Unit Global warming学案新人教选修

1、Unit 4 Global warming课前预习单词拼写1. Rain is p_ of nature.2. The g_ shows temperature changed a little.3. The a_ of 4,5 and 9 is 6.4. This decision could have serious c_ for the future of the industry.5. With the development of industry, more and more people died from air p_.6. This species of bird is _

2、(减少) in number every year.7. Low-lying countries feel their very _ (存在) is in danger from rising sea level.8. This _ (资料) was collected from 80 countries.9. Wood, coal, oil and gas are _(燃料).10. The contract clearly _ (叙述) when the work should be finished.重点短语1._ run out 2. _ run out of3. _compared

3、to 4. _发生；产生5. _huge quantities of 6. _the amount of7. _ an amount of 8. _go up9. _导致 10. _rise by11. _逐步建立,增加 12. _keep on doing.13. _on the whole 14. _有关系,有影响15. _容忍,忍受 16._and so on小组合作探究课文理解Fast reading: Read the passage silently and quickly and answer the following questions, Youll be given 5 m

4、inutes.（Comprehending EX1）1.The main topic of the article is:_2._ wrote the magazine article. The magazine is_3.The three scientists mentioned in the article are _, _ and_.4.Graph 1 shows _5. Graph 2 shows _ _6.What is called the “greenhouse effect”？_课文重点句子翻译1. There is no doubt that the earth is be

5、coming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this global warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon._2. They also believe it is the burning of more and more fossil fuels that is resulting in this increase in carbon dioxide._3. Even if we start re

6、ducing the amount of carbon dioxide and other greenhouse gases , the climate is going to keep on warming for decades and centuries._4. it will encourage a greater range of animals- all of which will make life for human beings better._全员探究Warming Up1. An energy source is “renewable” when supplies of

7、it never run out.要点导航 run out作不及物动词，表示“被用完了（become used up)”的被动含义，其主语通常是时间、金钱、食物等无生命名词。例如：_他的钱很快就花完了。Our supplies finally ran out.我们的供给终于耗尽了。思维拓展 run out of=use up vt. We have used up our money.要点导航renewable adj 能再生的；可再生的renew v 更新，恢复，重新开始 1) re-是一个动词前缀，表示“新”“再” eg: recycle 回收 rewrite 改写 reform 改革 r

8、efine 精练 retell 复述 recover 恢复 2) able-是一个 形容词后缀表示“可的”“能的” acceptable 可接受的，可理解的 respectable 值得尊敬的Reading1.That probably doesnt sound very much to you or me but it is a rapid increase compared to most natural changes.要点导航 compare v. 比较,对照,比喻,比作compare.with和.比较 compare . to 把.比作beyond/past/ without com

9、pare 无与伦比 compared to/with和.比较compare notes 对笔记, 交换意见We often compare notes after class.下课后我们经常对笔记.思维拓展 comparative adj.比较的 comparable adj.可比较的, 类似的comparison n.比较,对照,比喻学以致用The girl _Susan, who often helps other people,_LeiFeng in this university.A. whose name is; comparing with B. calling; is compa

10、red to C. who called; compares to D. called; is compared to 解析:本题考查compare to和call的用法,句意为:那个名叫Susan的女孩经常帮助别人,被比作我们大学里的雷锋.sb be called 名字叫,compare sb. to 把.比作,选D2.There is no doubt that the earth is becoming warmer but there is fierce debate over whether it is human activity that has caused this glob

11、al warming or whether it is just a natural phenomenon.要点导航 There is no doubt that 毫无疑问（that从句为同位语从句，表示与之同位的no doubt的实际内容，同位语从句亦可由whether引导）。例如：_we will defeat them in the next game.毫无疑问，我们会在下次比赛中击败他们。There is some doubt whether he is the best man for the job.他是不是担任那项工作的最适当人选，有点疑问。思维拓展doubt vt.怀疑，疑虑。

