It的用法初中版

1、It 的用法知识网络“ it ”在中学英语中出现频率高，用法复杂，学生不易掌握，但把它从下面几个方面归纳之后，学起来就比较容易了。 。一、指代人或事（物）1 .一般情况下，it 指代人以外的事物，指代上文提到过的单数名词，译为“它” 。如： Where is the eraser?Have you seen it?What s this?It is a car.2 .有时也可指心目中不太清楚的那个人；指代child ， baby 等性别不太清楚的名词；指代 someone和somebody等代表人的不行代词。如： Who is that man at the door?It is the po

2、stman.The woman will have a baby next month.She hopes it will be a boy.Someone is knocking at the door.Who is it?3 .指上、下文提到的事情。如：It will be a pity if you don 't pass the exam.（附旨 if 从句所提到的事）Mary is often late for school.It makes her teacher angry.（it 指上文提到的玛丽上学经常迟到这件事）4 .指时间、天气、气候、距离等，“ it ”通常不译

3、出来。如： It is half past eight,and it is time for class.It looks like snow.It is warm in spring.It is five minute s walk from the school to the bus stop.二、用作形式主语， 代替不定式、 动名词或主语从句等真正主语。 真正的主语后 置。如： It is impossible to do morning exercise.=To do morning exercise is important.It is no use/good talking abo

4、ut it with her.=Talking about it with her is no use/good.It is impossible that we can finish the work in a short time.=That we can finish the work in a short time is impossible.三、用作形式宾语， 代替不定式、 动名词或宾语从句等真正宾语。 真正的宾语后 置。如： He found it difficult to learn English well.=He found to learn English well dif

5、ficult.I consider it good using the computer.=I consider using the computer good.We feel it strange that nobody wants to go there.=We feel that nobody wants to go there strange.注意：能用这种结构作宾语的动词常见的有： think,consider,find,feel,make四、用在特殊句型中。如： It seems/appears that he has known the result of the exam.看起

6、来/ 似乎他已经指导了考试的结果。It happened that he wasnt there that day.碰巧他那天不在那里。五、it与one和that的区别。One表示泛指，it和that表示特指；it与所指的名词为同一个，that与所指的 名词为同一类，但不是同一个。如：I can't find my pen,I want to buy one.（S指）I can't find my pen,I don't know who took it away.（同个）The pen you bought is better than that I bought 随

7、一类）注意：that可用the one来代替。范例解密()1.I don t like June in Wuhan.is too hot in June.A.ThisB.ThatC.ItD.One()2.He put umbrella behind the door,but isnt there now.A.thatB.itC.oneD.this()3. Would you like some apples? Yes,bing me .A.thatB.oneC.itD.this()4. Would you like some tea? Yes,I d like .A.thatB.oneC.it

8、D.this( )5.The price of a watch is higher than of a pen.A.oneB.thisC.thatD.it()6.Is necessary to take off our shoes when we enter the lab?A.everyoneB.thisC.thatD.it()7.I don t think possible to learn a foreign language well without hardwork.A.thisB.thatC.itsD.it( )8.Does matter if he can t finish th

9、e job on time?A.thisB.thatC.heD.it()9.Tom s mother kept telling that he should work harder,but didnt help.A.heB.whichC.sheD.it()10.I hope there are enough glasses for each visitor to have A.itB.thoseC.themD.one点击思路1 .答案为C.此时it指天气。2 .答案为B.it 是指前面提到的同一把伞。3 .答案为B.one在此表泛指。4 .答案为A.tea是不可数名词，one指代可数名词的单数

10、，故选that。5 .答案为C.只有that能跟后面的定语。6 .答案为D.it 作形式主语，to 引导的不定式是真正的主语。7 .答案为D.it 作形式宾语，to learn 是真正的宾语。8 .答案为D.学生非常熟悉it doesn't matter这一句型。这题是疑问句，it是matter 的主语，指代后面 it 句子所说的事。9 .答案为D.it 指代前一句所说的事。10.答案为D.one指代one of the glasses该句意思是：我希望有足够的玻璃杯使每位参观者有一个。模例拷贝题一、选择填空()1. This is my biology book.cover is a

11、lready missing.A.ThatB.OneC.ItsD.It()2.It won t me much time to correct the paper.A.spendB.takeC.useD.pay()3.is impossible for us to keep the pet a long time.A.That,suchB.This,forC.All,/D.It,such()4.is clear that fish can t live water.A.That,without B.This,withC.It,withoutD.That,with( )5.The populat

