高中英语必修三unit1-课件

1、2021/8/61Unit 12021/8/62你了解中外你了解中外节日吗节日吗Do you know about Chinese and western festivals?制作者：制作者：GroupGroupOneOne2021/8/63Western festivalWestern festivalNew Years Day New Years Day 新年新年Valentines Day Valentines Day 情人节情人节Easter Easter 复活节复活节April Fools Day April Fools Day 愚人节愚人节Mothers Day Mothers D

2、ay 母亲节母亲节Halloween Halloween 万圣节万圣节Thanksgiving Day Thanksgiving Day 感恩节感恩节Christmas Christmas 圣诞节圣诞节2021/8/64the Spring Festival 春节春节the Lantern Festival 元元 宵节（灯节宵节（灯节)the Qing Ming Festival 清明节清明节the Dragon-Boat Festival 端午节端午节the Mid-Autumn Festival 中秋节中秋节the Double Ninth Festival 重阳节重阳节2021/8/65

3、New Years Day 中西方都有这个节日，有什么异同呢？2021/8/66Valentines Day Valentines Day February 14February 14ththVALENTINE SYMBOLSHEARTRED ROSE2021/8/67Easter是最古老的基督教节日，它庆祝的是基督的复活，是最古老的基督教节日，它庆祝的是基督的复活， 3月月21日或此日后月圆的第一个星期日。据说复活节兔子会将彩日或此日后月圆的第一个星期日。据说复活节兔子会将彩蛋藏在室内或是草地里让孩子们去寻找。蛋藏在室内或是草地里让孩子们去寻找。 2021/8/68每年的每年的4 4月月1

4、1日是西方人最开心的日子日是西方人最开心的日子 (April Fools Day)(April Fools Day)。在这一。在这一天，人人都可以发挥自己的想象天，人人都可以发挥自己的想象(imagination)(imagination)和亲属和亲属(relative)(relative)、朋、朋友友(friend)(friend)、同事、同事(workmate)(workmate)开玩笑而且不必承担任何后果，被捉弄开玩笑而且不必承担任何后果，被捉弄的人就叫的人就叫foolfool。但玩笑应该是善意健康的，决不能让受捉弄的人感到。但玩笑应该是善意健康的，决不能让受捉弄的人感到不舒服不舒服(u

5、ncomfortable)(uncomfortable)，不能损害任何人的财产，不能损害任何人的财产(treasure)(treasure)，不能嘲，不能嘲笑笑(laugh at)(laugh at)或拿他人的长相或信仰开玩笑，而且玩笑只能持续到正或拿他人的长相或信仰开玩笑，而且玩笑只能持续到正午，任何人试图在正午以后愚弄人，他自己就是一个午，任何人试图在正午以后愚弄人，他自己就是一个foolfool。2021/8/69The second Sunday of MayCarnation(康乃馨）康乃馨） for mother2021/8/610October 31th一年中最一年中最“闹鬼闹鬼

6、”的这天夜里，孩子们穿戴上各种服饰和面的这天夜里，孩子们穿戴上各种服饰和面具参加万圣节舞会，这些舞会四周的墙上往往悬挂着用纸糊具参加万圣节舞会，这些舞会四周的墙上往往悬挂着用纸糊的巫婆、黑猫、鬼怪和尸骨，窗前和门口则吊着龇牙裂嘴或的巫婆、黑猫、鬼怪和尸骨，窗前和门口则吊着龇牙裂嘴或是面目可憎的南瓜灯笼。是面目可憎的南瓜灯笼。2021/8/611Lets read a passage 2021/8/6122021/8/613Whats the difference between Chinese and western culture and customs?通过节日你了解中外文化的异同吗？通过

7、节日你了解中外文化的异同吗？Go2021/8/614 发生发生_ 2. 纪念；追念纪念；追念_ 3. 盛装；打扮；装饰盛装；打扮；装饰 _4. 搞恶作剧；开玩笑搞恶作剧；开玩笑 _ 5. 期望；期待；盼望期望；期待；盼望 _6. 日夜；昼夜日夜；昼夜 _ 7. 好像好像_ 8. 玩得开心玩得开心 _ 9. 出现；到场出现；到场_ 10. 守信用守信用_ 11. 屏息；屏气屏息；屏气_ 12. 出发；动身出发；动身_ 13. 使使想想起起_ in memory ofdress upplay a trick onlook forward today and nightas thoughhave f

