初中英语介词练习题及详解

1、（一）正误辨析1、 误We got to the top of the mountain in daybreak.正 We got to the top of the mountain at day break.析 at 用于具体时刻之前，如：sun rise, midday, noon, sun set, midni ght, ni ght。2、误 Dont sleep at daytime正 Dont sleep in daytime.析in 要用于较长的一段时间之内，如：in the morning / afternoon, 或 in the week /month / year. 或

2、in spri ng / supper /autu mn / win ter等等。3、误 We visited the old man in Sun day after noon.正 We visited the old man on Sun day after noon.析in the morni ng, in the afternoo n如果在这两个短语中加入任何修饰词其前面的介词都要改为 on,女口： on a cold morning, on the morning of July 14th4、 误He became a writter at his twenties正 He beca

3、me a writter in his twen ties析 这句话应译为：他在20 多岁时就成了作家。在某人的一段生活时间段中要用介词 in 来表示，而在具体岁数时用at 来表示。5、误 He went to New York to find a job in sixteen years old.正 He went to New York to find a job at sixtee n.析 在具体年岁前用 at,女口： at the age of 12 , at your age, 等等。6、误 We went to swim in the river in a very hot day

4、.正 We went to swim in the river on a very hot day.析 具体某一天要用介词 on,又如：on New Years Day7、 误rm looking forward to seeing you on Christmas.正 rm look ing for ward to see ing you at Christmas.析 在节日的当天用 on，而全部节日期间用at,Christmas 是圣诞节期间，一般要有两周或更长的时间。8、 误I have nt see you duri ng the summer holidays.正 I have nt

5、 see n you since the beg inning of the summer holidays.析during 表示在某一段时间之内，所以一般不与完成时搭配，如：I visited a lot ofmuseums during the holiday. 而 for 表示一 一段时间， 可以用于完成时，女如： I have nt see you fora long time.而 through 用来表示时间时则为”整整， 全部的时间”。 如： It rained through the night.而 since则是表达主句动作的起始时间，一般要与完成时连用。9、误 At ente

6、ring the classroom, I heard the good news.正 On en teri ng the classroom, I heard the good n ews.析 On 加动名词表示一就”。本句的译文应是：我一进入教室就听见这个好消息了。又如：on hearing一听见， on arrival 一到达就 .（on 表示动作的名词）10、 误In the beginning of the book, there are some interesting stories.正At the beg inning of the book, there are some i

7、n teresti ng stories.析at the begining 与 at the end 都是指某事物的开始与结束部分，均不指时间范围，而 in the beginning 则是指开始一段时间。in the end = at last 是指最终，终于”之意。11、 误Till the end of next week. I will have finished this work.正By the end of n ext week. I will have fini shed this work.析by 引起的时间状语表示了动作的截止点，其意思为”不迟于某一时刻将工作做完，所以主句

8、一般是完成时态。当然可以有将来时态，如：Ill be there by five oclock.而 till 则表达其一动作一直持续到某一时刻，但句中的动词一定要用持续性动词，而瞬间的截止性动词应用其否定句式，如：I wontfin ish this work till(u ntil) n ext weeke nd.12、误 He came to London before last weekend.正 He had come to London before last weeke nd.正 He came to London two weeks ago.析before 一般要与完成时连用，而

9、ago 则与一般过去时连用。13、 误I have studied English for three years gince I had come here.正I have studied En glish for three years since I came here.析since 用来表达主句动作的开始时间，所以其引出的从句中应为过去时，而不能 用完成时态14、 误I can help you repair this bike. You will get it after two hours.正I can help you repair this bike. You will get

10、 it in two hours.析 中文经常讲两小时之后来取，两天内会修好，而这个介词在英文中要用in 而不要用 after。其原因有二， after 多用于过去时，如：I arrived in New York. After three days, I found ajob in the bank.加时间是表达一个不确定的时间范围，女口： after threedays,即三天之后的哪一天都可以。所以在许诺若干时间内会完成某事时，一定要用介词in。15、误 Three days after he died.正 After three days he died.正 Three days la

11、ter he died.析 after 与 later 都可以用来表达一段时间之后，但它们所处的位置不冋，after 在时间词前，而 later 在时间词后。16、误 She hid herself after the tree.正 She hid herself beh ind the tree.析after 多用来表达某动作之后，所以有的语法书中称它为动态介词，女如：I run afterhim. After finishing my homework, I went to see a film. 而 behind 贝 V 多用于静态事物之后。17、 误There is a beautif

