheEarth'changingatmosphereandsetinternationallimit

45、sforgasemissions(排放)from2008to2012.Somecountrieshavedecidedtocontinuethesereductionsuntil2020.Morerecently,theParisAgreement,stuckbynearly200countries,alsoaimstolimitglobalwarming.Butjustnowhowmuchwarmeritwillgetdependsonhowdeeplycountriescutcarbonemissions.不个3.5CThis is how much temperatures would

46、rise by 2100 even if nations live up to the initial Paris promises to reducecarbon emissions; put coastal cities drive over halfthis rise could stillunderof allextinction.To meet this minimumwater andspecies togoal,theAgreement requires countries tighten emissions targets every years. Even this incr

47、ease couldtofivesinksomeislands,worsedrought（干旱）anddriveadeclineofuptoathirdinthenumberofspecies.1.5CThisisthemostambitiousgoalfortemperaturerisesetbytheParisAgreement,afterapushbylow-lyingislandnationslikeKiribati,whichsaylimitingtemperatureriseto1.5Ccouldsavethemfromsinking.0.8CThisishowmuchtemper

48、atureshaverisensincetheindustrialagebegan,puttingus40%ofthewaytothe2point.0cThebaselinehereisaverageglobaltemperaturebeforethestartoftheindustrialage.70. Itcanbeconcludedfromparagraph1thatA. theproblemofglobalwarmingwillhavebeenquitesolvedby2020B. gasemissionshavebeeneffectivelyreducedindevelopedcou

49、ntriesC. theParisAgreementsismoreinfluentialthantheKyotoProtocolD. humanshavemadecontinuouseffortstoslowdownglobalwarming71. IfnationscouldonlykeeptheinitialpromisesoftheParisAgreement,whatwouldhappenbytheyear2100?A. Thehumanpopulationwouldincreasebyonethird.B. Littleover50%ofallspecieswouldstillexi

50、st.beC. Nationswouldnotneedtotightentheiremissionstargets.D. TheAgreement'sminimumgoalwouldnotreached.72. Ifthoseislandnationsnotfarabovesealevelaretosurvive,themaximumtemperaturerise,sincethestartoftheindustrialage,shouldbe.A. 0.8CC.2cB. 1.5cD.3.5CEnough(C)meaninglessdrivel”.That'sthemessag

51、efromagroupofmembersoftheUKgovernmentwhohavebeenexamininghowsocialmediafirmslikeLinkedIngatherandusesocialmediadata.TheHouseofCommonsScienceandTechnologyCommittee'seport,releasedlastweek,hasblamedfirmsformakingpeoplesignuptolongincomprehensiblelegalcontractsandcallsforaninternationalstandardorki

52、temark（认证标t己）toidentifysitesthathavecleartermsandconditions.“Thetermandconditionsstatementthatweallcarelesslyagreetoismeaninglessdriveltoanyone,"saysAndrewMiller,thechairofthecommittee.Instead,hesays,firmsshouldprovideaplain-Englishversionoftheirterms.Thesimplifiedversionwouldbecheckedbyathirdp

53、artyandawardedakitemarkifitisanaccuratereflectionoftheoriginal.Itisnotyetclearwhowouldadministerthescheme,buttheUKgovernmentislookingatintroducingitonavoluntarybasis."weneedthinkthroughhowwemakethatworkinpractice,“saysMiller.Wouldwepayanymoreattentiontoakitemark?"Ithinkifyouwentanddidthesu

54、rvey,peoplewouldliketothinktheywould,saysNigelShadboltattheUniversityofSouthampton,UK,whostudiesopendata."Wedoknowpeopleworryalotabouttheinappropriateuseoftheirinformation.Butwhatwouldhappeninpracticeisanothermatter,hesays.Otherorganisationssuchasbanksaskcustomerstosignlongcontractstheymaynotre

55、adorunderstand,butMillerbelievessociamediarequiresspecialattentionbecauseitissonew."Westilldon'knowhowsignificantthelong-termimpactisgoingtobeofunwisethingsthatkidsputonsocialmediathatcomebackandbitethemin20years'time,"hesays.Shadbolt,whogaveevidencetothecommittee,saystheproblemist

56、hatwedon'knowhowcompanieswilluseourdatabecausetheirbusinessmodelsandusesofdataarestillevolving.Largecollectionsofpersonalinformationhavebecomevaluableonlyrecently,hesays.Theshockandangerwhenasocialmediafirmdoessomethingwithdatathatpeopledonexpect,evenifusershaveapparentlypermission,t working. If

57、showthatthecurrentsituationisnproperlyadministered,akitemarkontermsandconditionscouldhelppeopleknowwhatexactlytheyaresigningupto.Althoughtheywouldstillhavetoactuallyreadthem.73.Whatdoesthephrasemeaninglessdrivelinparagraphs1and3referto?A. Legalcontractsthatsocialmediafirmsmakepeoplesignupto.B. Warni

58、ngsfromtheUKgovernmentagainstunsafewebsites.C. Guidelinesonhowtousesocialmediawebsitesproperly.D. Insignificantdatacollectedbysocialmediafirms.74. ItcanbeinferredfromthepassagethatNigelShadboltdoubtswhether.A. socialmediafirmswouldconductasurveyonthekitemarkschemeB. peoplewouldpayasmuchattentiontoakitemarkastheythinkC. akitemarkschemewouldbeworkableonanationwidescaleD. thekitemarkwouldhelpcompanie