(完整版)21世纪大学英语读写教程第二册单词

1、amidprep.in the middle of, among 在之中* disastrousa. extremely bad; terrible 灾难性的，糟透的 lordn. (in Britain) title of some officials of very high rank (英)大臣；大人，阁下admiraltyn. (the A )(in Britain) government department in charge of the navy (英)海军音B campaignn. 1. a series of planned military actions 战役2. a

2、planned series of activities, esp. in politics and business 运动 bloodya. 1. very violent, with a lot of wounding and killing 血腥的2. covered with blood 血污的 missionn. 1. (usu. military) duty or purpose for which people are sent somewhere 常指军事任务2. 天职，使命privatelyad. 1. not publicly 非公开地3. personally; secr

3、etly 在涉及私(个)人方面；秘密地privatea. 1. personal; secret 私(个)人的；秘密的2. not public 非公开的disastern. (a)sudden great misfortune 灾难，天灾；祸患* griefn. a feeling of extreme sadness 悲哀* grievev. suffer from grief or great sadness (为而)悲伤； 伤心、 retreatn. 1. a place into which one can go for peace and safety 隐居处2. 撤退；避难vi.

4、 move back or leave a center of fighting or other activity 撤退；退避 muse, Musen. 1. (in Greek mythology) one of the nine goddesses of poetry, music, etc. 缪斯(希腊神话中司 文艺的九位女神之一)2. a force or person that inspires sb. to write, paint, etc. 创作灵感 rescuen. help which gets sb. out of a dangerous or unpleasant s

5、ituation 救助；救援vt. 救助；救援sister-in-lawn. sister of ones husband or wife 姑子；姨子；嫂子；弟媳 sketchv. make a quick, rough drawing (of sth.) 素描，速写n. 素描，速写 watercolo(u)rn. 水彩(颜料)；水彩画 magicn. 魔法，法术a. 有魔力的 * distractvt. (from) take (ones mind, sb.) off sth. 转移(注意力) ; 使转移注意力 * canvasn. 1. a piece of strong heavy cl

6、oth used for an oil painting 帆布画布2. a completed oil painting 油画* contemplatevt. look at in a serious or quiet way, often for some time (默默地)注视，凝视 blanka. 1. without writing, print or other marks 空白的2. expressionless； without understanding 无表情的；茫然的 unaccustomeda. not used (to sth.); not usual (对某物)不习

7、惯的；不寻常的 accustomeda. regular; usual 惯常的，通常的 hesitantlyad. not doing sth. quickly or immediately for ones uncertainty or worry about it 犹豫不决地 infinitea. extremely great in degree or amount; without limits or end 无限的；极大的 precautionn. 1. carefulness 防备，预防2. an action taken to avoid sth. dangerous or un

8、pleasant 预防措施 beann. 豆；蚕豆 motorcarn. a car 汽车 alarmvt. excite with sudden fear or anxiety 使惊恐；使忧虑n. 1. a sudden feeling of fear or anxiety 惊恐；忧虑2. a warning of danger 警报 plungevi. (into, in) 1. rush suddenly and deeply into sth. 投身于2. suddenly fall in a particular direction 纵身投入；一头扎入 fiercea. 1. ang

9、ry, violent and cruel 暴怒的；凶猛的；残酷的2. (of heat, strong feelings) very great 强烈的 * slashn. a long sweeping cut or blow 砍；挥击vt. cut with long sweeping forceful strokes ； move or force with this kind of cutting movement 砍，砍击；猛挥absolutelyad. completely ； without conditions 完全地；绝对地* terrifyvt. fill with te

10、rror or fear 恐吓，使惊吓* wretcheda. very unhappy or unfortunate 不幸的；可怜的victimn. sb. or sth. hurt or killed as a result of other peoples actions, or of illness, bad luck, etc. 牺牲 者，受害者；牺牲品* furyn. 1. a wildly excited state (of feeling or activity) 狂热；激烈2. (a state of) very great anger 狂怒artistica. 1. of.

