建筑史中英文对照

1、建筑史中英文对照建史名词中英文对照:中国古代建筑及构造宫palace,temple殿hall hall又称“堂” 室room房house亭pavili on台platform坛altar楼storied buildi ng阁pavili on廊colonn ade榭pavili on on terrace水榭waterside pavili on轩win dowed vera nda民居folk house四合院courtyard house寨stockaded village舫boat house阙que, watchtower牌楼pailou, decorated gateway华表hua

2、biao, orn ame ntal pillar塔pagoda硬山flush gable roof悬山overha nging gable roof歇山gable and hip roof庑殿hip roof四阿hip roof卷棚round ridge roof重檐double eave roof攒尖pyramidal roof园攒尖round pavili on roof大木woode n structure大式woode n frame with doug ong小式woode n frame without doug ong大木作carpe ntry work小木作joi nery

3、work抬梁式构架post and lin tel con structi on穿斗式构架colu mn and tie con struct ion井干式构架log cab in con struct ion檐柱eave colu mn金柱hypostyle colu mn内槽柱hypostyle colu mn唐代术语内柱hypostyle colu mn宋代术语山柱cen ter colu mn角柱cor ner colu mn唐、宋术语瓜柱short colu mn脊瓜柱king post蜀柱king post宋代术语雷公柱suspe nded colu mn帐杆suspe nded

4、colu mn宋代术语侧脚cejiao宋代术语卷杀en tasis梭柱shuttle-shaped colu mn宋代术语角背bracket由戗in verted V-shaped brace叉手chashou, in verted V-shaped brace宋代术语柁墩woode n pier驼峰tuofeng, camel-hump shaped suport宋代术语梁beam袱beam宋代术语月梁cresce nt beam三架梁3-purli n beam平梁3-purli n beam宋代术语 四架梁4-purli n beam五架梁5-purli n beam四椽袱5- purl

5、i n beam宋代术语六架梁6- purli n beam七架梁7- purli n beam六椽袱7-purli n beam宋代术语九架梁9-purli n beam八椽袱9-purli n beam宋代术语单步梁on e-step cross beam双步梁two-step cross beam挑尖梁main aisle exposed tiebeam乳袱rufu, beam tie宋代术语抱头梁baotou beam穿插枋penetrating tie角梁hip rafer（木行）purli n （used with doug ong）大式檩purli n （used without

6、 doug ong）小式抟purli n宋代术语脊（木行）ridged purli n大式脊檩ridged purlin小式脊抟ridged purli n宋代术语 金（木行）in termediate purli n大式金檩in termediate purli n小式上中平抟in termediate purli n宋代术语老檐(木行)purli n on hypostyle大、小式，宋代术语正心(木行)eave purli n大式檐檩eave purli n小式下平抟eave purli n宋代术语额枋architrave(used with doug ong)大式檐枋architrav

7、e(used with doug ong)小式阑额architrave宋代术语由额垫板cushi on board大式 檐垫板cushi on board小式枋tiebeam脊枋ridge tiebeam上金枋upper purli n tiebeam下金枋lower purli n tiebeam老檐枋eave tiebeam大式，指檐口构造檐枋eave tiebeam小式，指檐口构造顶椽top rafter脑椽upper rafter花架椽in termediate rafter檐椽eave rafter飞檐椽flying rafter飞子flying rafter宋代术语连檐eave e

8、dgi ng瓦口tile edgi ng颔版tile edgi ng宋代术语举架rais ing the purli n举析rais ing the purli n宋代术语步架horiz on tal spaci ng betwee n purli ns材cai栔qi分fen斗口doukou,mortise of cap block斗拱doug on g,bracket set斗dou, bracket set升block with cross mortise大斗cap block栌斗cap block宋代术语拱gon g,bracketarm翘flower arm, petal华拱flowe

9、r arm宋代术语昂an g,lever槽升子cen ter block齐心斗cen ter block宋代术语三才升small block十八斗connection block交互斗connection block宋代术语正心拱axial bracket arm泥道拱axial bracket arm宋代术语瓜拱oval arm瓜子拱oval arm宋代术语万拱long arm慢拱long arm宋代术语厢拱regular arm令拱regular arm宋代术语单材拱outer-side bracket arm撑头small tie-beam枋small tie-beam宋代术语 耍头no

10、se攒set of bracket柱头科bracket set on colu mns柱头铺作bracket set on colu mns宋代术语平身科bracket sets betwee n colu mns补间铺作bracket sets betwee n colu mns宋代术语角科bracket set on corner转角铺作bracket set on corner宋代术语出exte nsion of bracket出跳exte nsion of bracket宋代术语cai跳tiao宋代术语雀替sparrow brace搏缝板gable eave board搏缝版gable

11、 eave board宋代术语木装修join er's work外檐装修exterior finish work内檐装修in terior finish work框槛door frame槛stud抱框jamb on door or win dow格栅partiti on door抹头win dow stool棂子grill裙板panel槛窗sill wall wi ndow榻板wi ndow sill支摘窗removable win dow门枕door beari ng门簪decorative cyli nder门跋door knocker门钉decorative n ails

12、 on door leaf门枕石beari ng stone抱鼓石drum-shaped beari ng stone天花ceili ng帽儿梁lattice frami ng支条lattice frami ng井口天花compartme nt ceili ng海墁天花flat ceili ng藻井caiss on ceili ng罩shelf龛niche博古架an tique shelf瓦石作mas onry檐墙eave wall廊墙partiti on wall扇面墙horiz on tal partiti on wall隔断墙vertical partiti on wall槛墙sill

13、wall樨头gable wall head挑檐石can tilever stone on eave五花山墙stepped gable wall拔磉corbel, hanging over叠涩corbel, hanging over宋代术语角柱石cor ner pier阶条石recta ngular stone slab压阑石recta ngular stone slab宋代术语台阶steps踏道steps宋代术语踏垛step踏step宋代术语斗板石in termediate pier droop ing belt stone副子droop ing belt stone宋代术语象眼trian gular space御路yulu, imperial path羌差ramp须弥座xumizuo圭角guijiao上枋upper fillet and fascia下枋lower fillet and fas