2019高考英语一轮基础自练题Unit4Bodylanguage(含解析)新人教版必修4

1、Body Ian guage李仕才*阅读理解。Vitamin B could help lessen the effects of the most dangerous type of air pollution, accord ing to a newstudy published recen tly .In the first study of its kind, a team of internationalresearchers looked at thedamage caused by one of the pollutants that havethe most severe im

2、pact on health: PM2.5.Particulate matter, or PM, is a type of air pollutant consisting of small particles of differe nt sizes. PM2.5has a diameter of fewer tha n 2.5 micrometers, about 30 times smaller than a human hair. These particles areso small that they can go into our respiratory system（呼吸系统）,

3、resulting in lung and systemic inflammation（炎症）andstress.The team found that something as simple as a daily vitamin B supplement could potentially reduce theimpact of the tiny particles on the human body, although they stressed that the research was in its earlystages and the sample size was small.F

4、or this study, 10 volunteers were initially exposed to clean air and given a placebo（ 安慰剂）to checktheir responses. The group then took another placebo for four weeks before being exposed to heavilypolluted air from dow ntow n Toron to, where an estimated 1, 000 cars pass every hour. The bad air wasd

5、elivered to the volunteers through an “ oxygen-type ” face mask. The experiment was then repeated, witheach volunteer taking a B vitamin supplement daily made up of 2.5 mg of folic acid, 50 mg of vitamin B6, and1 mg of vitamin B12. B6 can be found in liver, chicken and nuts, and B12 in fish, meat, e

6、ggs, milk and somecereals.The researchers found that four weeks of B vitam in suppleme nts reduced the damage of PM2.5exposure by 28% 76%. The results highlight how preve ntion at an in dividuallevel could be used to fight the harmful effects of PM2.5.【解题导语】本文是一篇说明文。吸入人体内的PM2.5（细颗粒物）会导致疾病。不过，研究发现维生素

7、 B 在一定程度上能降低PM2.5 的危害。1. Why is PM2.5 harmful to our health?2A. It pollutes and poisons the air.B. It is too much to be got rid of.C. It carries viruses and diseases.D. It is easily breathed in and damages our body.D 解析：细节理解题。根据第二段中的These particles are so small.nflammation（炎症）and stress. ”可知，PM2.5（细

8、颗粒物）很小，能进入我们的呼吸系统，导致肺部和全身炎症。2.What can we infer from Paragraph 3?A. The process of the research was not scientific.B. This kind of research has been done many times.C.Further studies are n eeded to con firm their findin gs.D. Vitamin B is hard to obtain in people s daily life.C 解析：推理判断题。根据第三段中的altho

9、ugh they stressed that the research was inits early stages and the sample size was small.”可知，该项研究处于初级阶段且样本规模小，因此还需要更多的研究来证明研究团队的发现。3.What is the text mainly about?A. International researchers have a new finding.B. Vitamin B could reduce the damage of PM2.5.C. Particulate matter does great harm to ou

10、r health./D. Emission control and regulation are badly needed.B 解析：主旨大意题。文章第一段和第二段谈到PM2.5 的定义以及 PM2.5 的危害；第三到五段告诉我们维生素 B 能降低 PM2.5 的危害。所以 B 项最能概括文章主旨。4.The new study was probably published_A. in a scienee journalB. on a government websiteC. in a fashion magazineD. in a medical textbookA 解析：推理判断题。该文的

11、内容为科学研究发现，很可能出自科学期刊。所以A 项正确。*语法填空。After spe nding n early every wak ing minute with An gel for eight straight days, I knew that I had to tellher just one thing. So late at ni ght, just before she fell asleep,I whispered _1_ in her ear. She smiled the kind of smile _2_ made mesmile backand she said,3

12、“ When rm seve nty-five and I think about my life and _3_ it was like tobe youn g,I hope that I can remember this very mome nt.”A few sec onds later she closed her eyes and fell asleep. The room was _4_(peace) almost sile nt.AII I could hear was the soft voice of her breath in g. I stayed awake _5_