11、 concerning art or artists 艺术的；艺术家的2. made with inventive skill or imagination 富有艺术性的companionn. mate; one who associates with or accompanies another 同伴；伴侣 beloveda. much loved; darling 深爱的；亲爱的overcomevt. 1. (often pass.) (by, with) (of feelings) take control and influence ones behavior 常被动 (感 情等)压倒

12、，使受不了2. win a victory over; defeat 克服；战胜* refugen. (a place that provides) protection or shelter from harm, danger or unhappiness 避难(所)；庇护(所)alasint. a cry expressing grief, sorrow or fear 唉(表示悲伤、忧愁、恐惧等)* revivev. 1. regain strength, consciousness, life, etc. ； bring (sb. or sth.) back to strength,

13、consciousness, life, etc. (使)复苏；(使)重振活力2. become active, popular, or successful again 恢复生机；复兴；重新流行glown. a feeling of warmth or pleasure 热烈vi. emit a soft light 发光amateura. & n. (a person who is) not professional 业余(水平)的(运动员、艺术家等)entryn. 1. a person or thing taking part in a competition, race, etc.

14、参赛一员2. entrance; the act of entering or the right to enter 进入；进入权* anonymousa. (of a person) with name unknown ； (of a letter, painting, etc.) written or created by an unidentified person 名字不详的；匿名的disqualifyvt. make or declare unfit, unsuitable, or unable to do sth. 取消的资格；使不适合；使不能 relyvi. (on, upon)

15、 1. have trust or confidence (in) 信任；信赖2. depend with full trust or confidence 依赖* historiann. a person who studies history and/or writes about it 历史学家* barrena. (of land) unproductive (土地等)贫瘠的，荒芜的awakenvt. 1. (to) cause to become conscious of 使意识到2. cause to wake up 唤醒* menacen. a threat or danger

16、威胁abundanta. plentiful; more than enough 丰富的；充足的abundancen. a great quantity; plenty 丰富；充裕；大量odda. 1. (infml.) (after numbers) a little more than the stated number常用以构成复合词 以上的；出头的2. strange or unusual 奇特的；古怪的3. 奇数的，单数的existencen. the state of existing 存在；实有* pastimen. hobby ； sth. done to pass time

17、in a pleasant way 消遣，娱乐Phrases and Expressionspay the priceexperience sth. unpleasant because one has done sth. wrong, made a mistake, etc. 付出代价come to sb.s rescuehelp sb. when he/she is in danger or difficulty 解救某人，救助某人chance uponmeet by chance; find by chance 偶然碰见；偶然发现try ones handattempt (to do s

18、th.), esp. for the first time 尝试plunge intobegin to do sth. suddenly; enter without hesitation 突然或仓促地开始某事；突然冲入before one knows itbefore one has time to consider the course of events 转眼之间，瞬息之间fall uponattack fiercely 猛攻，猛扑take refugeseek protection from danger or unhappiness 避难rely ontrust, or confid

19、ently depend on 依赖，依靠 fall from officelose a position of authority to which sb. was elected or appointed 离位，下台 awaken tocause to become conscious of 使意识到bear fruitproduce successful results 结果实；有成果date fromhave existed since 始自keep sb. companystay with sb. so that he/she is not alone 陪伴某人第二单元 excelv

20、. (at) be the beat or better others (at sth.) 胜过他人 savingsn. money saved, esp. in a bank 积蓄；存款 heartbreakinga. which causes great sorrow 令人悲痛的，令人心碎的costlya. expensive, costing a lot of money 代价高昂的；昂贵的 sacrificen. loss or giving up of sth. of value, esp. for what is believed to be a good purpose 牺牲 v

21、t. 牺牲 riskn. (of) a danger ； sth. that might have undesirable results 危险；风险vt. place in a dangerous situation 使遭受危险；冒 的风险 copevi. (with) deal successfully (with a difficult situation) (妥善地)应付或处理 successionn. a series or the act of following one after the other (前后相接的)一系列，一连串；连续 successivea. followin

22、g each other closely 接连的，连续的，相继的*fostera. 收养孩子的；寄养的vt. 收养；照料 scholarshipn. 1. 奖学金2. 学识；学术成就 owevt. (to) 1. have sth. (usually sth. good) because of 把归功于3. have to pay, for sth. already done or given 欠owinga. (to) still to be paid 未付的，欠着的motivatevt. (often pass.) 1. provide (sb.) with a (strong) need

