届上海往年高考英语一模试题之时态语态专题复习

1、第 3 讲时态语态专题【奉贤】 I.Many grammar schools (22)_ (establish) hundreds of years agoto teach the Latin language to children who were not from rich families.【虹口】2. There are always some people radiating negativity in the work place.For them, the temperature is never right, the boss is always a fool, the ca

2、nteenfood is awful, and they (21)_ (treat) unfairly.3.“ The real problem is that the whiners don tfeel they are being takenseriously, said Xu Jun, HR manager at Guangqi Honda Automobile Co., Ltd.“ (30)_ (give) them advice or perspectives attentively and theproblem will usually disappear.”【黄浦】 4. Nat

3、ionally, Norway (23) _has experienced_(experience) an11% increase in tourism in the past decade.5. From just 1,000 tourists in the whole of 2010, Trolltunga, a piece of rock thatstands horizontally out of the mountain, (24) _saw_(see) 1,800visitors in one 2017 day alone.【金山】 6. With often nothing mo

4、re than a pencil in hand, the 47-year-old artistproduces elaborate drawings that could easily_ 22_(mistake) forthe work of any modern digital camera.【闵行】7. I had just started working in geriatrics(老年病科).Mr. McMahon21_ (bring) in when his body was found very swollen (浮肿的)【浦东】8. The Hollow Flashlight

5、is made from Peltier tiles (珀耳贴贴片) thatproduce energy when one side_26_ (heat) and the other sideremains cool.【青浦】9. Kevin assumed the person on the boat (22)_ (jump) outof it. “ Then I heard a warning signal with a loud sound,42.“ That s (23)_I realized somebody was in trouble.10. “I thought it was

6、 a life jacket,” “ Weisayscaught up to it, Irealized it (25)_ (attach) to a person.”【松江】11. We got up early to see the cows as they (23) _were milked (milk).I even tried my hand at milking one, and then joinedthe farmer as he released the cows into the field afterward.【徐汇】12. Conservators at the Nel

7、son-Atkins museum of art in Kansas Citysaid they discovered the dead insect in one of its star paintings, Vincent vanGogh s Olive Trees, when it (22)_(scan) as part of the research for acatalogue of its French painting collection.【杨浦】13. According to lifestyle website grapee.jp, slurping 发出哧溜声)when

8、eating noodles (23)_(encourage) in Japanese culture.【长宁嘉定】14.21 (Create) a system that can routinely hire andprepare teacherseffectively and can support successful teaching is the arena (竞技场)in which the United States 22 (fall) behind the most.15. Even if they do, there is little guarantee that the

9、quality of teaching 30(improve). Although there are good reasons to argue for stringer evaluationpractices for removing incapable teachers and for recognizing excellent ones, atheory that the major problems with teaching can be solved by carrots and sticksalone leaves the development of teaching abi

10、lities to chance.【静安】16. To business with garbage containers polluted with more than 10recyclables, warning (27)_(issue). If they fail to take action,fines are expected.【普陀】 17. The share prices of Thor Industries, the biggest RV-manufacturer inAmerica, and Winnebago, the third-largest, (21)_ (rise)

11、 by43% and 17%, respectively so far.18. The industry hopes that its poor record with foreign sales last year lessthan 1% of RVs produced domestically (27)_(ship) to foreignmarkets may improve, too.【宝山】19. The best beliefs are the ones that (22) will be cherished/ arecherished_ ( cherish) throughout

12、a lifetime. One belief I cherish above allothers is the power and enjoyment of reading.20. Books (30) helped_(help) me through difficult periods andapplauded me in times of celebration. Books always make me smile. That thebiggest reason I believe in reading, because it will make you happy.【崇明】 21. P

13、eople in Harpursville now hope the attention that April (28)_(draw) will translate into an economic development for the area.Harpursville was once a manufacturing base, but it has struggled financially inrecent years.考情解读动词的时态与语态是两个非常重要的语法范畴，构成了英语语法的基 本框架，几乎所有动词的考查都必须借助于时态和语态来完成。高考 试题在考查时态和语态的同时，还兼顾