12、常接宾语从句，在否定句和疑问句中，接that引导的从句；在肯定句中，接whether/if引导的从句。例如：_我不怀疑他是诚实的。We doubt if he is honest.我们怀疑他是否诚实。I have (my) doubts about whether he is the best man for the job. 我怀疑他是否做这项工作的最好人选。We have no doubt of his ability. 我们相信他的能力。 without/beyond doubt 无疑地，确实地，肯定地，必定学以致用There is no doubt _ Chinese athletes

13、 will carry off more medals in the next Olympic Games.A. thatB. whichC. asD. whether解析A。doubt与否定词连用时，常用连词that。3.It was a scientist called Charles Keeling who made accurate measurements of the amount of carbon dioxide in the atmosphere from 1957 to 1997.要点导航 本句为强调句。请把句子还原：_4.They also believe it is t

14、he burning of more and more fossil fuels that is resulting in this increase in carbon dioxide.要点导航 result 作为动词常与from和in搭配，注意其含义：result from 因产生，源自 result in 导致，造成Nothing has resulted from his efforts. 他的努力终成泡影。_three deaths. 这次事故造成三人死亡。思维拓展 as a result of作为结果 without result 毫无结果的They carried out the

15、 experiment without result. 他们做的实验没有任何结果.学以致用 （1）My friend Tom was very sick with a strange fever; _, he could neither eat nor sleep.Aas a result Bafter all Cany way Dotherwise解析as a result表示“结果是”；after all表示“毕竟”；anyway表示“无论如何, 总之”；otherwise表示“否则；要不然”。根据句子意思，答案为A。（2）Its his laziness that _ his failu

16、re in the last exam.A. resulted from B. resulted in C. led into D. brought in解析 result from 因产生，发生；result in 导致，造成；bring in生出、产生或挣得（利润，收入）。答案为B。(3)As is known to us all, failure usually_ laziness while diligence can_ success.A. results from; lie in B. results in; result from C. leads to; lie in D. r

17、esults from; result in5.He predicts that any warming will be mild with few bad environmental consequences.要点导航 consequence n.结果;后果;重要短语take the consequences of 为.结果负责;自作自受in consequence 因此,结果;相当于as a resultas a consequence of =as a result of 由于 的结果be of much/any/no consequence 有很大（任何，无）重要性in consequ

18、ence of 由于,相当于because of In consequence of the fire, many people became homeless.由于大火,许多人无家可归.思维拓展consequent adj.作为结果的,随之发生的 consequently adv.因而,所以学以致用_ your bad work, I am forced to dismiss you.A. In consequence of B. Because C. As consequence of D. In account of解析:选A. In consequence of 由于; 因.结果 B.

19、 Because因为,由于.连词,该句结构不需要连词 C. As consequence of作为.结果 D. In account of因为,由于.根据句意,选A.因.的结果.He may be_(在他自己的村中是一个重要人物）,but he is nobody here. 句型转换He was badly injured as a result of his careless driving.(改为同义句）.He was badly injured _ his careless driving.6. state vt. 说,陈述 n.状态；情况；国家He has publicly stat

20、ed his support for the policy.他已公开声明支持那项政策。She was in a terrible state when we arrived .我们抵达时她情绪很不好。The island is still in a state of nature. 这个岛屿依然处在原始状态.思维拓展stated adj.说出的,宣布的 statement n.陈述,叙说,说明报告make a statement陈述,供述 issue a statement发表声明a bank statement银行结算单 keep ones state维持尊严,摆架子【辨析】state 的意

21、思是“详细陈述”。往往详细说明原因；理由是正式用语，指某时某人某物存在时的状态、情况、环境等，持续时间长the state of our country todaycondition 指被认为由某具体的原因环境所产生的state :the condition made flying impossible .Situation 大致上和 state、 condition同义但比较重视各种情况，以及所牵涉到的人与人之间彼此的关系也常指军事、政治、经济状况： We are in different situations .学以致用The book published by the governmen

