Unit 1 Cultural relics

1、 在在2010年上海世界博览会召开之前，举办方在全国各地招募志年上海世界博览会召开之前，举办方在全国各地招募志愿者，请以一个参选者的身份写一篇愿者，请以一个参选者的身份写一篇120词左右的英语短文谈谈你词左右的英语短文谈谈你参选志愿者的理由。参选志愿者的理由。范文背诵范文背诵 I would like to be a volunteer in the Shanghai World Expo in my spare time. My reasons are as follows: First of all, it is a good virtue to help others, even in

2、modern society. We all need othershelp in case we get into trouble.Secondly, I am able to better help others because I gain valuable experience and build up my confidence while serving others. Whats more, volunteering makes me feel better about myself,thus making my life more enjoyable. More importa

3、ntly, we can make the world a better place to live in by volunteering to improve it.I look forward to be a volunteer to help others. In summary,volunteering can make a difference to our life, so I think it is very rewarding to be a volunteer.句型背诵句型背诵 I would like to be a volunteer in the Shanghai Wo

4、rld Expo in my spare time. Whats more, volunteering makes me feel better about myself, thus making my life more enjoyable. More importantly, we can make the world a better place to live in.1. _ adj.文化的文化的 _ n.文化，文明文化，文明 2. _ adj. 稀罕的稀罕的;稀有的稀有的;珍贵的珍贵的 _ adv. 罕有地；很少地罕有地；很少地3. _ adj.贵重的；有价值的贵重的；有价值的 _

5、n.价值价值 _ adj.无价的，无价的，极宝贵的极宝贵的 _ adj.无价值的无价值的;不值钱的不值钱的4. _ vi.幸免幸免;幸存幸存;生还生还 _ n.幸存，生还幸存，生还 _ n.生还者生还者5. _ vt.使吃惊；惊讶使吃惊；惊讶 _ adj.惊讶的惊讶的 _ adj.令人吃惊令人吃惊的的 _ n.惊异惊异6. _ vt.挑选挑选;选择选择 _ n.选择选择答案答案:1. cultural;culture 2. rare; rarely3. valuable; value; invaluable/priceless;valueless/worthless4. survive; su

6、rvival; survivor5. amaze; amazed; amazing; amazement6. select; selection 7. _ n.设计设计;图案图案;构思；构思；vt.设计设计;计划计划;构思构思 _ n.设计者设计者8. _ adj.奇特的；异样的；奇特的；异样的；vt.想象；设想；爱好想象；设想；爱好9. _ v.装饰；装修装饰；装修 _ n.装饰物装饰物;装修装修10. _ n.C珠宝珠宝;宝石宝石 _ n.U珠宝总称；首饰珠宝总称；首饰11. _ n.接待；招待会；接收接待；招待会；接收 _ v.接待；接受；收到接待；接受；收到12. _ vt.移动移动;

7、 搬开搬开 _ n.移动移动;搬迁；免职搬迁；免职13. _ n.根据；证据根据；证据 _ adj. 明显的；显而易见的明显的；显而易见的7. design; designer 8. fancy decorate decoration 10. jewel; jewellery/jewelry11. reception; receive 12. remove; removal13. evidence; evident 1. in search _ 搜寻搜寻;寻找寻找 2. belong _ 属于属于 3. _ return作为报答；回报作为报答；回报4. _ war处于交战状态处于交战状态5.

8、_ than少于少于 6. _ apart拆开拆开7. think _ of看重看重;器重器重 of to in at less take highly In 1770 the room was completed _ _ _ _ . 1770 年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。年，这间琥珀屋按照她的要求完成了。2. This was a time _ the two countries were _ _ . 这是在两国交战的时期。这是在两国交战的时期。 when at war the way she wanted1. survive vi.幸免；生还；幸存幸免；生还；幸存 vt. 经历经历而

9、幸存；比而幸存；比活的时间长活的时间长Of the six people injured in the crash, only two survived. 在这次撞车事故受伤的在这次撞车事故受伤的6个人中，只有个人中，只有2个人活了下来。个人活了下来。Few buildings in Beichuan County survived the big earthquake on May 12. 在在5月月12日的大地震中，北川县残留的建筑物寥寥无几。日的大地震中，北川县残留的建筑物寥寥无几。常用结构：常用结构：survive on sth. 靠靠生存（意思等同于生存（意思等同于live on s