12、ul bird on the tree.正There is a beautiful bird in the tree.析树上长出的果实，树叶要用on,而其他外来的人、物体均要用in the tree.18、误 Shanghai is on the east of China.正 Shan ghai is in the east of China.析在表达地理位置时有3 个介词：in, on, to。in 表示在某范围之内；on 表示与某地区接壤；to 则表示不相接。如：Japan is to the east of China.19、误I arrived at New York on July

13、 2nd.正I arrived in New York on July 2nd.析at 用来表达较小的地方， 而 in 用来表达较大的地方。at 常用于 at the school gate,at home, at a bus stop, at the stati on, at the cin ema, at a small village。20、 误He lived in No. 3 Beijing Road.正He lived at No. 3 Beiji ng Road.析 在门牌号码前要用 at,并要注意它的惯用法：at the end of the street, at the fo

14、ot of themountain, at the top of the page。21、 误There is a colour TV set at the corner of the hall.正There is a colour TV set in the corner of the hall.析 在屋内的角落应用 in,而墙的外角用 at,如：There is a tree at the corner of the street.22、 误This weekend Ill stay in Uncle Wangs.正 This weeke nd Ill stay at Uncle Wan

15、gs.析 要注意英文的特殊表达法，如：at a tailors shop （裁缝店）=at a tailors, at thedoctors （去看病）at the booksellers （在书店）at uncle Wangs （在王叔叔家）23、 误Do you know there is some good news on todays newspaper正Do you know there is some good n ews in todays n ewspaper析 在报纸上的新闻要用 in,而在具体某一版上，或某一页上则要用on。24、误 The school will begi

16、n on September 1st.正 School will begi n on September 1st.析 这里的 school 应看作不可数名词泛指学校的课程，即开学之意。要注意，有些 活动场所当表达正在从事该种活动时不要加冠词，女如: at table（吃饭），When I came to Tomshome, they were at table. 还有： at desk （学习）,at work （工作）at school （上学）,in hospital （住医院）at church 作礼拜 如加上定冠词则另有他意，女口： at the school 即在学校工作或办事，in

17、 the hospital 即在医院工作或去看望病人。25、误 In my way to the station, I bought a newspaper to kill time.正 On my way to the statio n, I bought a n ewspaper to kill time.析译文为：在去车站的路上我买了份报纸，为的是消磨时光”在的路上应用on ones way 。而 in the way 有挡道之意，如：Please move the chair it is in the way。26、误 Look, the door is ope n,Maybe som

18、e onebroke in to.正Look, the door is ope n,Maybe some one broke in.正Look, the door is ope n,Maybe some one broke into theoffice.析in 是表达一个静止状态，在与 break 连用时其后不加介词宾语，而 into 则是动态介词，与 break 连用时要加介词宾语。27、 误ni leave Beijing to Shanghai tomorrow.正r II leave Beiji ng for Shan ghai.正门 I leave for Sha nghai.析le

19、ave for 是离开某地去某处的固定搭配，不可将 for 改为别的介词。这样的搭配 还有：startfor 动身前往某处，set out for, sail for。28、 误rm sorry. I have to get out the bus at next stop.正rm sorry. I have to get out of the bus at next stop.析get in,与 get out 是两个相反的词组。get in 为上车，而 get out 为下车，但语法 家认为这里的 in 与 out 为副词，所以其后不能接名词，我们可以讲Wed better get in.

20、或Wed better get out. 还有一组词组有关上下车： get on/ off（a train, a ship, a struck） get into / out of（a car, taxi）29、 误Be careful The temperature of the water is ninety degrees over zero.正Be careful. The temperature of the water is nin ety degrees above zero.析over 与 above 在作为比某物高的意思时有时可以互换。但在垂直方向上的高矮时，即正上方时则要用

21、above.而泛指上方时用 over.30、误 There is an old stone bridge above the river.正There is an old stone bridge over the river.析over 还有一意为”跨越，横跨”。31、误 The Dead Sea is under the sea level.正The Dead Sea is below the sea level.析 在垂直下方要用below.也就是讲 above 与 below 互为反意词，over 与 under也是反意词。32、 误There is a big tree in the

22、 front of the house.正There is a big tree in front of the house.析in front of 是在物体外部的前面，而 in the fro nt of 是在物体内部的前面，女口： Thedriver sits in the front of the bus.33、 误It took them two days to walk across the forest.正It took them two days to walk through the forest.析across 作为介词有两个主要意思： 横过，如：l want t o wa

23、lk across the street.对面，女口： There is a post office across the street,而 through 多用于三维空间中的穿越。 across 则多用于平面上的横过。如：The little girl ran across the room to meet her mother.34、误 The sun sets toward the west.正 The sun sets in the west.析towards 也可用作 toward，它主要表达朝向某方向运动，但不一定到达，如：Heran toward(s) the mountain.