22、t_the case of the womens rights and responsibilities of last year.A. states B. tells C. stares D. says解析:state,陈述,tell告诉,stare盯着看,say说.句意:政府出版的那本书全面陈述了去年妇女的权利与责任.选A(1) The US _war on Irap without the agreement of the UN. A. declared B. stated C. pronounced D. claimed (2) She is in a poor _of health

23、,which worries her mother much. A. position B. situation C. state D. condition(3) The collapse of the World Trade Center has put US in a difficult_. A. situation B. background C. case D. occasion7.Greenhouse gases continue to build up in the atmosphere.要点导航build up vi. 加大；加强；增多to become greater, mor

24、e powerful or larger in numberAll the pressure built up and he was off work for weeks with stress.The music built up to a climax.build sb/sth up 吹捧某人/某物build sb/oneself up=to make sb/oneself stronger 增强某人的体质You need more protein to build you up.8.Even if we start reducing the amount of carbon dioxid

25、e and other greenhouse gases , the climate is going to keep on warming for decades and centuries.要点导航 keep on doing sth=continue/go on doing sth继续干某事我们坚持学习到深夜。_思维拓展 keep doing和keep on doing都可表示“不断（老是）做某事”的意思，强调动作连续不断，每隔一会儿发生，这时两者可以换用。例如：John always kept (on) asking questions.约翰总是问个不停。News of success

26、es keeps (on) pouring in.捷报频传。keep doing还可表示连续不断的动作或持续的状态。keep on doing则没有这种用法。而强调“继续干某事”（尽管动作是时断时续）时，常用keep on doing sth。例如：We kept working in the fields in spite of the rain. 尽管下雨，我们还是坚持在地里干活。Why do the dogs keep barking?这些狗为什么不停地叫？他没有灰心，还在继续努力。_go on doing, go on to do和go on with的区别这三个短语都有“继续做某事”

27、的意思，但在含义上有所不同。go on doing sth.是指不间断地做某事（continue to do without break or interruption）。go on with sth.则意味着一度中止后，又继续下去。go on to do sth.是指做完一件事后转而去做其它事。如：1）It was raining, but the farmers _(=kept on working) in the fields. 下雨了，然而农民们还在田里劳动。2）She went on with her writing after supper. 晚饭后，她继续写文章。3）_after

28、 he finished his own job. 干完自己的活儿后他接着去帮助别人。9.Glance quickly at the magazine article and answer the questions.要点导航glance v.n.粗略地看一下,一瞥,扫视短语 glance at 匆匆瞥一眼 give/take a glance at/to/over/into 对.匆匆一看, 一瞥at a glance=at the first glance 初乍一看就She fell in love with him at the first glance. 她第一次见到他就爱上了他.思维拓

29、展glancing adj.粗略的,随便的,偶尔的,间接的 学以致用She _ shyly at him out of the corners of her eyes.A. stared B. glanced C. peeped D. glared解析:本题考查与glance相似的几个词的区别;stare盯着看,glance匆匆看一眼,peep(从小孔里)偷看,窥视,glare怒目而视,句意为:她用眼角害羞地瞥了他一眼.选B. 1).I_(一眼就可以看出）that something was wrong.2).He _（匆匆看了一下她的脸).3).She_shyly at the young

30、fellow from behind. A.glared B.glanced C.stared D.gazed4).They stood_at each other as if they were enemies. A.staring B.glancing C.glaring D.looking5)When I went in, he was lying on the floor _ at the ceiling. to stare B. stared C. was staring D. staring10.it will encourage a greater range of animal

31、s- all of which will make life for human beings better.要点导航ange n. 山脉, 行列, 范围, 射程vt.排列, 归类于, 使并列思维拓展in/within/out of/beyond range 在射程内（外）range from to 在范围内变化beyond the range of 超越范围 out of ones range 某人达不到的1).The new technology has opened up a very wide_of possibilities. A. range B.extent C.number D

32、.collection2).The childrens ages_。 (孩子们的年龄在5到15岁之间)11. huge quantities of 1)修饰可数名词复数的词有：many, a good/great many, quite a few, a large number of, large numbers of 等，其后的谓语动词用复数形式。如：A large number of students are waiting in the classroom. 许多学生正在教室里等着。2)修饰不可数名词的有： much, a great deal of, a little, a larg

