SAT填空词汇数学讲义

1、SAT词汇、填空、数学讲义1 .掌握单词构成，基本前缀，基本后缀;2 .学会基本重构的方法；3 .对高考要求单t进行重构；4 . SAT网状词汇学习单词分类高兴生气轻视初级单词中级单词高级单词词汇是SAT高分的必要非充分条件!SAT对词汇要求：主考单词：伴考单词：二 如何背单词1 .单词是有智慧的，背单词也是需要智慧的！（1） 一般形式：（特点，很多时候单词本义丢掉）很多单词的本义都丢失掉了，而且SAT词汇的情景义大多是考察的单词的比喻义或者引申义。比如举一个比较典型的例子：Fastidious很多词汇书给出的意思是挑剔的，难以取悦的，要求高的”，其实单词的本义是表示 挑食的（fast来自于b

2、reakfast这个单词的词根，表示 绝食”的意思，ous这个后缀表示过多的：过多的绝食”，所以单词的意思为挑食的”，后来使用范围扩大，引申为 挑剔的”，其实难以取悦的，要求高的”，只是换了一个说法而已。）附录1:前缀表前缀时间义空间义特殊义举例a+XX一再问前Abbreviate accountable addict affable annihilate assay appropriateAb不再远离不再Abnormal abrogate abstain abort abolish abdicate abstemious abstracteda+V./N.由动作或名称变为状态Astray a

3、wry abate amass aghast aligna+adj表小否TEAtypical apolitical anomalous amoralAnti/ante不再在刖对抗Antipathy antithesis anterior antecedent antitoxin antiseptic antiwarBe+V.加强Befuddle-fuddlebemoan-mournbeguile-guilebeget-getbefall-fallbefriend-friendbegrudge-grudgebecome-come because-causeco/com/con/cof加强共同做C

4、ooperate collaborate corroborate coexist confirm confoundcounter/contra在.对面对等Counterpart counterpoint counterclockwisecounterfeit contradict controversialcata/cate向下Categorical catalog catalyze catastrophicde/di加强向下使变坏Degrade defame denounce decry detest derail decline descend deface dehumanize defe

5、rDis不再分开加强Dismiss disintegrate dissipateDispatch disseminate disillusionDia相对Dialect diaphanous dialogueEn/em一再进入Enlighten roughen widen emphasizeE/ec/ex/ef出来Erectile eclectic exclaim effortlessEpi在外面Epidermis epidemic epitomizeIn/im/ir/ilInter/intro不再进入Infamous immoral irrevocable 川ogical interfere

6、 introvert IntrospectiveMis/mal不再Misunderstand misfit malcontent malfeasance malfunction malnutrition malicious malpractice malignantNon/nay不再Nonspeaking naysayerOb/oc/op/of一再问前不再Obsequious obstruct oblivion obliterate opponent opposite officious occlude opaquePre向前（已 发生）问前PrescribeproscribePremisep

7、romisePrecedingproceedingPro问前（未 发生）问前Per一再共同使变坏Perspective perfectionPervert perfunctory perfidy persecuteProspectiveperspectiveProsecutepersecutePeri在外面Perimeter peripheralRe/retro一再向后不再Regressive recessiveRenounce refuse refute resent refugeSe一分为Separate seclude seduceSub/suc/suf一再在卜面Subordinate

8、subsequent subconscious sufficient successive succinctSup/super一再在上面过多Support suppose superficial superfluoussuperior supersedeSy/sys/syn一再共同Synopsis system synchronizationTrans/tra穿过Transparent translucent transportTraduction traversePara越过相等在.旁边Parallel paramount parameter parasite paraphraseUn不再W

9、ith一再加强Withstand withdraw witherHyper过高HypercriticalhypocriteHypertensionhypotension hypothesisHypo过低precede:perspective:imminent:proceed:prospective:eminent:preeminent:assignaccept announceacclaimassentapproach approbateresignreceiptrenouncereclaimresent reproachreprobate附录2:后缀及后缀的附加义动词后缀：ate ify i

10、ze en ish形容词后缀：ate y ile able ible tive sive ulent ous ant ent名词后缀：抽象名词：ment sure ture sion tion ism sis ia titude实义名词：er ee or ant ent ist rium ary ory后缀附加义举例Ile容易的Facile, futile, versatile, agile, servile, tactile, ductile, docileOus过多的（贬义多）Officious, credulous, voracious, clamorous, loquacious, p

