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1、形容词和副词在高考试题中始终占很重要的地位。近几年高考对形容词和副 词的考查具有“淡化语法、注重深层语义”的特点,以形容词和副词辨析为热点。 同时继续加强对形容词和副词比较等级的考查。其考点主要包括:1. 考查形容词和副词词义辨析。2. 考查形容词修饰名词时的词序,即指示代词/不定代词+数词(序数词、基 数词)+描绘性形容词+特征性形容词(大小、长短、高低、形状、年龄、新旧)+颜色形容词+国籍、出处+物质、材料+用途、类别+中心名词。3 .考查形容词和副词比较等级的常用句型及其修饰成分在句中的位置。4. 考查与形容词和副词有关的习语结构。重点知识摊理一、形容词和副词的基本用法1. 形容词在句中

2、的作用。(1) 形容词在句中可作定语、表语和补语。(2) 形容词在句中也可作状语,用来表示主语所处的状态。He was lying in bed , dead.(3)alone/afraid/asleep/awake/alive/ashamed/ill/well(身体好)等常用作表语而不用作定语。如:He is an ill man.(与昔)The man is ill.( 对)She is an afraid girl.(与昔)The girl is afraid.(对)(4)two-year-old/200-metre-long/one-thousand-word名词要用单数,一般只用作前

3、置定语。如:Tom is a two-year-old boy.2副词在句中的作用。副词在句中一般用作状语,修饰动词、形容词或其他副词,也可修饰整个句 子。如:Obviously you are wrong.二、常用连接性副词的用法1 though 用作副词时,常在句末,意为“然而,可是”,表示转折意义。2 t herefore “因此,所以”,表示结果。3. meanwhile “与此同时,在此期间”,表示前后分句的动作同时发生。4. moreover “另外”,表示承接关系。5. however “然而”,表示让步、转折,常用逗号与句子的其他成分隔开。6. besides “另外;还有”,

4、表示递进关系。7. instead “相反”,表示前后分句意义相反。三、形容词、副词的比较级及最高级1. 平级比较(1) as 形容词 / 副词原级 as 像, 一样(2) as +adj. +a/an+名词+ as 像,一样的,等复合形容词中的(3) as much +a/an +名词+ as 和,一样是,(4) not as/so +形容词 /副词原级+ as. 不如, 那样,1Henry is a worker as good as Peter (is).=Henry is as good a worker as Peter (is)Henry 和 Peter 一样都是好工人。2It i

5、s gen erally believed that teachi ng is as much an art as it is a science.人们普遍认为,教学是一门科学,同时也是一门艺术。2比较级(1) the 比较级 . ,the 比较级 . 越, ,越 ,The more careful you are, the fewer mistakes youll make. 你越仔细,你犯的错误越少。(2) the 比较级 of the two 名词,表示“两个中较 , 的”。The taller of the two boys is my brother.这两个男孩中较高的是我哥哥。3比

6、较级的修饰词常见的修饰词有 much,a lot ,a great deal ,far ,even,a bit, a little, any(否定句、疑问句中),具体的数据等。He is much taller than Yao Ming.他比姚明高多了。但是 very/quite/fairly 一般不用来修饰比较级;最高级常用 by far/much 或序数词作状语。如:The population of China is by far the largest in the world.Africa is the second largest continent.4几种带有否定词的比较句型(

7、1)no better than 表示“和 , 一样;实际等于 , ”。例如:The patient is no betterthan he was yesterday. 病人的情况和昨天一样 ( 不好 )。(2)no more.than 表示“同 , 一样不”。例如:A whale is no more a fish than a horse is.鲸和马都不是鱼。(3)no less. than表示“和 , 一样;不逊于”。例如:The technique of writing is no less difficult than that of the写作技巧和其他艺术技巧一样困难。5比较

8、级表达最高级含义(1) “否定词比较级”有最高级的含义。Your story is perfect; Ive never heard a better one before你的故事太完美了,我从来没有听到比这更好听的故事。(2) 比较级在以下几种句式中均表示最高级含义。 比较级 than any other 单数名词 比较级 than all the other 复数名词 比较级 than anyone else比较级 than any of the other 复数名词比较级 than the rest of 复数名词或不可数名词 例如:朱莉娅是她班上最高的女生。 (一句多译 )arts.o

