初中英语宾语从句专项练习

1、宾语从句基本讲解与练习宾语从句小口诀宾语从句三注意，时态语序引导词；主句一般现在时，从句不需受限制；主句一般过去时，从句须用相应时；陈述句转化 that 弓I，一般疑问句用 if/whether,特殊问句疑问词，弓 I 导词后陈述式。一、概念在句子中起到宾语作用的从句叫做宾语从句。二、连接词1. 陈述句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用that (在非正式场合 that 可以省略)。that 在从句中不充当任何成分，也没有实在意思，只起到连接作用。No one told Jack (that) there would be a class meeti ng the next day.没有人告诉杰克第二

2、天有班 会。Little Tom was afraid (that) he couldn t pa 小汤姆担 xam 这次考试不及格。【拓展 1】可跟 that 从句做宾语的动词有：say, think, wish, hope, imagine, wonder, know, believe,agree, expla in, feel, suggest, hear, mea n, no tic 等。【拓展 2】当主句谓语动词是 think, believe, suppose, expect 等词，而宾语从句的意思是否定 时，常把否定转移至主句表示。I don t think (that) he

3、can give a speech at the meeting 我认为他不会在会上发言的。【拓展 3】 在 think, believe, imagine, suppose, guess, hope 等动词以及 I m afrai 等后，可用 so代替一个肯定的宾语从句，用 not 代替一个否定的宾语从句。eg: - Do you believe he will come 你相信他会来吗-I believe so.我相信会。-I don t believe s 或(believe not.) 我相信不会。2. 以 whether 或 if 引导的宾语从句，主要用来引导一般疑问句意思或选择疑问

4、句意思的宾语从 句，从句是陈述句语序。whether 或 if 在从句中不充当任何成分，意为“是否”。eg: “ May I use your knifeHe asked me. He asked me if he might use my knife.【注意 1】从句的主语如果是第一人称，变为宾语从句则与主句的主语一致；如果是第二人 称，则与主句的宾语一致；如果是第三人称，不用变化。eg: “ Do you know her teleph one nu mberHe asked me.f He asked me whether I know her teleph one nu mber.【注

5、意 2】：一般情况下，whether 和 if 可以互用，但有些情况例外。1当从句做介词的宾于是只用 whether 不用 if。eg: We are talking about whether well go on the picnic. 我们在讨论是否去野餐。2引导词与动词不定式或 ornot 连用时，只用 whether。eg: Please let me know whether to do next step. 请让我知道是否开展下一步行动。Could you tell me whether you go or not 能告诉我你是否去吗3.特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，引导词用特殊疑

6、问词what, which, who, whom, whose,when, where, why, how。弓 I 导词后要用陈述句语序。疑问词在从句中充当相应的主语、宾语、 表语、定语、状语成分，且有自己的意义。eg: Who will give us a talk I dont know.fI dont know who will give us a talk.【注意 1】特殊疑问句变为宾语从句后，句末用问号还是用句号完全取决于主句的句式：如 主句为陈述句、祈使句，句末就用句号；如主句是疑问句，句末就用问号。eg: Do you know Where does he livefDo you

7、 know where he livesWhich subject do you like best He asked me.fHe askedme which subject I liked best.【温馨提示 1】疑问句中主语之前的助动词若是do / does / did，变为宾语从句时，要先将其去掉，谓语动词再根据时态作相应的变化。eg: Why did you come to the party late yesterday Can you tell mefCan you tell me why you came to the party lateyesterday【温馨提示 2】特

8、殊疑问词在句中作主语，变为宾语从句时语序不变（时态应作相应变化）。eg: Who can an swer the questio n The teacher asked.fTheteacher asked who could an swer the questi on. 老师问谁能回答这个问题。【温馨提示 3】特殊疑问句在宾语从句中，要是主从句人称一致，一般可将宾语从句复合句 改为简单句。eg: I won der how I can send an e-mail to you.fI won der how to send an e-mail to you.我想知道如何给你发个电子邮件。【特殊

9、情况】：当 do you think 后接特殊疑问句转化成宾语从句时，句式结构应为“引导词+ do youthink +陈述句语序”。eg: What do you think he is going to do next 你认为他下一步打算做什么三、宾语从句的时态1. 主句是一般现在时或一般将来时，从句不受主句的限制，根据自身的实际情况需要使用相 应的时态。eg: The worker says （that） he works from Monday to Friday. 那名工人说他从周一至周五上 班。（从句是一般现在时）Joh n says （that） he will leave a

10、message on his desk 勺翰说要在他桌子上留个便条。（从句是一般将来时）They will tell you （that） they are living / lived / will live / have lived in Shanghai. 他们会告 诉你他们正住在上海 / 在上海住过 / 将住在上海 / 一直住在上海。（从句是现在进行时 /一般过去时 /一般将来时 /现在完成时 ）2. 主句是一般过去时，从句须用过去时态的某种形式。eg: He told me that he didn t go to the library yeste 他告诉我他昨天没去图书馆。（从句