11、resumptuousTive/sive过多的Assertive incisive demonstrative acquisitive inquisitiveAnt/ent高的Efficient petulantAble/ible可的注息: 以下单词不IItk何 的 ：agreeable considerable perishabletractable admirable predictableful充满的Less少的Or/idCandid-candor , splendid-splendor , stupor-stupid , fervid-fervor , rigid-rigor-rigo

12、rous , timid-timorousIfy/ize化Calcify clarify liquefy petrify由于后缀不同所引起的单词imperial皇家的Imperious傲慢的credulous轻信的credible值得相信的desirable值得得到的Desirous渴望的momentary瞬间的Momentous重要的deciduous落叶的decisive决定性的judicial法官的Judicious有判断力的facial脸上的Facetious诙谐的official官方的Officious爱管闲事的improvident 贫穷的improvisational 即兴的pr

13、odigal浪费的Prodigious 天才的indigenous 本土的indigent贫穷的Considerable相当大的Considerate考虑周到的expedient权宜之计的Expeditious 快速的audible可以听到的Auditory听觉的sensitive敏感的sensible可以感知的respective 分另 1 的Respectable值得尊敬的respectful 尊敬的Respected尊敬的competent能胜任的Competitive的Collected镇定的Collective 集体的Comprehensive 广泛的comprehensible可以

14、理解的grateful感激的Gratuitous无缘无故的confident有自信心的Confidential 秘密的economic经济学的Economical 节约的virtual虚拟的virtuous道德的innocent无辜的innocuous无毒的negligent忽视的Negligible可忽视的notable明显的，值得尊敬Notorious臭名昭著的Inscrutable不可以巡查的Scrupulous 谨慎的righteous正直的right正确的sociable爱好社交的social社会的tangible可接触到的tangent相切的informed无所不知的Informa

15、tive 信息的libelous诽谤的，中伤的liberal慷慨的Sinister邪恶的Sinuous弯曲的viscid粘性的viscous邪恶的timid胆小的Timorous胆小的rigid刚性的Rigorous严格的insidious阴险的inside在里面的literal照字面的literary文学的Visceral重要的，内脏的Viscous邪恶的tenacious固执的Tenuous稀薄的Obsolete过时的Obsolescent 过时的Sedentary久坐的Sedulous勤奋的Sedative镇定的ostensible表面的，假装的Ostentatious 浮夸的studi

16、ed做作的studious好学的，勤奋的historical 历史的histrionic像演戏一样的附录3:词根变化及词根表第一类：词根变化 形变体(针对词根中的辅音)(1) ct与g/x互换:sanct/sang 神圣，tract/trag 拉，pract/prag 实践，dict/dicat/dig 说，lect/leg/lex 说，pict/pig 画，act/ag 行动,sect/seg 切，tact/tag/tect/teg/tict/tig/tanct/tang/tinct/ting/tac/tach/touch 接触、触摸，doct/dog/dox 理论，luct/lug 悲伤；

17、(2) 2)字母重排：star-astr星星，vac/cav 空洞，arch/arc/cra 统治，ugly/ugl/ulg 怪物；(3) u/v/w 互换：vad/wad 走，volu/volv 旋转，vi/wi邪恶，van/wan 空；(4) t/d/s互换：这种互换很常见，对于衍生词变化时，基本上都会涉及到，mit/mis运送，vert/vers转，vid/vis/vit 看；(5) 5) m/n 互换:phan/phen/phem 出现，don/dom 统治；第二类：词根变化 一一音变体(针对词根中的元音)举区J： treach/trick/tric/chic 阴谋：chicanery

18、 treacherous intricate extricate inextricable ； money/min/muni 钱财：mint munificent ；know/no/nor/not 知道：ignore ignorant prognosticate diagnosis notable notify connotation denote ； noun/nun/ non 发声： denounce announce renounce enunciate pronounce Point/punct/pung 点、刺：expunge compunction pungent acupunct

19、ure动词性词根转Vert/vers volu/volv/volplict/plex/plicat拿Cept/ceive/ceit tain/ten/tin hibit prehend走Cede/ceed/cess gress/greg vad/wad amb vent/vene cur拉Pul tract/trag ten/tens/tent str看Vi/vid/vis/voyspect/spec/spic听aud rog说Dict/dicat/dig lect/leg/lexlog/loq/loc fab/fa claim/clam fess摸Touch/tach/tect/teg/ta