33、e amount of等，其后的谓语动词用单数形式。如： A large amount of money is spent on the new hospital. 大笔钱被花在这个新医院上。3)既可修饰可数名词又可修饰不可数名词的有：some, a lot of, lots of, plenty of, a great quality of, large quantities of, a mass of , masses of等，主语是可数名词，谓语动词用复数，主语是不可数名词，谓语动词用单数。考题链接 With more forests being destroyed, huge quan

34、tities of good earth _ each year. （山东卷） A. is washing away B. is being washed away C. are washing away D. are being washed away解析：答案为D。wash away表示“冲走”，是一个及物动词词组，应用被动语态。quantities of词组作主语时谓语动词的数要用复数，不论后面跟的是可数名词，还是不可数名词。Learning about Language1. The temperature increased and decreased over this period

35、 but on the whole it increased by around one degree Fahrenheit.要点导航decrease v. 减少;使减少The number of children in the school has decreased this year.今年在校的儿童人数减少了。The workmen want to decrease the number of working hours and increase pay.工人要求减少工作时间而增加工资。短语 decrease the number to 把数目减少到on the decrease 在减少

36、中辨析decrease 表示大小,数量,质量,数字,力量等的变小或减少.reduce 更常用作及物动词,表示减少费用,紧缩开支等意思.Our sales are decreasing. 我们的销售在下降.He reduced the amount of money they could spend. 他紧缩了他们的开销.学以致用The driver _ the speed of the car.A. minused B. decreased C. knocked D. examined 解析:minus 减去;knock 减价,扣掉;examine检查decrease 减少(弱).句意为;司机

37、减低了车速.选B.2.on the whole 大体上；基本上；总的来说On the whole, they are happy after their marriage. The weather this month has been good on the whole.这个月的天气基本上是好的。2.The greenhouse effect gives the earths surface the average temperature of 15。C.要点导航average n. 平均数；平均水平 on average 通常；按平均The average of 4, 8, and 60

38、is 24.4、8和60的平均数是24。What is the average rainfall for August in your country?你们国家八月份的平均降雨量是多少?average adj. 一般的, 通常的, 平均的3.Low-lying countries feel their very existence is in danger from rising sea levels.要点导航existence 存在, 生存生活, 存在状态bring into existence 使产生,使成立come into existence 开始存在,产生,成立in existenc

39、e 存在的,现存的,现有的There is nothing in existence that is unchanging. 一切存在的事物没有不变化的.思维拓展exist v.生存；存在existent adj.存在的,实在的,现存的existing adj.目前的,现存的,存在的Contradictions_.到处存在着矛盾。Salt exists mostly in sea water.海水中存在的盐分最多。_.人没有空气就不能生存。The old lady exists only on rice coffee and bread.老太太仅靠咖啡面包生活。学以致用 People dont

40、 now believe in the _ of ghosts. A. birth B. evidence C. existence D. occurrenceUsing Language1.Together, individuals can make a difference.要点导航make a difference有关系；有意义；make no difference 无差别；无意义他来不来没大关系。_2.We dont have to put up with pollution.要点导航put up with忍受；忍耐；受苦_.我再也不能容忍你的粗鲁态度了。That woman, as

41、a housewife, has a lot to put up with.那个女人是个家庭主妇不得不忍受许多烦恼。3.Its OK to leave an electrical appliance on so long as you are using it-if not, turn it off!要点导航1）leave+宾语+补语（形容词、副词、过分、现分、介短）to cause or allow to be or remain in a specified state2）so/as long as在的时间之内; 以为条件；只要I'll stay as long as I can.

