短文首字母填空专练

1、短文首字母填空短文首字母填空2013盐城市中考英语笔试题型盐城市中考英语笔试题型1.单项选择单项选择2.完形填空完形填空3.阅读理解阅读理解4.任务型阅读任务型阅读5.词汇词汇6.短文首字母填空短文首字母填空7.句子翻译句子翻译8.写作写作短文首字母填空短文首字母填空Which one do you think is the most difficult?九年级英语复习专题系列讲解九年级英语复习专题系列讲解巧解短文首字母填空巧解短文首字母填空要求：根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写出要求：根据短文内容和首字母提示，填写出适当的单词，使短文意思完整、正确。适当的单词，使短文意思完整、正确。 特点及中

2、考趋势特点及中考趋势 短文首字母填空题，答题时要求既短文首字母填空题，答题时要求既要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确，要使所填的词在语法和语义上正确，又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要，又要使其符合短文内容与情景的需要，所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限所给出的词首字母同时起着提示和限定的作用。定的作用。解题方法和技巧解题方法和技巧 1. 1. 通读全文，了解大意通读全文，了解大意短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要短文中虽有一些词未知，但不影响对文章主要内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，内容的理解。在初步阅读中，可以跳过空格，尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容信息，以及语法结尽量捕捉文章所提供的内容

3、信息，以及语法结构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。构方面的提示，有助于下一步的分析与判断。 2. 2. 再读全文，理清脉络再读全文，理清脉络 通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔通读全文、掌握大意后，还应逐字逐句地仔细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与细阅读，从文意中找出句与文、句与句、词与句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉句、词与词之间的关系，尤其是一些不易察觉的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知的、隐含的微妙关系，用已知信息去获取未知信息，以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中，可信息，以便初步确定答案。在答题过程中，可以把有把握的词先填好，逐步减少空格对阅读以把有把握的词先

4、填好，逐步减少空格对阅读造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。造成的障碍，然后再仔细推敲剩下的难题。 3. 3. 仔细推敲，确保准确仔细推敲，确保准确 词义判断正确了不等于答题正确，还应从词词义判断正确了不等于答题正确，还应从词法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。法、句法、惯用法等方面考虑答案的准确性。4. 4. 复读全文，全面检查复读全文，全面检查 答题完毕后复读全文，进行核查是必答题完毕后复读全文，进行核查是必不可少的。做完题后，一定要认真检查，不可少的。做完题后，一定要认真检查，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，尽量减少粗心所致的笔误或拼写错误，对有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、对

5、有疑问的地方，更要根据文章的内容、上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复上下文的语法结构、逻辑发展进行反复斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。斟酌，这样才能尽量避免失分。 解题的步骤：解题的步骤：1. 跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。跳过空格、通读全文、把握大意。 2. 结合字母、综合考虑、初定答案。结合字母、综合考虑、初定答案。3. 瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。瞻前顾后、先易后难、各个击破。 4. 复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。复读全文、逐空验证、弥补疏漏。通读通读分析分析填词填词检查检查 逐空验证（如）逐空验证（如） 名词名词考虑其单复数形式考虑其单复数形式 动词动词考虑其时态、语态及搭配考虑其时态、

6、语态及搭配 形容词形容词考虑要不要用比较级或最高考虑要不要用比较级或最高级级 （快速）通读全文（快速）通读全文 语义线索：语义线索： A large number of people gathered at the l_ place. They were cheering and dancing. Many of them were with tears in their eyes , then they saw Yang Liwei in good health after a 21-hours space t_. The space dream of the Chinese nation

7、has finally come t_ . andingriprue 句法线索：句法线索： Fifty years ago, man r_ on a heavy and dangerous type of bike with a rather large wheel in the front and a small one in the b_ . odeack 逻辑线索：逻辑线索： In many counties, when friends see each other, they often have a drink while they sit and t_. Many English

