必修一-选修8重点单词及短语

1、unit 1词条1 suppose1. I had supposed to come to see you last week, but I was too busy.2. you are supposed to take more physical exercise to keep fit.3. I dont suppose our manager will turn up on time this evening.4. supposing it rains tomorrow, what shall we do? 用法小结：1. 常用一般过去时或过去完成时表示过去的打算，而事实上没有做。 2

2、. be supposed to do sth “应该做某事”，相当于情态动词should 3.当主语是第一人称时，而且suppose后面所接的宾语从句是否定句时，要用否定前移。 4.supposing 可用于从属连词，引导一个表示条件的状语从句，意为”如果，假如”例子：根据括号内所给的汉语补全句子1. its half past eight now. you _(应该开始工作)2. what_(你认为) he wanted?词条2 complain1. my friend is always complaining to me about the weather here.2. dont a

3、lways complain about others.3. the patient is complaining of her headache.用法小结：complain “抱怨”是一个不及物动词，不能直接接宾语，如果要接宾语，则习惯在其后面加上介词about，of，to 等。根据所给汉语补全句子1. the woman always _(向校长抱怨学校的饭菜)2. I ve really _(没有什么可抱怨的) 词条 3 reduce1. doing sports can help reduce your stress in your study.2. the number of stu

4、dents has been reduced in recent years in our school.3. the number of students has been reduced to 1,200 in this school.4. the number of students has been reduced by 8% in this school.5. the former millionaire has been reduced to begging in the street.用法小结：1. reduce一般用作及物动词，意为 减少；降低；缩小（尺寸，数量，价格等）2.

5、reduce后面可接介词 to 和 by ,但含义不一样。Reduce。to 意为“使降低到。”reduce。by 意为“以多少比率降低”，介词by的后面接表示比例的词语。3. reduce sbsth to doing sth 表示“使某人或者某物沦落到做某事的程度”。它通常用来表示一种不愉快，不好的经历或者遭遇。根据所给汉语补全下面各句。1. we should try our best to _(减少有害垃圾)。2. she takes some medicine so as to _（降低血压）词组 1 take up 阅读下列句子，根据语境为take up 选择合适的英文释义。1.

6、to start or begin sth2. to accept (an option, bet ,or challenge) as offered.3. to develop an interest4. to occupy (time or space)5. to raise; lift( )1. he took up his coat and rushed out of the house.( )2. these old books took up too much room.( )3. I d like to take up your offer of a ride into the

7、town.( )4.she wanted to learn more, so she took up a course in an evening school.( )5.she has taken up playing cares as her hobby in her spare time.答案：54213点拨： take up 是及物动词短语，意思是 1）从事，着手处理，如句4 2）接纳（建议，挑战等，如句33）产生兴趣，开始承担，如句54）占去（时间或者空间）如句25）拿起，如句1根据所给汉语补全句子1. playing computer games _(占用了他太多的业余时间)，so

8、 he didnt do well in the exam this time.2. his uncle _(开始卖报纸) to support the family when he was only eight.3. the little brother_(喜欢上了绘画)as time went by.词组 2 go off阅读下列句子，体会go off 的含义和用法1. my mobile went off while I was sound asleep.2. books went off in recent years.3. the experiment goes off quite

9、well.点拨：go off 有如下含义：(大声)响起；（指电力）中断；（指电灯）熄灭；（指质量）恶化，下降；进行，发生等将下列句子翻译成英语1. 你最近的生活怎么样啊？2. 就在那时， 我的闹钟突然响了。3. 这个地区的水质今年在不断的下降。词组 3 switch on【试题导入】选择正确的选项。 Oh, you are back, why dont you _the lights?A. put on B.switch on C.look for D.take off 点拨： switch on 意为“打开（电器）”。这个短语中的on 是个副词，如果宾语使代词时，应将副词on 放在这个代词的

10、后面。拓展：switch on 的对应词语为“switch off”，意为“关闭(电器)”。它们可分别用turn on 和turn off 替换。表示相同的含义。另外，switch over意为“换频道”在下面各句的空格处填上适当的副词。1. please switch_ the TV set. I d like to watch the news program.2. its too late now. please switch _the TV set and go to bed.3. please switch _- to Channel 5. I d like to watch the

11、 football game.unit 2重点单词用法回顾Found试题导入 Tsinghua University,_ in 1911, is home to a great number of outstanding figures.(2011福建卷)A. found B.founding C.founded D.to be founded 答案：C【考点释义】 found“建立，创立，创办”。 Found 。on 意为“把。建立在。之上”注意，find“发现”是一个不规则动词，其过去式和过去分词均为found； found“建立”则是一个规则动词，其过去式和过去分词为founded。Eq