10、th.）survive sb. (by.)比比活得长活得长survive sth. 幸免于；从幸免于；从中挺过来中挺过来 【联想拓展联想拓展】survival n. U幸存；幸存；C残存物残存物 survivor n.生还者，幸存者生还者，幸存者用法点拨：用法点拨： survive本身已表示本身已表示“幸存；幸免于幸存；幸免于”，因此后面不需要，因此后面不需要加加in或或from等介词。当等介词。当survive作及物动词，意为作及物动词，意为“比比多活多长多活多长时间时间”时，用时，用“A+ survive+ B+ by+ 时间时间”表示。表示。 【即学即练即学即练】完成句子完成句子她丈夫去

11、世后她又活了她丈夫去世后她又活了10年。年。 She _ her husband _ ten years.The old couple _ _ _ （从战争中幸存（从战争中幸存下来）下来）.In the terrible accident, there were no _ （幸存者）（幸存者）.【速记名片速记名片】一石四鸟之句一石四鸟之句He was the only survivor that survived the accident, but he survived long, and even survived his son.他不仅在那场事故中幸免于难，而且还活了很长他不仅在那场事故

12、中幸免于难，而且还活了很长时间，甚至比他的儿子活的时间还长。时间，甚至比他的儿子活的时间还长。survived by survived the war survivors2. design n. 设计；图案；构思设计；图案；构思 vt. 设计；计划；构思设计；计划；构思I like the design of that rug. 我喜欢那块地毯的图案。我喜欢那块地毯的图案。A new highway between the two cities is being designed. 这两个城市之间的一条新高速公路正在设计中。这两个城市之间的一条新高速公路正在设计中。用法点拨用法点拨: desi

13、gn作为名词作为名词,如果表达如果表达“设计设计”时一般用作不可数名词时一般用作不可数名词,如果表达如果表达“设计式样设计式样”时一般用作可数名词时一般用作可数名词;作及物动词时作及物动词时,后面直接后面直接跟宾语。跟宾语。常用结构：常用结构：by design=on purpose 有意地，故意地有意地，故意地be designed to do. 目的是做目的是做；被打算做；被打算做be designed for. 为为而打算设计而打算设计【即学即练即学即练】完成句子完成句子你觉得他是偶尔如此，还是故意的？你觉得他是偶尔如此，还是故意的？ Do you think he did it acc

14、idenally or _ _ ？实验的目的是测试新药。实验的目的是测试新药。 The experiment _ _ _ test the new drug. 这些房子是专门为老年人而设计的。这些房子是专门为老年人而设计的。 The houses are specially _ _ the old people. 答案答案:by design/on purpose is designed to designed for单项填空单项填空I like the television programme _ educate not merely entertain. A. designed toB.

15、designed for C. is designed toD. is designed for解析：选解析：选A。be designed to do为固定搭配，表示为固定搭配，表示“目的目的是是”。designed to.在句中为过去分词短语作后置定语，在句中为过去分词短语作后置定语，修饰名词修饰名词programme。B、D两项中的两项中的for为介词为介词,后面需接后面需接v.-ing形式或名词形式或名词,故排除。故排除。3. worth adj.值得的值得的; 相当于相当于的价值的价值 n.价值价值; 作用作用The new car costs a lot of money, but

16、its worth much. 买这辆新汽车花了很多钱买这辆新汽车花了很多钱, 但确实物有所值。但确实物有所值。The thieves stole one million poundsworth of jewellery. 窃贼偷走了价值窃贼偷走了价值100万英镑的珠宝。万英镑的珠宝。用法点拨用法点拨: worth除了可以用在除了可以用在its worth + n./doing sth.的句型中的句型中,后面还可以跟表示价值的名词后面还可以跟表示价值的名词,若后面跟非谓语动词时若后面跟非谓语动词时,要跟要跟v.-ing，而不可以跟动词不定式而不可以跟动词不定式,并且用并且用v.-ing的主动形

