翻译疑问句的讲解及练习

1、反意疑问句的讲解及练习由“陈述句+附加疑问句”两部分构成。一般有两种形式：前肯后否或前否后肯。 对附加疑问部分应注意以下几点：1）主语只能用人称代词；2）附力口疑问句的not必须与（be /助/情）缩写；3）附加疑问句的时态必须与陈述部分的时态一致。eg.1）Tom is a worker, isn't Tom?（找错）2）You can swim, can not you?（ 找错）3）He had lunch, doesn't he?（ 找错）特别注意以下几种反意疑问句1 .陈述部分含否定意味的词（few, little,never, nothing, nobody, no

2、, hardly,none）,附加疑问句应使用肯定形式（但前缀词unhappy, unlike, disappear 等列外）eg. They are unhappy, aren't they?2 .陈述部分的主语是 everything, something, nothing, anything时，附加 疑问句 的主语应用 it ; 陈述部分的主语是everybody, somebody, nobody, everyone, no one 时，附力口疑问句的主语应用they oeg.1）Everything is ready,?2）Everyone is here,?3 .陈述部分是

3、 祈使句时,附加 疑问句一般用:will you?但注意：Let's ，shall we?Let us ，will you?4 .陈述部分含 must时，附加疑问句一般用needn't.eg. I must finish my work now,?5 .陈述部分是there be 结构时，应用there be 结构来完成。eg. There's little water,*6.陈述部分含宾语从句时,疑问部分通常与主句一致。但当主句的谓语动词是think,believe 且主语是I , we 时，即：I / We think (believe) +宾从，则附加问句应与从句

4、一致I'm sure +宾从也是7如此eg.1)She said I did it,?2)We don't think you are right,?3)I'm sure you'll help me,?*7.I'm ，aren't I?eg.I am older than you,?8 .陈述部分含had better, 疑问部分应用 had better 来回答。eg. You'd better go out ,?9 .陈述部分是感叹句，附加问句的人称代词应与主语一致。eg. 1)What a kind girl,?2)What a

5、fine day,?练习()1.You had to work for 10 hours yesterday,?A. didn't you B. did not youC. had not you D. did you()2.Don't eat too much,?A. will you B. don't you C. do you D. can you()3.Lily looks like Lucy,?A. is Lily B. isn't sheC. does Lily D. doesn't she()4.-You didn't change

6、 your mind, did youA. No, I didn't B. Yes, did IC. No, I did D. Yes, I didn't()5.The woman hardly let her daughter go to school,she ?A. does B. doesn't C. did D. didn't()6.Be sure to come to the parents' meeting on time,?A. will you B. aren't youC. can't you D. mustn'

7、t you()7.Let's have a good rest,?A. will we B. do weC. shalln't we D. shall we()8.He has never ridden a horse before,?A. does he B. has heC. hasn't he D. doesn't()9.Tom has supper at school,?A. hasn't he B. has heC. doesn't he D. does he()10.There is little water in the glass

8、,?A. isn't there B. isn't itC. is it D. is there否定意义的词否定意义的词 (1)当陈述部分有never , seldom, hardly , few , little , barely, scarcely, nothing , none,rarely等否定意义的词汇时，后面的反意疑问句则为肯定形式：eg: There are few apples in the basket, are there?He can hardly swim, can he?They seldom come late, do they?（ 2） 当陈述部分

9、含有否定意思的词是unhappy,dislike,unfriendly 等含有否定词缀的派生词，也就是有un-前缀、-less后缀等含有词缀而意思否定的词， 当做肯定句处理，疑问部分要用否定形式。如： He looks unhappy,doesn't he? 他看上去不高兴，不是吗？The girl dislikes history,doesn't she? 这女孩不喜欢历史，不是吗？有 less,fewer 等词视为肯定词，疑问部分用否定形式。如： There will beless pollution, won't there?表示主语主观意愿的词含有 think,

10、 believe, suppose, imagine, expect 等动词后接宾语从句构成的主从复合句在构成反意疑问句时，视情况不同有两种不同的构成方式。（1.）当主句的主语为第一人称时，其后的简短问句应与从句相一致。例如：I expect our English teacher will be back this weekend, won't she/he?We suppose you have finished the project, haven't you?值得注意的是，当这些动词后接的宾语从句的否定转移到主句时，其仍属否定句，故其后的简短问句应用肯定式，而非否定式。