23、, purpose or reason for doing sth. 常被动 激 发的积极性2. 使有动机*surgevi. move, esp. forward, in or like powerful waves (如浪潮般) 汹涌；奔腾n. (感情等的)洋溢或奔放constitutevt. 1. form or make up 形成；构成2. formally establish or appoint 组建；选派constitutionn. 1. the act of establishing, making, or setting up ； constituting 制定；设立；组成2

24、. (often cap.) 常大写 宪法；法规；章程*constitutionala. allowed or limited by a political constitution 宪法规定的；合乎宪法的grindh. (AmE, often derog.) a student who is always working (美) 常贬义用功的学生，书呆子vt. 磨；磨碎*stereotypei. a fixed pattern which is believed to represent a type of person or event 固定形式，老套misplacevt. 1. lose

25、 (sth.),usu. for only a limited time (暂时)丢弃2. put in an unsuitable or wrong place 把一 放错地方refugeen. sb. who has been forced to leave their country for political reason or during a war 难民；流亡者*resentvt. feel anger and dislike about sth. 对一表示愤恨labelvt. 1. describe as belonging to a particular kind or cl

26、ass 把称为； 把 歹U为2. 加标签于；用标签标明n. 标签minorityn. 1. a small part of a population which is different from others in race, religion, etc. 少数民族；少数派2. the small number or part ； less than half 少数minora. 较少的，较小的*discriminationn. 1. the practice of unfairly treating sb. or sth. 区别对待；歧视2. the ability to recogniz

27、e the difference between two things 识别力；辨别力reverse discriminationthe making of distinctions in favour of groups considered disadvantaged or underprivileged 逆向歧视，反其道而行之的歧视*discriminatev. 1. (against, in favor of) unfairly treat one person or group worse or better than others 有差别地 对待2. see or make a d

28、ifference between things or people 区别，辨别，区分 contrastn. (to, with) a strong difference between two people, objects or situations 对比；对照v. examine (two things) in order to find or show differences 对比；对照excludevt. keep out from a place or an activity 阻止 进入； 把 排斥在夕卜 exclusionn. the act of excluding or fa

29、ct of being excluded 拒绝；排斥exclusivea. (of) not taking into account ; without ; excluding 不算； 不包括； 把 排斥在夕卜 exclusivelyad. only ； and nothing/no one else 排斥其他地；专有地；单独地immigranth. a person who has come to live in a country from abroad 移民；侨民 prejudicei. unfair and usually unfavorable feeling or opinion

30、about a group e.g.a nationality or race 歧 视；偏见；成见seriesj. 1. (of) a set or group of things of the same kind or related in some way, coming one after another or in order 系列；连接2. 丛书；广播(或电视)系列节目fascinatinga. having great attraction or charm 吸引人的；迷人的*fascinatevt. (with) charm powerfully ； be very intere

31、sting to 强烈地吸引；迷住disturbinga. causing worry or fright 令人不安的；令人烦恼的disturbvt. 1. break the peace or order of 扰乱；打扰2. cause to become anxious or upset 使心神不安；使烦恼*disturbancen. 1. an act of disturbing or the state of being disturbed 打扰；扰乱2. sth. that disturbs 造成干扰的事物kindergartenn. a school or class for y

32、oung children, usu. between the ages of four and six 幼儿园*counterpartn. a person or thing that has the same purpose or does the same job as another in a different system 对应的人(或物)；对手(方 )batteryn. 1. (of) a set or number of things of the same kind occurring in rapid succession 一组；一系列2. 电池(组)*convergevi

33、. (of two or more things) come together towards the same point (在一点上)会合；集中the bottom linethe basic point 基本要点 imbuev. (with)(usu. pass.) to fill with (sth., often a strong feeling or opinion) 常被动灌输(某种强 烈的情感或意见)*offspringn. a child or children from particular parents 子女；后代 criticala. 1. providing a c