12、ion of Beijing is the same as of Shanghai.A.oneB.thisC.thatD.it()6.He always helps others.is why we like him.A.thisB.thatC.itD.man()7.Is possible to fly to the moon in a spaceship?A.thisB.thatC.itD.man()8. Do you want the teacup? Yes,I want .A.oneB.itC.eitherD.that)9. Will you go home tomorrow eveni

13、ng? No,I m going to a lecture,or at least,Im planingA.soB.toC.itD.that()10.Is necessary to finish the design before Christmas?A.thatB.itC.thisD.he()11.unlikely that we shall get there in time.A.That appears B.It appearsC.That s appearedD.It s appeared()12.It was a surprise that I was invited to the

14、party.A.to tellB.being toldC.to be toldD.that be told()13.The nights in winter are longer than in summer.A.thatB.oneC.thoseD.onesB.It isn t much useD.That isn t much use”“C.That sme,Tom. ”D.This is()14.going on with the work.A.It doesn t seem much use C.That is useless()15.“Who is knocking at the do

15、or?A.I mB.It s()16.I think good for you to do so.A.that isB.it sC.thatD.this( )17.This is an important matter.I need at least a day or two .A. Of thinking over itB.to think it overC.of thinking it overD.to think over it()18.The bird builds nest in the tree.A.herB.it sC.itsD.hers()19.took me three ye

16、ars to finish writing this book.A.ThatB.ThisC.ItD.What()20.His camera is more expensive than .A.hersB.herC.itD.its()21.is real that English is widely used all over the world.A.ThereB.ThisC.ThatD.It()22.I hate when people talk with their months full.A.itB.thatC.theseD.this()23.Why don' t we take

17、a little break?Didn't we just have?A.itB.thatC.oneD.this()24.-Dad,I've just seen only one copy of FOOTBALL at that newsstand.Go and buy back,Bob.A.oneB.otherC.itD.this()25.happened that a fire broke out last night.A.ThatB.ItC.ThisD.What二、句型转换。1.It seems to be very happy改为否定句)It to be very ha

18、ppy.2.We young water the young trees well.改为被动语态)They young trees well.3.Both Wei Hua and Ann are on the team用 either.or改写)Wei Hua Ann on the team.4.The boy has to take the medicine three times a day划线部分提问) the boy to take the medicine?5.There is something wrong with my car.改为一般疑问句) wrong with your

19、car?三、完形填空Peters father took him to see the Golden Gate bridge.He first saw it 1 far away.How big it looked! 2 then he saw something else. The bridge was red! The bridge isn't golden.Why is it 3 the Golden Gate Bridge? asked Peter."It isn't named 4 its colour,It's named for the Gold

20、en Gate."said his father. "What's the Golden Gate"?asked Peter."A gate is 5 an opening,or a thing that closes an opening," said his father."The Golden Gate is an opening 6 the land.Water from the sea comes 7 this opening into San Francisco Bay.""Oh,"

21、said peter."And the bridge is _8_ the opening.But why is the opening called the Golden Gate?""Years ago men came California to 9 gold.Many came by ship.They came 10 the bay through that opening.For them it was a gate 11 gold.So theynamed it the Golden Gate""Well, "said

22、Peter, I still think the bridge 12 look golden."When Peter 13 home,he sent a letter to a California paper. 14 the letter he wrote:"Red is not the 15 colour for the Golden Gate Bridge.The bridge should look golden,the way most people think it does.()1.A.veryB.fromC.forD.so()2.A.SoB.AndC.But

23、D.Or( )3.A.calledB.builtC.colouredD.made( )4.A.becauseB.ifC.forD.of( )5.A.eitherB.neitherC.andD.or()6.A.onB.intoC.inD. 不填()7.A.inB.fromC.toD.through()8.A.onB.overC.underD.below( )9.A.look afterB.look upC.look forD.look into( )10.A.fromB.intoC.forD.towards( )11.A.withB.toC.forD.不填( )12.A.shouldB.must

24、C.must beD.should be( )13.A.leftB.gotC.leavesD.gets()14.A.AtB.FromC.OnD.In( )15.A.rightB.wrongC.goodD.bad四、阅读理解AA young American doctor was sleeping when suddenly his doorbell began to ring. It was already midnight, but what could the doctor do? He had to get up, put on his coat and go downstairs.Wh

25、en he opened the door, he saw a man standing with a hat in his hand. “ How do you do?” said the man“, Can you come at once to a place out of town? Its quite far but you have a car and I can show you the wa”y.“Certainly,” said the doctor, “ I m quite ready. I can come at once”. After a few minutes th

