高考语法专项名词从句ppt课件

1、高考语法专项高考语法专项 名词性从句名词性从句高中学部英语 贵州省纳雍县雍安育才高级中学：张怀忠台湾属于中国。台湾属于中国。Taiwan belongs to China.Taiwan belongs to China.我们都知道台湾属于中国。我们都知道台湾属于中国。We all know that Taiwan belongs to China.We all know that Taiwan belongs to China.现实是台湾属于中国。现实是台湾属于中国。The truth is that Taiwan belongs to China.The truth is that Taiw

2、an belongs to China.台湾属于中国是地球人都知道的。台湾属于中国是地球人都知道的。That Taiwan belongs to China is known to all.That Taiwan belongs to China is known to all.我们都知道这个现实我们都知道这个现实台湾属于中国。台湾属于中国。We all know the truth that Taiwan belongs to China .We all know the truth that Taiwan belongs to China .谓语动词之后：宾语从句谓语动词之后：宾语从句系动

3、词之后系动词之后:表语从句表语从句动词之前：主语从句动词之前：主语从句笼统名词之后：同位语从句笼统名词之后：同位语从句F FT TCould you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where he lives? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )Could you tell me where does he live? ( )T TF F高考链接高考链接 2019 2019 上海春上海春These shoes look very good. I wonder _.These sho

4、es look very good. I wonder _.A. how much cost they B. how much do they cost A. how much cost they B. how much do they cost C. how much they cost D. how much are they costC. how much they cost D. how much are they cost2019 2019 上海上海 37 37When changing lanes, a driver should use his When changing lan

5、es, a driver should use his turning signal to let other drivers know _.turning signal to let other drivers know _.A. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringA. he is entering which lane B. which lane he is enteringC. is he entering which land D. which lane is he enteringC. is he enteri

6、ng which land D. which lane is he entering三三 名词性从句的衔接词名词性从句的衔接词连接词连接词连接词是否在从句子充当成分连接词是否在从句子充当成分从属从属连词连词thatthat不充当成分，仅起连接作用不充当成分，仅起连接作用whetherwhether， ifif 不充当成分，但有中文含义不充当成分，但有中文含义“是否是否”连接连接代词代词what, whichwhat, which主语，宾语，表语，定语主语，宾语，表语，定语whowho主语，表语主语，表语whomwhom宾语宾语连接连接副词副词whenwhen时间状语时间状语wherewhere

7、地点状语地点状语whywhy原因状语原因状语howhow方式状语方式状语1 That he will succeed is certain.1 That he will succeed is certain. It is certain that he will succeed. It is certain that he will succeed.2 Whether he will go there is not known.2 Whether he will go there is not known. It is not known whether he will go there. I

8、t is not known whether he will go there.3 When the meeting will be held has not been decided 3 When the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.yet. It has not been decided yet when the meeting will be It has not been decided yet when the meeting will be held.held.为防止主语冗长为防止主语冗长,句子头句子头重脚轻重脚轻,经

9、常用经常用it作方式作方式主语主语,主语从句放在后面主语从句放在后面作真正的主语。作真正的主语。主语从句主语从句在句中做主语的名词性从句成为主在句中做主语的名词性从句成为主语从句语从句常考点清单常考点清单 一一一一 that that从句作主语时，常用从句作主语时，常用itit做方式主语，常见句型：做方式主语，常见句型：(1) It + be + (1) It + be + 描画词描画词(likely/possible/important/clear(likely/possible/important/clear/necessary/true/certain )+ that/necessary

10、/true/certain )+ that从句从句eg. It is certain that she will do well in her exam.eg. It is certain that she will do well in her exam.(2) It + be + (2) It + be + 名词词组名词词组(no wonder/an honor/a good thing/a pity/no (no wonder/an honor/a good thing/a pity/no surprise)+ thatsurprise)+ that从句从句eg. Iteg. Its n

11、o surprise that our team has won the game.s no surprise that our team has won the game.(3) It + be + (3) It + be + 过去分词过去分词(said/reported/thought/expected/decided) + (said/reported/thought/expected/decided) + thatthat从句从句eg. It is said that Mr. Green has arrived in Beijing.eg. It is said that Mr. Gr

12、een has arrived in Beijing.二二 主语从句与主句谓语动词一致性问题主语从句与主句谓语动词一致性问题(1) (1) 单个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。单个主语从句作主语时，谓语动词用单数。When the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.When the meeting will be held has not been decided yet.when and where we shall meet has not been decided yet.when and where we shall meet