8、un withturn upkeep ones wordhold ones breath take placeset off remind of 2021/8/615 beautiful (adj.) _ n. 2. celebration (n.) _v. 3. hunt (v.) _n.4. origin (n.) _ adj. 5. religious (adj.) _n. 6. believe (v.) _ n.7. admire (v.) _ n. _ adj. 8. apologize (v.) _ n. 9. arrive (v.) n. 10. independence (n.

9、) adj.11.agriculture (n.) adj. 12. energetic (adj.)_ n.13. poet (n.)_ n. _n. _ adj.beautycelebratehunteroriginalreligionbeliefadmirationadmirableapologyarrivalindependentagriculturalenergypoetrypoempoetic2021/8/616 1. Festival are meant to celebrate important times of year. mean 的用法的用法1). mean doing

10、 sth. mean doing sth. 的意思的意思是是“意味着（必须要做某意味着（必须要做某事或导致种结果）事或导致种结果）”, 其其主语通常是指事物的词。主语通常是指事物的词。2021/8/617 2). mean to do sth. mean to do sth. 的意思是的意思是“打算或企打算或企图做某事图做某事”，其主语通常是表示人的名，其主语通常是表示人的名词或代词，其过去完成式表示词或代词，其过去完成式表示“本来打本来打算做某事算做某事”。 3). mean sb. to do sth. mean sb. to do sth. 的意思是的意思是“打算打算让某人做某事让某人做

11、某事”，也可以用于被动结构。，也可以用于被动结构。2021/8/618 4). mean 后接名词、副词或从句后接名词、副词或从句 mean 后接名词或副词，意为后接名词或副词，意为“表表示；打算；存心示；打算；存心”等意思；后接等意思；后接that 从句，意为从句，意为“表示表示”。 5). be meant for 该短语的意思是该短语的意思是“打算给予；打算打算给予；打算作作用用”。2021/8/619 In some parts of London, missing a bus means _ for another hour. A. waiting B. to wait C. wai

12、t D. to be waiting句意为：在伦敦的一些地方，错过一班句意为：在伦敦的一些地方，错过一班公共汽车意味着再等一个小时。公共汽车意味着再等一个小时。A想一想想一想2021/8/620n.n. celebration celebrationv.v. 庆祝；祝贺庆祝；祝贺思考：你能否设想一个生活场景来区分思考：你能否设想一个生活场景来区分celebratecelebrate与与congratulatecongratulate？adj.adj. celebrated celebratedCelebrate sth. = in celebration of sth.Celebrate st

13、h. = in celebration of sth.Congratulate sb. (Congratulate sb. (onon / upon sth.) / upon sth.) = congratulation = congratulations s to sb. to sb. onon sth. sth.2021/8/6212021/8/6222. Discuss when they take place, what they celebrate and what people do at that time. 讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进行，讨论它们（中国节日）什么时间进行，庆

14、祝的是什么事件，和人们在那天所做庆祝的是什么事件，和人们在那天所做的事。的事。 2021/8/623take place 发生；举行发生；举行 The performance didnt take place after all. 演出终于没有进行。演出终于没有进行。 Was there anybody passing by when the accident took place?事故发生时，有人路过那吗？事故发生时，有人路过那吗？2021/8/624与与place相关短语：相关短语：2021/8/6252021/8/626 Great changes _ in the rural area

15、s in the last two decades. A. have taken place B. took place C. have been taken place D. are happeningA take place 不能用于被动语态中，不能用于被动语态中，句中短语句中短语 in the last two decades 可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。可确定句子的时态为现在完成时。大家注意了！2021/8/6273. Festivals and celebrations of all kinds have been held everywhere. of all kinds 各种各