42、我能呆多久就呆多久。只要他不到，我就不离开。_思维拓展as far as 远及；就而论The path extends as far as the river.As far as I know, he has gone to town.就我所知，他到镇子上去了。4.So if you are not using the lights, the TV, the computer and so on, turn them off.5. blame v.埋怨,责备短语 be to blame 应受谴责,应负责任blame something on sb. 把归咎于blame sb.for sth./

43、doing sth 因而责备某人You shouldnt blame your son for not having done his homework.思维拓展blameful adj.该受责备的,有过错的 blamefully adv.blameless adj.无可责难的,无过错的 blamelessly adv.blameworthy adj. 该受责备的学以致用He deserved to _ his carelessness.A. blamed for B. be blamed for C. blame for D. be blame for语法探究1. It is/was wel

44、l-known that众所周知。例如：It is well-known that Taiwan belongs to China.众所周知，台湾属于中国。It is well-known that the Great Wall is the longest wall in the world.众所周知，长城是世界上最长的墙。思维拓展 在这个句型中，that引导的是主语从句，此句型可以转换为as引导的定语从句， It is/was well-known that相当于as we all know。例如; As we all know, the Great Wall is the longest

45、 wall in the world.众所周知，长城是世界上最长的墙。问题探究 你还知道类似的结构吗？提示：常见的结构有：It is hoped that 人们希望；It is said that据说；It is reported that 据报道；It is believed that人们相信。例如：It is said that he died from cancer last month.据说，他上个月死于癌症。It is reported that that singer has been in prison for one year.据报道，那位歌星曾经坐过一年监。考题链接_is k

46、nown to everybody, the moon travels round the earth once every month. (2001NMET) A. It B. As C. That D. What 解析：答案为B。本句中间有逗号，所以不能选A。2.强调句型强调句型使用十要素一、如果强调句型指现在或未来情况用It is，指过去情况用It was。 二、被强调部分往往是句子的主语、宾语、时间状语和地点状语，但有时也可强调比较复杂的内容，如时间状语从句、条件状语从句、not until.、not only.but also.、.as well as.等结构。 三、被强调部分是人称

47、代词时，原句用什么格，强调句也用什么格。 四、被强调部分如果是主格人称代词时，who/that后的动词应和该主格人称代词在人称和数上保持一致。 五、关于强调词的选用，强调人时可用who或that；如果不强调人一律用that。此时绝不能和定语从句混淆，被强调部分为时间状语、地点状语或者原因状语时不能误用when、where或why。 例1：It was him who/that I saw the day before yesterday. 析：该句原句为：I saw him the day before yesterday.该句指过去情况，所以强调句型应使用It was开头；被强调部分为原句宾

48、语-宾格人称代词him，所以强调句型仍用him作被强调部分；被强调部分指人，所以用who或that。 例2：It was in the street that I met him yesterday. 析：该句原句为：I met him in the street yesterday.该句仍指过去情况，所以强调句型仍以It was开头，被强调部分虽为地点状语，但不能用where,只能用that。 例3：It was because he was seriously ill that he died. 析：该句原句为：He died because he was seriously ill.被强

49、调部分为结构复杂的原因状语从句，但不能用why，只能用that。 六、强调句型的一般疑问句结构为：Is /Was itwhothat? 例4：Was it during the Second World War that he died？ 析：该句虽不以It was开头，而以Was it开头，是强调句型的一般疑问句形式。所以当被强调部分为时间状语时，应用that。 七、强调句型的特殊疑问句结构为：特殊疑问词is /was it that?(强调句型的特殊疑问句只能强调特殊疑问词) 例5：Where was it that you found your lost pen？ 析：该句虽以Where

50、开头，但后边的was it仍说明该句使用的是强调句型，被强调部分为特殊疑问词where，表地点，所以应使用that。 八、强调句型中的is /was前面可用must /may /might等表推测的情态动词。 例6：It might be in this room that he met her. 析：该句It was的was前面虽用might，但该句仍然是强调句。 九、被强调部分为时间状语和地点状语时，有可能先接定语从句，再接强调句型，应多加思考，不能混用。 例7：It was on October 1st,1949when he joined the Party that he was killed. 析：该句的中心不是说明1949年10月1日他入党，而是说1949年10月1日他被杀害，he j