13、 has not been decided yet.when they will start and where they will go have not been when they will start and where they will go have not been decided yet.decided yet.(2) (2) 由由andand衔接两个或两个以上衔接词引导同一个主语从句时，谓语衔接两个或两个以上衔接词引导同一个主语从句时，谓语动词用单数。动词用单数。(3) (3) 由由andand衔接两个或两个以上的主语从句做主语时谓语动词用复数。衔接两个或两个以上的主语从句

14、做主语时谓语动词用复数。结论：主语从句做主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于有几个主结论：主语从句做主语时谓语动词用单数还是复数取决于有几个主语从句而非几个衔接词。语从句而非几个衔接词。高考链接高考链接(1)(1)2021 2021 天津天津 7 7It is obvious to the students _ they It is obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future.should get well prepared for their future.as B. which C. whe

15、ther D. thatas B. which C. whether D. that(2)(2019 (2)(2019 上海上海)It has been proved _ eating vegetable in )It has been proved _ eating vegetable in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in childhood helps to protect you against serious illness in later life.later life.A. when B. tha

16、t C. whether D. whatA. when B. that C. whether D. what(3)(2019 (3)(2019 辽宁辽宁)_makes the shop different is that it offers )_makes the shop different is that it offers more personal services.more personal services.What B. Who C. Whatever D. WhoeverWhat B. Who C. Whatever D. Whoever(4)(2019 (4)(2019 上海

17、春上海春)_fashion differs from country to country )_fashion differs from country to country may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.may reflect the cultural differences from one aspect.What B. That C. This D. WhichWhat B. That C. This D. Which(5)(2019 (5)(2019 上海上海)It is pretty well underst

18、ood _ control the )It is pretty well understood _ control the flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.flow of carbon dioxide in and out the atmosphere today.that B. when C. what D. howthat B. when C. what D. howprep.prep.v.v.She sensed that she was being watched.She sensed that she wa

19、s being watched.Polly didnt know which way she should go.Polly didnt know which way she should go.Im interested in who that tall man is.Im interested in who that tall man is.There was a discussion about whether Polly had There was a discussion about whether Polly had found the blind man.found the bl

20、ind man.He was disappointed that he failed to get the He was disappointed that he failed to get the master degree(master degree(硕士学位硕士学位).).Are you sure that youll get there in time?Are you sure that youll get there in time?宾语从句：当名词性从句在复合句中做谓语动词，非谓语宾语从句：当名词性从句在复合句中做谓语动词，非谓语动词，描画词和介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。动词，描画

21、词和介词的宾语时被称为宾语从句。adj.adj.宾语从句宾语从句常考点清单 二一一 it it 做方式宾语的情况做方式宾语的情况在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如在可以接复合宾语的动词之后，如think, make, consider, findthink, make, consider, find等，可等，可以用以用itit做方式宾语。做方式宾语。think/make/consider/find + it + that-think/make/consider/find + it + that-clauseclauseeg.eg.他该当改良他的发音，我们以为这是必要的。他该当改良他的发音，我们以为

22、这是必要的。We consider that he should improve his pronunciation necessary.We consider that he should improve his pronunciation necessary.We consider it necessary that he should improve his We consider it necessary that he should improve his nunciation.他不会屈服的，这一点他曾经明确表示了。他不会屈服的，这一点他曾经明确表示

23、了。He has made it clear that he will not give up.He has made it clear that he will not give up.二二 that that在宾语从句中的省略与保管。在宾语从句中的省略与保管。1 1在主在主+ +谓谓+it (+it (方式宾语方式宾语) +) +宾补宾补+that+that从句从句( (真正宾语真正宾语) ) 的句型中不的句型中不省略省略 We must make it clear that we do not tell lies. We must make it clear that we do not

24、 tell lies. 2 2由连词由连词andand衔接的两个由衔接的两个由thatthat引导的宾语从句中引导的宾语从句中, ,第二个第二个that that 不省不省略。略。 He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on He told me (that) he would come and that he would come on time.time.三三 介词后的介词后的thatthat宾语从句宾语从句 1 1thatthat从句普通不能充任介词宾语，但可以做从句普通不能充任介词宾语，但可以做exceptexce

25、pt，in in 的宾语。的宾语。eg. He is a good student except that he is a little bit eg. He is a good student except that he is a little bit careless.careless. 他是一个好学生，就是有点儿大意。他是一个好学生，就是有点儿大意。 He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his He differed from his classmates in that he devoted his spare tim

