高中英语必修5unit1greatscientists课件doc资料

1、高中英语必修5Unit1Greatscientists课件Who is he?Who is he?He has made a famous kite experiment.He learned a lot from it and invented lightning rod (避雷针避雷针).).He is Benjamin FranklinNever leave that until tomorrow, which you can do today.今日事今日事, ,今日毕。今日毕。Who is he?Who is he?He is called the greatest scientist

2、 in the 20th century.He is famous for the Theory of Relativity.He is Albert EinsteinImagination is more important than knowledgeimaginativeWho is he?Who is he?He made the first telescope in the world.His observations show that the earth movesaround the sun.He is Galileo GalileiYou cannot teach a man

3、 anything. You can only help him find it within himself.你不可能把一切都教给一个人你不可能把一切都教给一个人, ,你只能帮助你只能帮助他从内心去发现他从内心去发现( (和了解和了解) )事物。事物。What do you know about great scientists? Try this quiz and find out who knows the most.1.Which scientist discovered that objects in water are lifted up by a force that helps

4、 them float?Archimedes(287-212 BC) an ancient Greek mathematician & physicist2. Who wrote a book explaining how animals and plants developed as the environment changed?Charles Darwin (1808-1882) British author of The Origin of Species 3. Who invented the first steam engine?Thomas Newcomen4.Who used

5、peas to show how physical characteristics are passed from parents to their children?Gregor Mendel (1822-1884) Czech (捷克人捷克人)Marie CurieNothing in life is to be feared. It is only to beunderstood.生活中没有什么可怕的东西生活中没有什么可怕的东西, ,只有需要理解的东西。只有需要理解的东西。5. Who discovered radium?The power of radiumThomas Alva Ed

6、isonGenius is one percent inspiration and ninety-nine percent perspiration.天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上天才就是百分之九十九的汗水加上百分之一的灵感。百分之一的灵感。6. Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?The Inventions of Thomas Edison Phonograph (留声机留声机)Lightbulb(电灯泡电灯泡)Motion Pictures(电影电影)7.Who was the p

7、ainter that studied dead bodies to improve his painting of people? Leonardo da Vinci (1452-1519) Italian artistLast SupperMona Lisa8.Who invented a lamp to keep miners safe underground?Sir Humphry Davy (1778-1829)BritishMiniature(小型的小型的) Miners Safety Lamp the Safety Lamp 9.Who invented the earliest

8、 instrument to tell people where earthquakes happened?Zhang Hengseismograph10.Who put forward a theory about black hole?Stephen Hawking(1942-)BritishA Brief History of Timemade a great contribution.made great achievements.succeeded in their scientific career.overcome many difficulties. common charac

9、teristicscautiouspersuasivestrictpositiveCo-operativecreativebrightenthusiastic遗传学遗传学电电浮力定理浮力定理镭镭进化论进化论画家画家蒸汽机蒸汽机矿工安全矿工安全灯灯黑洞理论黑洞理论地动仪地动仪阿基米德阿基米德 Archimedes达尔文达尔文 Charles Darwin纽可门纽可门 Thomas Newcomen孟德尔孟德尔 Gregor Mendel居里夫人居里夫人 Marie Curie爱迪生爱迪生 Thomas Edison达芬奇达芬奇 Leonardo de Vinci汉弗来汉弗来.戴维戴维爵士爵士Si

10、r Humphry Davy张衡张衡 Zhang Heng斯蒂芬斯蒂芬.霍金霍金 Stephen HawkingMatch the names and what they famous for.1. discover & inventinvent v. 发明发明, 发明原先不存在的东西发明原先不存在的东西Who invented the steam engine? 谁发明了蒸汽机谁发明了蒸汽机?discover v. 发现发现, 探索或揭示早就客观探索或揭示早就客观存在着事物存在着事物Columbus discovered America in 1492.哥伦布于哥伦布于1492年发现了美洲。

11、年发现了美洲。Who discovered radium? 谁发现了镭谁发现了镭?Language Points 2. explain explain sb. sth.explain sth. to sb. 3. characteristic n./adj.Some genetic characteristics are not obvious.The two groups of children have quite different characteristics.Forgetfulness is often characteristic of aged people.(T)(F)特有的

12、特有的,典型的典型的1)The tradition is _ their ancestors.2) This spirit should be passed _ from generation to generation.3) Pass the letter _ to the person next to you .4) So many people pass _ and never notice the change.passed fromdownonby 4. pass sth from 从从处传来处传来, 传下传下 pass by 路过路过, 经过经过 pass down 把把传下来传下