8、people dont need anyone else, they drink tea several times a day even if they are a_.alklone上下文线索：上下文线索： Sea w_ usually contains about 3.5% of salt, this is why sea water is denser(浓稠浓稠) than f_ water and no good for drinking. The salt g_ into the sea by being washed into it by rivers that flow f_ t

9、he land. aterreshoesrom例文例文A . The computer is fast , and never makes m_, while people are too slow and f_ of mistakes. Thats w_ people often say when they talk about computers. For over a quarter of a century, engineers have been m_ better and better computers. Now a computer can do a lot of everyd

10、ay jobs wonderfully. It is w_ used in factories, hospitals and banks. A computer can report, decide and control in almost every f_. Many computer scientists are now thinking of making the computer “t_” like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can draw pictures, write music, talk with people

11、, play chess, recognize (识别) voices, translate languages and s_ on. Perhaps computers will one day really think and feel. Do you think that people will be a_ when they find that the computer is too c_ to listen to and serve(为服务) the people. The 1st & 2nd blank The computer is fast , and never makes

12、m_, while people are too slow and f_ of mistakes. 语义语境题语义语境题。根据。根据while一词可知该一词可知该局的逻辑关系和句义。要注意所填局的逻辑关系和句义。要注意所填mistake是可数的，以及要正确地区是可数的，以及要正确地区分分filled with和和full of 搭配的不同。搭配的不同。istakesullThe 3rd blank Thats w_ people often say when they talk about computers. 语法结构题。语法结构题。该题要注意排除句型该题要注意排除句型thats why的定

13、势干扰。句中的定势干扰。句中say一词是及物动词，故需要用一词是及物动词，故需要用what这这一疑问代词来作它的宾语。一疑问代词来作它的宾语。hatThe 4th blank For over a quarter of a century, engineers have been m_ better and better computers. 语 法 结 构 题 。语 法 结 构 题 。 该 题 要 注 意 到该 题 要 注 意 到engineers是通常造是通常造 computers的的人。初定人。初定make一词，并进一步考虑一词，并进一步考虑到到have been doing表示一直在做

14、表示一直在做某事。某事。akingThe 5th & 6th blank Now a computer can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully. It is w_ used in factories, hospitals and banks. A computer can report, decide and control in almost every f_. 语义语境题语义语境题。该题需要有一定的计算该题需要有一定的计算机应用的相关背景知识。了解到了计机应用的相关背景知识。了解到了计算机在各个领域的广泛应用，也就不算机在各个领域的广泛应用，也就

15、不难填出这两空了。难填出这两空了。idelyieldThe 7th & 8th blank Many computer scientist are now thinking of making the computer “t_” like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can draw pictures, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize (识别识别) voices, translate languages and s_ on. Perhaps computers

16、 will one day really think and feel. 上下文线索题。上下文线索题。充分利用上下文是解该充分利用上下文是解该题的关键。第题的关键。第7空根据固定搭配空根据固定搭配 and so on就显得容易的很了。就显得容易的很了。hinkoThe 9th & 10th blank Do you think that people will be a_ when they find that the computer is too c_ to listen to and serve(为为服务服务) the people. 句法结构题。句法结构题。我们不难看出我们不难看出to

17、oto的的结构表示否定，在充分考虑上文的信息结构表示否定，在充分考虑上文的信息, 如果电脑能如果电脑能think and feel，就不难想，就不难想到到clever一词，然后在进行逻辑推理，一词，然后在进行逻辑推理，找出表示人们情感的词找出表示人们情感的词afraid.fraidlever 例文例文A . The computer is fast , and never makes m_, while people are too slow and f_ of mistakes. Thats w_ people often say when they talk about computers

18、. For over a quarter of a century, engineers have been m_ better and better computers. Now a computer can do a lot of everyday jobs wonderfully. It is w_ used in factories, hospitals and banks. A computer can report, decide and control in almost every f_. Many computer scientists are now thinking of