14、其他语法内容的测试，比如各 种从句、强调句、倒装句等，其交叉式和复合式的特点尤为明显。其 考点主要包括：1 注重在语境中考查常见时态的区别，如一般过去时与现在完成时、 一般现在时（过去时）与现在（过去）进行时的区别等。要求准确判断动作 和时间的关系，正确理解时间概念，如是现在、过去还是将来，是时 间段、时间点还是时间瞬间。2. 遵循“情景立意”和“能力立意”的原则，考查在状语从句等特定 语言环境中时态的代替。要求吃透语境，摸清命题人的意图，善于捕 捉句子中所隐含的时间信息，克服汉语式的惯性思维。3. 把语态与时态结合在一起，进行综合考查。各种常用时态的被动语 态的构成，仍是高考命题的热点之一，

15、而且题干中有效信息越来越隐 蔽，试题难度呈现加大的趋势。要求明确谓语动词与主语的关系，分清是主动还是被动。4. 考查主动形式表示被动意义。对语境理解能力的要求逐步提高，且要重视有特殊用法的动词的运用。重点知识梳理、咼考常考的几种易混时态的辨析1. 一般现在时与现在进行时一般现在时主要用于习惯性或经常性动作，常伴随使用 usually, often ,seldom 等频度副词；现在进行时主要用于表示目前或现阶段正在进行 的动作或状态，常跟now, at present 等时间状语。He usually writes a lot of letters, but he isnt writing at

16、 present.他经常写许多信，但他现在没在写。(2) 表示客观事实或普遍真理时，要用一般现在时，不能用现在进行时。The Earth goes around the Sun.地球绕着太阳转。2. 一般过去时与过去进行时(1) 一般过去时表示一个完成的动作，而过去进行时表示过去某一阶段正在进行的动作。I was reading a novel last night.昨晚我在看小说(可能没看完)。I read a novel last night.我昨晚看了一本小说(已经看完了)。(2) 般过去时用于表示一个单纯动作，过去进行时用于表示过去一段 时间反复做的动作。Did he ask ques

17、tions?他提问题了吗？He was asking questions all the time.他始终在提问题。（3）般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作（侧重说明事实）,过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作（强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景）。He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午画了一张画（昨天下午他做了这么一件事）。He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午在画一张画（昨天下午他一直在画画，没干别的事）。（3）般过去时表示过去某个时刻发生的动作（侧重说明事实），

18、过去进行时表示过去某一时刻或某一段时间发生的动作（强调在这一过程中所进行的动作或展开的情景）。He drew a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午画了一张画（昨天下午他做了这么一件事）。He was drawing a picture yesterday afternoon.他昨天下午在画一张画（昨天下午他一直在画画，没干别的事）。3. 现在完成时与一般过去时（1）两者都表示发生在过去的动作。但现在完成时表示过去动作与现在 的关系，主要说明现在的情况；一般过去时强调动作发生在过去某一时间，与现在不发生联系。例如：Theyve gone to Paris.他们到

19、巴黎去了（说明他们现在去巴黎了，不在这里）。They went to Paris.他们去过巴黎（只说明去过，不表明是否现在仍在那里）。（2）现在完成时表示从过去发生到现在一段时间内的任何时间，可与far， up to now，lately，ever since 等表示包括现在一段时间的状语连用，但不能和表示过去时间的状语连用；一般过去时表示的是过去某一特 定时间或与现在无关的某一过去时间。I havent seen the film yet.我还没看过这部影片（到目前为止）。I saw the film the day before yesterday.我前天看的这部电影（表明看电影的时间是在

20、前天）。4. 过去完成时与一般过去时so（1） 一般过去时通常与具体过去时间状语连用；即使没有时间状语，根 据具体的语言环境，我们也可以作出明确的判断。（2） 过去完成时是一种相对的时态，表示在过去某时刻之前发生。时间 参照点与一般过去时不同，一般过去时是对现在说话时刻而言，过去 完成时则是与过去某一时刻而言的，即“过去的过去”。5. 般将来时与将来进行时一般将来时表示对“现在时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的 状态；而将来进行时表示将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。She is sixteen， who will be seventeen next year.她十六岁，明年将十七岁

21、。What will you be doing at this time next Monday? 下周一这时候你将会在做什么呢？ 5一般将来时与将来进行时 一般将来时表示对“现在时刻”来说，将要发生的动作或将要存在的 状态；而将来进行时表示将来的某一时刻或某段时间正在进行的动作。She is sixteen， who will be seventeen next year. 她十六岁，明年将十七岁。What will you be doing at this time next Monday? 下周一这时候你将会在做什么呢？来源 :Zxxk.Com(2)现在完成进行时往往表示动作在重复，现在

