原创新目标英语八年级下册2单元课件(共74张ppt)

1、Section A12021/8/61. You could help to clean up the city parks. (P9) (1)could “能，可以能，可以”，后接动词原形，用于提出建议，语气，后接动词原形，用于提出建议，语气比比can委婉。委婉。could表示过去的能力时，是表示过去的能力时，是can的过去式。的过去式。 (2)clean up “把把打扫干净打扫干净”，动副动副短语短语。 cleanup名词，意为名词，意为“打扫；清洁打扫；清洁”。22021/8/62. The boy could give out food at the food bank. (P9)

2、give out “分发；散发分发；散发”，动副动副短语，相当于短语，相当于hand out。 cut out “删除删除”； find out “查明；弄清楚查明；弄清楚”； put out “熄灭熄灭”； sell out “卖完卖完”。32021/8/63. The girl could volunteer in an afterschool study program to teach kids. (P9) volunteer此处用作不及物动词，意为此处用作不及物动词，意为“自愿做；义务做自愿做；义务做”，后，后常跟常跟in，for等介词。等介词。 volunteer 及物动词，及物动

3、词，volunteer to do sth.自愿做某事。自愿做某事。 可数名词，可数名词，“志愿者志愿者”。42021/8/64. We cant put off making a plan. (P10) put off “推迟推迟”，动副动副短语短语，后可跟名词、代词或动词，后可跟名词、代词或动词ing形形式作宾语。式作宾语。 put up张贴；公布张贴；公布 put away收起来；放好收起来；放好 put down放下；记下放下；记下 put on穿上；上演；增加（体重）穿上；上演；增加（体重） put out 扑灭；熄灭扑灭；熄灭 put back 放回原处放回原处52021/8/65

4、. Lets make some notices, too. (P10) notice此处用作可数名词，意为此处用作可数名词，意为“通知；通告；布告通知；通告；布告”。 notice作动词，意为作动词，意为“注意到；意识到注意到；意识到”。 notice sb. do sth. “注意到某人做了某事注意到某人做了某事”。 notice sb. doing sth. “注意到某人正在做某事注意到某人正在做某事”。 notice + that 从句从句 “注意到注意到”62021/8/66. They told me stories about the past and how things us

5、ed to be. (P10) used to意为意为“曾经；过去常常曾经；过去常常”，但现在不那样做了，但现在不那样做了，后接动后接动词原形。其否定形式为词原形。其否定形式为didnt use to或或usednt to；其疑问形式；其疑问形式既可用助动词既可用助动词did提问，也可用提问，也可用used直接提问。直接提问。72021/8/67. Yeah, a lot of old people are lonely. (P10) lonely与与alone lonely形容词，表示人主观上感到形容词，表示人主观上感到“孤独孤独”，具有感情色彩，具有感情色彩。 alone既可作形容词又可作

6、副词，意为既可作形容词又可作副词，意为“单独的单独的(地地)；独自的；独自的 (地地)”，表示客观情况。，表示客观情况。82021/8/6一、根据句意及汉语提示写单词。一、根据句意及汉语提示写单词。1The match is beginning. Lets go to _(喝彩喝彩) for the players.2Dont park your car here. Look at the _(标志标志)It says “NO PARKING”Sorry，I didnt see it.cheersign92021/8/63Welcome to _(志愿志愿) in the city park.

7、 Lets start cleaning.4Lets go to see whats on the school _(通告通告) board.5Mr. Liu has no family and he often feels _(孤独孤独的的)volunteernoticelonely102021/8/6二、单项选择。二、单项选择。( )6.Ive made much progress in grammar. The ideas you _ worked out fine.Glad I could help. (2016，厦门，厦门) Acame up with Bran out of Clo

8、oked up toA112021/8/6( )7.My mum is ill.I have to stay at home and look after her.Im sorry to hear that.I hope she can get better soon. (2016，深圳，深圳) Alook at Blook for Ccare forC122021/8/6( )8.Mrs. White，can I leave my homework for tomorrow？(2016，郴州，郴州)Im afraid not. Dont _ what you can do today til

9、l tomorrow.Aput off Bget off Ctake offA132021/8/6( ) 9.We all felt nervous when our teacher _ the test papers to us. Aasked for Bput on Cgave out Dput offC142021/8/6( )10.The good news _ the whole class. Everyone was excited. Acheered up Bput up Cpicked up Dcalled upA152021/8/6( )11. Jack always sta

10、ys at home _, but he doesnt feel _. Aalone；alone Blonely；lonely Calone；lonely Dlonely；aloneC162021/8/68. .give up several hours each week to help others. (P11) (1) several此处用作此处用作形容词形容词，意为，意为“几个；数个；一些几个；数个；一些”，修饰，修饰可数名词复数。可数名词复数。 Several days later, he went to the library and borrowed several books.