11、是一般过去时）He said （that） he was playing football at that time. 他说他那时在踢足球。 （从句是过去 进行时）He said （that） he would post the letter. 他说他将要寄这封信。（从句是过去将来时 ）They asked me whether I had been there before. 他们问我以前去没去过那里。（从句是过去完成时 ）【注意 1】如果从句有具体的过去时间状语，尽管从句动作发生在主句动作之前，有时仍用 一般过去时。eg: She told me her brother died in 1

12、960. 她告诉我她哥哥 1960 年去世的。They said they checked everything yesterday. 他们说昨天他们全部检查过了。【注意 2】当主句是一般过去时，而宾语从句表示的是一个客观真理、自然现象、科学原理 或格言时，从句仍使用一般现在时态。eg: The teacher told us （that） nothing is difficult if we put our hearts into it. 老师告诉我们世上 无难事 ,只怕有心人。四、随堂巩固练习1. Have you decided _ for AustraliaA. when will y

13、ou leaveB. when do you leaveA. the tape wasB. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tapeC. you will leave whenD. when you will leave2. Can you tell me _A. where does Tom live B. where Tom lived C. Tom lives where D. where Tom lives3. The old man asked me _ .A. where was the cinemaB. where is the cin

14、emaC. where the cinema wasD. where was the way to the cinema4. I think _ you will like him.A. that B. if C. why D. how5. I didn t know _ he will come or not.A. that B. whether C. weather D. how6. I wonder _ .A. how much cost these shoes B. how much do these shoes costC. how much these shoes cost D.

15、how much are these shoes cost7. She asked me _ .A. who he was B. who was heC. who is heD. who he is8. Ask him _.A. whose cup this is B. whose cup is thisC. this is whose cup D. whose is this cup9. I don t know _ .A. what time the movie starts B. what time starts the movieC. the time to start the mov

16、ie D. the movie what time starts10. The doctor asked me how long _I been ill C. I have been ill D. I had been ill11. The weather forecast doesn A. if it rains tomorrow C. if it will rain tomorrow12. Do you know _A. whose pen is thisC. whom does the pen belong toA. was I ill t say _.B. if does it rai

17、n tomorrowD. if will it rain tomorrowB. whose pen this isD. whom the pen belong toA. the tape wasB. was the tape C. the tape is D. is the tape13. Could you tell me where _C. which station can I get toD. how I can get to the station14. They want to know _A. where is the hospitalB. how old are youC. w

18、hen the train will leaveD. why is the boy crying15. Tony wanted to know _ .A. what had Father Christmas put in his stockingB. when Father Christmas had put in his stockingFather Christmas had put in his stockingFather Christmas had put in his stocking16. No one knows _ the professor will come to our

19、 school tomorrow to give us a talk or not.A. whenB. whether C. where D. if17. July didn t know_ .A. where is Tim s fatherB. when was the first watch madeC. who the old man is D. what was wrong with her watch18. No one told us _, so we need your help.A. how should we do B. what we should do C. what t

20、o do D. what should we do19. We don t know _ with the rubbish and it pollutes out land and sea.A. how do itB. how to do C. what do itD. what to do20. He asked me _ .A. whether I find out the sender of the moneyB. whether did I find out the sender of the moneyC. whether the sender of the money found

21、outD. whether I found out the sender of the money21. Did you hear _A. what did I sayB. what I said C. I said whatD. what I say22. Can you tell me _A. which class you are inB. which class are you inC. you are in which classD. are you in which class23. - Excuse me. Could you tell me _- Certainly.A. wh

22、en can I get to the station B. I can get to which station24. Could you tell me where _ yesterdayA. did you go B. you go C. you have gone D. you went25. Tom asked me _.A. whose shirt was thisB. whose shirt this wasC. who shirt was thisD. who shirt this was26. Excuse me, could you tell me _A. where s

23、the teacherfsfice oB. where s the bus stationC. what s she doingD. where the post office is27. I want to see Mrs. Wang , but I don t know _ .A. she lives where B. she where lives C. where she lives D. where does she live28. - Go and ask Mr. White for help.- But I don t know _.A. where does he liveB.

24、 where he livesC. where is he livingD. he lives there29. - Can you tell me _- Yes, he lives in a small town.A. where he livesB. who is singingC. when he will leaveD. what he said30. Have you decided _ for LondonA. when will you leaveB. when you will leaveC. when are you going D. when you are going31

25、. Excuse me. Could you tell me _ our ticketsA. where do we showB. where shall we showC. where did we showD. where we shall show32. - What are you interested in about cooking food- We are all interested in _ .A. how egg is friedB. how is egg friedC. How egg fries D. how does egg fry33. Do you know _C. which station can I get toD. how I