13、来 pass on 传递传递, 传授传授5.Who invented the way of giving electricity to everybody in large cities?是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法是谁发明了把电带给大城市中的每个人的办法?the way of doing sth.= the way to do “做做.的方法的方法”She showed us the way of cleaning it.= She showed us the way to clean it.她给我们示范清洗它的办法她给我们示范清洗它的办法.the way引导的定语从句的引导词有

14、三种引导的定语从句的引导词有三种, 可以用可以用that; 可以用可以用in which; 还可以省略还可以省略.I dont like the way _ you speak to your father.我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式我不喜欢你跟你父亲讲话的方式. 与与way相关的短语相关的短语:by the wayby way of lose ones wayno wayfeel ones wayon ones way toin this way=by this means=with this method(that/ in which)用这种方法用这种方法顺便说顺便说通过通过的方法的方法

15、迷路迷路(俚语俚语)没门没门, 别想别想摸黑走摸黑走, 谨慎从事谨慎从事在去在去的路上的路上6.Who put forward a theory about black holes?谁提出了黑洞的理论谁提出了黑洞的理论?put forward(1) 提出提出(建议等建议等)(2) 推荐某人或自己任职位推荐某人或自己任职位; 提名提名我能否提名你当我们的班长我能否提名你当我们的班长?May I put your name forward as our monitor?The match has been put forward to 1:30.比赛已经提前到一点半举行。比赛已经提前到一点半举行。

16、他在会议上提出了一个计划。他在会议上提出了一个计划。 He put forward a plan at the meeting.他们把婚礼的日期提前了一周。他们把婚礼的日期提前了一周。They put forward the date of their wedding by one week.我们将把讲座的日期提前我们将把讲座的日期提前/延期到延期到9月月9号。号。Well put forward/put off the date of the lecture to September 9th. Their wedding has been called off(取消取消).put away

17、抛弃抛弃;舍弃舍弃 put down 写下来写下来; 记入名单记入名单put on 穿上穿上; 戴上戴上; 增加增加 put off 耽误耽误; 延期延期put out 熄灭熄灭(灯灯); 扑灭扑灭 (火火) put up 建立建立; 建造建造put up with 忍受忍受 You can take anything from the shelf and read, but please _ the books when youve finished with them. put on B. put down C. put back D. put offC Unit 1 Great scie

18、ntistsReading高二人教新课标版必修五高二人教新课标版必修五Pre-reading 1.What impresses you most in 2003?Which person impresses you most during the SARS?What other infectious diseases do you know?For example: When you eat some food that is not freshYou may feelMaybe you have got _.Choleradraw a conclusionthink of a methodc

19、ollect resultsmake a questionfind a problemanalyse the resultsfind supporting evidencefind a problemmake a questionthink of a methodcollect resultsanalyse the resultsdraw a conclusionHow to prove a new idea in scientific research?find supporting evidenceJohn Snow defeats “King cholera”John Snow defe

20、ats “king cholera”What can you learn from the title?人物：人物：事件：事件：defeats cholera Who is John Snow?What happened to them? attended her as her personal physicianQueen VictoriaJohn Snow 约翰约翰.斯诺斯诺(1813 1858), 英国麻醉学家、英国麻醉学家、流行病专家。他首次提出了流行病专家。他首次提出了预防霍乱的措施。预防霍乱的措施。1854年年, 伦敦霍乱流行伦敦霍乱流行, 斯诺通过研究斯诺通过研究霍乱病死者的日常

21、生活情况霍乱病死者的日常生活情况, 寻找到他们的共同行为模式寻找到他们的共同行为模式,发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的发现了霍乱与饮用不洁水的关系关系, 由于及时切断了二者由于及时切断了二者的联系的联系, 有效制止了霍乱的有效制止了霍乱的流行。流行。Four outbreaks of cholera in the 1830s and 1840s killed many people in England. In 1854, “the most terrible outbreak of cholera which ever occurred in the kingdom” began. It was s

22、o violent and sudden that 127 people died in the first three days.The terrible choleraBacteria / germs of cholera Name of illness Symptom(症状症状) Aftereffect(后果后果)What was the cause of this illness? How did John Snow find it out?Skim the text and find the main idea of the text. The passage is mainly a

23、bout: _ How John Snow found the cause of the cholera and defeated it. Fastreading:Read the passage quickly and find the number below and the relevant happenings in the passage.Two theoriesIn 1854500 , 10The first suggested thatmultiplied in the air; The second suggestedabsorbed this disease into the