24、而在表示方位 east, west, north, south 时，其前面要用 in。要注意 的是这4 个词可以用作副词，如：I went south.也可用作名词，如：I went to the south.也可 用作形容词，如：I went to the south part of Chi na.35、 误Do you have no other clothes except those正Do you have no other clothes besides those析 beside 是在.旁边，如：The students stood beside their teachers.而

25、besides 是除之外，不仅而且 ,除了以外还有 ,女口： I studied English besides French, when I was incollege. 而 except 则是从同一类物体中去掉某一部分，如：I come here everyday except Sun day.而 except for 是指去掉不同种类的事物，如：The room is clea n except fortwo chairs.而 except that 则要加从句。36、误 Can I write the exam paper with ink正 Can I write the exam

26、paper with a pen正 Can I write the exam paper in ink37、误 rm earlier today. I came here by his car.正rm earlier today. I came here in his car.析在交通工具前加介词by，但不能再有任何指示代词或冠词，否则要改换相应的介词。by taxi=in a taxiby train=in a trainby bicycle=on a bicycleby ship=on a shipby boat=in a boatby bus=on a busby pla ne=on a

27、 pla neby air 空运by land 陆运by sea 海运on foot on horsebackby phone by letter by radioby air mail by hand38、 误A lot of French wines are made of grape.正A lot of French wines are made from grape.析made of 是指由原材料到成品过程中原材料未发生质地的变化，而发生了某种变化则要用 from,女口： The desk was made of hard wood.39、误 This is a good dictio

28、nary in English grammar.正 This is a good dicti onary on En glish grammar.析关于某方面的书籍、报告等有两个介词，其中on 表示某专业用书，about 则为某方面的普通读物，如：This is a book about physics .即物理科普知识。40、 误Do you have the key of the door.正Do you have the key to the door.析 key to the door 门的钥匙。相同用法还有answer to the question, entrance to the

29、highway, dan ger to health.千万不要用 of。41、误Today a lot of Chinese people have interest of collecting stamps.正Today a lot of Chin ese people have in terest in collect ing stamps.析have interest in 是在某方面有兴趣。42、误I did nt do my homework, so the teacher was angry to me.正I did nt do my homework, so the teache

30、r was angry with me.析 be angry with 其后接人，而 be angry at 其后接事。女口： He was angry at what she said.43、误 He was good for skating.正 He was good at skati ng.析 be good at 为擅长某事”，而 be good for somebody 为对某人很好。44、 误It was good to you to help my little boy.正It was good of you to help my little boy.析这句话应译为：你真太好了

31、，帮助了我的小孩。而be good to somebody 是对某人态度好。如： Her mother is good to every one.45、 误My parents were very pleased at me.正My pare nts were very pleased with me.正My pare nts were very pleased at my study ing.析 be pleased with 后力口 somebody, 而 be pleased at 后力口 something。46、误 He is agree with me.正 He agrees wi

32、th me.47、误 He aga in sts me.正 He is aga inst me.析 同意 agree 为动词，而反对 against 则为介词。在使用中一定要注意。48、误 I have nt heard letters from him.正I have nt heard from him.析hear from 即为：从某人处得到信件。不要再加letter 了。49、误 Teacher. May I call at you this weekend正 Teacher. May I call on you this weeke nd析 作为拜访讲 call at 其后接地点，如：

33、May I call at your home this weekend 而 callon 其后接人。50、 误Do you know the girl on white正Do you know the girl in white析in white 为穿一身白。与 in 有关的词组有：in bed（睡觉），in hospital（住院），in a hurry（匆匆忙忙）,in danger（危险中）,in joy（高兴）,in good health（身体好）,in love（恋爱）,in trouble（困境）,与之相反的是 out of ,如：out of trouble （摆脱困境）,o

34、ut of date（过时了 ）, out of order（出故障）51、 误 He looked at me at surprise.正 He looked at me in surprise.析 surprise 的用法一般有三种。 用于句首，To ones surprise,女口： To my surprise hesucceeded. be surprised at 如: I was surprised at the news. 用于句尾 in surprise.52、 误She did nt come to school because of she was ill.正She di