12、ual【试题导入】the island is_ attractive in spring and autumn because of the pleasant weather in both seasons.(2010全国卷II)A partly B.merely C.nearly D.equally答案：D【考点释义】1. equal常用作形容词，意为“平等的，相等的，等同的”。这时，它可用作定语，表语和宾语补足语。2. be equal to 是一个常用的短语，意为“等于，相当于”还可以表示“胜任，应付”3. equal用作动词，意为“等于”【拓展】equally，adv，平等地，同样地；

13、equality, n. 平等Calm【试题导入】the oil markets stay _ these months, but we are still worried that it will go up soon.A. silent B. still C. calm D. quiet答案：C【考点释义】1. calm用作形容词指人时，侧重于指“镇静，不激动，不生气”等；还可用于表示抽象的事物，情况，形式等“不动荡，不波动”；还可以指“环境（如天空，海洋，天气等），无风，不喧闹，表面平静”等2. calm 做动词，意为“是平静下来”，这时，它常和down 连用。 Compete【试题导入

14、】the great athlete has been well prepared for the London Olympic Games and is determined to _ for the gold medal in the match.A. Compete B. explore C .apply A. adapt 答案：A【考点释义】1. compete vi, 竞争；对抗。常构成如下短语：compete withagainst sb 与某人竞争2. compete for 为。竞争；compete in 参加比赛竞赛【拓展】competitor n. 竞争者，竞争对手 Com

15、petition n. 竞争；比赛；竞赛 Competitive adj。竞争的，竞争性的重点短语用法小结On ones own试题导入 I didnt want to be laughted at for talking to him but I didnt like leaving him _ his own either.答案： on【考点释义】On ones own 意为“独立地，独自地”常用在句中修饰谓语动词。【拓展】 of ones own 意为“自己的”Give up试题导入 though he has failed many times, he wouldnt_ trying.

16、A . turn up B. put up C.give up D.take up 答案：C【考点释义】give up 意为“投降，放弃” give sb up 意为“放弃（病人）；不在指望（某人）到来”Let out【试题导入】he once said that he was from Britain, but his American accent _ him out.A. put B took C let Dmade 考点释义 let out 是一个多义词语，它可表示：1）放出2）（把衣服）放大，放长，放宽，3）发出（声音）4）泄露（秘密），不留神说出。unit 3重点单词用法回顾Att

17、end【试题导入】what should I wear to _ his wedding party? anything you like.A.attend B .join C. react D.expect答案：A【考点释义】1.表示“参加“时，其宾语通常是meeting，party,show ,wedding , class, lecture, school ,church等以及类似具有“活动”意义的名词。2.短语attend to, 主要表示“注意听”，“处理”，“照顾”等。 Seriously【试题导入】he began to take political science_ only

18、when he left school.(2007湖北卷)A strictly B truly C carefully D seriously答案：D【考点释义】seriously是一个常用的副词，意为“严肃的，认真的”。 它常常构成短语 take sth seriously .表示“严肃（认真）地对待某事”。Serve【试题导入】dinner_ between 5;30pm and 7;30 pm in this hotel. So dont miss it.A is served B serves C is serving D will serve答案： A【考点释义】1. serve用作

19、及物动词时， 可表示“招待，侍候，当作。使用”。 2.serve as 意为“担任，充当”。 3.用作不及物动词时，则常用来表示“服役”。重点短语用法小结Depend on【试题导入】I am planning to hold a party in the open air, but I can make no guarantees because it _ the weather.(2001上海卷)A links with B depends on C connects toD decides on 答案：B【考点释义】1. 表示“依靠，依赖”，常用句型： depend on sb to d

20、o sth depend on sb doing sth 2. 表示“取决于”时通常不用被动语态。Put up 试题导入the exam results will be _ on Friday afternoon.(2011 辽宁卷)A.put down B put off C put up D put away答案：C 【考点释义】put up 是一个多义词语，它可表示：1）挂起，张贴2）举起3）修建4）增加，提高5）搭起6）住宿，过夜Carry on【试题导入】 the meal over， the managers went back to the meeting room to _ t

21、heir discussion (2008 天津卷)A .put away B take down C look over D carry on 答案：D【考点释义】1. carry on 意为“进行，继续进行，继续执行”，其中的on是一个副词，carry on 可用作及物或者不及物动词短语。2. carry on with 意为“继续干”其后要接宾语。Even if【试题导入】allow children space to voice their opinions,_ they are different from your own.(2005湖南)A until B even if C u