11、例如：I don't believe that he can translate this book, can he?We don't imagine the twins have arrived, have they?此类句子的回答同 " 前否后肯" 型反意疑问句一样，如上述后一个句子，若双胞胎已经到了，则回答为 "Yes, they have." ；若尚未到达，使用"No, they haven't." 。（2） . 当主句的主语为第二、三人称时，其后的简短问句则应与主句相一致（此时，否定只看主句，与从句无

12、关.）。例如： Your sister supposes she needs no help, doesn't she?You thought they could have completed the project, didn't you?They don't believe she's an engineer, do they?She doesn't expect that we are coming so soon, does she?（3）但如果主句的时态是过去时等等，疑问句应和主句的人称时态保持一致。had better 或 have陈述部分

13、有had better, 或其中的have 表示完成时态时，疑问句应用hadnt等开头：You d better get up early, hadn t you? 其他情况句中有have 时疑问句应用don't 等开头如 have 表示 “有 ”的时候，有两种形式：（ have 表示有 可用 do 或 have 来改写）-He has two sisters,doesn'the? =He has two sisters,hasn't he?-He doesn't have anysisters,does he?祈使句当陈述部分是祈使句时，疑问句要根据语气来表达

14、，分三种情况：1 ）一般情况下用will you 或 won't you 。e.g. Give me a hand,will you?Leave all the things as they are,won't you?2）以 Let's 开头的祈使句，前肯后可肯可否，前否后只可，疑问句必须用shallwe;只有以Let us （听话人不被包括在“US'里面）或Let me开头的祈使句，问 句才用 will you 。e.g. Let us know the time of your arrival .Let ” s try again,shall we? Le

15、t me help you,will you?Let s have a look on your book ， will you ？（听话人不包括在us 里面）3）当陈述句是否定的祈使句时，问句可用will you 或 can you 。 e.g.Don't make much noise,will/can you?There be 句型There be 句型中，反义疑问部分必须为be 动词 + thereThere are some apples in the basket, aren't there?There isn't any milk left, is the

16、re?must.当陈述部分有情态动词must ，问句有4 种情况：（ 1 ） mustn't 表示 “禁止，不可，不必”时，附加问句通常要用must.You mustn't stop your car here,must you?你不能把车停在这地方，知道吗？（ 2） must 表示 “有必要 ”时，附加问句通常要用needn't. They mustfinish the work today,needn't they?他们今天要完成这项工作，是吗？（ 3）当 must 用来表示对现在的情况进行推测时，问句通常要根据must 后面的动词采用相应的形式。He mu

17、st be good at English,isn't he?他英语一定学得很好，是吗？（ 4） 当 must+have done 表示对过去的情况进行推测（一般句中有明确的过去时间状语），问句要根据陈述部分谓语的情况用“didn't+主语”或“ wasn't/weren't+ 主语 ”； 如果强调动作的完成（一般没有明确的过去时间状语），问句要用“ haven't/hasn't+ 主语 ”。 She must have read the novel lastweek,didn't she? 她上星期一定读了这本小说，是吗？You mus

18、thave told her about it,haven't you?你一定把这事告诉她了，是吗？练习1.1 t s very hot today, ?2. He can speak Chinese, ?3. Meimei studies in a middle school, ?4. He never gets up late , ?5. Don t go out at night, ?6. He never loves cold weather , ?7. You finished the task yesterday, ?1.1 t a good day for swimmin

19、g, is it?9 .Tom has been to Singapore , ?10 .The story is little interesting, ?11 .Everything starts to grow in spring, ?12 .He can hardly finish his homework, 13 .I m in Class 3,Grade 2,?14.Let s go shopping ,?15.She doesn t like climbing hills ,16.I don t think it is cold today, 17 . You think he

20、is a good flight attendant, ?18 .Nobody knows where she lives, ?19 .Few students can answer thequestion, ?20 .Mike likes English,?21 .That was a wonderful night,22 .Your sister helped him,23 .Tom is skating, ？24 .You aren t a teacher, ?25 .They haven t been to the Great Wall,_26 .You will join the soccer team,27 .He likes neither apples nor pears,_28 .There are some good books for you,_29 .They have been there twice,30 .Let s do it now, ?31 .You dislike this kind of gifts,32 .Nothing is impossible,33 .Everything is possible,34 .He doesn t go to school by bus, 35 .