16、样的各种各样的【归纳】【归纳】2021/8/628 That kind of question is very difficult to answer. = Questions of that kind are difficult to answer. 那类问题是很难解答的。那类问题是很难解答的。2021/8/629 We sell all kinds of shoes. = We sell shoes of all kinds. 我们卖各式各样的鞋。我们卖各式各样的鞋。 You can see different kinds of animals in the zoo. = You can

17、see animals of different kinds in the zoo.你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。你在动物园可以看见不同种类的动物。2021/8/630Practice Books of this kind _ (sell) well in the bookstore. This kind of books _ (sell) well in the bookstore. 句中谓语动词的单复数由句中谓语动词的单复数由“books”确确定。定。句中的谓语动词由句中的谓语动词由“kind”确定。确定。（用动词的适当形式填空）（用动词的适当形式填空） sellsells2021/8

18、/6314. would starve if food was difficult to find, . 如果食物难找到如果食物难找到, 他们会挨饿。他们会挨饿。 starve v. 挨饿挨饿; 饿死饿死 He said he would starve rather than beg for food. 他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。他说他宁愿挨饿也不要饭吃。 starve to death 饿死饿死2021/8/6325. They would starve if food was difficult to find, starve: v. 挨饿挨饿 e.g. Thousands of peop

19、le_ in the world.成千上万的人在挨饿。成千上万的人在挨饿。are starving2021/8/633be starved ofstarve for渴望，急需，迫切需要渴望，急需，迫切需要e.g. The people in the disaster area_. 灾区人民急需用药。灾区人民急需用药。are starved of/ starving for medicine2021/8/6346. originorigin n. 起源；源头起源；源头 the origins of the life on earth 地球上生命的起源。地球上生命的起源。2021/8/6351)

20、光荣，荣誉光荣，荣誉(n) They fight for the honour of the country. One must show honour to ones parents.2) in honour of 为了纪念为了纪念 A festival is set in honour of the hero.7. honour2021/8/6363) an honour 光荣的人或事情光荣的人或事情 Liu Xiang is an honour to our country.4) 尊敬尊敬,给以荣誉（给以荣誉（v） Children should honour their parents

21、.2021/8/6378. , or satisfy the ancestors, satisfy: 满足；使满意满足；使满意 satisfy sb./ sth. _ be satisfied with sb./ sth. _ be satisfied to do sth. _使使满意（满足）满意（满足）对对感到满意感到满意对做对做感到满意感到满意2021/8/638e.g. 1) The colours of the picture quite_. 这幅画的色彩很悦目。这幅画的色彩很悦目。 2) She_ anything but the best. 她事事都要最好的方才罢休。她事事都要最好

22、的方才罢休。 3) We_ get a timely answer. 得到及时的回答，我们感到满意。得到及时的回答，我们感到满意。 satisfy the eyeis not satisfied withwere satisfied to2021/8/6399. harm n 损害，伤害损害，伤害e.g. He meant no harm to you. ( He didnt intend to hurt you.) do sb harm =do harm to sb =harm sbVtA few late nights never did anyone harm.The events ha

23、s harmed the relations between the two countries. 2021/8/64010. in memory of/ to the memory of sb. 纪念某人纪念某人 The statue was built in memory of the famous scientist. 这个雕像是为了纪念那位这个雕像是为了纪念那位有名的科学家而建立的。有名的科学家而建立的。2021/8/64111. because they think that this will lead the ancestors back to earth. lead sb. t

24、o + n. _ lead sb to do sth. _lead to + n. _ e.g. 1) This street_. 你沿这条街走就可以到达车站。你沿这条街走就可以到达车站。带领某人通往带领某人通往/到到使使做做引领，通向；导致，招致引领，通向；导致，招致leads you to the station2021/8/6422) What _ it? 什么使你相信它？什么使你相信它？3)_. 条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）条条大路通罗马（殊途同归）4)_. 勤奋就能成功，而懒惰导致失败。勤奋就能成功，而懒惰导致失败。 led you to believeAll roads lead t