24、ir bodies with their meals.Another outbreak hit London.More than 500 people had died in 10 days.16, 37, 38 and 4020, 21; 8, 97These numbers in Broad Street near the water pump had many of the deaths20 and 21 Broad Street and 8 and 9 Cambridge Street had no deaths.They didnt drink the water from the

25、Broad Street pump.These families worked in the pub at 7 Cambridge Street.16372089pump3840BROAD STREETCAMBRIDGE STREET21John Snows Cholera Map7PubWhat is the problem?The cholera was the most deadly disease of its day. Neither its cause, nor its cure was understood.What caused cholera?Make a question:

26、 Which theory to believe in? Cholera multiplied in the air without reason. A cloud of dangerous gas would float around until it found its victims.People absorbed it with their meals.Which one do you believe more?What about John Snow?A map of Broad StreetWhat method did he use?Broad StreetMany deaths

27、 happened here.No death happened here.It seemed the water from the pump was to blame. What did he do next?Public house(Para 6) What was another supporting evidence?(Para 5) He looked into the source of the waterJohn Snow was able to announce with certainty that polluted water carried the virus.Read

28、the passage and number these events in the order that they happened.John Snow began to test two theories.An outbreak of cholera hit London in 1854.He announced that the water carried the disease.John Snow marked the deaths on a map. 2147Carefulreading:King Cholera was defeated.He found that most of

29、the deaths were near a water pump.He had the handle removed from the water pump.John Snow investigated two streets where the outbreak was very severe.3856Para-graphStages in an experimentExample in this investigation1Find a problem2Make a question3Think of a methodWhat cause cholera?Which theory is

30、correct?Collect data on those who were ill or died and where they got their water.Fill in the blanks. 4Collect results5Analyse results6find supporting evidence7Draw a conclusionPlot information on a map to find out where people died or did not die.Analyse the water to see if that is the cause of the

31、 illness.Find other evidence to support the analysis.The water is to blame. The source of all drinking water should be examined so that it is safe.draw a conclusionfind a problemmake a questionthink of a methodcollect resultsanalyse the resultsrepeat if necessaryMatch themPara 1Para 2Para 3Para 4Par

32、a 5Para 6Para 7Prevention of Cholera1. John Snow believed Idea 2 was right. How did he finally prove it?KEY: John Snow finally proved his idea because he found an outbreak that was clearly related to cholera, collected information and was able to tie cases outside the area to the polluted water.Read

33、 and answer the questions.2. Do you think John Snow would have solved this problem without the map? Give a reason.KEY: No. The map helped John Snow organize his ideas. He was able to identify those households that had many deaths and check their water-drinking habits. He identified those houses that

34、 had no deaths and surveyed their drinking habits. The evidence clearly pointed to the polluted water being the cause.3. Cholera was a 19th century disease. What disease do you think is similar to cholera today?KEY: Four diseases, which are similar today, are SARS, AIDS, TB(肺结核肺结核) and bird-flu, bec

35、ause they are both very serious, have an unknown cause and need public health care to solve them.1. The passage mainly tells us that _. the cause of cholera was polluted water B. John Snow was a well-known doctor in LondonC. the source of all drinking water should be examinedD. John Snow did some re

36、search and helped to solve “King Cholera”Choose the best answer. D 2. What was the key help for John Snows discovery?A. The government. B. The woman moving away from Broad Street.C. The water company.D. The map made by himself.D John Snow was a well-known _ in London in the _ century. He wanted to f

37、ind the _ of cholera in order to _ it. In 1854 when a cholera _ out, he began to gather information.doctor19thcausedefeatbrokeHe _ on a map where all the dead people had lived and he found that many people who had drunk the dirty water from the _ died. So he decided that the polluted water carried c

38、holera. He suggested that the _ of all water supply be _ and new methods of _ with polluted water be found. Finally, “King Cholera” was defeated.markedpumpsourceexamineddealingWhat should we pay attention to in our daily life in order not to get infected with cholera? Heal the food left overnightCoo

39、k raw food thoroughlyWash hands oftenKeep away from flieschoose fresh sea foodKeep the kitchen cleanDispose rubbish properly.Drink boiled waterDiscussion1. know about 了解有关了解有关.的情况的情况know of 听说过听说过1)有些事我想了解一下。有些事我想了解一下。There is something I want to know about.2)我听说过那件事我听说过那件事, 但不很清楚。但不很清楚。I know of it

40、 , but I didnt know it well.Language points2. conclude: v. 作结论作结论, 断定断定 The jury concluded that he was guilty. 陪审团认定他有罪。陪审团认定他有罪。 to conclude: 总而言之总而言之, 总之总之 To conclude, I want to thank you for your help. conclusion: n. 结论结论得出结论得出结论arrive atdraw/reach come toa conclusion1) 那些都是事实那些都是事实, 你能从中得出什么结论你