9、ther1Julia is taller than any other girl in her class.2Julia is taller than all the other girls in her class.3Julia is taller than any of the other girls in her class.4Julia is taller than the rest of girls in her class.5Julia is the tallest girl in her class.四、倍数表达法1A is 倍数比较级 than B2.A is +倍数+ as

10、+原级+ as+ B3.A is +倍数+ the +名词(size , length , height 等)+ of + B4.the +名词(size , length , height 等)+ of A is +倍数+ that + of + B5. A is +倍数+ what 引导的名词性从句 长江是珠江的三倍长。 ( 一句多译 )1The Yan gtze River is twice Ion ger tha n the Pearl River.2The Yan gtze River is three times as long as the Pearl River.3The Ya

11、n gtze River is three times the len gth of the Pearl River.4The len gth of the Yan gtze River is three times that of the Pearl River.五、形容词作定语时的位置1. 通常置于所修饰的词之前,但不定代词的定语通常在后面。如:Someone strange is asking to see you.Something unexpected happened and we had to make some changes to ourplan.2.else 常放在不定代词

12、和疑问代词后面作定语。如:No one else can an swer the questi on.3.多个形容词作定语时的词序为:大小、长短、高低形状/年龄、新旧颜色 /来源、国籍、地区、出处/材料/用途。如:an expensive Japanese sports car, those three beautiful large square old brow nwood table.高频考点突破考点一形容词、副词的比较等级用法例 1. It may not be a great suggestion. But before_is putforward, we ll make do wi

13、th it.C. the best oneD. a best one【解析】选 B 句意:它或许不是一个好建议,但在更好的建议被提出之前, 我们先凑合一下。此处暗含比较,表示“一条更好的建议”,是泛指,故选B。【变式探究】I thi nk watchi ng TV every eve ning is a waste of timethere are_ meanin gful things to do.A. lessB. moreC. the leastD. the most【解析】选 B 句意:我认为每天晚上看电视是浪费时间,因为有更有意义 的事可以去做。根据句意可知,此处应用meaningf

14、ul 的比较级形式,故选 B。【举一反三】 This is by far_ movie that I have ever see n.A. an inspiringB. a much inspiringC. the most inspiringD. the more inspiring【解析】选c句意:这是我曾看过的最鼓舞人心的电影了。by如中用于修饰形容词或副词的比较级 或最高级。根据从句的描述可短 应该选择c项,即用最高级形式。D项,咒1卄比较嗽常常要与由 吠构成的矩语连用A. a good oneB . a better one考点二 形容词、副词辨析例 2( 2017?天津) I wa

15、nt to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.I m sorry, but he is not _ at the moment, for the meetinghasnt ended.A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available【答案】D解析】句意: - 我想见怀特先生,我们有约。 - 对不起,他现在没空,因为会议还没有结束。A.忙碌;B.积极,活跃;C 关心;D.有空D。who has cats or dogs in the house.house 可知,戴维对动物皮毛“过敏”。变式探究】 The Forbi

16、dden City attracts aevery day, especially during national holidays.AconstantC powerful【解析】选 A 句意:紫禁城每天都吸引着络绎不绝的游客,特别是在国庆 节期根据语境,故选变式探究】 David isanimal fur, so he wont visit anyoneA curious aboutBallergic toCsatisfied withDfond of解析】选 B (be) curious about对 , 好奇的”;(be) allergicto“对对 , 满意的”;(be) fond o

17、f “喜欢”。根据空格后面的 so he wont visitanyone who has cats or dogs in thestream of visitorsBmain间。 A constant stream of visitors 表示“络绎不绝的游客”。 Constant “持 续不断的”,符合句意。Ma in “主要的”;powerful “强有力的”;shallow “浅【举一反三】 Tony can hardly boil an egg, still _ cook dinner.A. lessB. littleC. muchD. more【解析】选 A 句意:托尼几乎不会煮鸡