25、o RomeHard work leads to success,while laziness leads to failure2021/8/64312. dress up dress作及物动词时作及物动词时, 不接不接clothes之类之类的表示衣服的名词的表示衣服的名词, 而是接表示人的而是接表示人的句词或代词句词或代词, 意思是意思是“给给穿衣服穿衣服”。当表示自己穿衣服时当表示自己穿衣服时, 则用反身代词则用反身代词, 如：如：2021/8/644Wake up children and dress them. 唤醒孩子唤醒孩子,给他们穿上衣服。给他们穿上衣服。dress的过去分词常用

26、来构成的过去分词常用来构成get dressed与与be dressed短语短语, 前者表示前者表示 动态动态, 后者表示静态后者表示静态, 穿何种衣服穿何种衣服, 则则用介词用介词in. 如：如：2021/8/645 Harry up and get dressed. 快点穿上衣服。快点穿上衣服。 The girl was dressed in red. 这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。这个女孩穿着一身红衣服。dress up是是“穿上最好的衣服穿上最好的衣服”, 常常指指“打扮打扮,化装化装”，如，如:You should dress up when you take part in the pa

27、rty.2021/8/646She is _ in red today and looks very beautiful.A. wearingB. having onC. dressingD. dressedD. dressed2021/8/64713. awards award. n. 奖奖, 奖品奖品 v. 判给判给, 授予授予award sb. sth. 奖赏某人某物奖赏某人某物2021/8/648辨析辨析: award 和和reward：award后接双宾语后接双宾语 award sb. a metal 授予某人奖章授予某人奖章reward 奖赏奖赏, 给给报酬报酬, 不能接双宾语不能

28、接双宾语;reward sb. for sth. 因因 奖赏某人；奖赏某人；reward sb. with sth. 用某物酬劳某人用某物酬劳某人用力想啊！2021/8/649 She rewarded herself with a cup of coffee after a whole mornings hard work. 一上午的刻苦学习后一上午的刻苦学习后, 她冲一杯她冲一杯咖啡来奖赏自己。咖啡来奖赏自己。2021/8/65014. admire admire v. 意为意为“赞赏赞赏; 钦佩钦佩; 羡慕羡慕; 赞美赞美; 夸奖夸奖”注意注意: 表示表示“在某方面钦佩某人在某方面钦佩某

29、人”用用“admire sb. for sth.” We all admire him for his courage and bravery.我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。我们都钦佩他的勇气和胆识。2021/8/65115. look forward to look forward to (doing) sth. 意为期意为期待着待着(做做)某事某事, 其中的其中的to是介词是介词, 而不而不是动词不定式符号。是动词不定式符号。2021/8/652 Boys and girls are looking forward to Spring Festival. 孩子们渴盼着过年。孩子们渴盼着过年。

30、Hes looking forward to hearing from his pen pal. 他期待着笔友来信。他期待着笔友来信。2021/8/65316. as thoughas though和和as if没有什么区别。没有什么区别。as if用用得普遍些得普遍些, 却可引导方式状语从句和表却可引导方式状语从句和表语从句语从句, 其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。其从句谓语常用虚拟语气。2021/8/654(1) 引导方式状语从句引导方式状语从句 She acted as though nothing had happened 她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。她装得好像什么事也没发生过似的。 当从

31、句主语和主句主语一致当从句主语和主句主语一致,从句谓从句谓语中又含有动词语中又含有动词to be时时, 可以把主语可以把主语和和to be一起省去。一起省去。2021/8/655 He looked about as though (he was) in search of something 他四处张望他四处张望, 好像寻找什么。好像寻找什么。(2) 引导表语从句引导表语从句 It looks as if its going to rain 看样子天要下雨了。看样子天要下雨了。2021/8/656 as though和和as if从句用虚拟语气从句用虚拟语气,还是还是用陈述语气。完全根据具体

32、情况而定。用陈述语气。完全根据具体情况而定。如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反如果从句表示的意思与事实完全相反, 或者纯粹是一种假设或者纯粹是一种假设, 通常用虚拟语气。通常用虚拟语气。 The child talks as if she were an adult. 那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。那孩子说话的样子好像她是个大人。2021/8/65717. have fun with have fun意为意为“过得快乐过得快乐”同义词同义词组为组为have a good time, enjoy oneself. 短语有短语有have fun ( in ) doing sth.2021/8/65