17、式表示被动概念。的主动形式表示被动概念。【联想拓展联想拓展】be worth+n. 当名词为金钱时，表示当名词为金钱时，表示“值值钱钱”be worth doing 某事值得被做某事值得被做be worthy of+n. 当名词为抽象名词时当名词为抽象名词时,表示表示 “值得值得”be worthy to be/of being done 某事值得被做某事值得被做be worthwhile to do sth. 值得做某事值得做某事It be worthwhile doing sth. 值得做某事值得做某事It be worthwhile for sb. to do sth. 值得某人去做某事

18、值得某人去做某事【即学即练即学即练】完成句子完成句子这本书值得读。这本书值得读。The book is worth reading.=The book is _ _ _ read.=It is _ _ the book.答案答案:worthy to be; worthwhile reading【速记名片速记名片】一石二鸟之句一石二鸟之句This movie is well worth seeing,but it is not worthy of being seen/to be seen twice. 这部电影值得看但是不值得看两遍。这部电影值得看但是不值得看两遍。【即学即练即学即练】单项填空

19、单项填空This book is worthy of _ twice. A. readingB. read C. having read D. being read解析：选解析：选D。 be worthy 后可以用后可以用to be done或或of being done结构，结构，而而worth后用动名词的主动形式表示被动概念。后用动名词的主动形式表示被动概念。He is well skilled _ playing the piano, so his music is worth _. A. with; listeningB. with; listening to C. in; liste

20、ning D. in; listening to 解析：选解析：选D。be skilled in/at跟名词或动名词跟名词或动名词,意为意为“在在方面有能方面有能力的力的”。worth意为意为“值得值得”,后跟动名词的主动形式表被动概念。后跟动名词的主动形式表被动概念。在句中在句中,music作作listen to的逻辑宾语的逻辑宾语,而而listen为不及物动词为不及物动词,to不可省不可省略略。4. wonder n.C 奇迹；奇观；奇迹；奇观；U惊奇；惊讶惊奇；惊讶 v. 想知道；对想知道；对感到惊奇感到惊奇The Great Wall is one of the seven wonde

21、rs in the world.长城是世界七大奇迹之一。长城是世界七大奇迹之一。She always wondered how she could operate the new machine.她想知道她怎么才能操作这台新机器。她想知道她怎么才能操作这台新机器。用法点拨：用法点拨： wonder作作“奇迹；奇观奇迹；奇观”讲时为可数名词，作讲时为可数名词，作“惊奇惊奇,惊叹惊叹”讲时为不可数名词。讲时为不可数名词。常用结构：常用结构：It be a wonder (that). 奇怪的是奇怪的是（It be）no/little/small wonder (that.) 难怪难怪；并不奇怪并不

22、奇怪【即学即练】【即学即练】完成句子完成句子你吃的那么多，难怪你睡不着。你吃的那么多，难怪你睡不着。 _ _ _ you cant sleep when you eat so much. 我很想知道他是谁，来自哪里，为什么来。我很想知道他是谁，来自哪里，为什么来。 I _ who he was, where he were from and why he came. 答案答案: Its no wonder wonder单项填空单项填空He is always the first to come and the last to leave. _is no wonder he always tak

23、es the first place in class. A. It B. There C. That D. This 解析：选解析：选A。It is no wonder （that.）意为）意为“难怪难怪”符合语境。符合语境。5. doubt n. 怀疑怀疑;疑惑疑惑 vt.怀疑怀疑;不信不信I dont doubt that he is honest. 我不怀疑他是诚实的。我不怀疑他是诚实的。 We doubt if he is honest. 我们怀疑他是否诚实。我们怀疑他是否诚实。用法点拨：用法点拨： doubt作为名词，如果表达作为名词，如果表达“困惑困惑”的事情，的事情，用作可数名