22、nless D as though 答案：B【考点释义】even if 意为“即使”，常用来引导一个表示让步的状语从句。unit 4重点单词用法回顾Suggest【试题导入】Bill suggested _ a meeting on what to do for the Shanghai Expo during the vacation.(2009 上海卷)A having held B to hold C holding D hold答案C【考点释义】1. suggest 意为“建议，提出。以供考虑，提议”。这时，其后接名词，代词，动词的ing 形式。接宾语从句时，从句的谓语动词用“shou

23、ld +动词原型”。2. 它还可以表示“间接地表明，暗示”。这时，其宾语从句的谓语动词通常用陈述语气。 Offer【试题导入】-if you like I can do some shopping for you. -thats a very kind_.(2006 浙江卷) A offer B.service C point D suggestion 答案：A【考点释义】1. offer 用做及物动词，表示“主动提出，提供，报价”其后可接1）名词或者代词，在句中作宾语，构成offer sth 结构2）双宾语，构成offer sb sth 或者offer sth to sb结构3）也可后接不定

24、式，构成offer to do sth 结构2. offer 还可作为名词，意为“提出，提供，出价”。Average【试题导入】last year the number of students who graduated with a driving license reached 200,000,a(n)_ of 40,000 per year.A average B number C amount D quantity 答案：A【考点释义】1. average 用作名词，可表示“平均数；平均水准，中等的水平或者程度”2. 用作形容词，表示“平均的；中等的；普通的”。3. 用作动词，则表示“

25、计算。的平均值”。Affect【试题导入】too much physical labour has greatly_ your fathers health, so he needs a good rest.A affected B impressed C influenced D settled 答案：A【考点释义】Affect可表示1）影响，对。有害2）感动，打动3）假装重点短语用法总结Get in touch 【试题导入】 when you arrive in Beijing, you can _ with my friend. He ll pick you up at the airp

26、ort.A get in touch B keep in touch C come across D come up 答案：ABe up to 【试题导入】-shall we go to the art exhibition right away?-_(2005 安徽卷)。A its your opinion B I dont mind C it s all up to you D thats your decision.答案：C【考点释义】Be up to 这个短语中的to 是个介词，其后只能接名词或代词。这个短语的含义很丰富。注意下面几个用法：1） 忙于做某事，常用于疑问句中2） 适合做某

27、事3） Be up to 意为“应由某人做某事，由某人确定，负责”。As if 【试题导入】Jack wasnt say anything ,but the teacher smiled at him_he had done something very clever.(2011 湖南卷)。A as if B in case C while D though答案：A【考点释义】1. as if 意为“似乎，好像”，常用来引导一个从句，表示一种假设的情况或可能性不大的情况时，从句的语气常用虚拟语气。2. as if 的后面可接现在分词，过去分词，动词不定式，介词短语，形容词等。3. 在it lo

28、oksseemssounds.as if 句中，as if 从句中的谓语动词常用陈述语气。Unit5重点单词：1. impress：The speech by the mayor of Shanghai before the final voting for EXPO 2010 is strongly impressed _my memory.A. to B. over C. by D.on答案： be impressed on ones memory (sb)意为“给某人留下深刻印象“。考点释义：1.impress是一个及物动词，其宾语常是表示人的词语，构成sth impressed sb

29、2.注意把握下面搭配1）be impressed by 2) be impressed on 3) leave(make)an impression on2.effectThe new law will come into _on the day it is passed. A.effect B.use C.service D.existence答案：A. come into effect 意为“生效”；come into use 意为“开始使用”；come into service意为“投入使用”；come into existence 意为“生存下来”。考点释义：对于effect，应重点把

30、握以下几个短语：1）have an effect on 2）be in effect 3）come into effect 4）take effect。3.disappointHis result was so _in the exam and he felt _.A. disappointing; disappointingB. disappointed; disappointedC. disappointing; disappointdD. disappointed; disappointing答案：C.disappointed意为“感到失望的”；disappointing 意为“令人失望

31、的”。重点短语：1. be used toI had tried out a model like it before ,but as I was not yet _driving in this city, my wife did notA.sure of B.satisfied with C. interested in D. used to 答案：D.be sure of 确信；be satisfied with 对.感到满意；be interested in 对感兴趣；be used to 习惯做某事。考点释义：be used to 意为“习惯”此处to 为介词。Used to do

32、为过去常常做某事。2. in other wordsYour performance in the driving test didnt reach the required standard _,you failed.A, in the end B. after all Bin other words D at the same time.答案：C.考点释义：in other words换句话说。它常用来解释前面说的话；in a word意为“总之”。 Unit 6重点单词：1. typicalJack is late again. It is _of him to keep others