33、8With ones permissionWith the permission of sb.Without permissionask sb. for permission give sb. permission to do 2021/8/659Permit sb. to doPermit doing2021/8/660_ from the Great Wall, our school is very beautiful._ from the Great Wall, we feel proud of our beautiful school.Conclusion ：与主句共享与主句共享一个主

34、语一个主语 与与主句主语主句主语构成主动关系构成主动关系_ 与与主句主语主句主语构成被动关系构成被动关系_分词作状语分词作状语现在分词现在分词过去分词过去分词SeenSeeing2021/8/661当分词或不定式的逻辑主语当分词或不定式的逻辑主语不是主句的主语不是主句的主语时，时，可以可以带有自己的主语带有自己的主语（名词或代词的主格），这（名词或代词的主格），这样的结构属于样的结构属于独立主格独立主格结构。其结构为：结构。其结构为：“名词的普通格或代词的主格名词的普通格或代词的主格 + doing/done/to do/n./adj./adv./介词短语介词短语，主句主句”独立主格结构的特点

35、独立主格结构的特点1.1. 独立主格的逻辑主语独立主格的逻辑主语与句子的主语不同与句子的主语不同，它，它独立存在。独立存在。2.2. 独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开，但独立主格结构一般用逗号与主句分开，但 与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。与主句之间不能使用任何连接词。2021/8/662He stood there, his eyes staring at the girl.The girls lay on her back, her hands crossed under her head. The teacher came in, a book in her hand.The floor

36、wet, we have to stay outside for a while.The class over, we all went home.2021/8/663Set set set settingThey ate everything that was set in front of themWhat he said set me thinking.I set my watch by the TV.They havent set a date for their wedding yet.We sat and watching the sun setting.放置；安放放置；安放使开始

37、使开始设置；调整设置；调整确定；安排确定；安排落下落下2021/8/664建立；建起；设置建立；建起；设置Set out Set out to do = set about (doing) sth.记下；写下；登记记下；写下；登记 Set downSet aside出发；动身出发；动身开始做某事开始做某事出发；动身；启程出发；动身；启程陈述；阐明陈述；阐明Set off (for)1. 把把放到一旁放到一旁2. 省出；留出（钱或时间）省出；留出（钱或时间）3. 暂时不考虑；放一放暂时不考虑；放一放Set up推迟；耽误推迟；耽误分开分开留出；拨出留出；拨出(专用专用)Set sb. / sth

38、. apart (from sb. / sth.)Set sth. apart (for sth.)Set forthSet back2021/8/665填表填表fill in the form以以的形式的形式in the form of养成好习惯养成好习惯form a good habit/ good habits形成做某事的习惯形成做某事的习惯form a habit of doing 2021/8/666play a joke /jokes on sb.play a trick / tricks on sb.make fun of sb.laugh at关于取笑（戏弄）某人的表达方式关于

39、取笑（戏弄）某人的表达方式2021/8/667be confident of (doing) sth.be confident thathave confidence in sb. / sth.形容词与形容词与ofof搭配搭配名词与名词与inin搭配搭配2021/8/668first of all首先首先after all毕竟毕竟in all总计总计all in all总之总之not at all一点也不一点也不2021/8/669brokenbrokeadj. 碎了的，坏了的；碎了的，坏了的；断了的断了的donebe /get broken2021/8/670 Can you _ from

40、old habits? The meeting _ at 11. He was 29 when the war _. On my way to Beijing , my car _. Someone _ Johns house last night and stole a computer. The window was _ by a stone. Dont _ when he was telling the story.break awaybroke upbroke outbroken upbreak inbroke downbroke into2021/8/671attachto把把附加在