22、完成时则常常不带重复 性。如：Have you been meeting her lately？ (经常相见 )Have you met her lately？ (不重复发生 )(3) 现在完成进行时比较生动，有时含有明显的感情色彩；而现在完成 时往往只说明一个事实、一种影响或结果，平铺直叙，没有什么感情 色彩可言。如：Recently Mary has been doing her homework regularly 显然是在表扬玛丽 )Recently Mary has done her homework regularly 只说明一个事实)二、固定句型中的固定时态 在某些固定句型里往往

23、有固定的时态要求，请体会下列句子中时态的 运用：1. This/lt is the first/secondtime I have done sth.That/lt was the first/second. time I had done sth.2. It is two years since he went abroad./lt was two years since he had goneabroad.3. I was about to go out when the telephone rang.4. Hardly had I got home when the telephone

24、rang.5. No sooner had I got home than the telephone rang.6. It wont be long before he comes back./It wasnt long before he came back.7. I didnt manage to understand it until he had explained it again.8 祈使句+ and(or/or else/otherwise) +并列分句(并列分句中谓语动词多用一般将来时)三、被动语态1. 被动语态的构成英语中的及物动词一般都有主动语态和被动语态两种形式。主动语

25、态是无标记的，而被动语态则是有标记的。被动语态由“助动词be+过去分词”构成。助动词be 随着主语的人称、数、时态和语气的不同而变化。被动语态的各种时态形式见下表：*过去将来-般doiwwas/wene donewillsWII bp done硏鼻Idshould be June进行iii/ain/are&吨donewa&zwefe being doneni|/abal| be being dioneuuuld/should be being done完欣ha.re/lias bpm daiiebad been danewilt shall tiziE- beert口FIEwo

26、u1l Ebould hai E lieeri AMC完成旌行ha-re- has been beitts：dhuehad be-etl IKHILP, JCHIE-mil dialliave been bem* doriEwould. diCnildJ Im e bent beiru：2. 主动形式表示被动意义的几种情况(1)英语中有很多动词，如break，catch，clean，drive， look，open， sell，read，write，wash 等，当它们被用作不及物动词来描述主语特征时，常 用其主动形式表达被动意义，主语通常是物；在这种情况下，常常和 easily， well

27、等副词连用。This kind of cloth washes well.这种布好洗。The sign reads as follows 这牌子告示如下。This material wont wear 这种材料不耐穿。The machine runs well 这种机器运转良好。特别提醒：主动语态表被动强调的是主语的特征，而被动语态则强调 外界作用造成的影响。(2) 表示感受、感官的系动词 feel，sound，taste，look 等后跟形容词、名词构成系表结构，无被动形式。Your reason sounds reasonable.你的理由听起来合理。(3) 在 need, want， r

28、equire， deserve, bear 等动词、worth 等形容词的后 面，动名词用主动形式表示被动意义，其含义相当于动词不定式的被 动形式。The house needs repairing/to be repaired.这所房子需要修理。(4) 在某些“主语(人/物)+ be+形容词+不定式”中不定式的主动形式 表达被动意义。 这些形容词有 nice， easy， fit， hard， difficult ， important， impossible，pleasant， interesting 等。The problem is difficult to work out. 这道题很

29、难计算出。 (可看作 to work out 省略了 for me)(5) be to rent/blame/let 也属于主动形式表被动意义。Who is to blame for the mistake? 谁应为这个错误接受谴责？ The houses are tolet.这些房子有待出租。(6) 介词 in， on， under 等名词构成介词短语表被动意义。 表示方位的介词与含动作意义的名词合用，含被动之意，其意义相当 于该名词相应动词的被动形式， 名词前一般不用冠词。 常见的有： under control 受控制； under treatment在治疗中； under repair

30、 在修理中； under discussion 在讨论中； underconstruction 在施工中； beyond belief 令人难 以置信； beyond ones reach 鞭长莫及； beyond ones control 无法控制； beyond our hope 我们始料不及； forsale 出售；for rent 出租；in print 在印刷中；in sight 在视野范围内；on sale 出售；on show 展出； on trial受审； out of control 控制不了； out of sight 超出视线； out of ones reach 够不着

31、； out of fashion 不流行。如：The rumor is beyond belief(= cant be believed).那个谣言令人难以置信。Today some treasures are on show4are being shown)in the museum. 今天一些珍宝正在博物馆展出。C. children will allowD. will children allow咼中英语语法精选 100 题B. not being invited C. not inviting D.not to be invited()2.“_ your meeting is!cong

32、ratulations.A. How a great success B. What a great successC. How great success D. What great success()3. We must remember that_fashion is not the most important thingin_life.A. / the B. /; /C. the; / D. the; the()4.It _ quite a few years_ the accused wasdeclared innocent and set free.A. was; sinceB.