41、能从中得出什么结论?Those are the facts; what do you conclude from them?2) 我得出结论你在说谎。我得出结论你在说谎。I came to/drew /reached the conclusion the conclusion that you were lying.3)根据这些事实根据这些事实, 我们能对金字塔是如何我们能对金字塔是如何建成的得出一些结论。建成的得出一些结论。From these facts, we can draw some conclusions about how the pyramids were built.3. d

42、efeat v./ n.He defeated the champion in three sets.His words completely defeated me.The Party faces defeat in the election.击败击败, 战胜战胜使困惑使困惑win / beat /defeat win “赢得赢得, 获胜获胜”, 后接奖品后接奖品, 奖金奖金, 名誉名誉, 财产财产beat “击败击败, 战胜战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者对手后接竞争队伍或者对手, 敌人敌人defeat “击败，战胜击败，战胜”, 后接竞争队伍或者后接竞争队伍或者对手对手, 敌人敌人, (此用法

43、同此用法同beat), 疾病等。疾病等。1) Mary _ the first place in the competition.2) Our school _ their school at football.3) I _ John at chess yesterday.wonbeat / defeatedbeat / defeated4. John Snow was a famous doctor in London-so expert, indeed, that be attended Queen Victoria as her personal physician.约翰约翰. .斯诺曾

44、经是一位著名的医生斯诺曾经是一位著名的医生-他的确他的确医术精湛医术精湛, ,因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。因而成了维多利亚女王的私人大夫。1) expert n. 专家专家; 高手高手; 权威权威an agricultural expert 农业专家农业专家an expert with the computer 电脑高手电脑高手expert 也可以作形容词也可以作形容词, “熟练的熟练的; 老练的老练的;经验经验(或知识或知识)丰富的丰富的”an expert rider 熟练的骑手熟练的骑手 an expert opinion 内行的意见内行的意见照看照看, 照料照料 如如:医生照看病人

45、。医生照看病人。The doctor attended (on / upon) the patients.出席出席, 到场到场 如如:attend school 上学上学attend a lecture 听讲座听讲座attend church 去教堂去教堂attend (at) a wedding 出席婚礼出席婚礼2) attend v.注意注意, 留意留意 如如:Well attend to the solution of that problem later. attend to 处理处理, 办理办理 我有许多事情要处理。我有许多事情要处理。 照顾照顾, 照料照料先生先生, 有人接待你吗？

46、有人接待你吗？Are you being attended to ?If you go out, Ill attend to the baby. 专心专心, 注意注意If you dont attend to the teacher, youll never learn anything.attendance n. 照顾照顾, 出席出席I have some important things to attend to.5. But he became inspired when he thought about helping ordinary people exposed to choler

47、a.exposed to cholera 在句子中是过去分词用作后在句子中是过去分词用作后置定语置定语, 表示被动表示被动, 意为意为 “患霍乱的患霍乱的”。如。如:The book written by LuXun is very popular. 鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。鲁迅写的书是很受欢迎的。昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生。昨天我们看见的那个人是史密斯先生。The man seen by us yesterday is Professor Smith.发散思维：发散思维：exposed adj. 暴露的暴露的, 暴露于风雨中的暴露于风雨中的, 无掩蔽的无掩蔽的exposedness n

48、. 暴露暴露, 显露显露开放思维开放思维: expose to 使易受使易受, 使受使受 expose sth to the light of day把某事暴露于光天化日之下把某事暴露于光天化日之下expose a fraud 揭穿骗局揭穿骗局1) Miles of sand are exposed at low tide.2) The people of some Asian countries were exposed to the tsunami in 2004.3) He exposed the crime to the police.4) He exposed the plan to

49、 the newspsper.to uncoverto make sufferto make known 5) The wolf opened its mouth to _ a row of sharp teeth.6) Dont _ your skin to the sun; your skin will be hurt.exposeexpose6.This was the deadly disease of its day.die (v.) dead (adj.) death (n.) deadly adj. (1)dangerous; likely to cause death 危险的危

50、险的; 致命的致命的 a deadly disease / weapon (2)highly effective against sth. or someone 强有力的强有力的; 致命的致命的 a deadly remark 击中要害的评论击中要害的评论(3) aiming to kill or destroy意在杀死的意在杀死的; 不共戴天的不共戴天的: a deadly enemy 不共戴天的敌人不共戴天的敌人deadly adv. (1)very 极度极度; 非常非常; 十分十分 deadly serious 十分认真十分认真 (2)like death 死一般地死一般地 deadly