20、g/tact/tanct/tang/tinct/ting/tin/tig/tict吃Vor/vour eat/ate喝Soup/sip/sap/seep等Para equ刺Point/punct/pung落Cip/cap hap cid/cad/cas/cay scend行Nav/nau act/ag生Nat/na/nais做Fact/fect/fag/feit/fit/fac/feat fort erg/erc运Mit/mis port it fer跑Fug弯Ply tort流fus/fut flow/flu riv吓Ton/toun/tun造Struct站Stand sist切Cis/ci

21、d tom ana sect/seg引duct/duc gest cit碰Scuss坐Sit/set/sed/sid/sess令Mand写Scribe sign挂Pend/pens插Sert/sers直Rect right扰Turb统Dorm/dom/don摩Ras/rad放Pos lay/lai pon loc藏Cond harbor ceal/seal流Riv flow/flu fus/fut关Close/clud/clos折Rupt flect/flexfract/frag刺Point/punct/pung成Form mat/met量Meas/met/mes挖Dig/dict mine管

22、Mon接Nect/nex知Know/no/nor/not感Path/pass sent/sens投Ject推Pel记Mines mem min联系Soc分类Sort变化Var征服Vict vine害怕Hor诅咒Cus/curs选择Lect/leg/lig opt装饰Orn折磨tort flict暗小Lus/lud分开Lyz ana烦扰noy/nois对抗Gon关心Cern/car/cur倾斜Cline相信Cred fid打包Pack patch争论Put复发Lapse错过For玩弄lus/lud浸入mers/merg结束Fin趋势Tend跟随sequ/secu产生Gen侵入trud/trus名

23、词性词根水Wat/was hydr lu/lut aqua lav木Lumb timb cumb log car/char声Soun/sun/son phone火Flam土Hum terr价Price/prec val光Lu/lut light镜Mir农Agr/egr快乐Mus/maz艺术Art神Hol sanct/sang dign/din/dain sacr/secr the房House/hus/hos/host中间Med/mid/mod边Lat身Phys corp心Cord card heart头Head capt脸Face手Man/main脚Ped/pod鼻Ol眼Op钱Muni pen

24、半Semi一Mono uni一Du di bi ambi三Tri四Quart百Cent圆circ cyc角Ang花Flower flor flour狗Cyn错误Err人民Pop dem速度Cele velo能力Apt/ept形状Morph时间Chron tempt/time规范Nom/norm石头Cal中心Center/centr美丽Bea bell自我Ego生命anim enem顺序Ord满足Sat巡查Scru法律lit leg父亲PartMatr儿子Fili灵魂Soul/Sol形容词性词根重Grav heav高alt/tal好au/eu/av大Max macro maj小Min micro

25、多Muni multi poly ple恶truc/troc真Ver静Quie俗Vulg空Van/wan vac/cav void empt新New nov相同Homo不同HeteroSession 2: Special wordsAboveboardHeadstrong:Evenhanded:Underhanded:Heavy-handed:Outgoing :Even-tempered:Easygoing:Lighthearted :openhanded:Carefree:closehanded:Hardheaded：underhanded:Headlong :self-critical

26、：Lightheaded :self-effacementself-deprecatory： self-serving: self-righteous: self-suggestion: self-sufficiency: self-conscious： crestfallen: downcast: barefaced sharp-edged Timeworn OutdatedThreadbare Two-edged Shopworn Painstaking Time-consuming Sidestep Underrepresented avant-garde: flashback: bac

27、kfire: multifaceted: variegated: vainglorious: blacksmith: goldsmith: flotsam: bittersweet: agreeable melancholy: agonizing bliss: overriding: overarching:earth-boundedhouse-boundedhistory-boundedfree-rangedgroundbreakinggrimacehodgepodgepell-mellhogwashill-conceivedopen-handedwarlikelike-mindedluke

28、warmopen-endedopen-mindedoutlandishoutburstoutwardlyoveralloverhauloverthrowoverarchingoverbearingoverhearoverlookoversightoverweeningpainstakingpigheadedpennyworthtrustworthypraiseworthycounterproductiveoffbeatonslaughtoutlawoverweighoverwroughtself-evidentself-explanationaryself-interestshortsight

29、edshortchangeshowcaseskin-prickingwell-worn1. Compose （组成） composition （组成，作文） composer （作曲家）Composecomposed （镇定的）composure （镇定）Composed： serenely self-possessed and free from agitation especially in times of stress2. affect （影响）affected （做作的）disaffected （不满的）3. person （个人）personal （个人的）impersonal （

30、不受个人感情影响的）4. test （测试）testy （易怒的，暴躁的）一 testing （吃力的）5. demanddemanding （要求多且苛刻的）6. exhaust （耗尽）exhaustive （无遗漏的，彻底的，详尽的）7. fortitude 刚毅 , fortuitous 偶然的,意外的8. Category （分类） categorical （绝对的）9. consequences （结果）consequential （重要的）10. Compel （强迫）compelling （引人注目的）11. remit （减弱，缓和）unremitting （不间断的）12.