18、蛋,更何况做饭呢。still less 意为“何况,更不用说”,符合句意。考点三倍数表达法例 3. This restaura nt was nt_that other restaura nt we wentto.A. half as good asB. as half good asC. as good as halfD. good as half as【解析】选 A 句意:这家餐馆还没有我们去过的其他餐馆的一半好呢。本 题为倍数表达法之一:倍数+ as +adj.原级+ as +比较成分。【变式探究】 The new stadium being built for the next Asi

19、an Gameswill be_ the prese nt one.A. as three times big asB. three times as big asC. as big as three timesD. as big three times as【解析】选日英语中常见的表达倍数的句型有匕tunes+as+对”/0创.徧豹十誉;times+沏比辛報)+than.,;.times + thelengtbwidth/.故B J页符合考点四形容词作状语的”o例 4. _, she is the sort of womarto spread sunshine to peoplethroug

20、h her smile.A. Shy and cautiousB. Sensitive and thoughtfulC. Hon est and con fide ntD. Lighthearted and optimistic【解析】选 D 由后半句的“她用自己的微笑把阳光传播给人们”可知,她 无忧无虑而且非常乐观。故选 D 项。1. (2017 江苏) Only five years after Steve Jobs death, smart-phonesdefeated_ PCs in sales.A. con troversialB. con tradictoryC. con fide

21、 ntialD. conven ti onal【答案】D【解析】考查形容词辨析。A. con troversial有争议的;B. con tradictory对立的,相互矛盾的;C. con fide ntial机密的,秘密的;D. conven tio nal 传统的。句意:乔布斯去世仅仅五年后,智能手机在销量上就打败了传统的个人电 脑。故选 Do2. (2017 江苏) The disappearanee of dinosaurs is not necessarilycaused by astronomical incidents.But_ explanations are hardto

22、fin d.A. alter nativeB. aggressiveC. ambiguousD. appare nt【答案】A【解析】考查形容词。A. alter native可供替代的;B. aggressive 好斗的,有进取心的;C. ambiguous 有野心的,耗时的;D. apparent 显而易见的。句意:恐龙的消失未必是由天文事件引起的,但是难以找到其它解释。故选A。3.(2017?天津)一 I want to see Mr. White. We have an appointment.I m sorry, but he is not _ at the moment, for

23、the meetinghasn t ended.A. busy B. active C. concerned D. available【答案】D【解析】句意:一我想见怀特先生,我们有约。一对不起,他现在没空,因为会议还没有结熱乩忙 碌;氏积极,活跃匚关心m有空。根据语逼 故选叽1._ (2016 新课标I,63)The title will be_ (official)giventome at a cere mony in London.【解析】1. officially 句意:这个头衔会在伦敦的典礼上正式地被授予 我。修饰动词应用副词形式。2.(2016 新课标H,41)If you fee

24、l stressed by responsibilities atwork , you should take a step back and identify( 识另 U )thoseof_(great)a nd less importa nee.【解析】2. greater句意:如果你因为工作责任而感到有压力的话,那么你应该暂缓一下,识别哪些事情更重要,哪些不太重要。由and 连接两个并列成分可知,great 应与 less 并列,故用比较级 greater。3 . (2016 新课标H,47)Recent studies show that we are far moreproducti

25、ve at work if we take short breaks_ (regular).【解析】3. regularly句意:近期的研究表明,如果有规律地短暂休息,我们的工作效率会更高。 形容词通常在句中作定语或表语。 此处修饰动词短语 take shortbreaks,需用畐U词。4.(2016 新课标皿,66)Food in small pieces could be eaten easily withtwigs which_ (gradual)tur ned into chopsticks.【解析】4. gradually句意:小块的食物用树枝更容易吃到,这样树枝就逐渐演变成了筷子。