33、waiting.A. normal B. ordinary C. common D. typical答案：D。 normal 意为“正常的”；ordinary 意为” 普通的”；common意为“普通的”。It is typical of sb to do sth 是一个常用句型，意为“做某事是某人的特点”。考点释义：typical 是形容词，意为“典型的”，常用做定语。2. detailWed better discuss everything _before we work out the plan.A. in detail B. in general C. on purpose D. o

34、n time 答案：A. 考点释义：1）detail是名词，意为“详细，细节”，可当可数名词也可当不可数名词。 2）常见介词短语 in detail ，表示“详细的”。 3）go into details 为“详细叙述”。3.narrowThe performance was waving his stick in the street and it _ missed the child standing nearby.A. narrowly B. nearly C. hardly D. closely答案：A.考点释义：1）narrow 意为“狭窄的”，构成短语“narrow circums

35、tance”窘困的处境；narrow escape 险些出事；narrow victory 险胜。 2）narrowly 意为“差点没.”.重点短语：1.fix ones eyes on The little boy ,who had never seen whites before, stood there ,his eyes _on the foreigners curiously.A. fixing B. were fixing C. fixed D. were fixed 答案：C考点释义：fix ones eyes on 意为“注视，凝视”，其后接所注视的对象。steyes 提前做主

36、语，则句子用被动语态。拓展:与“看”有关的短语有：stare at 注视；glare at 怒视 ； glance at 扫视； glimpse 一瞥。2.try out Im not sure whether the idea works well. Youd better _it _first. A. give ; out B. turn; out C. try ; out D. make ;out 答案：C。give out 放出； turn out 结果是 ； try out 试用，试验； make out 辨认出。考点释义：try out 可以表示：1）试用（某个物品）；2）试验（某

37、个想法，计划）；3）试试（某人能力等）。Unit 7 词条1 ：persuadeDuty is an act or a course of action that people _you to take by social customs ,law or religion.(2010 湖北卷)A. persuade B.expect C.request D.instruct 【单词释义】persuade sb to do /into doing sth 说服某人做某事 persuade sb of sth 使某人相信某事词条2：eventually There was such a long

38、queue for coffee at the interval that we _gave up .(2005 上海卷)A. eventually B.unfortunately C.generously D.purposefully词条 3 ：attract Thousands of foreigners were _to the Shanghai World Expo the day it opened (2010 江苏卷)A. attended B.attained C.attracted D.attached 词条 4 ：recognizeAlexander tried to get

39、 his work _in the medical circles .(2010 辽宁卷)A. to recognize B.recognizing C.recognize D.recognized I haven't seen Sara since she was a little girl,and she has changed beyond _.(2010安徽卷)A. hearing B.strength C.recognition D.measure 短语1：pick up Kathy _ a lot of Spanish by plaimg with the native b

40、oys and girls .(2005安徽卷)A. picked up B.took up C.made up D.turned up 短语2：make up Everybody in the village likes Jack because he is good at telling and _jokes. (2005江苏卷)A. turning up B.putting up C.making up D.showing up Unit 8重点单词：1. tiringMr Smith ,_of the_ speech,started to read a novel.A. tired;b

41、oring B.tiring;boredC.tired;bored D.tiring; boring答案：A. tired 是一个由分词转化而来的形容词，意为”疲劳的，困倦的”，常用于形容人。Boring也是一个由分词转化而来的形容词，意为“令人乏味的”常用于修饰表示物的词语。单词释义;1.Tiring 意为“令人疲倦的”，常用来修饰事物，在句中可做表语定语或宾补;2.如果修饰人时常用tired，意为“疲劳的”，be tired of 厌烦某人2. anxious My mother always gets a bit _ if we do not arrive when we say we

42、will. A. anxious B.ashamed C.weak D. patient答案：A. anxious “意为担心的，忧虑的“，ashamed为“害羞的”，weak为“虚弱的” Patient为“耐心的”。考点释义;anxious “担心的，忧虑的”，常见搭配有： be anxious about sth ;be anxious that ;be anxious to do sth。3. riskHe got well-prepared for the job interview, for he could not risk_ the good opportunity.A.to l

43、ose B.losing C.to be lost D. being lost答案：B。本题考查动词risk的搭配。Risk后只能接动名词。He和lose之间关系为主动，所以选B.考点释义：risk dong sth冒险做某事; at ones own risk自担风险;at the risk of doing sth冒风险;run the risk of冒危险。重点短语：1. take offLadies and gentlemen, please fasten your seat belts. The plane _.A. takes off B. is taking off C. has