33、 is; that C. will be; when D. was;beforeThe professor said he could talk on_interested theaudience.topic he thought itUnder no circumstance_ to tell lies to parents.A. children are allowed B. are children allowed()1. Ms Nancy didnt mind at allto the ceremony.A. being not invitedhe offered them hissi

34、ncere()5.A. any topic B. which topicC. whichever topic D. the()6.()7.Modern science and technology has _communication between people far apart.A. made convenient B. made it convenientC. made it convenient for D. made it convenient to()8.I heard that you really had a wonderful time at Johnbirthday pa

35、rty,_?A. didn t IB. didn t yoC. hadn t yoD . willyou()9.The great use of school education is not so much to teachyou things_to teach you the art of learning.A. asB. that C. than D. but()10.No matter how frequently_the works of Beethovenalways attract a large number of people.A. performingB. performe

36、d C. to be performed D.being performed()11._ their real economic situations, they got some relieffund from the government.A. ConsideringB. ConsideredC. Having been consideredD. Being considered()12.Tina_have known the truth, or she would have toldus.A. mustn tB. shouldn Ct. can t D. needn tThere are

37、 some police cars in front. What do you suppose_ ?A. is the matterB. is happenedC. is the wrongD. the trouble is()14._of water makes Death Valley a desert, but it is byno means devoid.A. Lacki ngB. Being lackC. Because of lackD. Lack()15. In recent years much more emphasis has been put_developingthe

38、 students productive skills.A. onto B. inC. over D. on()16. A survey was carried out on the death rate of those who were infectedby SARS,_ were surprising.A. as resultsB. which resultsC. the results of itD. the results of which()17.The organization broke no rules, but_ had it actedresponsibly.A. nei

39、ther B. soC. eitherD. both()18. Many workers were organized to clear away remained of theWorld Trade Center.A. those B. thatC. what D. where()19. My train arrives in New York at eight o clock tonight. The planewould like to take from there_by then.A. would leaveB. will have left C. has left D. had l

40、eft()20. The professor could hardly find sufficient grounds_ his argumentsin favor of the new theory.A. to be based onB. to base onC. which to base on D. on which to base()21 ._ evidence that language acquiring ability must bestimulated.A. If beingB. It is C. There is D.There being()22. Professor Wa

41、ng ,_ for his informative lectures, was warmlyreceived by his students.A. knowingB. known C. to be known D.having known()23. In fact Peter would rather have left for San Francisco than_ in()13.New York.A. to stayB. stayed C. stay D. having stayed)24. You_him so closely; you should have kept your dis

42、tance.A. shouldnt followC. couldnt have been followingfollowing)25. There has been a great increase in retail sales ,_A. does thereB. isnt thereC. hasnt thereD. isnt it)26. It is the news_ most parents of the hope that there is a safeand socially approved road to a kind of life they themselves have

43、not had, but theirchildren can.A. that depriveB. that it deprivesC. that deprivesD. when it deprives)27.We hadn t met for 20 years, but I recognized he_I saw her .A. the momentcheat in the exam.Everyone hopes that we can do something to make thingsthe young from getting married during their college

44、life.D. shouldnt have beenB.forC. the moment whenD. at the moment when)28.On hearing a great noise, Mike looked forward throughthe windowwhat happened outside the room.A. to seeing B. to see C. seeingD. to have seen()29.Yoube driven out of the school if you dare toA. shouldB. would C. willD. shall()

45、30.better, so we cant helpurtdesqhesA. but workingB. but to work C. work D. but work()31.We all think thatno need to make laws to preventB. there has C. it has D. there is yuan.A. including B. included C. include D. to be included()33.With his eyes_on the family album, he thought ofthe fun he had wh