24、词；如果表达用作可数名词；如果表达“在某事上的困惑，在某事上的困惑，”一般一般用作不可数名词。作为动词，在否定句和疑问句中，用作不可数名词。作为动词，在否定句和疑问句中，后接后接that引导的从句；在肯定句中，后接引导的从句；在肯定句中，后接whether/if引引导的从句。导的从句。常用结构：常用结构：in doubt 怀疑；拿不定主意怀疑；拿不定主意no/without/beyond doubt 无疑地；必定；当然无疑地；必定；当然there is no doubt that. 毫无疑问毫无疑问（that从句为同位语从句，表从句为同位语从句，表示示no doubt的实际内容，同位语从句亦可

25、由的实际内容，同位语从句亦可由whether引导）引导）【即学即练即学即练】完成句子完成句子他肯定不是有意要伤害你的。他肯定不是有意要伤害你的。 _ _he didnt mean to hurt you. 当你对这个问题没有把握时，请教一下老师。当你对这个问题没有把握时，请教一下老师。 When_ _ about the question, youd better ask the teacher. 答案答案:No doubt in doubt单项填空单项填空There is no doubt _ he will be asked to speak again next year. A. tha

26、t B. whether C. what D. how解析：选解析：选A。doubt 后的同位语从句的引导词有这样的规律：如果后的同位语从句的引导词有这样的规律：如果doubt前有否定词，从句用前有否定词，从句用that引导；如果引导；如果doubt前没有否定词，则前没有否定词，则用疑问代词、副词或用疑问代词、副词或whether引导。引导。6. in search of寻找寻找 I looked everywhere in search of my lost pen. 我四处寻找我丢失的钢笔。我四处寻找我丢失的钢笔。用法点拨：用法点拨：in search of短语中，如果短语中，如果sear

27、ch前有物主代词或者其前有物主代词或者其他成分修饰时，我们经常用他成分修饰时，我们经常用in ones search for的形式。的形式。in search of 与与search for 后直接跟所寻找的对象或目标。后直接跟所寻找的对象或目标。【易混辨析】【易混辨析】search/search for/search.for/in search ofsearch表示表示“搜索；搜寻；调查搜索；搜寻；调查”。search sb.意为意为“搜某人搜某人身身”；search sp.意为意为“在某地搜查在某地搜查”（意图找到某东西）。（意图找到某东西）。search for意为意为“寻找寻找”，指搜

28、寻某个特定的目标，相当于，指搜寻某个特定的目标，相当于look for。search.for意为意为“搜查某人或某地以寻找某物搜查某人或某地以寻找某物”。in search of介词短语，意为介词短语，意为“寻找寻找”，后接寻找的目标或对象。，后接寻找的目标或对象。【即学即练即学即练】完成句子完成句子警察搜索那栋房屋，寻找被偷的宝石。警察搜索那栋房屋，寻找被偷的宝石。 The police _ the house _ the stolen jewel. 他们在门口搜查了那个士兵。他们在门口搜查了那个士兵。 They _ the guard at the gate.警察到处搜捕他。最终他被抓住了

29、，现在警察正在对他进行搜身。警察到处搜捕他。最终他被抓住了，现在警察正在对他进行搜身。 The police _ _ him everywhere. He was caught at last and now the police are _ him.显然有人搜过他的房子显然有人搜过他的房子那本书不见了。那本书不见了。 His house had clearly been _ and the book was missing.答案答案:searched; for searched searched for；searchingsearched单项填空单项填空They were walking a

30、round the town _ a place for the party. A. in search of B. search C. searching of D. searched for解析：选解析：选A。in search of为介词短语，意为为介词短语，意为“寻找寻找”，符合句意。，符合句意。B、D两项动词形式不对；无两项动词形式不对；无C项项search of 此种搭配。此种搭配。7. belong to 属于属于Who does this watch belong to?这块表是谁的？这块表是谁的？用法点拨用法点拨:belong to不用于进行时态和被动语态中。不用于进行时态和

31、被动语态中。to 为介词为介词,其后其后接代词接代词,名词类短语及从句名词类短语及从句,表示所归属的对象。表示所归属的对象。belong可以用于除可以用于除to以外的其他介词或副词前面以外的其他介词或副词前面,表示表示“应处在（某处）应处在（某处）;适合在某处适合在某处”。The book belongs on that shelf. 这本书应是放在那个架子上的。这本书应是放在那个架子上的。【联想拓展联想拓展】belong vi.属于属于;应在应在(某处某处);适应适应 belongings n.财产财产,所有物所有物;动产动产She lost all her belongings in th