19、 making the computer “t_” like a man. With the help of a person, a computer can draw pictures, write music, talk with people, play chess, recognize (识别) voices, translate languages and s_ on. Perhaps computers will one day really think and feel. Do you think that people will be a_ when they find tha

20、t the computer is too c_ to listen to and serve(为服务) the people. istakesullhatakingidelyieldhinkofraidlever 例文例文B The earth moves round the s 1 . When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is d 2 .When our part of the earth turns a 3 from the sun, it is night. The sun is much bigger than the mo

21、on. But sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun, because it is much n 4 to the earth. The sun is very bright. It gives very strong l 5 . The moon looks quite bright, but it d 6 give any light at all. The light from the moon comes f 7 the sun. The moon looks much bigger and brighter t 8 the star

22、s. But in fact the stars are a lot bigger and brighter than the m 9 . They look smaller than the moon because they are f 10 away from the earth.【解题指导】【解题指导】 本文是一篇科普文章。第一段说明了地球本文是一篇科普文章。第一段说明了地球因自转而产生昼夜交替。第二、四两段说明因自转而产生昼夜交替。第二、四两段说明了人们观看月亮、太阳和星星时发生的近大了人们观看月亮、太阳和星星时发生的近大远小的视觉现象，第三段说明了太阳与月亮远小的视觉现象，第三段说

23、明了太阳与月亮发光与反光的特征。近年来，中考短文填空发光与反光的特征。近年来，中考短文填空的题材趋于多样化。人物、科普、史地、故的题材趋于多样化。人物、科普、史地、故事、政治、经济、风土人情，均为选材范围。事、政治、经济、风土人情，均为选材范围。 The earth moves round the s_. When our part of the earth turns to the sun, it is d_. When our part of the earth turns a_ from the sun, it is night.unayway1. sun. 地球围绕太阳运转是天文常识。

24、地球围绕太阳运转是天文常识。2. day. 地球面对太阳的半个球面是白天地球面对太阳的半个球面是白天。3. away. turn away from意为意为“背离背离”。地球。地球上背对太阳的一面是夜晚。上背对太阳的一面是夜晚。The 1st 3rd blank The sun is much bigger than the moon. But sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun, because it is much n_ to the earth.The 4th blank4. nearer. much 后接比较级。和太阳比起来后接比较

25、级。和太阳比起来月亮离地球近多了。月亮离地球近多了。earer The sun is very bright. It gives very strong l_. The moon looks quite bright, but it d_ give any light at all. The light from the moon comes f_the sun.The 5th7th blankightoesntrom7. from. 月亮反射太阳的光，人们所看到的月亮月亮反射太阳的光，人们所看到的月亮的光来自于太阳。的光来自于太阳。5. light. give light意为意为“发光发光”

26、。太阳是发光体。太阳是发光体。6. doesnt. 月亮根本不发光。月亮根本不发光。 The moon looks much bigger and brighter t_ the stars. But in fact the stars are a lot bigger and brighter than the m_. They look smaller than the moon because they are f_ away from the earth.The 8th10th blank10. farther. 恒星看起来比月亮小，是因为它们离地球恒星看起来比月亮小，是因为它们离地球

27、比月亮远。从句中的比月亮远。从句中的than the moon承前省略。此空承前省略。此空仍应该用比较远。仍应该用比较远。8. than. 由空前的由空前的bigger and brighter 可知，此处应可知，此处应填表示比较的连词填表示比较的连词than。9. moon. 根据文意，下句的根据文意，下句的they代指空格所在句子代指空格所在句子的主语的主语the stars。因此两句中。因此两句中than后的应是同一物，后的应是同一物，即即moon。hanoonarther例文例文B The earth moves round the s_. When our part of the e

28、arth turns to the sun, it is d_ When our part of the earth turns a_from the sun, it is night. The sun is much bigger than the moon. But sometimes the moon looks bigger than the sun, because it is much n_to the earth. The sun is very bright. It gives very strong l_.The moon looks quite bright, but it