26、e to reading.spare time to reading. 他和他的同窗不同的地方在于他把课余时间用在读书上。他和他的同窗不同的地方在于他把课余时间用在读书上。2 2其他介词后需求用其他介词后需求用thatthat做宾语时，必需用做宾语时，必需用itit做方式主语。做方式主语。eg. You may depend/count on it that I shall always help you.eg. You may depend/count on it that I shall always help you. 他要置信我会不断协助他的。他要置信我会不断协助他的。 Please

27、see to it that (make sure that) you bring enough Please see to it that (make sure that) you bring enough money when you go out.money when you go out. 出门时，务必带够钱。出门时，务必带够钱。高考链接高考链接(1)(1)2019 2019 湖南湖南With his work completed, the businessman stepped With his work completed, the businessman stepped back

28、 to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of action.back to his seat, feeling pleased _ he was a man of action.A. which B. that C. what D. whetherA. which B. that C. what D. whether(2) (2019 (2) (2019 浙江浙江) Some children want to challenge themselves by ) Some children want to challenge themselves

29、 by learning a language different from _ their parents speak at learning a language different from _ their parents speak at home.home.A. what B. that C. which D. oneA. what B. that C. which D. one(3)(2019 (3)(2019 全国全国) We cannot figure out _ quite a number of insects, ) We cannot figure out _ quite

30、 a number of insects, birds, and animals are dying out.birds, and animals are dying out.A. that B. as C. why D. whenA. that B. as C. why D. when(4)(2019 (4)(2019 湖南湖南 Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all Having checked the doors were closed, and _ all the lights were off, the boy opened t

31、he door to his bedroom.the lights were off, the boy opened the door to his bedroom.A. why B. that C. when D. whereA. why B. that C. when D. where My question is whether Polly can find her way My question is whether Polly can find her way home. home. Thats because there is a big thick fog.Thats becau

32、se there is a big thick fog.He looked as if he was going to cry.He looked as if he was going to cry.表语从句表语从句放在连系动词之后的名词性从句。放在连系动词之后的名词性从句。对主语进展解释阐明。对主语进展解释阐明。常考点清单 三一一 当主句的主语是当主句的主语是reasonreason时，表语从句的衔接词常用时，表语从句的衔接词常用thatthat，不用，不用because; because; 句型：句型：“ The reason is that The reason is that。eg.

33、The reason for his lying in bed is that he fell off his eg. The reason for his lying in bed is that he fell off his bike on his way to school.bike on his way to school. 他躺在床上的缘由是由于他在上学的路上从自行车上摔了下来。他躺在床上的缘由是由于他在上学的路上从自行车上摔了下来。高考链接高考链接(1)(2019 (1)(2019 上海上海 36) One reason for her preference for city l

34、ife is 36) One reason for her preference for city life is _ she can have easy access to places like shops and _ she can have easy access to places like shops and restaurants.restaurants.that B. how C. what D. whythat B. how C. what D. why(2)(2000 (2)(2000 上海上海)_ she couldn)_ she couldnt understand w

35、as _ fewer and fewer t understand was _ fewer and fewer students showed interest in her lessons. students showed interest in her lessons. A. what; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; thatA. what; why B. That; what C. What; because D. Why; that(3)(2019 (3)(2019 上海上海) _ made the school proud wa

36、s _ more than 90) _ made the school proud was _ more than 90 of of the students had been admitted to key universities.the students had been admitted to key universities.A. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; becauseA. What; because B. What; that C. That; what D. That; because(4)(2019

37、(4)(2019 天津天津) The last time we had fun was _ we were visiting ) The last time we had fun was _ we were visiting the Water Park.the Water Park.where B. how C. when D. whywhere B. how C. when D. why定义：同位语从句在句中充任同位语成分，其普通跟在一些笼统名词定义：同位语从句在句中充任同位语成分，其普通跟在一些笼统名词(idea (idea ；belief belief ； fact fact ； tr

38、uth truth ；problem problem ；newsnews等等) )后面，对名词作进一步解释后面，对名词作进一步解释阐明。阐明。同位语从句常用同位语从句常用thatthat引导或用衔接词引导或用衔接词what/when / where / why / how / what/when / where / why / how / whetherwhether等。等。eg. The idea that we should have more industry in this area is a eg. The idea that we should have more industry

39、 in this area is a good one.good one. I have no idea when they came to visit my hometown. I have no idea when they came to visit my hometown. We have no doubt that Mr. White will turn up tonight. We have no doubt that Mr. White will turn up tonight.同位语从句同位语从句常考点清单 四一一 间隔式同位语从句间隔式同位语从句 同位语从句普通紧跟在先行词的