32、e earthquake. 她在地震中失去了所有的财产。她在地震中失去了所有的财产。I dont really feel I belong here. 我感觉我并不适合在这个地方。我感觉我并不适合在这个地方。【即学即练即学即练】单项填空单项填空 As is known to us all, China is a developing country _ the third world. A. belonging B. belonged C. belonging to D. belonged to 解析：选解析：选C。belong to 此处作定语，无被动语态和进行时态，必须此处作定语，无被动语

33、态和进行时态，必须和和to连用构成及物动词连用构成及物动词 短语。短语。8. Frederick William , the King of Prussia, could never have imagined that his greatest gift to the Russian people would have such an amazing history. (P1)普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这普鲁士国王威廉一世绝不可能想到他送给俄罗斯人民的厚礼会有这样一段令人惊讶的历史。样一段令人惊讶的历史。情态动词情态动词+have done表示对过去发生的事情的

34、推测、批评、反悔等。表示对过去发生的事情的推测、批评、反悔等。Mr Smith cant have gone to Beijing, for I saw him just now. 史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还见过他。史密斯先生不可能去北京了，我刚才还见过他。There is no light in the room, can they have gone out? 屋里没亮灯，他们可能出去了吗？屋里没亮灯，他们可能出去了吗？【联想拓展联想拓展】couldnt have done，意为，意为“过去不可能做了某事过去不可能做了某事”，表示对过去已，表示对过去已发生的事情较有把握的否定推测。

35、发生的事情较有把握的否定推测。must have done表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，意为一定做过某表示对过去发生事情的肯定推测，意为一定做过某事，只用于肯定句中。事，只用于肯定句中。may/might have done表示对过去发生的情况的推测，意为表示对过去发生的情况的推测，意为“也也许许”，一般用于肯定句或否定句中，不用于疑问句中。，一般用于肯定句或否定句中，不用于疑问句中。might则表示语气更加不肯定。则表示语气更加不肯定。should/ought to have done 本该做某事而实际上没做本该做某事而实际上没做shouldnt have done 本不该做某事而实际上却做

36、了本不该做某事而实际上却做了need have done 本来有必要做某事，但事实上没有做本来有必要做某事，但事实上没有做Neednt have done 本来不需要做某事实际上却做了本来不需要做某事实际上却做了would have done 本来会本来会(表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中表示与过去事实相反的虚拟语气中)【即学即练即学即练】单项填空单项填空His brother met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon, so he _ have attended your lecture. A. couldnt B. neednt C.

37、mustnt D. shouldnt解析：选解析：选A。由。由“His brother met him at the Grand Theatre yesterday afternoon”可推知可推知,当时他不在课堂上当时他不在课堂上,不可能听了你的课。不可能听了你的课。couldnt have done意为意为“不可能做了某事不可能做了某事”,符合句意。符合句意。Your mother was really anxious about you. I know. I _ home without a word. A. mustnt leave B. shouldnt have left C. c

38、ouldnt have left D. neednt leave解析：选解析：选B。由。由“Your mother was really anxious about you”和和“I know”可知，可知，“我我”是在为自己未打招呼就离家而自责。是在为自己未打招呼就离家而自责。shouldnt have done意为意为“某种行为不该发生却发生了某种行为不该发生却发生了”，符合句意。，符合句意。9. He/She only cares about whether the eyewitness has given true information, which must be facts rat

39、her than opinions. (P5)他他/她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事她关心的只是目击者是否提供了真实的信息，这些信息必须是事实而不是个人观点或看法。实而不是个人观点或看法。rather than意为意为“而不是而不是”，连接两个并列成分，这两个并列成分的，连接两个并列成分，这两个并列成分的形式应该一致。形式应该一致。rather than连接两个主语时，其后面谓语动词的单连接两个主语时，其后面谓语动词的单复数形式应遵循就前原则。类似用法的词汇、短语还有：复数形式应遵循就前原则。类似用法的词汇、短语还有：as well as，together with，e