44、 taken off D. took off答案：B.本题用现在进行时表示一件马上就要发生的事情。一般现在时表示一个按规定安排在将来某个时候要发生的事情。考点释义：take off表示“起飞”还可表示“脱衣服”。2. in turnPeople try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars,and this _creates further problems.A.in short B.in case C.in doubt D. in turn答案：D.考点释义：in turn 表示“相应的，转而”；还可译为“

45、轮流”相当于by turns。3. break downThe computer system _suddenly while he was searching for information on the Internet.A. broke down B.broke out C.broke up D. broke in答案：A. broke down意为“坏掉，出故障”；break out意为“发生，爆发”；breakup意为“拆分，分裂”；breakin意为“插话”。 Unit 9benefit(试题倒入)We _greatly from the teachers words after

46、being discouraged by the exam results.A. educated B. conducted C. benefited D. committed答案：C. 句意：考试受挫后，老师的话使我受益匪浅。educate 教育，conduct 实施， benefit 受益， commit 犯罪。benefit from从中受益, 故选C.考点释义1. benefit用作及物动词，意为“对.有益”常见用法有：benefit sb/sth 对某人某物有好处；benefit 用作不及物动词，意为“获益于，得益于”，常与介词from连用，意为“从.中获得好处”。2. benefi

47、t用作名词，意为“好处，益处”。常用搭配有：be of benefit to.“对.有好处”；for the benefit of “为了的利益”。扩展：beneficiary n.受益者；beneficial adj.有益的，有用的，其后可接介词to，表示“对.有益处的”thereforeProgress so far has been very good._, we are sure that the project will be completed on time.(2006浙江卷)A However B. Otherwise C. Therefore D. Besides答案：C。h

48、owever 无论如何； otherwise 否则；therefore 因此；besides 此外，而且。题干中两个句子是因果关系，故选C.考点释义 therefore “因此”，是一个副词，可放在句首或句中。 argue The minister said, “We are ready for discussion with any legal parties, but well never_ with criminals.”（2011湖北卷）A negotiate B. quarrel C. argue D. consult答案：A。句意为：这位部长说：“我们准备与任何合法政党进行讨论，但

49、我们永远不会与罪犯进行谈判。”negotiate 谈判，商议；quarrel 争论；argue 争吵，争论；consult 向.请教。单词释义 argue 作动词，表示“争吵，争论”。常用搭配有：argue with sb over/about sth 与某人争论某事；argue for/against (doing)sth 赞成、反对做某事；argue sb into/out of doing sth说服某人做、不做某事。扩展 argument n. 争吵，争论。 常用搭配为：have an argument with sb和某人发生争吵。重点短语用法work out You cant pr

50、edict everything. Often things dont _ as you expect.（2011江西）A. run out B. break out C. work out D. put out答案：C. run out “用完，耗尽”； break out “爆发，发生”； work out “算出，实现”；put out “熄灭，扑灭”。考点释义 work out意为“锻炼身体”，是一个不及物动词词组；还可表示“解决；计算出；实现”。so far_nobody has claimed the money discovered in the library.A. So fa

51、r B. Only if C. Now that D. Even if 答案：A. so far “到面前为止”，常与现在完成时连用；only if “只要.就”，后接从句；now that “既然”，引导原因状语从句；even if “即使”，引导让步状语从句。句意为：到目前为止， 没有人认领在图书馆被发现的钱。考点释义 so far “到目前为止”，是现在完成时的一个标志性词语。go up -Do you think that housing price will keep_ in the years to come?(2007江苏卷)-Sorry, I have no idea.A. l

52、ifting up B. going up C. bringing up D. growing up答案：B. go up “上升，上涨”；lift up“抬高”；bring up “培养，养大”； grow up “长大”考点释义 go up 意为“上升；被建起； 上涨”。Unit 10重点单词用法ConcernIn those days, our primary_ was to provide people in the flooded areas with food and health care.A. concern B. experience C. calculation D. ex

53、istence 答案：A. concern “担心，关心”； experience “经验，经历”；calculation “计算”； existence “存在”。 句意为：那些日子里，我们主要关心的事是为洪涝灾区的人们提供食品和医疗服务。考点释义1. concern vt. 影响；涉及；（让）担忧；感兴趣。常见搭配：be concerned with sth 与某事有关，涉及；be concerned about sth/sb 担心某人、某事； concern oneself with/about sth对某物感兴趣2. concern n. 担心，忧虑，常与介词about, over, for 等连用。Pleased-Im very_ with my own cooking.It loo