31、 try （尝试）trying （费劲的，令人厌烦的）= harsh13. Consume consuming ： very intense 强烈的14. exact exacting 要求苛刻的16. condescend/patronizecondescending/patronizing （以恩惠态度对待的， 参第讲）17. halt （停止） halting （一病一拐的）15 touch touching ， moving （动人的）18. haunt （常用的haunt around指经常出没于）haunting （萦绕于心的）19. stagger 蹒跚 staggering s

32、taggeringly 惊人的20. domesticate （教化） domesticity （喜欢家庭）21. demean （贬低）demeanor （行为）22. accompany （陪同） accomplice （同犯，共谋）23. agree何意的）agreeable 极好的24. Predict （预测） predictable （毫无创意的，特别是修饰音乐或者绘画的时候）25. assume （假设）assuming （傲慢的，不逊的），unassuming （谦逊的，不装腔作势）26. noise （噪声）noisome （有害的）27. commit （犯罪，衷心）com

33、mitted （衷心的）noncommittal 不表示意见的（refusing to bind oneself to a particular course of action or view or the like ）29. Study studious （好学的）30. Industry industrious （勤奋的）31. efface （抹掉）self-effacement （自谦）32. gratify （使满意）gratuitous （无缘无故的，免费的）33. refine （提炼）refined （有修养的）34. effort （努力）effortless （容易的）3

34、5. prohibit 限制 prohibitive 贵的买不起的36. impose 强加 imposing 壮丽的，令人难忘的37. 美丽的，吸引人的： take-taking, engross-engrossing, invite-inviting, compel-compelling, arrest-arresting, intrigue-intriguing38. intrude-intrusive 侵扰性的，挨打饶人的39. assume assuming unassumingpretend pretentiouspresume presumptuous40. scrupulous

35、unscrupulous41. abstract abstracted42. calculate calculated43. captivate captivating captive44. opinion-opinionated45. penetrate penetrating46. sweep sweepingWords with different meanings :contain:flag:appropriate:check:address:wry:negotiate:bark:charge:smart:bent:bear:visit:hatch:critical:fashion:w

36、orldly:capricious:balloon:prevail:base:champion:sugar:sweep:absolute:automatic:208 词组安抚 : placate pacify mollify console solace lull傲慢 : imperious haughty hubris supercilious presumptuous assuming cavalier surly抱怨 : disgruntle complaint plaintive卑贱 : servile submissive subservient base sordid悲伤 : do

37、leful lugubrious / 沮丧 : bleak despondent depressed dejected crestfallen悲痛 : wrenching bemoan lamentable笨拙 : cumbersome maladroit awkward ponderous clumsy避免 : shun avoid avert circumvent贬低 : demean debase defile defame decry deface博学 : erudite pundit informed knowledgeable测量 : calibrate gauge fathom

38、scrutinize嘲笑 : deride scorn mock scoff snide sneer jeer沉思 : reflect ponder contemplate deliberate intentional陈腐：clich b)anal commonplace platitude platitudinous trite斥责 : reprove reprobate reprimand reproach castigate chide censure scold出乎意料 : backfire ill-conceived传染 : contagious flammable inflamma

39、ble慈善家 : philanthropist benefactor脆弱:frail fragile delicate翠绿:verdant vibrant单调:monotonous insipid ennui胆小:coward cowardice timorous trepid敌意 : enmity animosity inimical animus典范 : epitome paradigm paragon apotheosis调解 : reconcile mediate moderate intermediary动乱 : commotion upheaval disorder独裁 : aut

40、ocrat dictator monarch totalitarian短视:shortsighted myopic短暂:ephemeral transient transitory temporary对抗:confront contradict antagonize多情:sentimental maudlin nostalgia mawkish多样 : diverse varied versatile multifaceted nefarious eclectic恶臭 : fragrant fetid gusting noisome恶化 : aggravate exacerbate deter

41、iorate debilitate worsen乏味 : tedious dull insipid inane torpid繁重: onerous burdensome反叛: rebellion rebellious insurrection insurgent芳香 : flagrant redolent aromatic odoriferous scent放弃 : abandon discard dessert abstinence诽谤 : exasperate slander aspiration revile vilify分歧 : dissent dissident dissonant