40、后面。但是当含有同位语从句的主句谓同位语从句普通紧跟在先行词的后面。但是当含有同位语从句的主句谓语部分较短时，可以把谓语动词放在先行词后面，使同位语从句和先语部分较短时，可以把谓语动词放在先行词后面，使同位语从句和先行词隔开，以免头重脚轻的景象。行词隔开，以免头重脚轻的景象。eg. Word came that the war broke out in Iraq.eg. Word came that the war broke out in Iraq. They spread the lie everywhere that I stole the necklace. They spread t

41、he lie everywhere that I stole the necklace.高考链接高考链接2021 2021 江西江西 33 33The fact has worried many scientists _the earth The fact has worried many scientists _the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.is becoming warmer and warmer these years.what B. which C. that D. thoughwhat B. which C.

42、that D. though二二 定语从句和同位语从句的区别定语从句和同位语从句的区别1 1 同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和阐明，阐明中心词的详同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和阐明，阐明中心词的详细内容。引导同位语从句的细内容。引导同位语从句的that that 在同位语从句中不做任何成分在同位语从句中不做任何成分, ,只起只起衔接作用衔接作用, ,无详细含义无详细含义, ,且不可省略。且不可省略。2 2定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的详细内容。定语从定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及先行词的详细内容。定语从句中句中thatthat不但起衔接作用，而且在定语从句中充

43、任一个句子成分不但起衔接作用，而且在定语从句中充任一个句子成分主，宾，表，充任从句的宾语成分时可省略。主，宾，表，充任从句的宾语成分时可省略。eg. The news that our football team won the match was eg. The news that our football team won the match was encouraging.encouraging. The news (that) we heard on the radio was not true. The news (that) we heard on the radio was no

44、t true.随堂练习：随堂练习：1 1The information has been announced that more middle The information has been announced that more middle school graduates will be admitted into university.school graduates will be admitted into university.2 2The information that he revealed at the meeting is of The information tha

45、t he revealed at the meeting is of great value.great value.定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句定语从句定语从句同位语从句同位语从句常清考点五常清考点五 衔接词的选用衔接词的选用一一 that that 和和what what 的选用的选用 that that 和和 what what 都可引导一切的名词从句。但是，都可引导一切的名词从句。但是，whatwhat除起衔接作用除起衔接作用外，还在名词性从句中充任成分，可做从句的主语、宾语，表语和定外，还在名词性从句中充任成分，可做从句的主语、宾语，表语和定语语, ,普通译成普通译成“所所的

46、。而的。而thatthat在名词性从句中不充任任何成分，只在名词性从句中不充任任何成分，只起衔接作用，没有中文含义。起衔接作用，没有中文含义。随堂练习随堂练习that/whatthat/what: :1. _ he wants is a book.1. _ he wants is a book.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.2. _ he wants to go there is obvious.3. The result is _ we won the game.3. The result is _ we won the game.4. This

47、is _ we want to know.4. This is _ we want to know.5. Is _ he told us true ?5. Is _ he told us true ?6. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.6. We should pay attention to _ the teacher is saying.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.7. I have no doubt _ he will come.8. I have no idea _ he d

48、id that afternoon.8. I have no idea _ he did that afternoon.WhatWhatThatThatthatthatwhatwhatwhatwhatwhatwhatwhatwhatthatthat二二 特殊疑问词引导名词性从句特殊疑问词引导名词性从句特殊疑问词在引导名词性从句的同时特殊疑问词在引导名词性从句的同时,常保管本身疑问的含义常保管本身疑问的含义,是指详细的人或物，是是指详细的人或物，是特指的概念。特指的概念。特殊疑问词特殊疑问词+ever也可以引导名词性从句，如：也可以引导名词性从句，如：whatever, whichever, w

49、hoever。翻。翻译成译成“无论无论是指任何人或物，无范围可言，是泛指的概念。是指任何人或物，无范围可言，是泛指的概念。eg. whoever leaves the room last ought to turn off the light. who will give us a talk is unknown to us all.链接高考：链接高考：(2021 海南海南 24)Could I speak to is in charge of International Sales please?who B. what C. whoever D. whatever(2019 北京北京 29)

50、Could you do me a favor? It depends on _it is.which B. whichever C. what D. whatever anyone anyone whowhoanyone/anyanyone/anything thatthing thatanythinanything thatg that三三 if if和和whetherwhether的选用的选用( (是否是否) )主语从句主语从句宾语从句宾语从句表语从表语从句句同位语同位语从句从句及物动词宾语及物动词宾语 介词宾语介词宾语whether/whether/ifif放于句首只放于句首只用用wh