13、(th ink)about the time we _6_ (spe nd) together and all the choices in our lives that madethis mome nt possible.And at some point, I realized that it did nt matter what wed done or where wed gone. Nor _7_ the futurehold any sig ni fica nee.What mattered was the calmness of the moment. The moral : We

14、must not allow the clock, the calendar,and external pressure _8_ (rule) our lives and blind us to the fact _9_ each in dividual mome nt of ourlives is a beautiful mystery and a miracle _10_(especial)those mome nts we spe nd in the prese nee of a loved one.1 . _ 2._ 3._ 4._ 5._ 6._7._ 8._ 9._ 10._篇章导

15、读：本文是一篇夹叙夹议文。作者通过描述一个让人暖心的夜晚，告诉读者一个生活 和人生哲理：眼下宁静温馨的时光尤为珍贵，不应被世俗破坏。1.it考查代词。根据前句中的I knew that I had to tell her just one thing”可知，空处应填 it 指代 one thing。2.that/which考查定语从句的引导词。根据句子结构可知，空处引导定语从句，从句中 缺少主语，且关系词指代先行词 the kind of smile ，故填 that/which。3.what 考查宾语从句的连接词。根据and 前的“ I thinkabout my life ”可知，空处引导

16、宾语从句，从句中 like 缺少宾语，且连接词在句中表示“什么样子”，此处应填what。4.peaceful考查词性转换。句意：房间里很宁静。此处应用形容词peaceful 作 was 的表语。5.thinking考查非谓语动词。分析句子结构可知，此处应用现在分词作伴随状语。6.had spent考查动词的时态。根据语境可知，spend 所表示的动作发生在 stayed awake之前，应用过去完成时，故填had spent。47.did考查部分倒装。否定副词nor 位于句首时，句子常用部分倒装，由hold 与前一句中的 realized 可知，应填 did。8.to rule考查非谓语动词。

17、allow sb./sth. to do sth. 为固定用法。9.that考查同位语从句的连接词。 分析句子结构并由the fact可知，此处应用 that 引导同位语从句，解释说明the fact的具体内容。10.especially考查词性转换。此处表示“尤其是与心爱的人一起度过的美好时光”，结 合句意可知，空处应用副词作状语，故填 especially。*完形填空。A taxi driver taught me a less on in customer satisfacti on and expectati ons.ln spiri ng5speakers 1 thousa nds

18、of dollars to give this kind of training to corporate directors and staff.It cost me only a$12 2 ride.I had 3 into Dallas just for the purpose of calling on a client.Time was precious and my 4 included a quickround trip from and back to the airport.A 5 taxi pulled up.The driver rushed to 6 the passe

19、nger door for meand made sure I was 7 seated before he closed the door.As he got in the driver s seat , he 8 that the neatlyfolded Wall Street Journal next to me was for my use.He the n showed me several 9 and asked me what typeof musicI would enjoy.I could not believe the 10 I was receivi ng! I too

20、k the opport unity to say, “ 卫you take great pride in your work.You must have a 12_to share. ”“You bet , ” he 13 , I used to be in Corporate America.But I was tired of thinkingmy best would n ever be good eno ugh .I 14 to find my rightpositi onin life , where I couldfeel 15 of being the best.I love

21、driving cars, and feeling like I have done a full days work and done it 16 _ . So I chose to become a 17_. One thing I know for sure , to begood in my bus in ess I just have to meet the expectati ons of my passe ngers. 18_, to begreat i n my bus in ess,I have to go 19 the customer s expectations!”Th

22、e taxi drivertaught mea great life 20 : Go an extra mile when providingany serviceto others.【解题导语】本文主要讲述了一名出租车司机给作者上了一堂关于如何达到客户满意和期望的课。1. A.offerB. chargeC. payD. affordB 解析：根据空后的thousandsof dollars to give this kind of training to corporatedirectors and staff.It cost me only a $12表示“收费”，符合语境。D. cyc