11、 several作作代词代词，意为，意为“几个；数个几个；数个”。 Several of us went there.172021/8/68. .give up several hours each week to help others. (P11) (2) 辨析：辨析：each和和everyeach形容词形容词强调个性，用作代词强调个性，用作代词时可与时可与of连用。连用。Each school has its own library.代词代词He gave two to each.every形容词形容词强调共性，不能与强调共性，不能与of连用。连用。Every child was dre

12、ssed in a costume.182021/8/68. .give up several hours each week to help others. (P11) each不能与不能与almost, nearly, not搭配使用，而搭配使用，而every可以。可以。 Almost every window was broken. each不能用于否定句，在否定句中用不能用于否定句，在否定句中用none。 例例None of the books are mine.192021/8/69. I want to learn more about how to care for animal

13、s. (P11) (1) how to care for animals是是“疑问词动词不定式疑问词动词不定式”结构结构作作宾语。英语中疑问代词宾语。英语中疑问代词what, who, which和疑问副词和疑问副词where, when, why, how等后面接动词不定式，在句中可作主语、宾语、等后面接动词不定式，在句中可作主语、宾语、表语等成分。表语等成分。 202021/8/69. I want to learn more about how to care for animals. (P11) (2) “疑问词疑问词+动词不定式动词不定式”结构常用于结构常用于tell, know,

14、show, learn, teach, explain等后作宾语，此时该结构相当于一个宾语从句。等后作宾语，此时该结构相当于一个宾语从句。它它所表示的动作通常是未发生的动作，所以在转换成宾语从句时，所表示的动作通常是未发生的动作，所以在转换成宾语从句时，通常加情态动词或用将来时态。通常加情态动词或用将来时态。 He didnt know what to say. = He didnt know what he should say.212021/8/610. I get such a strong feeling of satisfaction when I see the animals g

15、et better. (P11) 句中两个句中两个get用法意义不同。第一个用法意义不同。第一个get意为意为“产生；形成产生；形成”，为，为及物动词，常与及物动词，常与feeling(感觉、情感感觉、情感)，idea(想法；主意想法；主意)等词搭配等词搭配使用；第二个使用；第二个get为系动词，后常接形容词，为系动词，后常接形容词，意为意为“变得；变为变得；变为”，表示体质、情绪、天气等方面的改变。表示体质、情绪、天气等方面的改变。222021/8/6 such和和sosuch 形容词形容词such+a/an+形容词形容词+可数名词单数可数名词单数such+形容词形容词+可数名词复数可数名词

16、复数/不可数名词不可数名词so副词副词so+形容词形容词/副词副词so+形容词形容词+a/an+可数名词单数可数名词单数so+many/much/few/little(少少)+名词名词232021/8/6 “such+a/an+形容词形容词+可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式”可与可与“so+形容词形容词+a/an+可数名词单数形式可数名词单数形式”进行转换。进行转换。 She is such a kind girl. =She is so kind a girl.242021/8/611. Volunteering here is a dream come true for me. (P11)

17、 (1)单个的单个的动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。动名词短语作主语，谓语动词用第三人称单数形式。 (2)a dream come true意为意为“梦想成为现实；梦想成真梦想成为现实；梦想成真”，是一，是一种种常见的表达方式常见的表达方式。 (3)come true“实现实现”，主语常为梦想、愿望或目标等。，主语常为梦想、愿望或目标等。252021/8/612. Im making some signs to put up around school. (P12) put up “张贴张贴”，动副短语。，动副短语。set up “建立建立” get up “起床起床”； cut