41、附加在上上把邮票粘在信封上把邮票粘在信封上把标签贴到行李上把标签贴到行李上把重要性附加到英语学习上把重要性附加到英语学习上attach a stamp to the envelopattach labels to the luggageattach importance to English learning认为英语学习重要认为英语学习重要2021/8/672attach to sb./sth.与与有关联有关联附属于附属于依恋；爱慕依恋；爱慕be attached to sth. This middle school is attached to He Bei Normal Universit

42、y.be attached to sb./sth.2021/8/673近五年来，我国肥胖儿童增长率正以每年近五年来，我国肥胖儿童增长率正以每年8 8的速度递增。的速度递增。“小胖墩小胖墩”增多带来的增多带来的健康健康问题问题令人担忧令人担忧。请你以。请你以“Save Our Fat ChildrenSave Our Fat Children”为题，给某英文报纸写一篇短文。短文应包括为题，给某英文报纸写一篇短文。短文应包括以下要点：以下要点：1. 1. 人民生活水平提高人民生活水平提高, , 造成儿童营养过剩。造成儿童营养过剩。2. 2. 儿童饮食结构不合理，营养不均衡。儿童饮食结构不合理，营养

43、不均衡。3. 3. 不良生活习惯、缺乏运动导致体重增加。不良生活习惯、缺乏运动导致体重增加。4. 4. 你的建议你的建议。生词：生词： 营养营养 nutritionnutrition说明：字数说明：字数9090左右。标题、首句已给出，不计左右。标题、首句已给出，不计入总词数。入总词数。2021/8/674As more and more fat children appear in China, it worries families and society. There are many reasons for this. First, people are better off. They

44、 buy their children more fat food than their body can make use of. Second, most fat children prefer food with too much fat and sugar to a balanced diet. Whats more, bad living habits, for example, staying indoors without enough exercise, also account for a childs weight problem.In my opinion, fat ch

45、ildren need regular meals, enough but not too much nutrition as well asproper outdoor activities. In short, a healthy living habit will make a difference.2021/8/675Peoples lives are getting better and better.Parents always buy as much nutritious food as they can to provide children enough nutrition.

46、 As a result, they get too much to digest.2021/8/676野生动物是人类的朋友，但它们仍在被人类无情地野生动物是人类的朋友，但它们仍在被人类无情地猎杀。请以猎杀。请以 “It s high time for us to take It s high time for us to take actionaction”为题，写一篇短文。短文应包括以下要点：为题，写一篇短文。短文应包括以下要点： 1 1 野生动物的作用野生动物的作用( (给人们快乐、保持生态平给人们快乐、保持生态平衡衡) )。 2 2一些野生动物的现状一些野生动物的现状( (被猎杀，濒临

47、灭绝被猎杀，濒临灭绝) )。 3 3 野生动物灭绝的后果野生动物灭绝的后果( (生物链被破坏、人类遭生物链被破坏、人类遭受灾难受灾难) )。 4 4 保护野生动物的建议保护野生动物的建议( (立法、建自然保护区、立法、建自然保护区、教育人们提高认识教育人们提高认识) )可能用到的词：可能用到的词： 生物链生物链 biological chainbiological chain 认识、觉悟认识、觉悟awarenessawareness说明：字数说明：字数110110左右。标题、首句已给出，不计入总左右。标题、首句已给出，不计入总词数词数 Its high time for us to take

48、action As we know, wild animals are friends of human beings 2021/8/677As we know, wild animals are friends of human beings. They not only bring us a lot of fun but also play an important role in keeping the balance of nature.Unfortunately, they are being shot and killed without mercy. As a result, s

49、ome species are in danger of dying out. If things go on like this, biological chains will be destroyed and man will suffer from a terrible disaster in time.In order to prevent this from happening, human beings have to something. First, strict laws must be made to protect the wild animals from being

50、hunted. Second, we must set up nature reserve to provide animals with comfortable habitats. Third, great importance must be attached to educating people to raise their awareness of wildlife protection.2021/8/678Answer key for Discovering useful structures2021/8/679Modal Verb I Modal Verb I Unit 1Uni