34、areful judgment of the good and bad qualities of sth. 判断(或评价)审慎的2. 批判的3. 关键的criticize (-cise)v. 1. make judgments about the good or bad points of 评论2. judge with disapproval ； point out the faults of 批评；指责 criticismn. unfavorable judgment or expression of disapproval 批评；指责 curriculumn. the program o

35、f study offered in a school, college, etc. 课程，大纲 factorn. any of the facts, conditions, influences, etc. that act with others to bring about a result 因素， 要 素outstandinga. 1. better than others, very good 杰出的；优秀的2. easily seen, important 显要的；重要的*heritagen. a tradition, custom, or quality which is pas

36、sed down over many years within a family, social group, or nation and which is thought of as belonging to all its members 继承物，遗产；传统philosophyn. 哲学sagen. sb., esp. an old man or historical person, known for his wisdom and long experience 圣贤；哲 人primarya. 1. chief, main 主要的2. earliest in time or order

37、of development 最初的 ingredientn. 1. one of the essential parts of a situation 因素；要素2. 成分 centrala. 1. chief, main, of greatest importance 主要的，最重要的2. being (at, in, or near) the center (位居)中心的*orientationh. a direction or position 取向；方位；定位*repayvt. reward ； pay back 偿还；回报obligationi. sth. that one mus

38、t do out of a duty or promise 义务；责任 guiltj. 1. the feelings produced by knowledge or belief that one has done wrong 内疚2. the fact of having broken a moral rule or official law 罪(行) bondn. 1. sth. that unites two or more people, or groups, such as a shared feeling or interest 联结； 联系2. 公债，债券3. 合约 craw

39、lvi. & n. 爬(行)horrifyvt. shock greatly ； fill with horror 吓；使感惊骇 unhealthya. 1. likely to cause illness or poor health 有碍健康的2. not very strong or well, often ill 体弱多病的，不结实的，不健康的*naivea. 1. too willing to believe or trust 轻信的2. without experience (as of social rules or behaviour), esp. because one is

40、 young 幼稚的； 天真的 *transplantvt. move sth. from one place and plant, settle or establish elsewhere 移植；移居 recommendationn. 1. suggestion, piece of advice 建议2. 推荐信 vacationn. (esp. AmE) holiday 假期；休假 vastlyad. 1. very greatly 非常大地2. 广阔地 vasta. 1. very large and wide 广阔的；广大的2. great in amount 大量的 positiv

41、ea. 1. (of people) sure, having no doubt about sth. 无疑问的；确定的2. certain, beyond any doubt 肯定的3. (of a statement) direct 正面的spann. 1. the length of time over which a stated thing continues or works well 持续时间2. 跨度；跨距attention spana length of time over which one can concentrate 注意力的持续时间 Phrases and Expr

42、essionsmake it (to) (a place)succeed in getting (to) (a place) 成功抵达某地owe tohave (sth. good) because of 把 归功于 imbue with(use. pass.) fill (sb), with (sth.), esp. a strong feeling or opinion 常被动 向一 灌输 by contrastvery differently (from sth. previously mentioned) ； on the other hand 对比之下get aheadbe succ

43、essful in ones career 获得成功；出头have what it takes(infml.) have the qualifications necessary for success 具备取得成功的必要条件spring frombe a product or result of ； originate from 发源于；来自cant wait (for sth.)be excited about and eager (for sth.) 迫不及待，等不及第三单元jointa. shared, held or done by two or more people 共享的；共有

44、的；共同做的joint venturen. 合资企业conflictn. 1. a state of serious disagreement or argument about sth. important 抵触；争论2. war or battle; struggle 战争；战斗；冲突vi. (with) 冲突；抵触*multituden. a large number of 大批；大量*escalatev. make or become greater or more serious (使)逐步升级；(使)逐步加剧 emotionala. 1. having or causing str

45、ong feelings (令人)情绪激动的2. concerned with emotions and feelings 感情(上)的；情绪(上)的partyn. a person or group of people involved in an argument, agreement, or other activity, esp. a legal matter (条约、诉讼、争论等中的)一方，当事人exclaimv. speak or say loudly and suddenly, because of surprise or other strong feelings (由于惊讶、