18、 up “切碎切碎” dress up “装扮装扮”； grow up “长大长大” give up “放弃放弃”； clean up “打扫干净打扫干净” cheer up “(使使)振奋起来振奋起来”；call up“打电话打电话” pick up “捡起捡起”； fix up “修理修理”262021/8/6一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写单词。一、根据句意及首字母或汉语提示写单词。1This old man likes traveling but he cant stand taking a long _by bus.2Are you the _ of the car?Yes，its

19、mine.journeyowner272021/8/63There are _ (几个几个) clubs in our school，such as reading club，music club and science club.4The boys jumped with _ when they heard the good news.5Im afraid Im not _ (强壮的强壮的) enough to carry the heavy box.severaljoystrong282021/8/6二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。二、用所给单词的适当形式填空。6So many birthd

20、ay presents gave the girl a _(feel) of satisfaction.7We should be book _(love) because the knowledge from books can teach us a lot.8She decided _(go) to the concert with us.feelingloversto go292021/8/69The customers _(satisfy) comes from your good service.10I want to learn more about how _(care) for

21、 animals.satisfactionto care302021/8/6三、单项选择。三、单项选择。( )11._ the age of 7，Bruce won the second prize in the piano competition.AInBAtCOnDFor( )12.Why dont you _ for the football team？ Atry out Bgive out Chand out Dcome outBA312021/8/6( )13.As we all know，_ English well is very important. Alearn Blearn

22、ing Clearned Dto learningB322021/8/6( )14.We decided _ him _ French. Ahelp；learn Bto help；to learn Cto help；learning Dhelp；to learn( )15.We can do _ we love to do. Ahow Bwhy Cwhere DwhatBD332021/8/6 动词不定式的基本形式是动词不定式的基本形式是“to动词原形动词原形”，有些情况下，有些情况下to可可以省略。该结构没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作谓语，但可以省略。该结构没有人称和数的变化，在句中不能作

23、谓语，但可以作主语、宾语、表语、定语以作主语、宾语、表语、定语、状语状语、宾语补足语。宾语补足语。342021/8/6动词不定式的否定形式是由动词不定式的否定形式是由“not动词不定式动词不定式”构成。构成。eg：Jim told me not to eat junk food.吉姆告诉我不要吃垃圾吉姆告诉我不要吃垃圾食品。食品。动词不定式可与动词不定式可与what，which，how，where等连用。等连用。eg：I dont know where to go.我不知道去哪里。我不知道去哪里。352021/8/6在某些复合宾语中在某些复合宾语中，常用常用it代替不定式作形式宾语代替不定式作

24、形式宾语，而把不定而把不定式放在后面。式放在后面。eg：I find it useful to learn English well.我发现学好英语很我发现学好英语很有用。有用。表示感观的动词表示感观的动词，如如see，hear，notice，feel等等，以及使役以及使役动词动词let，have，make等后常用省略等后常用省略to的不定式。的不定式。eg：I heard her sing a beautiful song in the next room.362021/8/6 短语动词是一种固定词组，由动词加名词、介词或副词等短语动词是一种固定词组，由动词加名词、介词或副词等构成，其作用相

25、当于一个动词。短语动词的搭配可分为六种基构成，其作用相当于一个动词。短语动词的搭配可分为六种基本类型。本类型。372021/8/6动词介词动词介词常见的此类介词有常见的此类介词有for，about，of，after，from，into，to，with，at等。等。如：如：wait for等待等待；look after照顾照顾；look for寻寻找找；hear from收到某人的来信收到某人的来信；hear of 听说；听说；send for派人派人去请；去请；laugh at 嘲笑；嘲笑；worry about 担心；担心；listen to 听；听；agree with 同意同意38202

26、1/8/6动词副词动词副词这类短语动词可接宾语，也可不接宾语。当其宾语是名词时，这类短语动词可接宾语，也可不接宾语。当其宾语是名词时，位于短语动词之后或之间均可；当其宾语是代词时，则只能置位于短语动词之后或之间均可；当其宾语是代词时，则只能置于短语动词中间。常见的此类副词有于短语动词中间。常见的此类副词有away，out，off，up，down，back，in，along等。等。392021/8/6如：如：cheer up振奋起来振奋起来；clean up打扫干净打扫干净；put up张贴；举张贴；举起起；fix up修理；修理；give away捐赠；捐赠；give out 分发；分发；ha