26、所填词修饰动词,所以用副词形式。5.(2016 四川,62)Chinese scientists_ (recent)had a chaneeto study a wild female panda with a newborn baby.【解析】5. recently句意:最近,中国的科学家有机会研究一只带着新出生的熊猫宝宝的野生雌性大熊猫。在句中作状语应用副词形式。6.(2016 四川,63)She was a very_ (care)mother.【解析】6. caring/careful句意:她是一位非常体贴的/细心的妈妈。修饰名词应用形容词形式。cari ng “体贴的,关心他人的”和

27、 careful “细心的” 均符合语境。7.(2016 浙江,6)That young man is hon est, cooperative , always therewhe n you n eed his help .In short , hes_ (rely) .【解析】7. reliable句意:那个年轻人很诚实,有合作精神,当你需要他的帮助的时候,他总会在那里。简而言之,他可以信赖。be 动词后面要接形容词作表语。8._(2016 浙江,18)1 have always enjoyed all the eventsyou organized and I hope to atte

28、nd(many )i n the coming years.【解析】8. more句竜:我一直很喜欢你组织的所有的活动,并且希望未来的几年里参加更梦的活动。 此处暗含比较董义,故用比较缠形式。1. (2015 江苏,31)The police officers decided to con duct a thorough and(comprehe nsion )review of the case.【解析】解析 句意:警方决定对该案件进行彻底和全面的审查。作名词 review的定语要用其形容词形式。comprehensive 综合的,广泛的【答案】comprehensive2. (2015 浙

29、江,14)Listeningis thus an active, not a(passively), behavior con sist ing of heari ng, un dersta nding and rememberi ng.【解析】解析 句意:听是一种积极的,而不是消极的行为,它涉及听、理解和记忆。与前面的形容词active 对应,也要用形容词形式,一起作名词behavior 的定语。passive 被动的,消极的。【答案】passive3. (2015 湖北,27)Even though the conference hall is near his apartment, he

30、 hasto hurry a little if he wants to be (punctually).【解析】解析 句意:尽管会议大厅距他的公寓很近,想准时赶到,他必须快一点。作系动词 be 的表语要用形容词形式。punctual 准时的。【答案】punctual4. (2015 湖北,28)1 do nt thi nk what he said is(releva nce)tothe topic we are discuss in g.He has missed the point.【解析】 句意:我认为他说的与我们正在讨论的主题无关。他跑题了。作系动词 is 的表语要用形容词形式。re

31、leva nt 有关的;贴切的。【答案】releva nt5. (2015 四 川,7)Andy iscontent with the toy.It is the(good)he has ever got.【解析】 考查最高级和比较级。句意:Andy 对这个玩具很满意,这是他曾 得到的最好的玩具。根据句意应用最高级。【答案】best6. (2015 四川,9)Little Tom sat (amaze)watching the monkey dancing in front ofhim.【解析】 考查形容词作状语。句意:小Tom坐在那儿看着小推子在他面前跳舞很吃惊。本句考查 形容词作伴随状语,

32、amazed到吃晾的,常修饰人$amaziii耳令人吃惊的,常修饰物*【答案】amazed7. (2015 安徽,26)Im so (gratitude)to all those volunteers because they helpedmy terrible day end happily.【解析】句意:我非常感激所有的志愿者,因为他们帮我把糟糕的一天变成 了愉快的一天。be 动词后跟形容词,be grateful to sb感激某人。【答案】grateful8. (2015 福建,23)lt was (consider)ofMichael to inform usof his delay

33、 in case we got worried.【解析】句意:为了避免我们担心,米切尔告知我们他耽搁了,他想得很周 到。be 动词后用形容词,con siderate 体贴的;考虑周到的。【答案】con siderate9. (2015 浙江,13)Most of us, if we know even a little about where our food comesfrom, un dersta nd that every bite put in to our mouths was (former)alive.【解析】句意:如果我们知道一点食物来源的话,我们中的大多数人就会明 白我们嘴

34、里的每一口食物从前都是活着的。此处作时间状语,故要用副词形式。 formerly 以前,从前。【答案】formerly10. (2015 湖 北,29)The girl used to be shy, but is (gradual)gett ing activein group work and is more willi ng to expressherself.【解析】句意:女孩一度很害羞,但是逐渐地她在分组工作表现得积极主动, 变得更愿意表达自己了。在句中作状语修饰动词短语 get active 要用副词形式。 gradually逐渐地,逐步地。【答案】gradually11. (20