46、en he lived with his parents.A. fixing B. fixed C. to be fixed D. being fixed()34.George applied for the position three times_ hefinally got it.A. before B. until C. when D. after()35.This robot is supposed to save a lot of labor, but itremains a problem if it_.A. isB. saves C. does D. has()36.There

47、 were many more people who got injured in the bigfire tha n_ .A. was reportedB. it was reportedC. were reportedD. they were reported()37.He doesn t know what to say, for it is the first time thathe_with a girl.A. went out B. goes out C. has gone out D. had gone out()38._ which way to take, the littl

48、e boy behaved like areal gentleman who comforted his sister from time to time.A. Leaving to wonder B. Having left toA. it is()32.Postage,the necklace will cost you at least 650D. Left to wonderwonder C. Left wondering( ) 39. During the tourist season, there are many peoplewandering in this city to s

49、ee the old castles _ in the sixteenth century.A. to be built B. being builtC. having been built D. built( ) 40.When do you think _ start the new attack?A. they will B. will they C. they can D. can they( )41. Some 25,000 people were reported _ in the ever recordedworst earthquake inIran, which occurr

50、ed late this month.A. were killedB. to be killed C. killingD. to have been killed( ) 42. _ the teacher s suggestion, Tom finally found away to settle the problem.A. Following B. To follow C. FollowD. Hefollowed( ) 43. _ that no one was ever prepared for it.A. So suddenly did the bad news comeB. So s

51、uddenly the bad news cameC. So did the bad news come suddenlyD. Did the bad news come so suddenly( ) 44. “_ the friendship between our two people last forever! ” ,and with this sincere hope, the president concluded his speech.A. Could B. May C. Would D. Must( )45.We need a more capable leader, _ wit

52、h strong willand as well as good humour.A. whoB. thatC. one D. which( ) 46. Many people attend various public lectures, chiefly _themselves familiar with the latest development of different fields.A. getting B. to getC. to have got D. got( ) 47. It is no longer a problem _ the poor children inthis d

53、istrict can go to school.A. that B. whether C. so D. because( ) 48. Of all the applicants, _ do you think is fit for the position?A. whoB. whoever C. whomeverD . whichever( ) 49. Part of the work is to be finished today and _ bythis weekend.A. another B. the others C. the rest D. the other( ) 50.Gen

54、erally speaking, the hard one works, _.A. the better he gets result B. the better result he getsC. he gets better result D. does he get better result( ) 51. With the worldwide oil crisis, the price of oil has been raised 15%.A. aboutB. withC. of D. by( ) 52. The lectures, _ the current international

55、 issues, are wellreceived.A. are covered B. covered C. covering D. to cover( ) 53. Peter is very angry about _ of the changed timetable.A. not informing B. not being informed C. being not informedD. not to beinformed( ) 54. It is _ that terrorism is a great threat to worldpeace.A. widely accepted B.

56、 widely accepting C. wide acceptedD. wide accepting( ) 55.The house built of stone lasts longer than _ built ofwood.A. the one B. oneC. that D. its( ) 56.E-mail as well as telephones _ more and more popularin daily communication.A. have become B. become C. are becoming D. is becoming( ) 57. This kin

57、d of cloth _ well.A. washes B. wash C. is washed D. is washing( ) 58.What do you mean _ saying that you ve neveA. if to be cookedB. if cookedof it before?A. in B. by C. as D. with ( ) 59. He s an intelligtebnoy. Hemade such afoolish mistake.A. can t have B. may not have C. might not have D. mustn t

58、have( ) 60.Each of the engineers and professors is working hard attheir posts, _ to accomplish the goal as soon as possible.A. wish B. for wishing C. wishing D. to wish ( ) 61._ It is just ashard to persuade my wife not to dance _ to keepme from the football field.A. so it is B. as it is C. so is it

59、 D. as is it( ) 62.It was dark and cold. They had to find a houseandto make a fire withB. to stayto make a fire D. to staySome of the middle-aged people were famous professors.A. were invitedB. who invited C. inviting D.invited( ) 64Most green vegetables, _ for too long, will losesome wood _ .A. to

60、stay inC. to stay in( ) 63 to make a fire with to make a fireto the meetingA. if to be cookedB. if cookednutrition.C. if cookingD. if being cooked( ) 65. _ you dislike ancient buildings, Warrick Castle isworth a visit.A. As B. If C. Even if D.Now that( ) 66. _ the expense, I _ a round-the-world tour.A. Were