46、痛苦、愤怒、高兴等而)叫嚷，叫喊installationn. 1. 安装；设置2. 装置；设备managementn. 1. the people who control and organize a business or other organization 管理层；管理部门2. 管理；经营equipmentn. the set of things needed for a particular activity 设备；装备qualifieda. having suitable knowledge or qualifications, esp. for a job 胜任的；合格的quali

47、fyv. （cause to） gain a certain level of knowledge, ability, or performance, or a qualification （使）取得资格contractn. a formal written agreement, having the force of law, between two or more people or groups 合 同，契约v. l. 订（约）；承包2. 收缩，缩小distrustv. lack trust in; mistrust 不信任；怀疑n. lack of trust; mistrust 不信

48、任；怀疑representvt. 1. act or speak officially for （another person or group of people） 代表2. 象征；体现naturallyad. 1. in a manner to be expected, as a natural result 可预期地，自然地3. according to the nature of sb. or sth. 天生地；天然地nonassertivea. not expressing or tending to express strong opinions or claims 谦虚的；不武断

49、的behavio（u）rn. manner of acting 行为；举止partnern. a person who shares （in the same activity） 合伙人；合作者；伙伴*expertisen. special skill or knowledge in a particular field 专门知识（或技能、意见等），专长*bachelorn. an unmarried man 未婚男子；单身汉*profitablea. producing or resulting in profit or advantage 有利（可图）的，有赢利的；有益的thrivevi.

50、 develop well and be healthy, strong, or successful 繁荣；茁壮成长properlyad. 1. suitably, correctly, sensibly 适当地；正确地2. really, actually, exactly 真正地tatamin. （日）榻榻米（指日本人铺在房内地板上的稻草垫）matn. 1. a small piece of carpet or other thick material which is put on the floor for protection,decoration, or comfort 地席；席

51、子2. 垫子apparenta. 1. (to) clearly seen or understood 显然的，明明白白的2. seeming; according to appearance 表面上的*surpassvt. exceed; go beyond in amount, quality, or degree 超过；超越loyallyad. faithfully 忠诚地，忠实地loyala. faithful 忠诚的，忠实的departuren. 1. the act of leaving a place 离开；启程2. turning away from what is plann

52、ed or what is usually done 背离；违反 contextn. 1. the general conditions in which sth. takes place 背景；环境2. what comes before and after a word or sentence which helps to fix the meaning 上下文 horrora. (of a story or film) intended to be very frightening (文学作品、电影等)意在引起恐怖的n. a strong feeling caused by sth. e

53、xtremely unpleasant 恐惧；震惊proposevt. 1. suggest; put forward for consideration 建议；提出2. (as, to be) put forward to be voted on 提名，推荐approver. (of) agree (officially) to 同意，批准accountantn. 会计师personneln. 1.the department in an organization that deals with employees, keeps their records, and helps with a

54、ny problems they might have 人事部门2. 总称职员justifyvt. give a good reason for 证明 正当(或有理)*justificationn. a good or proper reason for doing sth. 正当的理由；辩解的理由payrolln. a list of workers employed by a company and the amount of wages each person is to be paid 工 资表；在职人员名单sensiblea. 1. reasonable； having or sho

55、wing good sense 合情合理的；明白事理的2. (of) knowing ； aware 知道的；意识到的crazya. 1. (infml.) foolish or strange 愚蠢的；古怪的2. (infml.) wildly excited; very keen or interested 着迷的；热衷的accompanyvt. 1. go with, esp. on a journey 陪同；陪伴2. (fml.) appear or exist at the same time or in the same place as 和 一 一起发生(存在) ensurevt

56、. (esp. BrE) make (sth.) certain to happen 保证，担保 viewpointn. point of view ； a particular way of considering or judging a situation, person, event, etc. 观点； 看法Phrases and Expressionsrun intounexpectedly begin to experience; meet by chance 意外遇到；偶然遇到a multitude of/multitudes ofa very large number of 许多，众多due tobecause of; caused by 由于，因为by namewith the name of 名叫get into the habit ofdevelop a regular way of doing (sth.) 养成 的习惯come to an end(of sth. which goes on for a while) finish, stop 结束；终了pick upacquire