51、 pale 死一般苍白死一般苍白7. So many thousands of terrified people died every time there was an outbreak.every time 在这里是连词在这里是连词, 引导时间状语引导时间状语从句从句, 意为意为“每次每次, 每当每当”。e.g. Every time I meet him, I always think of the things happened between us.每次见到他每次见到他, 我就想起发生在我们之间的我就想起发生在我们之间的事情。事情。注意注意: immediately, the mom

52、ent, directly, instantly 等与等与 every time一样一样, 都可以都可以用作连词引导时间状语从句用作连词引导时间状语从句, 意为意为 “一一.就就”。如：。如：I will give the letter to him immediately I see him.我一见到他就把这封信给他。我一见到他就把这封信给他。I came directly I got your letter.我一接到你的信就来了。我一接到你的信就来了。8. The second suggested that people absorbed this disease into their b

53、odies with their meals .o 吸收吸收 如：如：e.g. The big company has gradually absorbed these small companies into its own organization. 这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。这家大公司逐渐将这些小的公司吞并了。absorb v. (1) 吸收吸收(液体液体)Water absorbs oxygen.(2) The clever boy absorbed all the knowledge his teacher could give him.(3) The

54、book absorbed his attention.(4) The surrounding small towns have been absorbed into the city.理解理解, 接受接受吸引吸引(注意力注意力, 兴趣等兴趣等)使并入使并入, 吞并吞并be absorbed in 被被吸引吸引; 专心于专心于; 全神贯注于某事全神贯注于某事 如如:He is absorbed in his book.The little girl was absorbed in reading a tale. suggest 经常有经常有“建议建议”的意思的意思, 但在这个句子但在这个句子里

55、的意思是里的意思是“暗示间接表明暗示间接表明”。如：。如：The disorganized meeting suggested bad preparation.混乱的会场表明准备工作很差。混乱的会场表明准备工作很差。suggest 还有还有 “建议建议”的意思的意思, 在后文中有体现在后文中有体现:“To prevent this from happening again, John Snow suggested that the source of all the water supplies be examined.” 为防止这种情况再度为防止这种情况再度发生发生, I suggested

56、 that he should give up smoking.我建议他戒烟。我建议他戒烟。The chairman suggested the meeting be put off until next week. 主席建议会议延迟到下周举行。主席建议会议延迟到下周举行。suggest 后面还可以接后面还可以接-ing形式或名词。如：形式或名词。如：She suggested a picnic at the weekend.她提议周末去野餐。她提议周末去野餐。Kane suggested leaving early for the airport. 凯恩提议早些发去机场。凯恩提议早些发去机场

57、。他发现在两条街道上霍乱流行的特别厉害他发现在两条街道上霍乱流行的特别厉害,在十天之内就死去了五百多人。在十天之内就死去了五百多人。9. In two particular streets, the cholera outbreak was so severe that more than 500 people had died in 10 days.severe adj. (1)unsparing or harsh, as in treatment of others; strict 严厉的严厉的; 苛刻的苛刻的; 严格的严格的. 如如:The severe trainer has gone

58、 abroad. You can breathe freely again.(2)causing sharp discomfort or distress; extremely violent or intense; very serious. 剧痛的剧痛的, 剧烈的剧烈的, 严重的严重的, 难熬的难熬的 如如:a severe attack of toothache.要求苛严的教官已经出国要求苛严的教官已经出国, 你可以完全放心。你可以完全放心。牙痛的剧烈发作。牙痛的剧烈发作。这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因这张地图提供了一条说明霍乱起因的很有价值的线索。的很有价值的线索。10. This g

59、ave him a valuable clue about the cause of the disease.valuable(1) adj. worth of a lot of money 值钱的值钱的, 贵重的贵重的 如：如：The watch is valuable. 这表很值钱。这表很值钱。a valuable diamond. 贵重的钻石。贵重的钻石。(2) adj. having great usefulness or value 如如:valuable information(3)n. (常用复数形式常用复数形式)sth that worth a lot of money 如如:

60、Cathy kept her valuables in a safe.重大的消息重大的消息凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里。凯西把她的贵重物品藏在保险箱里。泵泵 (油泵油泵; 气泵气泵), 抽水机抽水机, 打气筒打气筒11. pump12. It seemed that the water was to blame. 看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。看来霍乱的流行要归罪于饮水了。be+动词不定式动词不定式, 可以表示该做或不该做的可以表示该做或不该做的事情事情, 相当于相当于must, should, ought to 等。等。 如：如：No one is to leave this buildi