29、 d_ give any light at all. The light from the moon comes f_the sun.The moon looks much bigger and brighter t_the stars. But in fact the stars are a lot bigger and brighter than the m_They look smaller than the moon because they are f_away from the earth.unaywayearerightoesntromhanoonarther 例文例文C Dog

30、s are good pets. They are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s 3 arrives. When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s 4 buy a small dog if your home is small a

31、nd a bigger one if y 5 is larger. Many people dont know how much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat a 6 anything! They like meat, rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops. Dont let your dogs eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always l 8 water for your dog. It can g

32、et thirsty very quickly, especially in s 9 . Remember that dogs need e 10 . You should take it for a walk every day. Dont keep your dog inside all day. Dogs are good pets. They are very f to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c and their parents. Others are good watch-do

33、gs because they cry loudly when a s arrives. 3. stranger. 狗的天性是护家。文中的狗的天性是护家。文中的watch-dogs意为意为“看家看家狗狗”，专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。，专门指有生人来时发出叫喊的狗。“生人生人”在英文中即为在英文中即为stranger。riendlyhildrentranger 1. friendly. 人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养，主要是因为它们人们之所以把狗作为宠物来养，主要是因为它们比较通人性，且对人很友好。此空应填一个形容词，故比较通人性，且对人很友好。此空应填一个形容词，故friendly是正确答案。

34、是正确答案。 2. children. 宠物狗自然是在家中养，宠物狗自然是在家中养， 它们除了听主人的话以外，它们除了听主人的话以外，与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。此处应填与家中的小主人即孩子也是好朋友。此处应填“孩子孩子”的复数形式，的复数形式，即即children。The 1st 3rd blankWhen you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s_ buy a small dog if your home is small and a bigger one if y_ is larger.The 4th5th b

35、lank4.4. size. 这个空略微有点难。一是这个空略微有点难。一是sizesize一词平时用得较少，二一词平时用得较少，二是一般家庭都养小型犬，供狗活动的空间一般不成问题，因此，是一般家庭都养小型犬，供狗活动的空间一般不成问题，因此，对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。从后面的句子来看，此处是在谈对狗的体积问题考虑的较少。从后面的句子来看，此处是在谈狗的体积的问题狗的体积的问题“如果你的家小，就买一只小狗；如果你如果你的家小，就买一只小狗；如果你的家大，就买一只大狗。的家大，就买一只大狗。”5.5. yours. . 这是一个名词性物主代词，代替上半句的这是一个名词性物主代词，代替上半句的you

36、r homeyour home。此句完整的说法应是此句完整的说法应是buy a small dog if your home is small buy a small dog if your home is small and buy a bigger one if your home is larger. and buy a bigger one if your home is larger. 为避免词的重为避免词的重复使用，在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。复使用，在英文句子中常用名词性物主代词代替前面的那个名词。izeoursMany people dont know h

37、ow much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat a_anything! They like meat, rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m_ for dogs in shops.The 6th7th blank7. made. 这是这是make的过去分词，在这里与的过去分词，在这里与for dogs一一起做定语，修饰起做定语，修饰food，整句的意思是，整句的意思是“你可以在食品店你可以在食品店买到许多为狗做的食物。买到许多为狗做的食物。”这个空也是一个难点。若没这个空也是一个难点。若没有

38、正确理解句意，很容易写成有正确理解句意，很容易写成meat。6. almost. “狗几乎什么都吃。狗几乎什么都吃。”这一点我们从日常生活这一点我们从日常生活中也都知道，而且本句话的后面也进行了进一步的解释中也都知道，而且本句话的后面也进行了进一步的解释说明，说明，“他们喜欢吃肉，米饭和其它的东西。他们喜欢吃肉，米饭和其它的东西。” lmostade Dont let your dogs eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always l_ water for your dog. It can get thirsty very quickly, es

39、pecially in s_.The 8th9th blank9. summer. 如果了解了狗的这一生理功能（靠舌头来如果了解了狗的这一生理功能（靠舌头来散热），就不难填出散热），就不难填出summer一词。一词。8. leave. 有养狗经验的同学都知道，每天一定要给狗有养狗经验的同学都知道，每天一定要给狗留下供它喝的水。狗是靠舌头来散热的，因此它极易渴，留下供它喝的水。狗是靠舌头来散热的，因此它极易渴，特别是在夏天。特别是在夏天。eaveummer Remember that dogs need e_ . You should take it for a walk every day.