51、t 12021/8/680 He must have gone to Beijing.2. The door was locked. She couldnt have been at home.3. They may be still waiting for us.Translate the following sentences into Chinese. Pay attention to the mood. 他一定已经去北京了。他一定已经去北京了。门是锁着的，门是锁着的， 所以她不可能在家。所以她不可能在家。他们可能还在等我们呢。他们可能还在等我们呢。2021/8/6814. He mig

52、ht have read about the news in the newspaper.5. You should have told him a week ago.6. Can you give me some suggestions? 7. They wanted to know when you would go to the park. 他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。他可能已经从报纸上知道这个消息了。你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。你本来应该在一周前告诉他的。你能给我一些建议吗？你能给我一些建议吗？他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。他们想知道你们什么时候去公园。2021/8/682情态动

53、词表示说话人的某种感情或语情态动词表示说话人的某种感情或语气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。气，对某一动作或状态的某种态度。表示表示“需要、可以、必须、应当需要、可以、必须、应当”等。等。 什么是情态动词？什么是情态动词？ (Modal Verbs)(Modal Verbs)2021/8/683Words like can, will, may, must, and afew others are called modals. Modal verbs help other verbs express a meaning or an idea. Some common uses of the mo

54、dals are these:Ability: 1 He can speak English now. 2 He couldnt speak English a year ago. 3 Im not able to come to the game on Friday.2021/8/684Permission: All passengers may now board. We can board now.Obligation: You must fasten your seat belts. (strong) You should pay attention. (weak) You ought

55、 to pay attention.Possibility: 1 It may rain. 2 How could I forget an important thing like that? 3 He cant /couldnt have known the result.2021/8/685Meanings similar to those of the modals can often be conveyed by real verb forms:He has to.=must is able tospeak English =can is allowed to.=may is supp

56、osed to=should 2021/8/686情态动词的语法特征情态动词的语法特征1. 情态动词情态动词 不能单独做谓语，除不能单独做谓语，除ought 和和have外，后面只能接不带外，后面只能接不带to 的不定式。的不定式。 2. 情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有情态动词没有人称，数的变化，但有 些情态动词，如些情态动词，如can, will也有一般式也有一般式 和过去式的变化。和过去式的变化。2021/8/687只作情态动词的只作情态动词的 can/could, may/might, ought to, must可情态可实义的可情态可实义的 need, dare/dared可情态可助

57、动词的可情态可助动词的 shall/should, will/would相当于情态动词的相当于情态动词的 have to, used to3. 情态动词的情态动词的“时态时态”形式并不是时间形式并不是时间区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动区别的主要标志，不少情况下，情态动词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来词的现在式形式和过去式形式都可用来表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。表示现在时间、过去时间和将来时间。2021/8/688 1) can的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. _： eg. The girl can dance very well. B. _： eg. Can the news b

58、e true?can 和和could：表示能力表示能力表示推测可能性表示推测可能性（多用于疑问否定句中）（多用于疑问否定句中）2021/8/689其他用法：命令，惊讶，不相信等。其他用法：命令，惊讶，不相信等。If you wont keep quiet, you can get out!You cant be serious! C. _:eg. Can I sit here? 表请求或允许表请求或允许2021/8/6902) could的主要用法是：的主要用法是： A. _: eg. We all knew that the young man couldnt be a doctor. 我三

59、岁就能看书了。我三岁就能看书了。 Father said I could go out with my friends.could 是是can的过去式的过去式, 表示表示过去的能力过去的能力,许可和推测许可和推测2021/8/691Whats for dinner? I could eat a horse.My wife is in hospital. Our baby could arrive at any time.B. could可代替可代替can表示请求表示请求, 语气委婉语气委婉eg. Could you lend me your bike? Could I use your bik

60、e? -Yes, you canC 表示现在的可能与能力，可能性要小表示现在的可能与能力，可能性要小D 表轻微的责备表轻微的责备You could be more careful.2021/8/6925) eg. They cant /couldnt have gone out because the light is still on.cant /couldnt have done 过否猜过否猜must do/be 现肯猜现肯猜cant do/be 现否猜现否猜must have done 过肯猜过肯猜2021/8/693 must表示推测，语气非常肯定，表示推测，语气非常肯定，近乎确定的意