51、etherwhether用用whether/ifwhether/if均可均可只用只用whetherwhether只用只用whetherwhether只用只用whetwhetherher(1)whether to do (1)whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.if to do. eg.I dont know whether to go. eg.I dont know whether to go.(2)whether or (not) (2)whether or (not) 连在一同引导宾语从句时不用连在一同引导宾语从句时不用if.if.eg. I do

52、nt know whether or not he is well.eg. I dont know whether or not he is well.(3)(3)一定方式的的一定方式的的doubtdoubt后面通常接后面通常接whether/ifwhether/if引导的名词性从句，否认方式引导的名词性从句，否认方式的的doubtdoubt后面通常接后面通常接thatthat引导的名词性从句。引导的名词性从句。eg. There is no doubt that he will win the first prize.(eg. There is no doubt that he will w

53、in the first prize.(同位语从句同位语从句) ) I doubt whether/if its true. I doubt whether/if its true.宾语从句宾语从句 I dont doubt that you are honest. ( I dont doubt that you are honest. (宾语从句宾语从句) ) 高考链接高考链接(2019 (2019 天津天津 2) Elephant have their own way to tell the shape of an 2) Elephant have their own way to tel

54、l the shape of an object and _it is rough or smooth.object and _it is rough or smooth.A. / B. whether C. how D. whatA. / B. whether C. how D. whata. 主语从句主语从句b. 表语从句表语从句c. 同位语从句同位语从句e. 介词后的宾语从句介词后的宾语从句f. whether to do 做动词宾语不能用做动词宾语不能用if to do.g. whether or not 连在一同引导宾语从句连在一同引导宾语从句时不用时不用if.不能运用不能运用if

55、的情况：的情况：I worry about whether I hurt her feeling.I dont know whether I will stay or not.1. I asked her _ she had a bike.2. _ we will hold a party in the open air tomorrow depends on the weather.3. Were worried about _ he is safe.4. I dont know _ he is well or not.5. I dont know _ or not he is well.6

56、. The question is _ he should do it.7. The doctor can hardly answer the question _ the old man will recover soon.8. I dont know _ to go.if / whetherWhetherwhetherwhether / ifwhetherwhetherwhetherwhetherthat可省略的情况：可省略的情况：that不可省略的情况：不可省略的情况：主语从句主语从句表语从句表语从句同位语从句同位语从句用用it做方式宾语的宾语从句做方式宾语的宾语从句并列的宾语从句中的后

57、几个从句的并列的宾语从句中的后几个从句的引导词引导词that不能省略不能省略单个宾语从句中的单个宾语从句中的that可省略可省略1. I dont think _ she is coming.2. It is a pity _ he has made such a mistake.3. The reason is _ he is careless.4. The news _ our team won the match inspired us.5. I dont think it necessary _ you should read English aloud.6. He told me _

58、 his father had died and _ he had to make a living alone.(that)thatthatthatthat(that)that1.1.同位语从句的格式：同位语从句的格式：2.2.能接同位语从句的名词有：能接同位语从句的名词有：3.3.衔接词通常是衔接词通常是that,that,也可根据含义选用也可根据含义选用n.+ 衔接词衔接词 + 从句从句fact, idea, news, order, belief, suggestion, advice, information等等whether, what, when, where 等来引导同等来引导

59、同位语从句。位语从句。1. I have no idea _ he comes from.2. He cant answer the question _ he got the money.3. He gave us many suggestions _ we should get up earlier and take more exercise.4. I have no doubt _ he will win.5. I have some doubt _ he will win.wherehowthatthatwhether1.1.定语从句是先行词的修饰语，它不涉及定语从句是先行词的修饰语

60、，它不涉及先行词的详细内容。定语从句中先行词的详细内容。定语从句中thatthat不但不但起衔接作用，而且在定语从句中充任一个起衔接作用，而且在定语从句中充任一个句子成分，充任从句的宾语成分时可省略。句子成分，充任从句的宾语成分时可省略。2.2.同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的同位语从句对中心词的内容作进一步的解释和阐明，阐明中心词的详细内容。引解释和阐明，阐明中心词的详细内容。引导同位语从句的导同位语从句的that that 在同位语从句中不在同位语从句中不做任何成分做任何成分, ,只起衔接作用只起衔接作用, ,无详细含义无详细含义, ,且不可省略。且不可省略。 We expressed