40、xcept，but，like，with，besides，including等。等。I think Tom, rather than you, is to blame. 我认为该受责备的是汤姆，而不是你。我认为该受责备的是汤姆，而不是你。Professor Smith, together with his assistants, is doing the research day and night. 史密斯教授和他的助手们正在夜以继日地进行研究。史密斯教授和他的助手们正在夜以继日地进行研究。【联想拓展联想拓展】or rather更确切地说更确切地说 other than除了除了之外之外woul

41、d/had rather do.than do =would do.rather than do=prefer to do.rather than do.宁愿宁愿而不愿而不愿；宁愿；更喜欢；宁愿；更喜欢 He would rather go walking than watch TV at home.他宁愿出去散步也不愿待在家里看电视。他宁愿出去散步也不愿待在家里看电视。【即学即练即学即练】选词填空（选词填空（rather than/other than/or rather）I met him very late on Friday night, _, early on Saturday mo

42、rning. Does anybody _ yourself know this?I decided to send an e-mail _ telephone. 答案答案:or rather other than rather than . 单词拼写单词拼写1. While all his classmates left, he still r _ in the dark room. 2. Tom s _ his friend by 10 years after the war. 3. You can see the edition is well d _ and all the artic

43、les are well written. 4. I think he would come but its only a f _ of mine. 5. Wed better r _the box out of the room; it takes too much room. 6. I dont like talking about people s _.Why not point out their shortcomings in public? 7. There was no _(证据证据) that they had stolen the car. 8. The _(财宝财宝) du

44、g out of the earth was a box of gold coins.9. There are three other children entering the cave _ (除了除了) Lin Tao and his brother. 10. I have always been _(考虑考虑) building another house in the yard. 答案答案: 1. remained 2. survived 3. designed 4. fancy 5. remove6. secretly 7. evidence 8. treasure 9. besid

45、es 10. considering . 用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空用方框内所给短语的适当形式填空in return/take apart/think highly of/no doubt/in search of1. After leaving the army, Mr Brown came to China _ a job.2. She mentioned the names of a few judges whom she did not _.3. She gave us food and clothes and asked for nothing_ .4. There is _ t

46、hat the search for those lost cultural relics will continue.5. _the sentence_ and youll make its structure clear.答案答案: 1. in search of 2. thought highly of 3. in return4. no doubt 5. Take; apart. 单项填空单项填空1. He had much experience in repairing this kind of machine and his work was _ by his boss. A. t

47、hought highly ofB. highly thought C. a good thought D. well spoken解析：选解析：选A。think highly of意为意为“对对高度评价高度评价”，为固定搭配。，为固定搭配。2. His sister has become a teacher, _ was what she wanted to be. A. who B. that C. which D. what解析：选解析：选C。which引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面的整句话。引导非限定性定语从句，指代前面的整句话。3. They went through the for

48、est yesterday _ the lost child. A. search for B. in search of C. in search for D. searched for解析：选解析：选B。分析句子结构可知，此处不能用谓语。分析句子结构可知，此处不能用谓语。in search of为为介词短语，意为介词短语，意为“寻找寻找”符合语境。符合语境。4. The family had just moved into the new house and yesterday they bought _ yesterday. A. a lot of furnitures B. many

49、furnitures C. much furniture D. a lot furniture解析：选解析：选C。furniture为不可数名词，故选为不可数名词，故选C。5. The boy took the watch _ to see how it runs. A. apart to B. apart C. apart with D. apart on 解析：选解析：选B。take apart意为意为“拆开拆开”。6. The old lady had one son and two daughters, _ treated her well, _ made her very sad.

50、A. none of whom; which B. neither of them; which C. none of them; it D. no one of whom; as解析：选解析：选A。考查非限定性定语从句。第一个空。考查非限定性定语从句。第一个空none of whom修饰修饰人，第二个空人，第二个空which指代前面的整句话。指代前面的整句话。7. It is known that lions and tigers _ the cat family. A. is belonged to B. belong to C. belonging to D. belongs to解析：选解析：选B。belong to不能用于进行时与被动语态。不能用于进行时与被动语态。8. I know nothing about the young lady _ she is from Beijing. A. besides B. except C. except for