27、nd in 上上交；交；put off推迟；推迟；pick up捡起；捡起；think over仔细考虑；仔细考虑；turn up/down调大调大/小；小；get up起床；起床；look out小心小心402021/8/6动词副词介词动词副词介词如：如：run out of 用完，耗尽；用完，耗尽；get out of离开，从离开，从出来；出来；look forward to盼望，期待；盼望，期待；come up with想出；想出；get on/along with 和睦相处和睦相处412021/8/6动词名词动词名词这类短语中常见的动词有这类短语中常见的动词有have，take，giv

28、e，make等。等。如：如：have a rest休息一下休息一下；take a walk散步散步；make mistakes 犯错；犯错；have a try 试一下；试一下；take place 发生；发生；tell a lie说谎说谎422021/8/6动词名词介词动词名词介词如如：have a look at 看一看看一看；make friends with与与交朋友交朋友；pay attention to 注意；注意；take care of 照顾照顾432021/8/6be形容词介词形容词介词如如：be good at擅长于擅长于；be busy with忙于忙于；be late

29、for迟迟到；到；be interested in对对感兴趣感兴趣；be worried about担心；担心；be good/bad for对对有益有益/有害；有害；be similar to 与与相似；相似；be strict with对对严格要求；严格要求；be proud of为为骄傲；骄傲；be differen from与与不同不同442021/8/6一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。一、用所给单词的适当形式填空。1Mr. Miller gave up his job _(look) after his sick daughter.2Kate would like _(be) a te

30、acher when she grows up.to lookto be452021/8/63Mrs. Hand didnt let me _ (give) out the newspapers.4Every weekend Alice works in the club _ (help) kids read and write.5Mom asks me not _(spend) too much time on computer games.giveto helpto spend462021/8/6二、单项选择。6What did you do on Earth Day this year?

31、We _ a show to spread the message about protecting the environment.Aput on Bput up Cput away7They heard the party was _ because of exam.Aput on Bput up Cput off Dput downAC472021/8/68Martin and Susan _ for Shanghai to attend an international meeting yesterday. Aset off Bfell off Cput off DkeptA48202

32、1/8/69There are so many problems. Im so afraid.You should try to _ your shyness first. Youre not a child any more. Apick up Btake away Ctake off Dget overD492021/8/610Jason，would you please _ this notice?With pleasure. Aput on Bput off Cput up Dput outC502021/8/611Paul made a nice cage _ the little

33、sick bird till it could fly. Akeep Bkept Ckeeping Dto keepD512021/8/612When the child saw his uncle，he ran up _ hello to him. Asay Bsaid Csays Dto say13When you leave，please turn off the light _ energy. Asave Bto save Csaving DsavedDB522021/8/614Why is Linlin practicing speaking English? _ abroad fo

34、r further study. AGo BGone CTo go DGoesC532021/8/6Section B542021/8/61. Iv run out of it. (P13) run out of 是是“动词动词+副词副词+介词介词”结构的短语，结构的短语，of后接宾语，主后接宾语，主语通常是表示人的名词，意为语通常是表示人的名词，意为“用完用完”。 run out of也可表示也可表示 “从从跑出来跑出来”。 run out意为意为“用完；耗尽用完；耗尽”，其主语通常是被使用的事物，其，其主语通常是被使用的事物，其后不接宾语。后不接宾语。552021/8/62. I take

35、 after my mother. (P13) take after指在性格、气质和外貌等方面与某人相像或相似。指在性格、气质和外貌等方面与某人相像或相似。 after后接名词或代词。后接名词或代词。 look like 只指在外貌上相像。只指在外貌上相像。562021/8/63. Im similar to her. (P13) similar形容词，意为形容词，意为 “相似的相似的”，无比较级，无比较级，be similar to意意为为 “与与相似相似”。be similar in 意为意为“在某方面相似在某方面相似”。 similar表示表示“相似的相似的”，但并不完全一样；而，但并不