40、Dont keep your dog inside all day.The 10th blank10. exercise. 如果想让狗养成好习惯并不生病的话，如果想让狗养成好习惯并不生病的话，就必须每天带它出去散步。从下面的句子就必须每天带它出去散步。从下面的句子You should take it for a walk every day. Dont keep your dog inside all day. 来看，说明狗也需要运动。来看，说明狗也需要运动。exercise当当“运动运动”讲时，讲时， 是一个不可数名词，不能在词尾加是一个不可数名词，不能在词尾加s。 xercise 例文例文

41、C Dogs are good pets. They are very f 1 to people and also very beautiful. Most dogs get on very well with c 2 and their parents. Others are good watch-dogs because they cry loudly when a s 3 arrives. When you buy a dog, an important thing to think about is its s 4 buy a small dog if your home is sm

42、all and a bigger one if y 5 is larger. Many people dont know how much to feed their dogs. Dogs eat a 6 anything! They like meat, rice and lots of other things. You can buy lots of food m 7 for dogs in shops. Dont let your dogs eat too much. Feed it only once a day. Always l 8 water for your dog. It

43、can get thirsty very quickly, especially in s 9 . Remember that dogs need e 10 . You should take it for a walk every day. Dont keep your dog inside all day.friendlychildrenstrangersizeyoursalmostmadeleavesummerexercise下文最突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填下文最突出的一个特点就是决大多数需填词的后面都有一句或两句话的内容是对所词的后面都有一句或两句话的内容是对所填词的内容进行补充说

44、明的。因此，同学填词的内容进行补充说明的。因此，同学们在做这种类型的题时，一定要注意分析们在做这种类型的题时，一定要注意分析上下文的内容，进行推理和归纳，正确的上下文的内容，进行推理和归纳，正确的理解句意，最后决定出最佳的词及其正确理解句意，最后决定出最佳的词及其正确形式。形式。 守财奴闹出了笑话。文中谈了一次救人的过程，守财奴闹出了笑话。文中谈了一次救人的过程，解题时要根据当时的情况特别注意解题时要根据当时的情况特别注意“give”和和“take”的妙用。的妙用。 例文例文D There was an old man who loved money very much. He n 1 gav

45、e anything to anybody. After some years he became r 2 . One day he was walking near the river with his friends when he fell into the river. His friends ran to help him. One of them held out his hand and cried, “Give me your hand, and Ill p 3 you out！”The rich m 4 head went down the water a 5 then ca

46、me up again, but he did not g 6 his hand to his friend. Again another of his friends tried, but again the s 7 thing happened. Then a 8 friend, Nasreddin, said, “Take my hand and Ill pull you out!” The rich man took his hand and Nasreddin pulled him out of the water. “You dont know your friend very w

47、 9 .” Nasreddin said to the others. “When you say Give！ to him, he d 10 nothing, but when you say Take！ he always takes.” There was an old man who loved money very much. He n_ gave anything to anybody. After some years he became r_.The 1st 2nd blank1. never. 因为因为love money,所以他决不会所以他决不会“给予给予”。never意为意为“从不从不”。2. rich. rich是形容词，作表语。由于从不施舍，几年是形容词，作表语。由于从不施舍，几年后他就富有了。后他就富有了。everichOne of them held out his hand and cried, “Give me your hand, and Ill p you out！”The rich m head went down the water a then came up again,The 3rd 5th blank4. mans. head 为名词，要选用为名词，要选用man的所有格形式。的所有格形式。3. pull