23、led”可知，励志演讲家的培训是要收费的。charge2.A.taxiC. carA 解析：根据文章第一句可知,3. A.drivenB. busD. train出租车司机收作者12 美元。B. flownC. ran6B 解析：根据第二段第二句可知，作者当时是乘飞机去的。4.A.hopeB. purposeC.planD. choiceC 解析：根据语境可知，时间很珍贵，作者的计划中包括往返机场的旅程。5.A.privateB. roughC.slowD. cleanD 解析：根据下文的the neatly folded Wall Street Journal n ext to me was

24、 for myuse ”可推知，出租车很干净。6.A.openB. lockC.pushD. shutA 解析：结合the passenger door for me ”可推知，司机赶快跑过来给作者开车门。7.A.silentlyB. comfortablyC.tightlyD. casuallyB 解析：根据语境可推知，该司机注重乘客的满意度，所以他一定确保作者乘坐舒适。8.A.declaredB. concludedC.foundD. mentionedD 解析：根据语境可推知，司机向乘客提醒有杂志可看。mention 提到”。9.A.picturesB. mapsC.tapesD. bo

25、oksC 解析：根据空后的asked me what type of music I would enjoy ”可推知，司机给作者拿出几盘音乐磁带让他选择。10. A.serviceC. invitationC. Graduallyto share. ”以及语境可推知，显而易见，作者 认为出租车司机为自己的工作自豪。A 解析：根据空后的1was receiving ”可推知，作者对出租车司机提供的服务非常吃惊,不敢相信。receive the service“接受服务”。11. A.ActuallyB. ObviouslyB. giftD. adviceD. SuddenlyB 解析：由空后的

26、You must have a712. A.chaneeB. secret8A 解析：根据空前的 “ I was tired of thinking”可推知，司机决定行动起来，找到生活C. storyD. rideC 解析：根据空后的“ to share ”以及语境可推知，此处表示有故事分享。13. A.whisperedB. arguedC. sighedD. repliedD 解析：根据语境可知，司机回应了作者的推断。14. A.decidedB. promisedC. happenedD. hesitated中合适的位置。15. A.carefulB. proudC. afraidD.

27、curiousB 解析：根据第三段第二句的you take great pride in your work”可推知，司机想做到最好并为自己的工作自豪。16. A.earlyB. rapidlyC. cautiouslyD. wellD 解析：根据语境可推知，司机想把工作做好。17. A.driverB. directorC. clientD. speakerA 解析：根据语境可知，他决定转行当一名司机。18. A.BesidesB. ThereforeC. HoweverD. PerhapsC 解析：根据语境可知，上下文表示逻辑上的转折关系，故用However 然而”。19. A.again

28、stB. withinC. overD. beyondD 解析：根据文章最后一句可知，要想做到最好，就要多为客户考虑，超出客户的期望。beyond 超出”。20. A.methodB. experieneeC. lessonD. standardC 解析：根据文章开头可知，此处表示司机给作者上了生动的一课。*短文改错。9As a student,I can tell you that there is something better than praised by my teacherbefore my classmates.The other day, I was praised by m

29、y head teacher at the class meeti ng because I haverecited all the words of Un it 3. He said before the whole class that only if we put ourhearts into our lessons could we make great progress. He also said I set the good example to all of myclassmates and that I memorized all the words of Un it 3 as

30、 though I was not good at En glish. He also addedthat every one should lear n from me. Heari ng that the head teacher said, I was more than glad and my heartbeat wildly. At the same time, Imade up my mind to study hard rather than wasting precious time on those useless things, such as play ingvideo

31、games and chatt ing on li ne.On my own experienee, I learn that several words of praise can make a great differenee to some one.答案：As a student, I can tell you that there is something _ better thanApraised by myno thi ngbei ngteacher before my classmates.The other day, I was praised by my head teacher at the class