36、完全一样；而same则表示则表示“相同的相同的”，强调完全相同或一致。通常，强调完全相同或一致。通常similar与与to连用，连用，same与与as连用，且连用，且same前必须用定冠词前必须用定冠词the。572021/8/64. Jimmy fixes up broken bicycle parts, like wheels. (P13) broken形容词，意为形容词，意为“破损的；残缺的；坏的破损的；残缺的；坏的”，可作表语或，可作表语或定语。定语。 break 动词，意为动词，意为“打破；弄坏打破；弄坏”，过去式为，过去式为broke。 名词，名词，“休息休息” ，take bre

37、aks/ a break“休息一下休息一下”。582021/8/65. Im sure you know that this group was set up to help disabled people like me. (P14) (1)set up意为意为“建起；设立建起；设立”，其后常接表示组织、机构、团体，其后常接表示组织、机构、团体等意义的名词，如等意义的名词，如school, hospital, company, government等。等。 (2)disabled意为意为“丧失能力的；有残疾的丧失能力的；有残疾的”，既可以做表语也可既可以做表语也可以做定语。以做定语。the

38、disabled意为意为“残疾人残疾人”，表示一类人，为复数概，表示一类人，为复数概念。念。592021/8/66. You helped to make it possible for me to have Lucky. (P14) make it possible (for sb.)to do sth.意为意为“使使(某人某人)做某事成做某事成为可能为可能”，it为形式宾语，真正的宾语为其后的动词不定式短语为形式宾语，真正的宾语为其后的动词不定式短语，有相似用法的动词还有有相似用法的动词还有find，think等。等。602021/8/67. Lucky makes a big diffe

39、rence to my life. (P14) make a difference to 意为意为“对对有影响有影响”。difference前可前可加修饰词，如加修饰词，如big, great等；等；to是介词，后可接名词、代词或动是介词，后可接名词、代词或动词词ing形式。形式。 make no difference to 意为意为 “对对没有影响没有影响”。612021/8/68. What would it be like to be blind or deaf? (P14) (1) blind和和deaf是形容词，意为是形容词，意为 “瞎的；失明的瞎的；失明的”、“聋的聋的”。 the

40、 blind“盲人盲人”、the deaf “失聪的人失聪的人”，作主语时，谓语动作主语时，谓语动词用复数。词用复数。 (2) 不以相关部位不以相关部位(如如 eye, ear等等等等)作主语，而以作主语，而以“人人”作主语作主语(其其后常常接介词后常常接介词in)622021/8/68. What would it be like to be blind or deaf? (P14) The horse is not blind in either eye. His eyes are blind. His ears are deaf.632021/8/69. Or imagine you c

41、ant walk or use your hands easily. (P14) imagine意为意为 “想象；设想想象；设想”， 是及物动词，其主语一般是表是及物动词，其主语一般是表示人的名词或代词示人的名词或代词，其后可接名词、代词、动词，其后可接名词、代词、动词ing形式或宾语形式或宾语从句作宾语。从句作宾语。imagine一般不用于进行时一般不用于进行时,可用于被动结构。可用于被动结构。 如：如： I cant imagine living without friends. You can imagine how surprised I was. 642021/8/610. She

42、talked to Animal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog. (P14) a special trained dog 意为意为“一只经过特殊训练的狗一只经过特殊训练的狗”，此处，此处trained是是train的过去分词作定语。的过去分词作定语。 (1) train是是及物及物动词，意为动词，意为“训练；培训训练；培训”。 train sb to do sth. “训练某人做某事训练某人做某事”。 train sb in sth. “在某方面训练某人在某方面训练某人”。652021/8/610. She talked to A

43、nimal Helpers about getting me a special trained dog. (P14) (2) train用作可数名词，意为用作可数名词，意为“火车火车”。 (3) training用作不可数名词，意为用作不可数名词，意为 “训练；培训训练；培训”。 662021/8/611. Lucky is very clever and understands many English words. (P14) (1)clever是形容词，意为是形容词，意为“聪明的聪明的”，比较级为，比较级为cleverer，最，最高级为高级为cleverest。 (2)understand是动词，意为是动词，意为“理解；领会理解；领会”，过去式是，过去式是understood；可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。；可用作不及物动词，也可用作及物动词。672021/8/6一、词汇运用。一、词汇运用。A)根据句意及首字母提示写单词。根据句意及首字母提示写单词。1Did you have a good time during the school tr