26、e car was standing at the front door, the man got into the doct osr car, and they drove off.They drove on for a long time. Then the man said, “ Here we are. This is my home. Now I can pay you and you can go back to town”.“ I must see the patient. How can I go back without seeing the patien” t?“There

27、 is no patient”, explained the man. “ Nobody is ill. I live here, you see, and one must get home from a town, mustn t he? There are no taxis this time of the night, but a doctor often makes night calls, so excuse me. Here is money. Thank you, doctor. Good night.”( )1.The doctor when the doorbell sta

28、rted to ring.A was sleeping upstairsB was sleeping downstairsC was working upstairsD was working downstairs( )2.The man asked the doctor .A to go out for a walk with him B to go to a place out of townC to see a patientD to go for a vacation( )3.They left .A on foot B by bikeC.at once D.after a few m

29、inutes( )4.What the man wanted to do was only .A. to fool the doctorB. to give the doctor moneyC. to get home in the doctor s car D to play a joke on the doctor( )5.The doctor was when he heard the mans words.A. happyB. angryC. sadD sorryBSome people have sailed around the world in quite small boats

30、. It is not an easy thing to do. Sometimes the weather gets bad. That can be the end of everyone in it. Accidents can happen easily and quickly.One family once had an accident with some big fish.The fish swam under their boat and bit holes in it.Sea water came in,of course,andthe boat soon went down

31、. However,these people had another small boat-a lifeboat,and they all got into that.They lived and hoped for many days.They ate and slept, and they always hopedAt last aship found them.How do people live in a very small lifeboat? Perhaps for weeks or months? They must be strong in every way. They mu

32、st have hope-they want to live. But you cannot eat and drink hope.You cannot drink sea water. Drink a lot of sea water and you will quickly die. Sailors can drink rain water. They must catch rain water in their boat. They must also catch fish and birds for food.Lifeboats do not carry a cooker, and s

33、o the sailors cannot cook their food.Raw fish and bird meat is not very nice. But there is no other choice in a lifeboat! The sailors must eat raw food, or they will die.What do people think about in a life boat'？ They think about land, a warm bed,dry clothes, fresh water and food, food, food.(

34、)6.When sailors' boat sinks, their lifeboat gives them .A. food B. beds C. rainwaterD. Hope()7. One family once had an accident at sea, because .A. their boat was caught in bad weatherB. some fish bit through the bottom of their boatC. the boat knocked against a rock and sea water came inD. none

35、 of them knew how to sail in the sea( )8.Sailors can catch for food and drink at sea in a lifeboat.A. rain waterB. fish and birdsC. both sea water and rain waterD. both A and B( )9.Lifeboats do not often carry a cooker, which is .A. something used for cookingB. food for cookingC. a large basketD. a

36、person who cooks food( )10.Which of the following is NOT true?A. Sailing around the world in quite small boats is not easy.B. All the food sailors have in a lifeboat is cooked fish and bird meat.C. Anyone who drinks a lot of sea water will die.D. No one can live for weeks in a lifeboat if he is stro

37、ng and does nt want to live.CThe students in Shanghai No.3 Girls High School have a flower-arrangement lesson every week. The course is the first of its kind among middle schools in Shanghai. It helps the students to better en-joy the beauty of flowers. That's why the course has become very popu

38、lar among the students.The teachers of the course are very good at this art,and a number if students in the class have won prizes in Shanghai.In order to further develop the students interest,the teacher usually plays music while the students are arranging flowers.Sure enough,the students are so ple

39、ased with the music that better ideas for flower-arrangement may come into their minds.What s more,the teachers also ask the students to do some writing about flowers.In this way,students should not only learn how to arrange flowers,but also push themselves to make their writing better.Several month

40、s ago,a meeting was held in the school.The students showed great artistic skill in flower-arrangement.The foreign friends took a great number of photos and spoke highly of the students for their knowledge of the art.E. )11.Why the flower-arrangement course has become popular is that studentsA.don t

41、have to study other coursesB.can get beautiful flowersC.can better enjoy the beauty of flowers D.can learn a about flowersF. )12.The passage mainly wants to tell us that .A.the teachers of the course do well in this artB.a number of students have won prizesC.students now learn how to arrange flowersD.the course is popular in many middle schools()13.It s clear that playing music in flower-arrangement .A.can help students arrange flowers betterB.teachers students more music than other thingsC.can help students arrange flowers easilyD.students practice both music and flower-arrangement( )