42、discordant丰富 : copious opulent corpulent abundant讽刺 : ironic wry sarcastic sardonic satirical讽刺诗歌 : parody lampoon satire奉承 : flatter obsequious fawning blandish adulterate否认: gainsay naysay deny disclaim腐败: putrid stale contaminated复仇 : nemesis vindictive retaliate revenge avenge复杂 : intricate comp

43、licated complex convoluted复制:duplicate replicate copy phony概括:summary synopsis compendium干涉:meddle interfere intervene高兴:exultant elated exhilarating delighted格言 : axiom aphorism proverb adage epigram sententious广阔 : worldly cosmopolitan global broad计量 冷斗法 适蔼亮 悔退解 忆合泼 励烈兆 兴刻持 决难朴 弱洁别 猾壤约 出慎欲 妙大绝 强复慨

44、 刻望张 热喜惑 诡计 过量 寒冷 好斗 合法 合适 和蔼 洪亮 后悔 后退 缓解 回忆 混合 活泼 激励 激烈 吉兆 即兴 尖刻 坚持 坚决 艰难 俭朴 减弱 简洁 鉴别 狡猾 接壤 节约 杰出 谨慎 禁欲 精妙 巨大 拒绝 倔强 康复 慷慨 苛刻 渴望 夸张 狂热 狂喜好斗 合法 合适 和蔼 洪亮 后悔 后退 缓解 回忆 混合 活泼 激励 激烈 吉兆 即兴 尖刻 坚持 坚决 艰难TWchicanery calculating duplicityplethora surplus surfeit excessive overdose spatefrigid cryogenic freezing

45、pugnacious bellicose belligerent antagonisticlegitimate legal licit judicialapposite appropriate apt meetaffable amiable amicable amenable amityplangent stentor supersonicremorseful regret rueful pensiveretreat retract regress recessivecathartic palliative refreshingremember remind reminiscence reco

46、llect nostalgiamotley amalgam medley multifacetedmercurial mischievous childishelectrify motivate galvanize energize invigoratevehement tremendous turbulent severeauspicious propitiousimprovise improvisational extemporize ad-lib impromptuincisive trenchant strident sharp-edgedperseverant tenacious s

47、teadfast, hold fast to, persistent unyielding imperturbable resolute decisive determinedstrenuous arduousaustere frugal thrift artlessmitigate abate diminish lessen, let upconcise terse succinct laconicinsightful clairvoyant perspicacious discriminating discerniblevoluptuous sly craftycontiguous adj

48、acent adjunctspare economical husband unadorned austereoutstanding excellent eminent preeminentcautious circumspect vigilant wary charyabstemious stoic ascetic temperatecontrived elaborate subtleenormous elephantine mammoth titanic giganticrefuse renounce repudiate declineobstinate obdurate intracta

49、ble rambunctious refractory fractious stubbornrevive rehabilitate recuperate renaissancemagnanimous beneficent munificent generous largessedemanding exacting taxing fastidious finicky captious carpanticipate wistful, long forexaggerate hyper hyperbole brag bombastic braggart bombardfanatic frenetic

50、zealotry zealot maniaecstatic delirium deliriousconfuse confound bewilder befuddle fuddle obfuscate困境 : stalemate dilemma quandary impasse浪费 : prodigal extravagant profligate lavish improvident dissipation冷淡 : nonchalant aloof indifferent dispassionate冷静 : analgesic anodyne sedate aplomb phlegmatic礼

51、貌 : decorous refined polite prudential连续 : repeated continuous incessant unremitted吝啬 : miserly stinting stingy penurious鲁莽 : reckless cursory temerity imprudent rude crude麻木 : numb callous turgid stolid满足 : satiate satisfy, cater to蔓延 : rampant pervasive矛盾: paradoxical contradictory controversial魅力

52、: charismatic charm winsome免罪 : exonerate exculpate敏捷 : adroit astute ambidextrous dexterous adept dept expert swift明显 : conspicuous perspicuous evident apparent obvious notable axiomatic模仿 : mimic mimetic imitate mirror模糊 : murky opaque gloomy translucent偶然 : fortuitous serendipitous haphazard occa

53、sional赔偿 : remunerate redress restitute compensate抨击 : calumniate impugn harangue rail against膨胀 : distend expand inflate dilatory疲劳 : weary plague exhausted tiresome骗子:charlatan swindler fraud贫穷:indigent penniless impecunious deprived平静:placid serene tranquil quiet破旧:debris dilapidated ruinous欺骗 : dupe deceive swindle beguile shortchange