35、15 安徽,31)They gave money to the old peoples home either (person al)or through their compa ni es.【解析】句意:他们给那位老人的家里送钱,有的是从个人的名义,有的则 是通过他们的公司。修饰动词的应为personally。【答案】personally1.(2014 浙江卷 )4. Joe is proud and_ , never admitting he iswrong and always look ing for some one else to blame.A. strict B.sympath

36、etic C.stubbor nD.sen sitive【答案】C【解析】本題考察的是形容词词义辨析*Strict严格的;sympathetic同情的富有同情心的;stubbom固执的;sensitive 感的。 降雨;Joe很骄傲很固执, 从来都不承认他错了而且总是责备另 人根据never admittinghe is wrong and always looking for someone else Io blame可知他很固执。故C正确2. (2014 浙江卷 )13. The aim of education is to teach young peopleto thi nk for

37、themselves and not follow others_ .A. blindlyB. unwillinglyC. closelyD. carefully【答案】A【解析】副词 blindly 盲目地,没有目的地;unwillingly不愿意地;closely亲密地;紧密地; carefully 细心地;句意:教育的目的是教会别人自己思考而 不是盲目地追随他人。根据句意说明 A 正确。3. (2014 大纲卷) 27. Raymonds parents wanted him to have _possible education.A. goodB. better C. bestD.th

38、e best【答案】 D【解析】句义:Ray mond 的父母亲想要他得到最好的可能的教育。本句是常 识,父母亲当然希望自己的孩子能够得到最好的教育,有最好的发展前途。故 D 正确。4. (2014 大纲卷) 34. Henry was away from homefor quiet a bit and _saw his family.A. frequently B. seldom C. always D.usually【答案】 B【解析】副词 frequently 频繁地,经常地; seldom 很少; always 总是,一 直;usually 通常。句义: Harry 已经离开家有一段时

39、间了,他很少看见他的父 亲。根据句A. blindlyB. unwillinglyC. closely义可知他已经离开家了,那么很少有和父亲见面的机会。故使用副词seldom 表示否定。故 B 正确。5. (2014 大纲卷)35. - What did you do last weekend?-Nothi ng_ .A. much B. elseC. everD. yet【答案】A【解析】本题中的固定搭配 nothing much 没什么,很少;nothing else 没 有别的事情。句义:一上个周末你干嘛了?一我什么也没有做。根据句义可知表 示的是否定含义。故 A 正确。6. ( 201

40、4 福建卷)24. With online shopping increasingly popular, the Internet issee n as a( n) way of reach ing target customers.A. temporary B. complex C. accurate D. efficie nt【答案】D【解析】本题考察的是形容词词义辨析tempoiaiy暂时的?complac真杂的j accurate准确的,精确的;effideiitS效的;句义随看网络购物越来越瀟亍,因特网被看作是找到目标客户的高效的方法。根据前半 句可知网络购物的流行让我们很容易就会找

41、到目标客户,所以因特朗是一个很高效的方法。故D正确。7. ( 2014 湖北卷)27. What was so_ about Jasmine Westland svictory was that she came first in the marath on bare-footed.A. awfulB. esse ntialC. impressive D.obvious【答案】C【解析】本题主要考察的是形容词词义辨析。 A 糟糕的,可怕的,极坏的;B必要的;基本的;D 留有深刻印象的;D 明显的,显然的;句意:关于 JasmineWestland 的胜利给人印象最深刻的是他赤脚得到了马拉松比赛的第一名。根据句意 Jasmine Westland 赤脚获得第一名,这是最让人难忘的事情。故C 项符合上下文串联。8.( 2014 湖北卷)28. Instead of blaming the child who had broken thevase, she gave him a_smile and let him go.A. cautious B. gratefulC. tolera nt D. wild【答案】C【解析】本题主要考察形容词词义辨析。 A 谨慎的,小心的;B

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