35、d nt come to school because she was ill.析 because of 后接名词，如：The game was put off because of the rain.（三）例题解析1- Thank you _ the beautiful flowers!-Not at all.A in B on C at D for答案D.析由于某事向某人道谢应用for。2Can you answer this question _ EnglishA by B in C with D from答案B.析 in 表示用语言、声音、或材料，如：He answered the q

36、uestion in a low voice.3Look _ the map _ China _ the wall, please.A after, of, i n B at, of, i nC after, i n, on D at, of, on答案D.析look at 为”看”，而 on the wall 为”在墙表面挂着”，而 in the wall 则是”在墙内”，如：There is holein the wall.墙上有个洞。4- When did Mr Gree n arrive in London-He arrived there _ the evening of Decem

37、ber 6th.A at B in C on D to答案C.析in the evening / afterno on 这两个词组不论是在其前或后加上任何修饰词都应将介词换为 on,女口： on a cold morning, on a spring morning 等。5We won the relay race. And there was a big smile _ our teachers face.A off B n ear C on D betwee n答案C.6The twins got on well _ their classmates.A to B in C with Da

38、bout答案C.析get on well with 与人相处很好。7- Please remember to come to my birthday party.-I see. Ill come _ Saturday evening.A in B at C on D for答案C.8Lets hurry , or well be late _ schoolA to B at C with D for答案D.析 be late for, 而 come late to ,女口：Dont come late to school9They will have a maths test _ two da

39、ysA for B at C in D after答案C.析 三天之内应用 in,而不要受中文影响用after, after three days 是个不定的时间范围，即没有一个准确的时间。5 天、6 天、10 天全是 after three days。10My brother joined the army _A1989, March Bin March , 1989CMarch ,1989 D1989, in March答案B.析在月份、年、前用介词in,而日子前用 on。11He could nt work out the maths problem _ your helpA witho

40、ut B under C for D with答案A.析在某人帮助下应用 with ,女口： With the help of the teacher I passed the exam easily而要是没有你的帮助则用without your help12Granny took one look at us _ her glassesA by B through C on D in答案B.析 through 为穿过。13We had our breakfast _ a quarter _ sevenA /, to Bin, to C at, to D on, to答案C.析具体时间点前用

41、at，而差几分几点用 to，这里应译为：我在差一刻七点吃的早饭。14I learn French _ the radio every dayA on B in C from D at答案A.析从收音机中听到某事应用词组on the radio。15Its good manners to wait _ lineA in B on C at D with答案A.析in line 为排队。16How many English words had you learnt _ last termAby the end of Bat the end ofCto the end of Dtill the en

42、d of答案A.析by the end of 为动作的截止时间，与完成时态相配合17The manager was very satisfied _ his workA in B on C about D with答案D.析 be satisfied with 为固定搭配。18John hit Jack _ faceA on the B in the C on his D in his答案B.析英文中的某些动词其后要接人，然后加介词+ the +身体部位，女口： He caught the boyby the arm。19I was born _ the night _ September 1

43、5,1978A in, on B at, on C at, in D on, of答案D.析 在时间前加介词时应以最小的时间单位为准。20Its a bad manner to laugh _ people when they are _ troubleA over, in B at, in C in, at D at, for答案B.析laugh at 嘲笑某人，laugh over 笑着谈论某人或某事，in trouble 陷入困境。211 cant do this work wellToms help fromAun der Bfor Cwithout D答案C.22Do nt shou

44、tthe old woman。You should be more politeherAto , at Bat,to Cin,for Dfrom , for答案B.析 shout at 为”冲某人喊叫”，而 be polite to somebody 为”对某人和气。”23We must be strict _ our selves _ everythingA with , in B in, with C with , to D to, of答案A.析 be strict with 对某人严格要求。24He went to the football match _ lunch last Sun

45、 dayA to B without C behi nd D betwee n答案B.析without lunch 未吃午饭。25The peoples Republic of China was founded _ 1949A with B on C si nee D in答案D.析 在年代前用 in。因句子是过去时而不是完成时，所以不能用sinceo26Mr Black got to Hangzhou _ a few daysA in B after C on D at答案B.析 这句话应译为：几天之后 Mr Black 到达了杭州。而不是在几天之内 某事，所以选 Bo27- Has the teacher